Ash Fusion MANUAL-IF2000201209

IF2000G Page: 1
IF2000F & IF2000G & SHV-IF

Fusibility of the coal and the biomass
ash
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IF2000G Page: 2
New Table of Contents

IF2000 Installation 5
Laboratory requirements before the IF2000 Installation 5
Unpacking IF2000 6
Heating Elements and Furnace Lamp 6
Step to step IF2000 installation procedure 6
Working with reducing atmospheres: 9
CO is very Dangerous 10
Laboratory requirements before the SHV-IF Installation 11
SHV-IF INSTALLATION 11
Step to step SHV-IF installation procedure 12
Consumables and spares 13
SPECIFIC PARTS FOR SHV-IF ANALYZERS 16
Standards ready to use (coal ashes) 17
Ashes for ash fusion test 17
Consumables and spares 19
QUICK ANALYSIS 21
The operations 21
The results 23
POSITIONING THE SAMPLE 24
Setting the measure frame 24
1- To Select the norm 25
2- To change a parameter 25
3 - To memorize the new parameters 25
4- To send the ramp profile to the regulator 25
5-In case of difficulties at this step: 25
6- IMPORTANT information concerning the atmosphere 25
The 30 pictures printed in a selectable temperature range 27
The pictures of the fusion points 27
Example for an analysis of one Cube or Cylinder 28
Example for a simultaneously analysis of two Cubes or Cylinders 33
Example for simultaneously analysis of a Cube and a Pyramid 38
RFD products (ASTM E953-88) 44
SAMPLES SETTING 46
Biomass Products and CEN Norm 47
BIOMASS Software 200°C-1600°C (actual) 49
STANDARDIZATION with a gold wire 52
Standardization with a gold wire. 52
REFERENCE MATERIAL and tested Material 53
Setting a TEMPERATURE CORRECTION 54
Standardization in MANUAL MODE 55
To set a temperature correction 55
THE RESULTS 57
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE ROUNDING 59
THE TEMPERATURE RAMP 60
ERRATIC CURVES 61
HOW TO 62
Select the automatic printed pictures 62
Make a fusion movie 62
Make your own fusion curves with Excel 62
To control the thermocouple 62
To control the REDUCING/ OXIDIZING atmospheres 62
To import the results in a Windows application. 63
To perform an analysis entirely with the back light on 63
To Align Tray-Tube-Sample-Light 63
To adjust the temperature at one point 63
Preserve the assay picture 63
Set and test the communication port 63
Make a PDF document in place of the standard printout 64
Adjust the proportional band with the 2416 temperature controller. 65
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IF2000G Page: 3
Adjust the camera alignment 65

XPE network shared files 65
Camera CV-A60 66
1. General 66
2. Standard Composition 66
3. Main Features 66
4. Camera Housing and Dimensions 67
5. Pin Assignment 68
6. Functions and Operations 68
7. Configuring the Camera 69
8. Specifications 71
9. Spectral Sensitivity 71
Mother Card Specifications 72
PCM 9575 Mother Card 72
IMAGE CARD 75
1-Standard Features 75
2-Installation 75
3-Troubleshooting 76
4-Cables and Connectors 76
NETWORK 78
Settings 78
AFTER THE INSTALLATION 79
THE MAIN TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER 80
Rear Terminal Layout 80
Front panel layout 81
Basic operation 81
EUROTHERM 2416 Configuration 82
Inst Conf 83
PU Conf 83
IP Conf 83
SP Conf 83
AL Conf 83
Prog Conf 83
HA Conf 83
1A Conf 83
2A Conf 83
3A Conf 83
CAL conf 83
2416 Configuration 2010-12-12 83
FULL DIAGNOSTIC 84
2216e CONFIGURATION with OVERTEMP alarm 87
Inst Conf 87
IP conf 87
AL conf 87
CAL Conf 87
HA conf 87
1A Conf 87
2A Conf 87
3A Conf 87
PARTS and SERIAL numbers 88
SPARE PARTS 89
9575 Layout 90
9575 Connectors 91
Award BIOS setup 92
SHV CABLING 95
SHV PNEUMATIC 96
97
IF2000G Cabling 99
99
IF2000G Furnace Cabling March 2009 100
IF CABLES 101
IRF1600 CABLING 102
IF2000G Page: 4
HEATING Troubleshooting 104

ANALYSIS AUTOMATICALLY ENDED : 104
OTHERS: 104
IF2BIOMA01.EXE 106
IF2BIOMA01A.EXE 107
IF2BIOMA08 (May 2007) 107
IF2BIOMA09 (Nov 2007) 107
IF2BIOMA01B.EXE 108
IF2BIOMA02.exe May 2004 109
IF2BIOMA03 (Jul 2004) 111
IF2BIOMA04 (Feb 2005) 112
IF2BIOMA05A (Nov 2006) 113
IF2BIOMA07 (Jan 2007) 113
IF2BIOMA10 (Jan 2008) 114
IF2BIOMA10 (IF210XP-4RESOL July 2008) 114
IF2BIOMA10 (IF210XP-4RESOL2 Sept 2008) 115
IF2BIOMA11 (IF211XP Aug 2009) 116
VERTICAL MISALIGNMENT AND NOISE GENERATION 116
IF212 June 2010 117
INSPECTION AND QUALITY CERTIFICATE 118
CONFORMITY DECLARATION of THE MANUFACTURER of the Analyzer IF2000G 118
In comparison with CAF ash fusion system , IF2000F/FCA/G is in large advance 120
IF2000G Page: 5
IF2000 Installation
Laboratory requirements before the IF2000 Installation

If the Analyzer is using CO or H2 gas , a CO or/and H2 alarm(s) must be fixed on the wall near the analyzer, at 1m80 from the floor,
the alarm levels must be set at concentrations according the laws and specifications in the country where the instrument is installed.
1-IF2000 Ash fusion system should be placed on a suitably stable surface, the minimum surface dimensions are 150cm width x 70cm
depth (Printer excluded) . the room temperature must be less than 35°C, no vibrations , well ventilated.
2- The exhaust gases (CO , H2 ...) must be directed to a hood or outdoors.
3- The connected gases (CO and/or H2 and/or CO2/H2 and or CO/CO2 and N2) are delivered by tanks, equiped with a double stage
pressure regulator to limit the pressure at 1kg/cm2 (1 bar = 15Psi) even when the gas flow is fully stopped by the analyzer
4- The gas supply adaptors situated in the laboratory, must be placed at less than 2.5 meters from the IF2000 analyser and must be
suitable for a connexion with a 4 mm outer diameter teflon flexible tube
5- The Furnace is connected to a separate power supply able to deliver up to 18 Amps, 220-240Vac 50/60Hz 1 phase. The customer
must provide the male plug adapted to the wall socket.
6- The analytical unit IF2000 is connected to a separate power supply able to deliver up to 3 Amps, 220-240Vac 50/60Hz 1 phase.
The customer must provide the male plug adapted to the wall socket. the continuous analysis time is more than one hour, in case of
unstable electrical installations with power cuts, the IF2000 unit must be connected to an uniterruptible power supply delivering
220Vac, 500 Watts
Required Gases (common quality) in premixed reducing mode: CO/CO2 50%/50% premixed regulated at 15Psi -or- H2/CO2
50%/50% premixed regulated at 15Psi -and- N2 regulated at 15 Psi
Required Gases (common quality) in common reducing mode:: CO and CO2 regulated at 15 Psi -or- H2 and CO2 regulated at 15
Psi
Required Gases (common quality) in common oxidizing mode::No gas is required for IF2000 Systems, an attached air pump is
driven by the software. With SHV-IF system the air pump must be manually started/stopped
IF2000G Page: 6
Unpacking IF2000
If the external wooden box has been damaged during the transport, we recommend a visual inspection of the components inside the
analytic unit and inside the furnace before to plug the electrical power cables.
• 1- The furnace
1-1 Unmount the right panel of the furnace (2 screws on the top, on 2 others, at symetric location, at the bottom
1-2 Control if the main power block (the bigger component) is still correctly fixed on the base din rail
1-2 With an Ohm-meter, control between the 2 ceramic terminals if the resistance is not infinite (20 ohms to 60 ohms according the
furnace models)
1-3 Control between these 2 terminals and the metallic parts of the furnace that there is no short circuits.
1-4 Control is the heating elements are placed symetrically inside the furnace ceramic
1-5 Control if the Halogen lamp is correctly plugged at the rear of the furnace
1-6 Proceed of a visual inspection of the other parts
1-7 Mount back the right pannel
• 2- The Analytical unit
2-1 Unmount the upper cover (2 screws right and left)
2-2 Inspect the heavier components (power supply) and control the insertion of the electronic cards in the corresponding insertion
slots (Image card / PCI)
2-3 Control the resistance between the Phase & Earth , and Neutral & Earth at the rear main filter place on the rear panel
2-4 Mount back the upper cover
Heating Elements and Furnace Lamp

You must insert and connect the heating elements and the lamp. BE CAREFULL ! the Heating elements are very fragile (like glass)
HEATING ELEMENTS: Furnace

rear connexions
HEATING ELEMENTS: Furnace front

connexions
Before to Connect the Furnace to the
Step to step IF2000 installation procedure

• 1- SAFETY
Set all the ON/OFF on switches (Main Unit (Rear and Front switches OFF), Furnace (Front OFF, rear ON), Printer)
• 2- Electrical connexions:
2-1 Using the 3 branch cord, connect in parallel mode: Analytical Unit, Screen, Printer (220-240VAC 50/60Hz, 4Amps plug)
2-2 The furnace is connected on a separate power line (220-240Vac 50/60Hz 16-18Amps plug)
2-3 Connect the peripheral devices with the specific cables (Camera, Printer, Screen, Mouse, Analyser-Furnace interconnexion)
2-4 Plug the Lamp wires at the rear of the furnace and set the lamp switch ON
2-5 Plug the thermocouple wire to the thermocouple junction of the combustion tube
• 3 Gas connexions
3-1 From Analytical unit output to the furnace Input
IF2000G Page: 7
3-2 From the tanks to the analyzer unit

Note: Air to OX input (OXidizing)
CO2/H2 (Carbon dioxide/Hydrogen) , or CO (Carbon monoxide) alone, or H2(Hydrogen) alone to RE input (REducing)
N2 (Nitrogen) , or CO2 (Carbon dioxide) to N2 (Neutral)
• 4 POWER ON
Switch ON : Analytical Unit, Screen , Printer The Administrator password is: 9575
5 Electrical Tests
5-1 Select "1 Set NORM"
5-2 Hit the SET NORM Button
Control: A small led is blinking (1/second) on the front of the 2416 Eurotherm controller (communication indication)
• 6 Devices Test
6-1 TEMPERATURE
6-1 Select "Set Regulation" and hit <Get Temperature> button
If the thermocouple connexion is OK, you can read the furnace temperature in the text box below the button
6-2 CAMERA
THE MECHANICAL APERTURE OF THE CAMERA MUST BE FULL OPEN less 15° Angle !!!
6-3 Select "Set Camera"
6-4 In the camera Folder Hit the <Quest> Button
If everithing is OK, the camera will answer and fill the text area of this folder with values.
( if you don't see any answers, check the camera connexions and the RS232 Connexion at COM2)
• 7 Printer Test
7-1 the printer is ON and ready with paper
7-2 Select "Data Base"
7-3 Hit the <PRINT> button from the [Graph IF2BIOM10 4 Sample Folder]
The printout of this folder will be printed
Note : some printers are connected on the parallel port, some other on the USB port (see Printer properties)
• 8 Relay Tests
YOU MUST SET THE FRONT GAS SWITCH ON GAS ON POSITION for the following tests.
8-1 Control the lamp using the <light On> <Light Off> buttons in the GAS CONTROL section of the main folder
8-1 Control the Valves using the <Gas On> <Gas Off> buttons in the GAS CONTROL section of the main folder
You must ear a "click" noise when acting on these buttons
PLACE THE GAS SWITH on GAS OFF position.
• 9 Gas Flow Setup
Open the 3 Tanks , and set the pressure at 1 Bar for each tank.
9-1 The open fully the restrictor situated at the basis of the furnace flow controller.
9-2 Test the 3 flows using the <Gas On> <Gas Off> buttons in the GAS CONTROL section of the main folder)
(in case the use these 3 gases: air, Mixture CO2/H2 or CO/CO2, Nitrogen these flows must be setted at 60 l/h each=
( in case of doing your own mixtures: air at 60l/h , CO2 (N2 entry) at 30l/h , H2 or CO (RE entry) at 30 l/h)
NOTE: The flowmeters delivered with the analyzer give the flow as Air liters/minute . To mesure other gases use the following
corrections factors (multiply the red flow, by the following factors to get the real gas flow)
Air: 1.00
N2 or CO : 1.02
CO2: 0.81
H2: 3.78
• 10 YOUR ANALYZER IS NOW READY TO RUN

10-1 Don't forget that the analyzer is internally secured with a flush of 30l/h of Neutral Gas (N2 or CO2) to
prevent any leakage of H2. But, if your Neutral gas tank becomes empty, the H2 flow, the Air Flow and the lamp will
stop only if the front panel switch is on the GAS OFF position : that is the SECURE POSITION OF THE FRONT PANEL SWITCH.
As requested in the Norms, when using Reducing atmospheres for the ash fusion test, the analyser will start with oxydizing
atmosphere up to the selected Gas On temperature to burn the Dextrin generally added in the pyramid, the will be flushed 4 minutes
with the Neutral Gas, and then the Reducing gas will be allowed to flush in the combustion tube.
Open fully the valve situated at the basis of the furnace flowmeters
If you want to work only with OXYDIZING atmospheres:
IF2000G Page: 8
1- connect the 3 inlets (Ox, Red, N2) in parallel .

