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TOLC exam
MATHS
Arithmetic and algebra:
Properties and operations on numbers (integers, rationals, reals). 
Absolute value. 

Powers and roots. 

Logarithms and exponentials. 
Literal calculation. 

Polynomials (operations, factor decomposition). 

Algebraic equations and inequalities of first and second degree or reducible to them. 

Systems of first degree equations.

Rational equations and inequalities divided and with radicals.

Geometry Segments and angles; their size and properties. 

Lines and plans. 

Remarkable geometric places. 

Properties of the main plane geometric figures (triangles, circles, circles, regular
polygons, etc.) and relative lengths and areas.
Properties of the main solid geometric figures (spheres, cones, cylinders, prisms,
parallelepipeds, pyramids, etc.) and related volumes and surface areas.

Analytic geometry and numerical functions:

Cartesian coordinates. 

The concept of function. 

Equations of straight lines and simple geometric places (circles, ellipses, parabolas,
etc.). 

TOLC exam 1
 Graphs and properties of elementary functions (powers, logarithms, exponentials,
etc.). 

Calculations using logarithms. 

Logarithmic and exponential equations and inequalities.

Trigonometry:
Graphs and properties of the sine, cosine and tangent functions. 

The main trigonometric formulas (addition, subtraction, duplication, bisection). 

Trigonometric equations and inequalities. 

Relations between elements of a triangle.

Statistics:
Knowledge of elementary notions of statistics is assumed (permutations,
combinations, mean, variance and frequency). 

Basic notions of interpretation of frequency diagrams and histograms.

PHYSICS
Mechanics:
Knowledge of scalar and vector quantities, of the concept of measurement of a
physical quantity and of the system of units of measurement is assumed; 

the definition of fundamental physical quantities (displacement, speed, acceleration,

mass, momentum, force, weight, work and power); 

knowledge of the law of inertia, Newton's law and the principle of action and
reaction,

elements of fluid mechanics.

Optics:
The principles of geometric optics; 

reflection, refraction; refractive index; 

prisms; 

concave and convex mirrors and lenses; 

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 basic notions on lens systems and the devices that use them.

Thermodynamics:
The concepts of temperature, heat, specific heat, expansion of bodies and

the equation of state of perfect gases are taken for granted. 

Elementary notions on the principles of thermodynamics are required.

Electromagnetism:
Knowledge of basic notions of electrostatics (Coulomb's law, electrostatic field and
capacitors)

and magnetostatics (current intensity, Ohm's law and magnetostatic field) is

assumed. 

Some elementary knowledge is then required regarding electromagnetic radiation

and its propagation.

CHEMISTRY
Chemistry and Structure of Matter:
A qualitative knowledge of the structure of atoms and molecules is required. 

In particular, basic notions on the constituents of the atom and on the periodic table
of elements are assumed. 

Furthermore, the distinction between compounds formed by ions and those made up
of molecules and the knowledge of the relative physical characteristics,

in particular of the most common compounds existing in nature, such as water and
the constituents of the atmosphere, are assumed to be known.

Chemical Symbology:
Knowledge of chemical symbology is assumed and the meaning of chemical
formulas and equations is assumed to be known.

Stoichiometry:
The concept of mole and its applications must be known; 

TOLC exam 3
 the ability to perform simple stoichiometric calculations is assumed.

Organic Chemistry:
The structure of the simplest carbon compounds must be known.

Solutions:
The definition of acid-base systems and pH must be known.

Oxidation –reduction:
The concept of oxidation and reduction must be possessed. 
We assume elementary notions on combustion reactions

TOLC exam 4