2- Set the Ox pressure at 1 bars.(Or less, if you are using an air pump to provide the oxydizing atmosphere, to obtain 60 l/hour)
IMPORTANT When you are working with reducing Atmospheres:

1-The lab must equiped with H2 and/or CO detectors and alarms according the reducing gases used.
IF2000G Page: 9
Working with reducing atmospheres:

•
1- If you have a ready to use mixture CO+CO2 in a bottle:

- connect the tank to the "Red." inlet, adjust the pressure at 1 bar from the tank, and with the help of the "aim and start" folder, acting
on "Gas-on/Gas-off button, you ajust the flow at 30l/h approximatively with the restrictor situated on the "Red." flowmeter on the
front pannel..
In your setup file : Choose Red
Connect a long silicone tube on the outlet (near the thermocouple) and drain the gases to an extractor or directly outside the lab.
This flow is enough to preserve e reducing atmosphere in the tube, and not too dangerous in a ventilated lab if a leakage is occuring
Once that is done, you stop the CO/CO2 flow by acting on "Gas-Off" button.
For the analysis all CO/CO2 tank, N2 tank and, O2 or Air tank must be open.
• 2- If you don't want to use CO+CO2 mixtures ready to use (very expensive in some countries)
You can make your own mixture with the analyzer as follow:
- Connect CO2 to "N2" inlet (CO2 will be considered as the "Neural" gas.
- Connect the CO gas to the "Red" inlet (CO is the reducing gas)
- Open full the restrictor situated on the furnace flowmeter
In your setup file : Choose CO
Adjust the CO and CO2 pressures at 1 bar from the tank, and with the help of the "aim and start" folder, acting on "Gas-on/Gas-off
button for "N2" and "Red" valves, ajust the flow at 30l/h approximatively on the furnace flowmeter with the restrictor situated on the
"Red." flowmeter situated on the analyzer front pannel, act on the "N2" flowmeter beside to increase the total flow up to the aimed
value (ex: 50%-50% mixture)..
After starting a new analysis, don't forget to act on the "N2 on" button, situated on the analyse frame to allow
the CO2 flow during the analysis if you are using a software written before 2008.
• 3- If you don't want to use H2+CO2 mixtures ready to use (very expensive in some countries)
You can make your own mixture with the analyzer as follow:
- Connect CO2 to "N2" inlet (CO2 will be considered as the "Neural" gas.
- Connect the H2 gas to the "Red" inlet (H2 is the reducing gas)
- Open full the restrictor situated on the furnace flowmeter
In your setup file : Choose H2
Adjust the H2 and CO2 pressures at 1 bar from the tank, and with the help of the "aim and start" folder, acting on "Gas-on/Gas-off
button for "N2" and "Red" valves, ajust the flow at 30l/h approximatively on the furnace flowmeter with the restrictor situated on the
"Red." flowmeter situated on the analyzer front pannel, act on the "N2" flowmeter beside to increase the total flow up to the aimed
value (ex: 50%-50% mixture)..
After starting a new analysis, don't forget to act on the "N2 on" button, situated on the analyse frame to allow
the CO2 flow during the analysis if you are using a software written before 2008..
• 4- Choosing a "Gas-On" temperature in the first folder
We recommand to set this temperature at 600°C approximatively, but you can set this temperature at lower level (event ambiant) if
you are sure that your ash don't contain any more carbon products (you have carbon products if you are using dextrin solutions to
stick the ash)
In reducing atmospheres, too much glue mixed with the ashes, can result in C graphitic and no fusion of the sample
IMPORTANT NOTE: For the analyzers manufactured in 2008 or later, an additional security device has been added: when
the front panel selector switch is "GAS OFF" , the gases are ON only if there is pressure in the N2 tank . The delivery of H2
iun the combustion tube is not allowed if this tube has not been purged with N2 .The Neutral gaz (N2 or CO2) is also used to
create an inert atmosphere inside the analytical unit. The flow is approximatively 30l/h to create this atmosphere, and an
IF2000G Page: 10
additional 30l/h flow is sometimes used during the analysis time. The tank containing N2 or CO2 will be the first empty, don't
forget to to close all the tanks when the analyzer is not in use
Security Pressure swith for Neutral gas In reducing mode you can select: Re / H2 /. CO
Carbon Monoxide ppm Effect

0 Optimum level
9 Maximum level indoor
50 Maximum level for a continous exposition during 8 hours
200 Headhache,nausea after 2 or 3 hours
300 Maximum exposition is 15 minutes
400 Front headhache, dizziness, can be lethal in three hour
1600 Front headhache, dizziness, nausea within 20 minutes, can be lethal in one hour
3200 Front headhache, dizziness, nausea within 10 minutes, can be lethal in 30 minutes
CO is very Dangerous
Exposure to high levels of CO for a short period (eg, 350 ppm CO for 30 minutes) causes the same symptoms that prolonged exposure
to low levels (150 ppm for 90 minutes, for example), c ‘is to say of mild headaches.
Effects of cumulative exposure to CO:
CO concentration (ppm *) in air Inhalation time and symptoms

35 ppm Maximum allowable concentration for continuous exposure for 8 hours, according to OSHA *.
150 ppm Slight headache after one hour and a half.
200 ppm Slight headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea after 2-3 hours.
400 ppm Frontal headache after 1-2 hours, endangering life after 3 hours and maximum levels of particles per million in flue gas
according to U.S. Agency for Environmental Protection.
800 ppm Dizziness, nausea and convulsions within 45 minutes. Unconsciousness in less than two hours. Death in 2-3 hours.
1600 ppm Headaches, dizziness and nausea within 20 minutes. Death in less than an hour.
3200 ppm Headaches, dizziness and nausea within 5-10 minutes. Death in 25-30 minutes.
6400 ppm Headaches, dizziness and nausea within 1-2 minutes. Death in 10-15 minutes.
12,800 ppm Death in 1-3 minutes.
IF2000G Page: 11
SHV-IF INSTALLATION
Laboratory requirements before the SHV-IF Installation

If the Analyzer is using CO or H2 gas , a CO or/and H2 alarm(s) must be fixed on the wall near the analyzer, at 1m80 from the
floor, the alarm levels must be set at concentrations according the laws and specifications in the country where the instrument is
installed.
1-SHV-IF Ash fusion system should be placed on a suitably stable surface, the minimum surface dimensions are 100cm width x
60cm depth (Printer excluded) . the room temperature must be less than 35°C, no vibrations , well ventilated.
2- The exhaust gases (CO , H2 ...) must be directed to a hood or outdoors.
3- The connected gases (CO and/or H2 and/or CO2/H2 and or CO/CO2 and N2) are delivered by tanks, equiped with a double stage
pressure regulator to limit the pressure at 1kg/cm2 (1 bar = 15Psi) even when the gas flow is fully stopped by the analyzer
4- The gas supply adaptors situated in the laboratory, must be placed at less than 2.5 meters from the IF2000 analyser and must
be suitable for a connexion with a 4 mm outer diameter teflon flexible tube
5- The Furnace is connected to a power supply able to deliver up to 10 Amps, 220-240Vac 50/60Hz 1 phase. The customer must
provide the male plug adapted to the wall socket.
6- The analytical unit SHV-IF is connected to a separate power supply able to deliver up to 3 Amps, 220-240Vac 50/60Hz 1 phase.
The customer must provide the male plug adapted to the wall socket. the continuous analysis time is more than one hour, in case of
unstable electrical installations with power cuts, the IF2000 unit must be connected to an uniterruptible power supply delivering
220Vac, 500 Watts
Required Gases (common quality) in premixed reducing mode: CO/CO2 50%/50% premixed regulated at 15Psi -or- H2/CO2
50%/50% premixed regulated at 15Psi -and- N2 regulated at 15 Psi
IF2000G Page: 12
Required Gases (common quality) in common reducing mode:: CO and CO2 regulated at 15 Psi -or- H2 and CO2 regulated at 15
Psi
Required Gases (common quality) in common oxidizing mode::No gas is required for IF2000 Systems, an attached air pump is
driven by the software. With SHV-IF system the air pump must be manually started/stopped
Step to step SHV-IF installation procedure

• 1- SAFETY
Set all the ON/OFF on switches (Main Unit (Rear and Front switches OFF), Furnace (Front OFF, rear ON), Printer)
• 2- Electrical connexions:
2-1 Using the 3 branch cord, connect in parallel mode: Analytical Unit, Screen, Printer (220-240VAC 50/60Hz, 4Amps plug)
2-2 The furnace is connected on a separate power line (220-240Vac 50/60Hz 12 Amps plug)
2-3 Connect the peripheral devices with the specific cables (Camera, Printer, Screen, Mouse, Analyser-Furnace interconnexion)
2.4 Remove the ceramic tube placed for the furnace transport, fit the Fusion tube from the rear panel, connect the thermocouple,
connect the exhaust tube (gas are directed outdor or to a hood)
2-5 Plug the Silicone Lamp at the rear of the furnace .
2-6 Connect the furnace communication RS232 to COM1, connect camera communication to COM2 and the camera power
connector
• 3 Gas connexions
3-1 From Analytical unit output to the furnace Input
3-2 From the tanks to the analyzer unit
Note: Air to OX input (OXidizing)
CO2/H2 (Carbon dioxide/Hydrogen) , or CO (Carbon monoxide) alone, or H2(Hydrogen) alone to RE input (REducing)
N2 (Nitrogen) , or CO2 (Carbon dioxide) to N2 (Neutral)
• 4 POWER ON
Switch ON : Analytical Unit, Screen , Printer The Administrator password is:...
5 Electrical Tests
5-1 Select "1 Set NORM"
5-2 Hit the SET NORM Button
Control: A small led is blinking (1/second) on the front of the 2416 Eurotherm controller (communication indication)
• 6 Devices Test
6-1 TEMPERATURE
6-1 Select "Set Regulation" and hit <Get Temperature> button
If the thermocouple connexion is OK, you can read the furnace temperature in the text box below the button
6-2 CAMERA
THE MECHANICAL APERTURE OF THE CAMERA MUST BE FULL OPEN less 15° Angle !!!, it is setted before the
shipment
6-3 Select "Set Camera"
6-4 In the camera Folder Hit the <Quest> Button
If everithing is OK, the camera will answer and fill the text area of this folder with values.
( if you don't see any answers, check the camera connexions and the RS232 Connexion at COM2)
• 7 Printer Test
7-1 the printer is ON and ready with paper
7-2 Select "Data Base"
7-3 Hit the <PRINT> button from the [Graph IF2BIOM10 4 Sample Folder]
The printout of this folder will be printed
Note : some printers are connected on the parallel port, some other on the USB port (see Printer properties)
• 8 Relay Tests
YOU MUST SET THE FRONT GAS SWITCH ON GAS ON POSITION for the following tests.
8-1 Control the lamp using the <light On> <Light Off> buttons in the GAS CONTROL section of the main folder
8-1 Control the Valves using the <Gas On> <Gas Off> buttons in the GAS CONTROL section of the main folder
You must ear a "click" noise when acting on these buttons
• 9 Gas Flow Setup

Open the 3 Tanks , and set the pressure at 1 Bar for each tank.
IF2000G Page: 13
Consumables and spares

IF2 20P Window for IF2000/SHVIF 908-1 KIT - High temperature Ceramic Glue
Analyzer This 2 components glue is used to repair the fusion
Generally, you can clean this window with trays or to stick the gold or the palladium wire for
soap and water . Some analyzed products the thermocouple control. You can use this glue up
containing large amounts of fluoride can to 1850C Mix 100parts of powder and 33 parts of
liquid, stirr.
IF2 312A - Alumina fusion trays 12x18x1.5mm (100
pieces)
IF2 600 - Dextrin glue
These alumina trays are used for the fusion of one
sample only. (ISO cube, or ASTM pyramid). The This glue (dextrose suggar in a water solution) is used to
no-porous structure is important for the determination of stick the sample on the trays . The dextrin, is destroyed at
the hemispheriacal point and fluid point. A small bore low temperature, and is very usefull with large pyramid
can help you for the management of the fused ashes . samples.
IF2 313CNC - Biomass fusion trays 18x12mm (100 IF2 GRID Ni-Chromium Grid
pieces) This grid is delivered as a 45mm x
These trays are use for the fusion of one or two 45mm square (20x20 mesh), after
samples (Cylinder or pyramid) especially with CEN bending the corners it is placed
cylinders 3ww x 3 mm. The special quality of this inside the combustion tube near
ceramic as a particular influence one the determination the closed end. The use of this grid
of the fluid point (no absorption of matter) . id recommended . The total
aperture is 52% .You add a quartz
felt strip (540 F036) between the
IF2 325C2 - Alumina double fusion trays (1 00pcs) grid and the tube to limit the dark
These trays 38x30x1.5mm, made of no-porous deposit inside the fusion tube
alumina, are very convenient when you are
performingup to 4 simultaneous analysis with the
IF2000F/G ash fusion analyzer. You can also use
them in simultaneous analysis with a reference sample
(GBW 11114 or VS7-001) or a reference metal (Gold IF2 NA1 Plastic dishes 44x44mm/250
or Palladium) to control the temperature. These dishes are used for the ash preparation
. The ash is wetted with pure alcool in place
of water content products, to avoid the
dissolution of oxides like Na2O or K2O, in
close relationship with the ash melting
temperature.
IFS 075 Combustion for IF2000F/G

This pure no-porous alumina closed combustion tube is used on
521 010K Silicon Carbide Heating Elements IF2000F/G up to 1550C . If you want to analyze at higher
These Heating Elements are used with IF2000-FCA Furnace for Coal Ash fusion temperatures, it’s more convenient to add the “IF2 GRID” grid in the
tests, the maximum temperature inside the tube will be 1500°C. bottom.
ASSOCIATED CLAMPS: 13A 101 , 13A 101G
IF2 S075D Silicone stopper Holder 20W for IF2000G

OBE
This silcone stooper with an embedded lamp 20W
(223 320) is used with the OBE tube IF2 S075B 521 010C Chromite Heating Elements
espacially when analysing small samples (CEN
These heating elements made of Lanthanum chromite , used in IRF1600F/G
shapes)
furnaces at high temperature. The surface temperature can reach 1700-1750C
so the samples can reach 1600C inside the main combustion tube. Because of
IF2 F004G Sliding tray for Fusions their physical properties , rotate each element of 180° angle every 6 monthes.
You are allowed to change only one element on 4 (the resistivity remains
This sliding tray is used in conjunction with the constant)
gas delivery tube IF2 F004C and the
thermocouple tube IF2 F004D for pyramid
samples (ASTM) in IF2000G Analyser (up to 4
pyramids simultaneoulsely)
IF2 210 - ASTM and ISO bronze mold

This mold is used to manufacture ASTM pyramids (triangle base 6mm, hight 19 mm and one side perpendicular to the base). You
can also manufacture 3x3mm ISO cylinder, very convenient to use when the level of ashes is low in the original biomass fuel. We
recommand to use alcool as wetting agent because this organic product don’t dissolve K2O and Na2O.
IF2000G Page: 14
IF2 GRID4 Silica wool diffusing disc

406 9586 Cyanoacylate adhesive
This Silica wool disc plate is used inside open both
This very quick adhesive is used to stick the ceramic
ends fusion tube , placed between the lamp and the
bridge ad the ceramic fusion tray with the sliding tray
NiCr Grid
prior the analysis. This adhesive is destroyed during the
RELATED Products: IF2 GRID3, IF2 S075B, IF2 heating of the furnace
S075E,233 364
IF2 336 Alumina 99..8 Bridge

This special tray is used with IF2000G/F to perform 4
simultaneous ash fusion analysis using CEN norms
(Samples 3mm x 3mm). The special zirconia-yttria
trays IF2 312CNC are generally used for biomass ash
fusions.
IF2 S075B Open both end fusion tube

This tube is used for fusion tests with pyramids and truncated pyramids
RELATED Products: IF2 GRID3, IF2 S075B, IF2 S075E,IF2 S075F,233 364
IFTPF 231 Grid for IF2000F/ASTM
This grid is used in COE tubes, especially

when running large samples (ASTM,
BRITISH, AUST)
IF2 S075FCA 50W illuminator IF2000FCA COE
This illuminator is used with open fusion tubes when

determining ash fusion of ASTM shapes
IF2 312CNC - Ceramic fusion trays 18x12x0.5

RELATED Products: IF2 GRID3, IF2 S075B, IF2
(100 pieces)
S075F
These zirconia-yttria trays are use for the fusion
of one or two samples (Cylinder ,Cube or pyramid)
especially with CEN cylinders 3ww x 3 mm. The
233 320 20W illuminator replacement lamp OBE special quality of this ceramic as a particular influ-
ence one the determination of the hemispherial
point and the fluid point (no absorption of matter) .
This illuminator is used with open fusion tubes, inside Very convenient if you need to analyse the ash af-
the silicone stopper, when determining ash fusion of ter the fusion.
small size shapes (ex 3mmx 3mm ) in CEN
RELATED Products: IF2 GRID, IF2 S075B, IF2

S075F,IF2 S075E
IF2 S075E PTFE diffusing filter
IF2 BC3010 Micro spatula (L=100mm )

This diffusing material is used in contact with the 20W
illuminator when analyzing small samples (CEN)
RELATED Products: IF2 GRID, IF2 S075B, IF2
S075F,233 320
IF2 BC3300 Spatula for poxders (L=130mm)
IF2 BC3445 Flexible spatula

1099 0795 Silicon glue
This silicon glue is stable up to 250°C and used to seal 233 320, or 233 364
illuminators with IF2 S075F Stopper / holder
IF2000G Page: 15
521 011C Aluminium flat wire 521 011B Clamp for Chromite Heating Elements
This flat aluminium wire is used to connect the 521 010C heating element with This clamp is used to connect the 521 010C (20 mm
the clamp 521 011B diameter) heating element with the alunimium flat
wire 521 011C
IF2 F004C Alumina tube OBE

This “Open Both End” alumina tube is the right part of the IF2 F004 composite
tray , used for the gas exhaust . You can use the ceramic glue IF2 331 (2
components alumina glue) to repair the composite tray
188 8110 - Quick fuse protector

This special 25A fuse is used inside the
IRF1600F furnace to protect the power
controller.
IF2 303E Measure Thermocouple
IF2 RINGSET - Set of O’Ring for IF2000

IF2 F004D Alumina tube COE
This set includes: 2x 129 016 (O’ring for
Thermocouple), 1x 320 060 (O’Ring for This “Close One End” alumina tube is the left part of the IF2 F004 composite
Window), 1x 5674 353 (O’Ring for external tray , used for the IF2 303E thermocouple .
combustion Tube), 1 245 9561if (Viton flat
ring)
IF2 5160 - Gold wire standard (0.5mm x

50cm)
For the thermocouple calibration We
propose the following metal standards:
IF2 5160 Gold wire 0.5mm x 50 cm
IF2 5146 Palladium Standard 0.5mm x
50 cm
IF2 5171 Nickel wire 0.5mm x 100 cm
Note: The Nickel standard can be used
only in reducing atmospheres
IF2 N2KIT Security KIT for Neutral Gas

The New IF2000 models is able to mix H2/CO2 or CO2/CO as reducing gases.
When you perform ash fusion tests under reducing atmospheres, the fusion tube
must be flushed with inert gas before to use reducing gas. If the inert gas tank
12G 020PB Pump & Housing for IF2000G is empty, the CO2/H2 mixture is no allowed to flush to avoid explosive
This small pump, driven by the IF2000G atmospheres in a hot tube containing air or oxygen when you introduce
software, can provide the air atmosphere the hydrogen.
the oxidizing ash fusion test
GBW 11114 Ash fusion reference material

Ash Fusion reference material, containing Iron oxide, so the
fusion temperatures are quite different in reducing and in
oxydizing atmospheres
IF2 DCOH CO & H2 level indicator

Initial Softening hemisphere fluid
Reducing This very sensitiv indicator,can be
1120°C 1210°C 1230°C 1280°C placed anywhere in the room where
is working the ash fusion analyzer.
Oxidizing The indication is relation with the
1290°C 1370°C 1390°C 1400°C most dangerous gas you can find in a
lab: CnH2n, CO, H2
IF2000G Page: 16
SPECIFIC PARTS FOR SHV-IF ANALYZERS
MoSi2 Heating Element
IF2000G Page: 17
Standards ready to use (coal ashes)

Ashes for ash fusion test
NOTE: These coal ashes fusion points have been determined using norms for coal, the definition of the fusion points for biomass
materials is a little bit different . The hemisphere point definition can be used as comparison point for most norms.
GBW11114 or NCS-FS91001 (35 g Norm GB/T Equivalent ISO) REM: very convenient for astmosphere quality control
during an ash fusion test, but big inflation of the sample during fusion
NCS-FS91001 according GB/T equiv ISO Reducing atmosphere Oxidizing Atmosphere
DEFORMATION 1120°C 1290°C
SPHERE 1210°C 1370°C
HEMISPHERE 1230°C 1390°C
FLOW 1280°C 1400°C
35 g Ashes REM: convenient for astmosphere quality control during an ash fusion test, and for the corner and automatic
shape recognition
GBW 11124 according GB/T equiv ISO Reducing atmosphere Oxidizing Atmosphere Strong Oxidizing Atmosphere
DEFORMATION 1054°C 1256°C 1297°C
SPHERE 1092°C 1311°C 1339°C
HEMISPHERE 1160°C 1328°C 1348°C
FLOW 1191°C 1347°C 1363°C
100g Ashes REM: convenient for high temperature test and astmosphere quality control , but quick fusion
ASRM 010 according ASTM Reducing atmosphere Oxidizing Atmosphere
DEFORMATION 1256+-79°C 1320+-104°C
SPHERE 1372+-56°C 1429+-33°C
HEMISPHERE 1393+-60°C 1438+-29°C
FLOW 1443+-61°C 1467+-31°C
15 g Ashes REM: convenient for temperature control at 1000-1200°C range , very quick fusion in oxydizing atmosphere
VS7-001 according ASTM Reducing atmosphere Oxidizing Atmosphere
DEFORMATION 1132°C +-7 1181°C +-9
SPHERE 1144°C +-5 1197°C +-5
HEMISPHERE 1158°C +-7 1207°C +-8
FLOW 1179°C +-11
SHV-IFF Page: 19
Consumables and spares
IF2 331 - High temperature Ceramic Glue IF2 5160 - Gold wire standard (0.5mm x 50cm)
This 2 components glue is used to repair the For the thermocouple calibration We propose the
fusion trays or to stick the gold or the palladium following metal standards:
wire for the thermocouple control. You can use
this glue up to 1850C Mix 100parts of powder IF2 5160 Gold wire 0.5mm x 50 cm
and 33 parts of liquid, stirr. IF2 5146 Palladium Standard 0.5mm x 50 cm
IF2 5171 Nickel wire 0.5mm x 100 cm Note: The
Nickel standard can be used only in reducing atmo-
spheres
IF2 20P Window for SHVIF & SHV-IFF E2250 Ni-Chromium Grid
Analyzer This grid is delivered as a 23 mm diameter (20x20
Generally, you can clean this window with mesh), after bending the corners it is placed inside
soap and water . Some analyzed products con- the combustion tube near the lamp. The use of this
taining large amounts of fluoride can attack it, in grid id recommended for all the softwares later
this case you must exchange it. IF2BIOMA02.EXE. The total aperture is 52% .
SHV TIF1 Silicon obturator for SHV-IF IF2 NA1 Plastic dishes 44x44mm/250
This obturatotor is used to maintain the These dishes are used for the ash prep-
lamp, the window and the diffuser aration . The ash is wetted with pure
alcool in place of water content products,
to avoid the dissolution of oxides like
Na2O or K2O, in close relationship with
the ash melting temperature.
IF2 312CNC - Ceramic fusion trays 520 073SHV10 Combustion for

18x12x0.5 (100 pieces) SHV-IF
These zirconia-yttria trays are use for the fu- This no-porous alumina OBE com-
sion of one or two samples (Cylinder ,Cube or bustion tube is used on SHV-FUR up
pyramid) especially with CEN cylinders 3ww x to 1550C . The thermocouple and the
3 mm. The special quality of this ceramic as a exhaust gas tubes are sticken inside
particular influence one the determination of this fusion tube
the hemispherial point and the fluid point (no
absorption of matter) . Very convenient if you
need to analyse the ash after the fusion.
IF2 S075CSHV - Halogen Lamp D28 200 MS1 Heating Element MoSi2 +
This 20W 12V lamp is molded in a silicon Casing
ring. A E2250 Chromium grid is placed in con- This device contains the MoSi2
tact with the lamp, insidethe silicon ring heating Element, the high grade ce-
ramic and the metal casing. Be
carefull when replacing this element:
MoSi2 is fragile like glass at room
temperature.
520 073SHV13 Sliding tray IF2 210 - ASTM and ISO bronze mold
This mold is used to manufacture ASTM
Place your zirconia tray on this ceramic pyramids (triangle base 6mm, hight 19 mm
spoon and slide it inside the combustion tube and one side perpendicular to the base).
(the spoon handle must be 5mm inside the You can also manufacture 3x3mm ISO cyl-
combustion tube) inder, very convenient to use when the
level of ashes is low in the original bio-
mass fuel. We recommand to use alcool
as wetting agent because this organic
product don’t dissolve K2O and Na2O.
SHV-IFF Page: 20
IF2000G Page: 21
QUICK ANALYSIS
The operations
1- Place the samples on the trays

2- Place the square tray on the furnace tray (you can stick the ceramic parts together with cyanolite glue to avoid the slippages)
3- Push the furnace tray into the combustion tube.
4- Close the furnace*
5- Open all the gases .Control the gas switch selector “OFF”
6-Use “Set Norm” function to select your norm and click <Set Norm> button to validate
IF2000G Page: 22
7-Use “Aim and START” function to set the measure frame around the sample
8- Use <Light on> button to see the sample (If the quartz window at the camera side is dirty, the image will
decrease in quality and in precision). Use Zoom and Focus on the camera objective the adapt the sample and
the view area. Use the <Camera Set> option, select a correct shutter speed, if you need to adjust the brightness of the picture
9- Place the frame around the sample, without including any other “black” areas that the sample and his tray.
Remember that the inflation of the cubic and the cylindrical shapes is generally important with coal ash , and the sample must
never go outside the measure frame during an analysis.
You select the frame for Sample1 or the frame for Sample2 with a mouse-click on the button
10- Write the Code Number in the [ID1] box or/and ID2 box
11- The left main switch of the furnace is ON (main, heating and drive switches). The right selector is "EXT"
IF2000G Page: 23
12- Click on <Start Analysis> button
13- The connected printer must be ON LINE
IMPORTANT NOTE: If you adjust only the initial frame, without using the <Sample 2> button, the analyze will be processed only
with one sample.
The results
The results are printed and stored in a Data Base when the furnace reach the final temperature (generally
1450°C)
The “fusion film” of a selection of 30 picture in a choosen interval is also printed . An other film 5°C by 5°C is always automatically
stored in the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM directory

The individual pictures are stored in subdirectory named BMP with the temperature as part of the name .
Note: A new analysis will overprint these pictures unless you rename them.
IF2000G Page: 24
POSITIONING THE SAMPLE

Setting the measure frame
1-Correct Frame
YES YES YES

DIN example2-example of frames
INCORRECT INCORRECT MAGNIFICATION

MAGNIFICATION ACCEPTABLE SHARPNESS
INCORRECT SHARPNESS ARRANGEMENT
ARRANGEMENT FOCUS-MAGNIFICATION
FOCUS-MAGNIFICATION
NO NO
IF2000G Page: 25
1- To Select the norm

Prior any analysis , you must always select the norm.
In this setup, you can also change and memorize the parameters in association with a selected norm.
Example: CEN at 10°C per minute, le temperature ramp will start at 400°C, stop at 1500°C, the OXIDIZNG atmosphere will start at
400°C, The inversion temperature is set at 900°C In the following example: ASTM at 5°C per minute, le temperature ramp will start
at 360°C, stop at 1500°C, the REDUCING atmosphere will start at 800°C, The inversion temperature is set at 820°C Example: ISO at
10°C per minute, le temperature ramp will start at 510°C, stop at 1470°C, the OXIDIZING atmosphere will start at 500°C, The
inversion temperature is set at 850°C1 - To select a norm
With a mouse "click" on the selected line of the " Norm" box
2- To change a parameter
- select a norm
- enter the new value in the "one line" box under the parameter list
- click <Accept modification> button
Note: Some values are unacceptable, the program will reject these values.
3 - To memorize the new parameters

When you quit this folder by " SET NORM" button, the parameters are automatically memorized.
4- To send the ramp profile to the regulator

- click < SET NORM> , the button will change with < PLEASE WAIT>
During this step, the system is sending the selected ramp to the temperature controller. This step can takes few seconds, because of a
secured MODBUS protocol used to communicate with the regulator. You can observe a light blinking of the values on the Micocor
regulator, during the exchange of data.
5-In case of difficulties at this step:

You must check these points/
- Is the controller in "RUN" mode (You cannot change a temperature profile during a temperature cycle)
-Is the controller in " MANUAL MODE" ? . The manual mode must Off .
6- IMPORTANT information concerning the atmosphere

You can perform an analysis under oxidant atmosphere (air), but even in this case a flow must pass in the furnace tube. The samples
and the ceramics are not always dry, water can condense on the windows and the resulting image can be poor and in some cases in a
particular temperature ramge the sample can “disappear”.
6-1 If oxydizing atmosphere (OX) has been selected for the Test : the "air" flow will start at "°C GAS ON" selected temperature and
stop at the end of the analysis.
6-2 If reducing atmosphere (RE) has been selected for the test: the following gas sequence will flow through the furnace tube
IF2000G Page: 26
6-2-1 Air (OX) will flow up to "°C GAS ON" temperature

6-2-2 Air (OX) will be stopped. Neutral gas (N2) will flow during 4 minutes
6-2-3 Neutral gaz (N2) is stopped.
6-2-4 Reducing gas mixture (CO2/H2 or CO2/CO) will flow through the furnace tube up to the end of the analysis
6-2 If reducing atmosphere (H2) has been selected for the test: the following gas sequence will flow through the furnace tube
6-2-2 Air (OX) will be stopped. Neutral gas (CO2) will flow alone during 4 minutes
6-2-3 Reducing gas (H2) will flow simultaneousely with "Neutral " (CO2) through the furnace tube up to the end of the analysis
6-2 If reducing atmosphere (CO) has been selected for the test: the following gas sequence will flow through the furnace tube
6-2-2 Air (OX) will be stopped. Neutral gas (CO2) will flow alone during 4 minutes
6-2-3 Reducing gas (CO) will flow simultaneousely with "Neutral " (CO2) through the furnace tube up to the end of the analysis
Be sure, before to run an analysis in RE, or H2, or CO mode, than the tank containing the "Neutral gas" (N2 or CO2) is not
empty .To be absolutly secure on this point, with analysers manufactured in 2008 or later, set the front panel switch on GAS
OFF position : the gases will be allowed to flow through the system only if the Neutral gaz pressure is present . (the IF2 N2KIT
Security KIT for Neutral Gas is allaready installed)
IF2000G Page: 27
The 30 pictures printed in a selectable temperature range
In the upper right corner of the frame, before the analysis, select the “PICT 1" and ”PICT 29" temperatures.
This temperature range will be cut in 30 points, and 30 pictures will be printed and stored in
C:\IF2EURO\BMP\" directory.
The pictures of the fusion points
At the end of the analysis, the curves are printed, and the real time pictures for the main fusion points are
shown .With this software, the temperatures are not automatically written in the database. The points reported in the
database are computed using the same process than this used in the previous software . These pictures are
stored in the directory “C:\IF2EURO\BMP\” with the “.bmp” name written under the pictures. They can be erased
by a new analysis, unless they are renamed. The name of each picture is a combination of the specific point and
the temperature at witch the picture has been proceed .
In this folder, each of the 5 pictures can be shown in larger resolution, using a mouse “click” on the small
one, and printed using the “Print” Button.
IF2000G Page: 28
Example for an analysis of one Cube or Cylinder

ISO accepts different shapes for the fused samples . IF2000G performs the analysis of one cube (3mm x 3 mm x 3 mm) or cylinder .
The samples is placed at the middle of the tray , and the magnification optimized for the best determination of the corners.
The system will recognize the sample and the "INITIAL POINT" will be detected in according the initial shape (Corner deformation)
A: the bright square indicates how must be set the measure frame for the sample
IMPORTANT NOTE: if your sample can inflate during the analysis, you must place the measure frame in the way that the sample
will never be seen outside this measure frame
SECONDARY NOTE: If you observe during the analysis that the sample can move outside the measure frame, you can, with
precautions, move or/and increase the frame around the sample during the analysis
After the temperature of "°C INVERSION POINT" selected in the "Set Norm" frame (generally 700°C) , the lamp is turned off, and
the correct setting of the camera will automatically send to this device (shutter and gain values can be observed in the "C" box.
At this time the system will perform a recognition of the initial shapes and writes the names of the shapes in the D and E boxes. The
system can recognize Cubes or cylinders, sharp pyramids, truncated pyramids, wires.
This recognition is performed after 750°C and stopped after 900°C.
At 750°C the system makes the first picture of the sample, and turns the F area in blue color.
The system is now measuring the corners to find the "Initial point" .
How to set the system for the determination of the "INITIAL POINT".
With a cubic or a cylindrical sample, the "INITIAL POINT" is the point when you can observe the first sign of rounding of the
corners (edges).
Naturally according the initial magnification and the initial geometrical quality of your shape, this point can be found with more or
less precision.
In this above case, the Cylindrical sample is middle small because of the use of a magnification to observe the 2 samples, we
recommend to set the "Initial Sensitivity" value at 6 or 7, because the initial corners are made with a good initial quality
In the case of a use a "poor" edged sample, we recommend to set the "Initial Sensitivity" value at 3 or 4 .
Note: this value can be set a 7 or 8 with a well formed cylindrical or cubic shape alone in association with a important magnification ,
and this way is the better way to obtain reproducibility and quality with the determination of the "Initial point".
We recommend to set " Initial Sensitivity" value with the help of the G button when you can observe the quality of the initial shape,
and in all the cases, before to reach the initial point.
The quality of the corners can be jugged in accordance with the "Corner Index" value computed in the H box. A good cylinder or cube
has an original corner index above 89 points
1310°C for the initial deformation of this sample (Sensitivity=4)
IF2000G Page: 29
The "Initial deformation" point is in relation with the "Initial Sensitivity " value ( set at 4) , in this example, if you think that the Initial
Deformation is set to far, set the "Initial Sensitivity" value at 6, 7 or 8 or more for the next analysis made in the same initial conditions
(magnification and quality of initial shape)
When the initial point has been determined, the I box with the top line drawing of the sample turns in green.
To help you for recording the "First sign of rounding" with a reel value, IF2000G records the rounding index of the shape and stores
it as a curve in the data base. In this example you can extract the following curve from the database and, you can see that, according
the "Initial Sensitivity" set, the initial deformation could be computed between 1230°C (Sensitivity=9 and 1310°C Sensitivity=0) .
Once your "Initial Sensitivity" has been chosen, you must perform the future analysis with the same value and approximatively the
same magnification.
1313°C the sphere point is detected
IF2000G Page: 30
The I box with the top line of sample 1 drawing turns in yellow
1315°C the hemisphere point is detected

The I box with the top line of sample 1 drawing turns in orange
1338°C the flow point is detected
IF2000G Page: 31
The I box with the top line of the sample turns in red
End of analysis: the pictures and fusion curves are printed
IF2000G Page: 32
IF2000G Page: 33
Example for a simultaneously analysis of two Cubes

or Cylinders
ISO accepts different shapes for the fused samples . IF2000G accepts simultaneously to perform the analysis with 2 cubes (3mm x 3
mm x 3 mm) or cylinders .
The distance between the 2 samples must be at least 8 mm, and the magnification optimized for the best determination of the corners.
The system will recognize the 2 samples and the "INITIAL POINT" will be detected in according the initial shape (Corner
deformation)
A: the bright square indicates how must be set the measure frame for the left sample
B: the bright square indicates how must be set the measure frame for right
The system is now measuring the corners and the tips to find the "Initial point" .
corners (edges).
less precision.
In this above case, the Cylindrical sample is middle small because of the use of a magnification to observe the 2 samples, we
recommend to set the "Initial Sensitivity" value at 4 or 5, because the initial corners are made with a good initial quality
IF2000G Page: 34
1287°C and 1290°C for the initial deformation of these 2 shapes

1321°C the sphere point of sample 2 is detected
IF2000G Page: 35
1323°C the hemisphere point of sample 2 is detected
1323°C the sphere point of sample 1 is detected

IF2000G Page: 36
1325°C the hemisphere point of sample 1 is detected

1346°C and 1347°C the flow points of 1 and 2 are detected

The I box with the top line of the sample turns in red
IF2000G Page: 37
IF2000G Page: 38
Example for simultaneously analysis of a Cube and

a Pyramid
ISO accepts different shapes for the fused samples . IF2000G accepts simultaneously to perform the analysis with a cube (3 mm x 3
mm) and a pyramid ( 6x6x19 mm) . We don't recommend this simultaneous determination, because the resolution on the 3 mm x 3
mm sample is to small in conjunction with an optimized magnification of the pyramid .
The distance between the 2 samples must be at least 14 mm
The system will recognize the 2 kinds of samples and the "INITIAL POINT" will detected in two different ways according the initial
shape (Corner deformation or tip deformation)
A: the bright square indicates how must be set the measure frame for the square sample
B: the bright square indicates how must be set the measure frame for the pyramid
IF2000G Page: 39
The system is now measuring the corners and the tips to find the "Initial point" .
corners (edges). For a pyramid, this point is the point with the first sign of rounding of the tip.
less precision.
In this above case, the Cylindrical sample is small because of the use of a small magnification, we recommend to set the "Initial
Sensitivity" value at 2, because the initial corners are not too bad molded.
1276°C initial point for the pyramid
IF2000G Page: 40
1323°C initial point for the cylinder

Here below, the determination of the initial point for the cylinder.
When the spherical point is determined, the I box turns in yellow.

1325°C Spherical point for the cylinder
IF2000G Page: 41
Here below the determination of the spherical point for the cylinder.
1328°C Hemispherical point for the cylinder

When the hemispherical point is determined, the I box turns in orange.
Here below the hemispherical point for the cylinder.
1333°C Spherical point for the pyramid
IF2000G Page: 42
Here below the determination of the spherical point for the pyramid
1334°C Hemispherical point for the pyramid

Here below the hemispherical point for the pyramid is also determined
1349°C Fusion point for the cylinder

1356°C fusion point for the pyramid
Now the system is waiting for the fusion point ( 1/3 rd of the height at hemispherical state)
IF2000G Page: 43
When the fusion point is determined, the I box turns in red
IF2000G Page: 44
RFD products (ASTM E953-88)

The refuse-derived fuels are classified in 7 categories:
1- Waste used as fuel
2- Coarse waste paricules with or without ferrous metal
3- Fuel from municipal solid waste (MSN)
4- Combustible waste passing through a 10 mesh screen
5- Pressed waste as pellets, briquettes ...
6- Waste as liquid fuels
7- Waste as gaseous fuel
The ashing is made between 800°C and 900°C, the starting product is a milled RDF passed through a 0.02 in. Sieve and molded as a
19 mm pyramid with help of a 10% solution of dextrin in water.
The temperature control is made under reducing atmosphere with Gold (1063°C) and Nickel (1452°C)
Selected Norm: ASTM (E953-88)
The temperature ramp is 8°C/Mn ("°C/Mn Ramp")
The "°C Gaz On" is Set at 750°C
°C Start = 400°C and °C Stop=1470°C (°C Inversion 900°C with a Grid)
NOTE: Atmosphere selection is critical for RDF
Reducing: mixture 60% CO + 40% CO2 (Certified analyses of each gas cylinder is recommended)
Oxidizing: Dry air
Neutral: N2
Reducing ,Oxidizing and Neutral Flow: 1.3 furnace volume / mn so for IF2000G furnace : 1 l/mn (60 l/hour)
NOTE: The Neutral Flow is automatically turned ON during 3 minutes before the inlet of the reducing atmosphere into the furnace. A
part is also injectd into the Analyzer box, as protective atmosphere.
Composite tray: IF2 F005
Refractory support for fusions: IF2 325E
IF2000G analyzer includes a program working on recommandations of ASTM E953-88 (reapproved 2004)
For this ASTM norm you must use the cone mold and exchange the ISO tray and fusion plate with these below:
IF2000G Page: 45
IF2000G Page: 46
SAMPLES SETTING
Here below, you can see the mean magnification and the correct image to obtain before to start an analysis:
When the light is ON, measure frames and magnification must bet sett When the light is automatically turned OFF, the measure
approximatively like this above picture frames must include only the samples and the background
(not the white external ring)
The upper line of the frame is moving up or down, following the expansion or the shrinkage of the analyzed sample.
If during an analysis the measure frame is accidentally moved (shock on the camera or action on the camera tray), you can replace
them by using the mouse.
The printed paper at the end of the analysis The printed pictures at the end of the analysis , interval
temperature divided by 30 (the film 5°C by 5°C is placed ind
C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM directory)
IF2000G Page: 47
Biomass Products and CEN Norm

Bio-mass which is a renewable fuel is a direct result of photosynthesis conversion. Biomass products are various : straw , wood , rice
husk, coconut shell etc.,. One of the characteristics for a use is the "ash fusion temperature". Most of the biomass ashes have lower
ash fusion temperature than common coal ashes . The first purpose of these fuels is to produce steam at high pressure (as high as the
biomass fuel can produce). The actual furnaces can produce steam between 350°C and 550°C, that means that the ash fusion of the
used biomass could be between 700°C and 1100°C.
IF2000G is working between 200°C and 1600°C to measure the ash Fusibility the biomass products . (The other analyzers in
competition are measuring between 700°C and 1600°C or 900° and 1600°C).
The ISO biomass program is working in light different way of the coal ash program. Often, these products are not fusing like coal
ashes but , lightly similar to brown coals (before fusion, the loss in matter (K2O.., is important). The results are not similar of these
obtained during a quick fusion, but the reproducibility with IF2000G , allows correlations with what you observe in the furnace.
In comparison with the coal or the coke ashes, the renewable biomass ashes have these characteristics:
Analyte Coal or coke ash Biomass ash

Sio2 50% 80-90%
Fe2O3 >5% <2%
Al2O3 20% <2%
K2O 2% 2%
The consequences on the fusion assay are:

- The fusion temperature is lower for some biomass ashes, but some other can stay still unfused at 1600°C!!
- The relationship between atmosphere (oxidizing / reducing) and fusion temperature is less important with the use of biomass ashes
than with coal.
- The loss of oxide matter during the biomass ash fusion has more consequences on the fusions point determination.
For these above reasons, on some biomass ashes, the initial point determination is more important to know that the other fusions
points. The definition of “first sign of rounding” for the corners or the tip is too unprecise for an automatic analyzer, so, with IF2000G
the rounding of the corners is recorded during the analysis. The user can set a “Sensitivity” value for an automatic determination
during the analysis or, use the recorded curves in the database to compute this particular point.
With our experience, we can observe that the determined initial point is more sensitive with the use of a “DIN shape” (Cube or
cylinder) that with the use of a sharp pyramid (ASTM). The main reason is that with a cube or a cylinder we can compute on two
corners in place of only one tip with a sharp pyramid.
In comparison with the standard ash fusion test, the fusion software for the biomass ashes works between 350°C and 1200°C (in
place of 750°C to 1600°C) , the observation is made in “Light ON” mode during the test.
IF2000G Page: 48
Example of a printout for biomass ashes:
IF2000G Page: 49
BIOMASS Software 200°C-1600°C (actual)

The main differences with the normal coal ash software are:
- the dimensions (width, height, rounding, temperature ) are recorded from 100°C up to 1600°C
- the standard printout is from 500°C 1550°C , but we can make printout of the curves from 100°C .
- The frame base and the frame bottom are following de changes in height of the sample
- Some little changes must be done for the use of this software:
A) An internal infrared filter must be added inside the camera (if the IF2000G camera don't have one actually the reference of this
filter is IF2 S10B)
B) In some furnaces always working at temperature < 1450°C (That doesn't concern the furnaces working with Lanthanum chromite
heating elements) , a infrared screen must be added inside the combustion tubes especially for the measurement below 500°C (code:
IF2 SCREEN).
You will find also below, some results obtained with the BE 340 Biomass Ash, and VS7 standard coal ash . BE340 seem to be very
heterogeneous in granulometry .
Initial point (oxidizing): 1120-1140 °C
Sphere point (ox) : 1140-1150°C Hemispherical point (ox): 1160-1170°C Flow (ox): 1195-1205°C (see restrictions concerning
homogeneity)
IF2000G Page: 50
BE340 Grinded
Example of the fusion behavior on BE340 after grinding
IF2000G Page: 51
VS7 coal standard used with ISO recommendation with cube and Pyramid shapes
Automatic recognition of deformation points

according the ISO recommendation (based only
on shape modification any are the dimensions
variations) for the VS7 ash standard in oxidizing
atmosphere.
Influence of the initial shape.
Note: Sensitivity set at 0, Atmosphere: air, speed
10°C/ mn, software: specific biomass software,
Analyzer: SYLAB IF2000G.
Certified values according ASTM
recommendation for the VS7-001 of
VANGUARD Solutions, Inc (based only on
dimension variations): Initial 1181°C, Softening
1197°C, Hemispherical 1207°C, Fluid 1222°C
IF2000G Page: 52
STANDARDIZATION with a gold wire

You have 3 ways for the standardization of the analyzer.
1- With pure metals to introduce temperature corrections on particular points
You can use GOLD wires (1063°C) and PALLADIUM (1555°C) standards for this purpose
2- With ash fusion standards

This method is recommended when the atmosphere has an influence on the fusion points of your ashes.
This is also the best method for the setting of the accuracy in detection of the initial point, and for the examination of the tensile
strength between the tray and the fused ash for the last point.
3- With comparison of the temperatures between the thermocouple and a reference thermocouple introduce in the "gas exhaust" tube.
Standardization with a gold wire.

Plug a 0.25mm x 4mm wire vertically on a fusion plate with help of ceramic glue.
Start a fusion
When the top of the wire is changing, you record the temperature . You can also use the recorded temperature like above to determine
the correction . You add the correction in the setup folder (example -10°C above)
IF2000G Page: 53
REFERENCE MATERIAL and tested Material

Some ashes have particular fusion . In the following example, when the ash is molded like a cylinder or a cube, it don't pass by a
"Sphere Point" : the sample decreases in dimensions, and, when the top is beginning to take a spherical shape, the bottom is fusing, so
, spherical and hemispherical points are similar.
Right shape: Tested Material, without sphere point

Left shape: GBW 11114 Ash reference Material
At 1307°C At 1317°C Hemisphere point State à 1329°C
IF2000G Page: 54
Setting a TEMPERATURE CORRECTION

The thermocouple is placed at 7 mm far from the sample, the thermocouple signal can change according the time, the "cold
compensation" can move, the use of a reference material can indicate some differences in the detected points, so, for these reasons, a
progressive correction of temperature has been added.
In the example below, we want that the temperature points at the level of 1100°C will be corrected with a positive value of 20°C.
It will result the following correction:
Between 1000 and 1100°C the additional correction will be:
TEMPERATURE = READ TEMPERATURE + ( READ TEMPERATURE - 1000 ) * 20 / 100
Between 1100 and 1200°C the additional correction will be:
TEMPERATURE = (READ TEMPERATURE + 20)- ( READ TEMPERATURE - 1100 ) * 20 / 100
So such modification will result in:
READ TEMPERATURE CORRECTED TEMPERATURE Difference

1000 1000 0
1025 1030 +5
1050 1060 +10
1075 1090 +15
1100 1120 +20
1125 1140 +15
1150 1160 +10
1175 1180 +5
1200 1200 0
The same correction can be set with positive and negative values between 800°C and 1600°C
IF2000G Page: 55
Standardization in MANUAL MODE

On other way to perform a temperature calibration with a gold wire and a palladium wire is this one:
- You plug 1 Gold wire and one Palladium wire in the ceramic glue
- you start the program but you set the “STOP TEMPERATURE” at 1600°C in the “SET NORM” panel
- you click the “Set Norm” button
The new program is now written in the temperature controller
You click on the top line button SET REGULATION

You find the START button and you click on it .The controller is now driving the furnace from ambient temperature to 1600°C
You Click CLOSE button on this folder

You click AIM AND START button but you don’t start the analysis.
You can now follow the fusion , you can use the LIGHT ON, LIGHT OFF, CAMERA SET button, for your
convenience during the increasing of temperature of the furnace to observe the picture in good conditions.
You will need probably to SHUT OFF the light at 800°C and to use the 1/250 , or 1/500 or 1/1000 button in the
CAMERA SET folder to adjust the SHUTTER speed of the camera.
When the temperature is near 1050°C you observe and record the temperature at witch the top of the
gold wire will become a small ball . You RECORD this temperature.
When the temperature is near 1540°C you observe and record the temperature at witch the top of the
palladium wire will become a small ball . You RECORD this temperature
You make the difference of temperature of fusion of these metals and the recorded temperatures,
and you fill the SET NORM panel.
You can also make an automatic analysis but it is recommend to use of the biomass program.
To set a temperature correction

1-In the set Norm form, select the range of temperature you want to correct.
2- Introduce the value with the correction sign (ex: -15 or +12) , hit " new setting"
3- Select the norm you want to run
4- Quit and save
IF2000G Page: 56
5 -Your correction will be shown during the analysis
IF2000G Page: 57
THE RESULTS
The results are computed according the selected norm
Followings points and definitions are computed as follow with the selected norm.
2/ ASTM
0/ CEN/TS 3/ AFNOR 4/ BRITISH DIN 51730
NORM 1/ ISO 540 1995 E953-8(2004) 5/ EDF 6/ AS 1038.15
15404-11:2006 M03-048 1016-70 (like iso)
& E953-88
Pyr: H<19mm base 3 x H/2 H=19mm &

CUBE or CYLINDER 3x3 Pyr H=12mm Cyl/cube:
or 3xH/3 3x6.4mm-
up to 5x5mm- %CO/CO2= Trunc Pyr: & 3x6mm 3mm x 3mm
%CO/CO2 = Trunc Pyr:
60%+-5% - Trunc: H=4mm & 3x 3mm Pyr= H=1 inch H=12mm & %H2/CO2=50 Trunc: H=4 &
40%+-5%in H=12mm & 6x6
%H2/CO2=50%+-5% in & 3x1.5mm & 3x0.5 inch 6x6 mm & %+-5% by 3x 3mm &
volume, 1.3 to mm & 2x2mm
volume at 100 to 250 Cube: 3x3 up to 7x7mm 2x2mm volume at 400 3x1.5mm%CO
1.5 furnace
mm/min Cyl: 3x3 up to 9x9mm mm /minute /CO2=
volume /mn
ERWEICHU
DEFORMATION DT: DEFORMATIO INITIAL DEFORMAT NG A:
DEFORMAT
RND(TIP/CORNER) & DEFORMATION DT: INITIAL IT: N: POINT A: ION: DEFORMAT
P1 ION:
15% change Shape factor, RND(TIP/CORNER) RND(TIP) RND(TIP) or SCHRINK RND(TIP) => ION DT:
RND(TIP)
or First sign of rounding SCHRINK 12% 12% D= 0.5mm DT=RND(TO
P/CORNER)
SOFTENING SPHARISH
SPHERE ST: FUSIBILITE SPHERE:
SHRINK SST: ST: FUSIBILITE: B:
P2 H=W for pyr & trunc pyr POINT B: LUMP &
95% of area at 550°C LUMP & H= H0/2 LUMP &
TOP= LUMP for others H=H0/2 H=W
H=W H=W
HEMISPERI HEMISPHER HALBKUGE
HEMISPHER
HEMISPHERE HT: HEMISPHERICAL HT: CAL HT: HEMISPHERE: E: L C:
P3 E HT:
LUMP & H=W/2 LUMP & H=W/2 LUMP & H=W/2 LUMP & LUMP &
H=W/2
H=W/2 H=W/2 H=W/2
FLUIDITE:
P4
H=H0/6
FLUID FT: ECOULEMENT FLUIDITE FLOW:
FLOW FT: FLOW FT: FLOW FT: FLIESS D:
P5 <1.6mm=>H0/ : POINT C: 1.5 mm=>
H(HT) /2 H(HT) /3 H(HT) /3 H(HT) /3
12 H=H(HEM)/3 H=H/6 H0/7
75µ Sieve, moistened with 75µ, Dextrin
75µ, Dextrin 10%, or 63µ, dextrin 60µ, Alcool or
Smpl dextrin, water, starch or 10% and 0.1%
ethanol >95%, 1.5N/mm² 10% water
gumarabic salicylic acid
SIGNIFICATION OF THE COLOURS USED:

BLACK: These points are determined only using Width and Height considerations, basic instruments measuring H & W or recording these values are adapted to these
point determinations.
BLUE: These points are determined by the rounding modification or the tip shape of the sample, a sophisticated instrument is required.
RND : Means that the analyzer must give this result according the "Roundig" of the Tip or the corners of the sample (Any are the other changes in the dimensions)
LUMP & H=W : Means that the top of the sample must look like a lump and the width equal to the height
LUMP & H=W/2 : Means that the top of the sample must look like a lump and the height is the half of the width
DEFORMATION TEMPERATURE
The temperature at witch the first signs of rounding, due to the melting, of the tip or the edges of the test piece occurs. This definition
is generally used in all the internation norms. The IF2000G records also the "Shape Factors" of the tested pieces.
SPHERE TEMPERATURE
In case of pieces where the initial height is larger the width , it is temperature where the height equals the width ,but for ISO it is
temperature at which the top of the sample look like a sphere.
The ASTM point is called ST (Softening temperature), the cone looks like a spherical lump with the height equal to the width. The
IF2000 Analyzer, according these recommendations records the shape of the top and the measures oh the height and the width the
compute this point
HEMISPHERE TEMPERATURE
The shape of the piece forms approximatively an hemisphere for ISO (height equals the half of the width in the other norms.
FLOW TEMPERATURE
For most norms, it’s when the height equals a fraction of the height at hemisphere temperature, but for some other, it”s a part of the
initial height.
CEN
The new European norm adapted to biomass ashes add a “shrink temperature” and the flow temperature is a different fraction of the
height at hemispherical point. The "Volume" of each sample is recorded.
LOCAL NORMS and particular points are set as follow :
ASTM
IT: initial temperature when the apex of the cone reach the first rounding, any are the other change in the dimensions.
DIN 51730:
ERWEICHUNGSBEREICH: is the temperature between DEFORMATION TEMPERATURE and
HEMISPHERE TEMPERATURE
SCHMELZBEREICH: is the temperature between FLOW TEMPERATURE and HEMISPHERE
IF2000G Page: 58
TEMPERATURE
AFNOR:
TEMPERATURE de FUSIBILITE: The height is the half of the initial height
TEMPERATURE de FLUIDITE: The height is 1/6 of the initial height

AUSTRALIAN
FLOW TEMPERATURE: the height is less than 1.5 mm
ASTM
FLOW TEMPERATURE: the height is less than 1.6 mm (The initial height for ASTM is 19 mm, so FT occurs when the height is
1.6/19 of initial height, any is the magnification)
All the norm for fusion tests over the wordl are actually based on the modifications of the the samples shapes in place of older
definitions based on the hight and the width only . IF2000G is working with the new norms, but records also the height and the
width to allow some correlations with other older systems.
IF2000G Page: 59
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE ROUNDING

The “ first sign of rounding” is the most difficult point to evaluate even for the eyes.
The system computes a “rounding index” during the analysis and record this index as a curve . The variations of
this index is in relation with the number of Fourier harmonics needed to describe the top or the corners of the sample. The
“first sign of rounding” can be adjusted by mouse if necessary on this curve, as the point where the change
(increase of decrease of index) seems to be the most important before the “sphere point”.
With actual software, for CEN an ISO , the rounding is in relation with the Form Factor as requested in the norms.
IF2000G Page: 60
THE TEMPERATURE RAMP

For every analysis, the temperature ramp is recorded at 7mm of the samples, the inner temperature is also used to drive the ramp. This
feature can help you to prevent or solve some
problems that can occur with some furnace.
A normal temperature ramp
A difficult ramp
An aborted ramp
Such ramp can occur when:

The furnace is externally stopped, an heating element is broken, the furnace is unable to reach the final
temperature (1450°C), 20 minutes after the normal end. if you find this kind of ramp, il will result garbage in the measurement results,
because the system will record 2 dimensions for the same temperature, so the second record will overlap the previous ones when the
temperature was increasing.
IF2000G Page: 61
ERRATIC CURVES
In some cases you can observe erratic curves, but with correct results for the real time shape examination results.
The reason is in a poor initial record of the initial height or/and width of the sample .
The software, during the analysis, is continuously measuring the width and the height of the sample , but for some temperatures, the
values are not recorded because there is an indetermination of these measurements, and for other temperatures the recorded values
can be false because of changes in the illumination of the samples.
To perform the drawing of the curves, and to compute the results with the height and the width values, the software is looking for the
initial height value of the sample in the recorded data, and plot the other height value in reference with this initial height.
For example, if the initial height of the sample is 90 points but, because illumination problems just after 750°C the recorded value
string is at this temperature 42, ?, ? ,38, 41, ....., (? Meaning : undermined value) the software will take the average height of the 10
first real recorded values (could be 40 in this example) , and use it as initial height in place of the correct value (90) .
How to correct this problem:
- in the standard fusion software, the initial dimensions are the first valid dimensions recorded after the temperature of 750°C . If the
inverting point is set before 750°C (example 730°C) , normally you don’t observe this problem.
If your image is of good quality*, when the light is on (before and after inverting point) , you don’t see this problem .
* good quality means that you can see the black sample on a clean clear background, or , a clear sample on a dark clean background .
In the other cases, the system will probably be unable to determine the tray position, so unable to measure the correct widths and
heights.
Why the drawing, just after the end of an analysis and the same assay retrieved from the database are sometimes not the same?
The reduce the storage place, the curves are compressed before the storage on the disk, so during the redrawing, the replacement of
undermined dimensions are not exactly the same as they were at the end of the analysis . In case of noise on the recorded dimensions,
some differences can appear.
In the example above, the inverting point has been set between 800°C and 824°C, we can observe that the quality on the contrast
between the sample and the background is poor on the 2 first pictures (light on, and temperature below 802°C, so probably the
recorded width and height at 750°C are noisy and perhaps false. It will probably result in errors the determinations of the initial
dimensions of the sample.
What are the reasons of the decreasing in quality of the pictures when the light in on.?
The grid, placed in the back of the combustion tube is made of stainless wires. But if you often use the furnace at high temperature in
oxidizing atmosphere, an oxidation can result, the deposit of oxides on the alumina tube will decrease the transmitted light.
How are theses points partially corrected with the new software:
- The tray recognition was made on the both parts of the sample. Actually, the tray recognition is made on the left side or the right
side of the sample according the quality of the picture.
- We can act on the contrast of the video signal when we start, or during the analysis if necessary.
One sample is disappearing for the analyzer :

If the background of the ash fusion tube (behind the grid) is not clean, or the alignment OBJECTIV-TUBE-ILLUMINATED TUBE
BACKGROUND is not correct,or some deposits on the window, the sample not situated in the best illuminated area can disappear
from the image during a time and can be considered as fused for the system.
Normally a clean tube, clean window, a grid correctly placed, and a control of the front lens of the camera will solve the problem .
IF2000G Page: 62
HOW TO
Select the automatic printed pictures
The system is able to take 30 pictures in the range of temperature you have selected before to start an analysis.
The bmp files are stored in the sub-directory \BMP, under the names P_(Temperature)C. BMP.
You sort these BMP pictures by “Date” and you use a common Windows software to make a an .AVI film
To obtain a movie specific of your interest temperature area, select appropriates initial and final temperature before to perform an
analysis.
Make a fusion movie

The pictures 5°C by 5°C are stored in the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM\ path. If you want to preserve them, you must to rename this
folder it before to start a new analysis
Make your own fusion curves with Excel

The control .txt file, with comma as separator, are stored int the c:\IF2BIOMA\DBF\ path.
Sample1.txt is relative to the left sample, Sample2.txt is relative to the right one.
The values, separated with a coma are:
RED TEMPERATURE ,CORRECTED TEMPERATURE,CAMERA SHUTTER, SPECTRA LEFT, GREY LEVEL,SPECTRA
RIGHT, QUALITY NB, SAMPLE TRAY POSITION , SAMPLE HEIGHT, SAMPLE WIDTH ,TOP ROUNDING, CORNER
ROUNDING, Y FRAME LOCATION, FRAME HEIGHT, X FRAME LOCATION, FRAME WIDT
To control the thermocouple

To test the thermocouple, you need to insert a reference thermocouple in the tube used as gas exhaust.
You don’t flush with any gas, you set the selector of the furnace on “internal-drive” position and you compare the temperature of your
reference thermocouple with the temperature read on the main unit.
To control the REDUCING/ OXIDIZING atmospheres

You have to use a reference ash with different fusion points in REDUCING and OXIDIZING atmospheres. We recommend the use of
GBW 11114 (ash fusion reference material)
IF2000G Page: 63
To import the results in a Windows application.

The results with the curves are stored in the directory \DBF under a file named “fusions.dbf”, with a structure DBASE III. Your
program (Excel or Access or Other) can import directly these results, the fields with binary values are storing the curves.
To perform an analysis entirely with the back light on

The back light has used on the first Sylab analyzers during all the analyze. For samples fusing at a maximum temperature of 1450°C ,
and if you use a quartz window between the halogen lamp and the sample, you can make an entire analysis (the temperature light of
the lamp is higher than the temperature light of the sample, so you can observe it)
For the higher temperatures and best precision, the Sylab analyzers are performing the first part of the analysis with the back light,
and the second part without.
If you wan to analyze in this way, you take off the placed inside the combustion tube, and you set the “Inversion temperature” at the
level of the final temperature.
When you receive the analyzer from the factory, themacro aperture is set full open, and the inverting temperature is set a 9000°C
To Align Tray-Tube-Sample-Light
This alignment is performed during the first assembly of the metal parts with the combustion tube. You must make the total assembly
of the combustion tube, mechanic parts and ceramic and thermocouple tray
Loose the pressure bolts at the rear of the metal parts. Place the combustion tube vertically and move relatively the whole mechanic
bloc , when the alignment is correct, secure the pressure bolts.
To adjust the temperature at one point

The Eurotherm controller can add or subtract a fixed value to the computed temperature. The way to do it is described int the
Eurotherm documentation.
Preserve the assay picture

The printed pictures are stored in the directory C:\IF2EURO\BMP and the fusion movie is stored in the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM
directory. After an analysis, with windows explorer, ask for a sort by date, select the pictures of the last assy and copy them in a new
directory.
Set and test the communication port

Some software are automatically changing the general parameters for the RS232 communication port . Because IF2000 is using the
ports very often, and somemetime for a while, it’s preferable to set these ports as follow:
1- Set the “advanced properties” with a minimum buffer size
IF2000G Page: 64
2- Restart the computer, and use the <Get Temperature> button in the <Set Regulation> folder , and with the mouse, hit this button at
hight speed to test if you obtain or not communication errors with this device.
Make a PDF document in place of the standard printout

You can use a software like Acrobat PDF Writer or the free PDFcreator downloadable at http://sourceforge.net/ . You set the virtual
printer as Default Printer . You set the preference for a printout with combined documents in the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM
directory, so, at the end of the analysis a pdf file IF2BIOMA.PDF will be written with the printouts if you choose "Add to End" option
for the generated files. In the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM directory you will find the receorded fusion pictures and the final report.
IF2000G Page: 65
Adjust the proportional band with the 2416 temperature controller.

When the proportional band is setted too low, at temperature range 700-900, the tube emissivity can illuminate the samples with
pulsated visible light . The camera must be allways setted with an adapted electronic shutter according the light, so , it can result in an
oscillation in the system.
To increase the proportional band, do like below:
Select the "Pid" list Select the "Pb" (Proportional

With the "Page" key
Band) value and set between
25-30% range
Adjust the camera alignment

To work with 4 samples , you must ajust the vertical camera angle to focus on the middle of the bridge. We recommend to zoom out
and in, without to move the camera to confirm the optical alignment.
XPE network shared files

To connect your XPE system, you must know the exact name of your computer, the shared files and the Administrator password
(9575)
IF2000G Page: 66
Camera CV-A60
1. General
The difference from the previous manual is that the CCD sensor in CV-A50 is changed to new types. Now the used CCD sensors are:
ICX-408AL-6, 409AL-6, 418ALL-6, 419ALL-6.
The CV-A50/A60 is a range of monochrome CCIR and EIA interlaced 1/2” and 1/3” CCD cameras, designed for automated
application, featuring an extremely small housing and a wide range of unique functions.
The asynchronous trigger can be set to work in several modes, to allow functions such as pulse width controlled shutter,
programmable shutter speed and long time integration.
All mode settings of the camera can be set up via an RS-232C interface, greatly reducing the need for mechanical switches of
jumpers.
The CV-A50 and CV-A60 output an analogue video signal, with composite sync.
The latest version of this manual can be downloaded from: www.jai.com
The latest version of Camera Control Tool for CV-A50/60 can be downloaded from: www.jai.com
2. Standard Composition
The standard camera composition consists of the camera main body.
3. Main Features
•New compact size 1/2” and 1/3” monochrome CCD cameras
•752 (h) x 582 (v) pixels for CCIR, 768 (h) x 494 (v) for EIA
•Improved sensitivity, dynamic range and smear performance
•High S/N ratio > 60dB
•Extended range of functions and options compared to CV-M50
•Interlaced or non-interlaced scanning. Field or frame accumulation.
•Internal, external HD/VD or random synchronization
•Edge pre-select, pulse width and start/stop trigger modes
•Long time exposure with external VD pulse
•Frame delay readout mode
•Exposure enable EEN, write enable WEN and pixel clock out
•No mechanical switches or jumpers for mode setting
•Short ASCII commands for modes setting via serial port
•Shutter speed down to 1/10,000 in 8 steps
•Windows 98/NT/ME/2000 setup software
IF2000G Page: 67
4. Camera Housing and Dimensions

Fig. 1. Locations and dimensions.
1. 12 pin Hirose connector for frame grabber interfacing and power (12V DC).
2. BNC connector for video output. VS 1.0 Vpp 75 Ohm.
3. 6 pin Hirose connector for trigger input and RS-232C control interface.
4. Gain potentiometer for manual gain setting.
5. Mounting holes, 8 x M3. For precision mounting use only the 4 holes located at the
forward part of the bottom plate.
6. 1/3” or 1/2” interline-transfer type CCD sensor.
7. Lens mount for C-mount lenses. *1)
Note *1): Rear protrusion on the C-mount lens must be less than 10mm (0.4 inches approx.).
When IR-cut filter is used, it must be less than 7.0 mm (0.28 inches approx.).
The IR-cut filter is placed in the C-mount thread.

The C-mount IR-cut filter must be ordered separately.
IF2000G Page: 68
5. Pin Assignment
• 5.1. 12-pin Multi-connector (DC-IN/VIDEO OUT, EXT.HD/VD IN)
Type: HR10A-10R-12PB-01 (Hirose) male
Seen from rear. Pin configuration is compatible with EIAJ standard
Plugs for cable: HR10A-10P-12S

• 5.2. 6-pin Multi-connector (TRIGGER and RS232C)
Type: HR10A-7R-6PB (Hirose) male
Seen from rear.
6. Functions and Operations

Apart from the standard continuous operation, the CV-A50/60 features three external asynchronous trigger modes (edge pre-select,
pulse width controlled and start/stop) and a special frame-delay readout mode. Long integration time mode is also supported.
• 6.1. Basic functions
Some of the primary camera functions need a general introduction before the operation modes are described. The list below shows the
primary functions from the command list.
SM Shutter Mode Normal shutter, Programmable Exposure
SH Shutter Speed Off to 1/10,000 second
PE Programmable Exposure 1.5 H to 1023.5 H
SC Scanning Format Interlaced, non-interlaced, (1/2 partial, 1/3 partial)
TR Trigger Mode Normal, Edge, PWC, frame delay readout
Long time exposure, start-stop
FR Accumulation Field, Frame
The shutter SM can be set to normal (SM=0), where the exposure time is selected from 8 fixed step with the command SH, or
programmable exposure (SM=1). Here the command PE allows up to 1023 steps with 1 period resolution (64 µs) for edge pre-select
mode. For normal modes PE can be up to 312 for CCIR and 262 for EIA.
The scanning format SC can be selected between interlaced and non-interlaced sync signals.
Further it is possible to select 1/2 and 1/3 partial scanning. It is not supported for the camera.
The accumulation FR can be field or frame. Fig. 9. show details for frame and field accumulation with shutter OFF, (left(, and shutter
on, (right).
The accumulation in all trigger modes is H synchronous. The exposure will start at the first HD pulse after the trigger falling edge.
Fig. 8. shows the details. In all triggered shutter modes, the shortest shutter time is limited to ¡Ý1.5 H or 1/10,000. In trigger modes,
the exposure time is not limited to the readout time. It can be longer.
• 6.10. Other Functions
• Gain and analogue settings.
!! Do not adjust these settings unless you have knowledge to video adjustments !!
AS, AGC Switch
The video gain can be set to AGC or manual.
IF2000G Page: 69
In AGC mode the video level is kept constant by the automatic gain control circuit within a 12 dB range. Normal 700 mVpp ±30 mV.
The level can be adjusted with AG, AGC level in the range 0 to 255.
• RP, Rear Potentiometer
In manual gain mode, the gain level can be adjusted by the rear potentiometer, or it can be adjusted by GA, Manual Gain level in the
range 0 to 255.
SU, Setup level. This setting can adjust the setup level (or black level). Normal 20 mVpp ±2 mv.
WC, White clip level. To adjusting the wanted white clip level. Normal 800 mVpp ±30 mv.
GA, Gamma select.
Gamma can be 1 (linear) or 0.45.
Signal and Polarity.
PC, Pixel clock on/off.
Set to on if the pixel clock is used. Note that jumper JP2 on rear board PK8274 should be closed.
(factory setting). Refer to chapter 10.2. for position. To avoid interference the pixel clock out
should be off when the pixel clock is not used.
TP, Trigger polarity.
Will invert the trigger-input signal.
WP, WEN polarity.
Will invert the WEN output signal.
7. Configuring the Camera

• 7.1. RS-232C control.
All configuration of the A50/60 camera is done via the RS-232C port. The camera can be set up
from a PC running terminal emulator software, or using JAI´s camera control software.
Below is the description of the ASCII based short command protocol.
• Protocol.
Transmit setting to camera:
NN=[Parameter ]
(NN is any kind of command. Capital or small letters.)
To have all communication visible on the emulator screen, start with:
EB=1
The camera answers:

COMPLETE
Transmit the following to see the current parameter for a command:

NN?
(NN is any commands with parameters.)
The camera answers: NN=[Parameter ]
Transmit the following to see the camera current settings:
ST?
The camera returns the current parameter settings, firmware and camera type and number.
Transmit the following to get command list help:
HP?
The camera returns a complete command list.

Unknown commands send to camera: (XY is unknown command).
XY=1
IF2000G Page: 70
The camera answers: 01 Unknown Command!!
Invalid parameters send to camera: (99 is invalid parameter for SH).

SH=99
The camera answers: 02 Bad Parameters!!
• 7.2. CV-A50/60 RS-232C command list.
IF2000G Page: 71
8. Specifications
9. Spectral Sensitivity
IF2000G Page: 72
Mother Card Specifications

PCM 9575 Mother Card
Standard EBX SBC Functions
• CPU: OnboardVIA Ezra 800MHz (PCM-9575F-Q0A1) or
• BIOS: Award 256 KB Flash memory
• System memory: One DIMM socket accepts 64 MB up to 512 MB
SDRAM
• System Chipset: VIA PL133 chipset , VT8606T (TwisterT ) &
VT82C686B
• Cache memory: 128KB L1 and 64 KB L2 cache memory on the pro-cessor
• Enhanced IDE interface: Two channels supports up to four EIDE
devices. BIOS auto-detect, PIO Mode 3 or Mode 4, UDMA 33
transfer. Primary IDE support up to UDMA 66/100 mode
• FDD interface: Supports up to two FDDs
• Serial ports: Four serial RS-232 ports, COM1, 3, 4: RS-232, COM2:
RS-232/422/485
• Parallel port: One parallel port, supports SPP/EPP/ECP mode
• Infrared port: Shared with COM2. Transfer rates up to 115Kbps
• Keyboard/mouse connector: Supports standard PC/AT keyboard and a
PS/2 mouse
• Power management: Supports power saving modes including Normal/
Standby/Suspend modes. APM 1.2 compliant
• Watchdog timer: 62 level timer intervals
• USB: Two universal serial bus ports (4 USB port option)
• Expansion: One PCI slot and PC/104 plus connector for ISA and PCI
control board
• Solid State Disk
Supports one 50-pin socket for CFC type I/II
Supports M-Systems DOC ® 2000
IF2000G Page: 73
TheBios
• The main screen
• screen 1
• screen 2
IF2000G Page: 74
• screen 3
IF2000G Page: 75
IMAGE CARD
1-Standard Features
Input video formats NTSC, PAL, SECAM, S-video.

Input video signal 1 V peak-to-peak, 75 W.
Resolution NTSC:640 x 480 pixels PAL/SECAM:768 x 576 pixels.
Sampling jitter Maximum of ±4 ns relative to horizontal synchronization (for a stable source).
Output formats Color: YCrCb 4:2:2; RGB 32, 24, 16, and 15. Monochrome: Y8
External trigger Software programmable edge or level sensitivity and polarity.
Over-voltage protection All inputs and outputs are diode protected.
Form factor . PC/104 Plus module: 91.4 x 96.5 mm 3.4 x 3.6 in.
Video noise £ 1 LSB (least significant bit) RMS.
Power +5 VDC.
Camera power +12 VDC output.
Video multiplexer Four video inputs, only one of which can be S-video; all four can be composite video.
Operating temperature 0° C to 60° C.
2-Installation
For a PC/104-Plus board:
a Set the four-position rotary switch on the PXC200 board to an unused number. Each PC/104-Plus plug-in module must be set to a
unique number. On some PC/104-Plus systems, the board closest to the CPU must be set to zero, the next board must be set to one,
and so on. b Insert the PXC200 board into the connector and seat it firmly. 3 Following the instructions below, connect your board to
the video input and, optionally, to other I/O:
5 This step applies to Windows 98 . When you restart your system, you might see the message “Found new multimedia PCI
device,”and the Add New Hardware Wizard is displayed. If this happens, follow the steps below:
a Insert the Windows 95 PXC200 software installation disk in the drive.
b In the wizard, click the Have Disk button.
IF2000G Page: 76
c In the Install from Disk dialog, specify the drive letter for the floppy disk drive and click OK.
You should see a single option, PX Precision Frame Grabber, listed in the wizard.
d Select PX Precision Frame Grabber and click Next.
e Click Next again to let Plug and Play complete the installation.
You should see a message that Windows hasn’t finished installing the necessary software. You’ll install the software in the next
section.
f Click Finish.
6 That completes the hardware installation. Next, you’ll install the PXC200 software.
Windows 98 Registry Changes
If you let the Setup program create a registry entry for the PXC200 driver, and you later need to uninstall the driver, you must edit the
Windows 95 Registry by using the REGEDIT.EXE program in your Windows 98 directory. The installation program adds the
following key to the Windows Registry:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet \Services\VxD\PXC2
The value assigned to this key is: StaticVxD. A string key that contains the complete path of the VxD file, such as
c:\pxc2\bin\pxc2.vxd. When you remove the registry entry, Windows will no longer automatically load the VxD. When you run a
frame grabber program, the DLL will attempt to locate the VxD and load it dynamically. If your programs have problems locating the
VxD, copy the VxD to the Windows SYSTEM directory. Although loading the VxD dynamically adds about ½ second to program
startup time, it ensures that the VxD gets unloaded when the program terminates, de-allocating all frame grabbers. This can be
particularly useful during program development when programs might crash and leave a frame grabber allocated.
PXC200 Software Directories
The installation programs create the LIB, BIN, and INCLUDE directories, and directories for the sample source code: These
directories are structured to make program execution, compiling, and linking convenient. You can run the Windows sample programs
to control the frame grabber, write BMP files, and run the timing tests (don’t forget to first restart Windows to load the driver). The
sample programs are PXCDRAW1 and
PXCDRAW2.
Directory Contents
c:\pxc2\lib DOS and Windows libraries.
c:\pxc2\bin Executable sample programs, DLLs, and drivers.
c:\pxc2\include Header files.
c:\pxc2\samples\dos DOS and Watcom DOS/4GW sample source code.
c:\pxc2\samples\win16 Windows 16-bit sample source code.
c:\pxc2\samples\win32 Windows 32-bit sample source code.
3-Troubleshooting
This section contains troubleshooting information for the following:
• Error loading DLLs
• Error loading VxDs
• Running PXCVU or PXCREV
• Slow video display performance
• Windows hangs or crashes on reboot
• Windows NT-specific problems
Error Loading DLL
The system can’t locate the PXC200 DLL. Either edit your PATH environment variable to include the path to the PXC200 DLL or
move the DLL to the \WINDOWS\SYSTEM directory Windows 98, or to the \WINDOWS\SYSTEM32 directory for Windows NT.
Error Loading VxD
When booting Windows 98, you might see the error “PXC2.VXD Requires a PCI compatible BIOS.” This means your BIOS lacks
the BIOS32 Service Directory feature of the PCI BIOS Specification,
Problems Running PXCVU or PXCREV
PXCVU and PXREV are DOS programs. You can’t run these programs in a DOS window in Windows. If your system hangs when
you run PXCVU or PXREV, this is the most likely cause. If the program hangs when you start it, you might have an IRQ conflict or a
compatibility problem with the PCI chip set in your PC. Check for possible IRQ conflicts first. For the latest compatibility
information, contact
Slow Video Display Performance
When you’re displaying video on the screen, the amount of memory on the VGA display controller card can affect the performance.
With some display controllers, adding memory to the display controller will improve the performance.
Windows Hangs or Crashes on Boot
This can be caused by an interrupt conflict. Check to make sure you have an IRQ available and that no ISA device is trying to use the
same IRQ that any PCI device is trying to use.
4-Cables and Connectors

PC/104-Plus Cables
The PC/104-Plus configuration of the standard PXC200 uses a 20-pin male connector. The version of the PXC200 that includes the
optional Control Package has an additional 24-pin male connector. Both connectors are IDC-compatible. The pinouts for these
connectors are given in the following sections.
20-Pin Connector
Connector J5 is a 20-pin IDC-compatible connector:
IF2000G Page: 77
Pin Description Pin Description

1 Ground 2 Y0
3 Ground 4 Y1
5 Ground 6 Y2
7 Ground 8 Y3
9 Ground 10 C0
11 Ground 12 C1
13 Ground 14 C2
15 Ground 16 C3
17 Ground 18 Trigger 0
19 12 V Ground 20 +12V DC out
24-Pin Connector
On versions of the PXC200 with the optional Control Package, connector J10 is a 24-pin IDC-compatible connector with the
following pinouts:
Pin Description Pin Description

1 Ground 2 Trigger 0 Wire Use
9 Ground 10 Strobe 0 White Lamp
11 Ground 12 Strobe 1 Purple Ox Gaz
13 Ground 14 Strobe 2 Green Red. Gaz
15 Ground 16 Strobe 3 Orange N2 Gaz
17 Ground 18 Hor. Sync. Drive
19 Ground 20 Ver. Sync. Drive
21 Ground 22 Reserved
23 Ground 24 Reserved
Digital I/O Four general-purpose TTL-level input lines and four general-purpose TTL-level output lines replace the single trigger on
the standard product. All lines are software programmable. Input lines are pulled up to 5 V and can compensate for trigger bounce.
Sync drive signals Vertical and horizontal sync drive out-puts. Signals are 5 V, active low.
Strobe inhibit Output lines programmed to fire strobe pulses can be inhibited during CCD transfer time by setting a programmable
hold off period.
DC restore All four video inputs have DC restoration. Video multiplexer All four video inputs can accept either composite video or
S-video.
IF2000G Page: 78
NETWORK
Settings
For the Software service, the IF2000 is generally connected through the Network with a Crossed RJ45 cable.(UPT 364 4596)
The protocol " client for Netware Network" is installed
"File and printer sharing" is ON
The Identification and The Workgroup name are choosen
The network card (NE2000) is binded to " IPX/SPX compatible protocol" and with "NetBeui"
The IPX/SPX compatible protocol is binded with
- Client for Microsoft Network
-Client for Netware Network
-File print and sharing for Microsoft
The NetBeui is:
- Binded with
-" Client for Microsoft Network"
-" File and print Sharing"
The NetBeui protocol is Not choosen as default protocol
IF2000G Page: 79
AFTER THE INSTALLATION

1- The C:\AUTOEXEC.BAT must contain this line
set path=c:\windows;c:\windows\command;c:\pxc2\bin
• 2- The C:\PXC2\BIN directory must contain:
frame_32.dll
Msvcrt40.dll
pxc2_95.dll
pxcdd.dll
video_32.dll
pxc.vxd
vssver.scc
• 3- The "my Computer/properties/Device Manager" shows:
- imagenation
----- PXC Frame Grabber
• 4- The C:\IF2BIOMA folder must contain:
the main file IF2BIOMA.EXE
4-1 one sub-directory BMP (will be filled with the fusion points pictures)
4-1-1 one sub-directory BMP\FILM (will be filled with the fusion movie)
4-2 one sub-directory DBF
containing:
FUSIONSB.DBF file (your results and curves as DBASE III storage, readable with EXCEL or ACCESS)
4-3 one sub-directory SCR
containing:
BINOCUL1.BMP file (small picture in the software)
CALCUL1.BMP File (small picture in the software)
EXTEMP1.BMP file (small picture in the software)
4-4 One sub-directory SYL
containing:
PARAM2.SYL (the parameters NORM, RAMP, ATMOSPHERES .....)
IF2000G Page: 80
THE MAIN TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER

Rear Terminal Layout
The terminals are arranged in three columns at the rear of the controller. Each column is protected by a clear plastic hinged cover to
prevent hands or metal making accidental contact with live wires. Viewed from the rear and with the controller upright, the right-hand
column carries the connections for the power supply and sensor input. The other two columns carry the connections to the plug-in
modules. The connections depend upon the type of module installed, if any. To discover which plug-in modules are installed in your
controller, please refer to the ordering code and wiring data on the labels on the sides of the controller. The rear terminal layout is
shown below. Note: The plug-in sleeve supplied with high voltage controllers are keyed to prevent a low voltage unit being inserted
into them.
IF2000G Page: 81
Front panel layout
Basic operation
Switch on the power to the controller. It runs through a self-test sequence for about three seconds and then shows the temperature, or
process value, in the upper readout and the set point in the lower readout. This is called the Home display. It is the one that you will
use most often.
OPERATING MODES
The controller has two basic modes of operation:
· Automatic mode in which the output power is automatically adjusted to maintain the temperature or process value at the set point.
· Manual mode in which you can adjust the output power independently of the set point. You toggle between the modes by pressing
the AUTO/MAN button. The displays which appear in each of these modes are explained in this chapter.
Two other modes are also available:
· Remote Set point mode in which the set point is generated from an external source. In this mode the REM light will be on.
· Programmer mode which is explained in Chapter 5, Programmer Operation.
IF2000G Page: 82
EUROTHERM 2416 Configuration

To enter in configuration mode: Push <PAGE> until ACC5 List, Push <ENTER> , Select Code=1, Push <ENTER>, select Conf=2
You can modify the configurations.
IF2000G Page: 83
2416 Configuration 2010-12-12
Inst Conf PU Conf IP Conf SP Conf AL Conf

Ctrl=Pid Unit=°C InPt=S.tc NSP=2 Al1=OFF
Act= rEu De.P=nnnn CJC=Auto Rm.tr=OFF Ltch=no
COOL= Lin RnG.L= -50 imP=Auto M.tr=OFF Bloc=no
ti.td= sec rnG.H= 1670 Pr.tr=OFF Same for AL2 and AL3
DtYP=PU
RmP.U= Pmin
M-A=EnAb
rmt=nonE
R-h=EnAb
PwrF=OFF
Fwd.t=nonE
Sbr.t=Sb.OP
FOP=no
Prog Conf HA Conf CAL conf 1A Conf 3A Conf

Id=npnE
PtYP=1 Id=cm5 RcAL=nonE Id=DC.OP Func=nonE
HbAC=Prog Func=mod UCAL=no Func=HEAT
Pwr.F=rSet BAud=9600 Pt1.L=0 UAL.L=0
Sruo=to.PU Prty=nonE Pt1.H=1600 UAL.H=100
Out=no Res=full OF1.L=0.0 Unit=Volt 2A Conf
SYNC=no delY=no OF1.H=0.0 Out.L=0.0
Out.H=10.0 Id=nonE
Func=nonE
Prog List
Hb=OFF
Hb.U=0
Pid List Run List Rmp.U=min
Pb=29 StAt=OFF DwL.U=min
Ti SEC= 600 FAST=no CYC.n=1
Td= 60 SEG.d=no SEG.n=1
Res=0.0 TYPE=rmP.r
Hcb=Auto TGt=400
Lcb=Auto Rate=10.0
SEG.n=2
TYPE=rmP.r
tGt=1500
RATE=10.0
SEG.n=3
TYPE=dwEll
Dur=15.0
SEG.n=4
TYPE=Step
tGt=11
SEG.n=5
TYPE=End
End.t
dwEll
IF2000G Page: 84
FULL DIAGNOSTIC
On the main analysis board, open:
<Set Regulation>
<Print Full Diagnostic>
The process will take 2 minutes, it will resul a text file in the C:\IF2BIOMA\DBF\control.txt , in wich you can observ the general
setting of all your system.
The Control parameters are:
"******** TEMP CONTROLLER ****** & Chr(13) & Chr(10)0
-% Output level 3
0 -Customer defined identification number 629
17 -Working set point. Read only: use Target 5
0 -Control output (on/off controller) 85
0 -Fast run 57
0 -Alarm 1setpoint value 13
1 -Alarm 1 hysteresis 47
0 -Enable diagnostic messages 282
0 -Gain scheduler setpoint 153
6 -Proportional band PID1 6
281 -Integral time PID1 8
46 -Derivative time PID1 9
0 -Manual reset PID1 28
0 -Cutback high PID1 18
0 -Cutback low PID1 17
0 -Relative cool gain PID1 19
20 -Proportional band PID2 48
360 -Integral time PID2 49
60 -Derivative time PID2 51
0 -Manual reset PID2 50
0 -Cutback high PID2 118
0 -Cutback low PID2 117
0 -Relative cool gain PID2 52
0 -Heat hysteresis 86
0 -Cool hysteresis 88
0 -Low power limit 31
95 -High power limit 30
64536 -Remote low power limit 33
1000 -Remote high power limit 32
0 -Forced output level 84
10 -Heat cycle time 10
0 -Heat hysteresis (on/off output) 86
25 -
0 -Heat output minimum on time 45
2 -Cool cycle time 20
0 -Cool hysteresis (on/off output) 88
0 -Cool output minimum on time 89
0 -Heat/cool deadband (on/off output) 16
0 -Sensor break output power 34
0 -Configuration of lower readout display 106
19 -PV minimum 134
25 -PV maximum 133
22 -PV mean value 135
9999 -Time PV above threshold level 139
0 -PV threshold for timer log 138
0 -Logging reset 140
0 -Working output 4
0 -PDSIO SSR status 79
1041 -Controller version number 107
IF2000G Page: 85
9312 -Controller identifier 122

0 -Instrument mode 199
0 -Control type 512
0 -Control action 7
0 -Type of cooling 524
0 -Integral and Derivative time units 529
0 -Derivative action on 550
0 -Front panel Auto/Manual button 530
0 -Front panel Run/Hold button 564
0 -Power feedback enable 565
0 -Feed forward type 532
32768 -Manual/Auto transfer PD control 555
0 -Sensor break output 553
0 -Forced manual output 556
1650 -BCD input function 522
0 -Gain schedule enable 567
0 -Instrument units 516
0 -Decimal places in displayed value 525
65486 -Low range limit 11
1600 -High range limit 12
7 -Input type 12290
0 -Cold junction compensation 12291
1 -Sensor break impedance 12301
0 -Input value low 12307
1000 -Input value high 12306
0 -Displayed reading low 12303
0 -Displayed reading high 12302
1 -Number of setpoints 521
0 -Remote tracking 526
0 -Manual tracking 527
0 -Programmer tracking 528
1 -Setpoint rate limit units 531
0 -Remote setpoint configuration 535
0 -Alarm 1 type 536
0 -Latching 540
0 -Blocking 544
1 -Programmer type 517
0 -Holdback 559
1 -Power fail recovery 518
0 -Input functions 12355
0 -Module identity 12480
0 -Module function 12483
0 -Sense of output 12489
2 -Module identity 12672
17 -Module function 12675
25 -% PID or Retran value giving min. o/p 12687
10 -% PID or Retran value giving max. o/p 12686
0 -Minimum electrical output 12689
100 -Maximum electrical output 12688
******** CAMERA ****** & Chr(13) & Chr(10)
CV-A50/A60 Serial No. 00000
Firmware Ver. 1.11
SH=1
TR=0
SC=0
FR=0
TP=0
WP=0
SM=0
AG=84
WC=125
SU=76
GA=10
RP=0
GS=0
AS=0
IF2000G Page: 86
PC=0
PE=310
-
After each analysis you find 2 automatically generated text files containing the recorded values for sample 1 and sample 2
These files are located in:C:\IF2BIOMA\DBF \sample1.txt and sample2.text
"TEMPR ,TEMPC ,BANDW , SH ,GAIN ,GREYIN ,TRESH ,GREYOUT,QUALI ,TRAYY ,HIGHT ,WIDTH ,RNTOP
,RCORN ,dyyA ,yyA ,dxxA ,xxA ,TimeS
25 , 25 , 230 , 0 , 10 , 21 , 104 , 250 , 31 , 215 , 154 , 44 , 66 , 74 , 36 , 186 , 130 , 103 , 42
30 , 30 , 231 , 0 , 10 , 19 , 103 , 250 , 30 , 215 , 153 , 43 , 66 , 70 , 38 , 186 , 131 , 103 , 150
35 , 35 , 231 , 0 , 10 , 19 , 103 , 250 , 29 , 215 , 153 , 43 , 67 , 71 , 38 , 186 , 131 , 103 , 198
40 , 40 , 231 , 0 , 10 , 19 , 103 , 250 , 30 , 215 , 154 , 43 , 66 , 69 , 38 , 186 , 131 , 103 , 240
8
.............................
.............................
1401 , 1390 , 207 , 7, 10 , 213 , 142 , 67 , 5 , 197 , 37 , 85 , 77 , 45 , 135 , 89 , 131 , 103 , 10230
1406 , 1395 , 205 , 7, 10 , 213 , 157 , 70 , 5 , 201 , 39 , 86 , 76 , 42 , 137 , 87 , 131 , 103 , 10290
1410 , 1400 , 204 , 7, 10 , 201 , 154 , 70 , 5 , 200 , 31 , 82 , 74 , 39 , 144 , 80 , 131 , 103 , 10338
1415 , 1405 , 202 , 7, 10 , 205 , 154 , 73 , 4 , 200 , 27 , 83 , 72 , 36 , 149 , 75 , 131 , 103 , 10404
1420 , 1410 , 200 , 7, 10 , 195 , 154 , 75 , 10 , 201 , 22 , 81 , 73 , 35 , 154 , 70 , 131 , 103 , 10464
1429 , 1420 , 196 , 7, 10 , 198 , 154 , 81 , 10 , 201 , 17 , 79 , 1, 1 , 159 , 65 , 131 , 103 , 10584
1434 , 1425 , 195 , 7, 10 , 189 , 152 , 83 , 10 , 201 , 14 , 0, 1, 1 , 162 , 62 , 131 , 103 , 10650
"
This file can be used in excel to manage some special curves:
TEMPR , red temperature
TEMPC , corrected temperature
BANDW , spectra width
SH , camera shutter
GAIN , camera gain
GREYIN , grey level inside the sample
TRESH , threshold used to separe sample and background
GREYOUT , grey level outside the sample
QUALI , general quality of the measure
TRAYY , Y position of the sample tray
HIGHT , hight of the sample
WIDTH , width of the sample
RNTOP , rounding value of the upper part of the sample
RCORN , rounding value of the corners or the tip of the sample
DyyA ,Y position of the upper corner of the analysis frame
,YyA ,hight of the measure frame
DxxA , X position of the left cornert of the measure frame
XxA , width of the measure frame
TimeS , analysis time in seconds
IF2000G Page: 87
2216e CONFIGURATION with OVERTEMP alarm

To enter in configuration mode: Push <PAGE> until ACC5 List, Push <ENTER> , Select Code=1, Push <ENTER>, select Conf=2
You can modify the configurations.
Pid List SP list IP list OP list

SSEL= SP 1 Filt=1.6 OP.Lo=0.4
Pb=12
SP-1= 155 OFSt=0 OP.Hi=89.6
Ti SEC= 79
SP 2= 904 CJC°=19 Sb.OP=0.4
Td SEC= 13
SP 1.L=0 CYC.H=1.0
Hcb=Auto
SP 1.H=1552 ont.H=0.1
Lcb=Auto
SP2.L=0
SP2.H=1552
SPrr=15.0
Cm5 list Pid List

AL list Addr=1
3FSH = 1600 Pb=6
hyst=1 Ti SEC= 281
Td SEC= 46
Res=0.0
IP conf AL conf Hcb=Auto
Lcb=Auto
InPt=S;tc AL 1= OFF
RnG.L=0 Bloc=np
RnG.H=1552 Ltch= no
CJC=Auto
ImP=Auto Idem AL 2, AL 4
Inst Conf AL3= FSH

Bloc=no
Unit=°C Ltch=no
DEc.P=nnnn
CtrL=Pid
Act=rEu
COOL=lin
PwrF=OFF CAL Conf HA conf 1A Conf
Pd.tr=no
FoP=no AdJ=no Id=Cm5 Id=dC.OP
Sbr.t=Sb.OP Pnt.L=0 Func=Cm5 Func=HEAT
LC.Hi=100 Pnt.H=100 Baud=9600 SENS=nor
OFS.L=0 Prty=nonE Out.L=1.0
OFS.H=0 rESn=Full Out.H=17.0
2A Conf 3A Conf Note: the buzzer relay (over-temperature Alarm) is situated

inside the between 3A and 3B 2216e outputs
id=nonE Id=rELY
Fiunc=nonE
SEnS=nor
IF2000G Page: 88
PARTS and SERIAL numbers

Name Model
2416 Eurotherm controller on IF200F Unit
2216e Eurotherm on IRF1600 Furnace
• IRF1600F Furnace Lanthanum Chromite
Windows XPE OEM

PCM-9579F-F0A1 Mother Card
Marcro ZOOM MLH-10X
Power Supply PS-150
RAM Dane Elec PC100-222-620 128MB
• IF2000G IF 2000G
• Monitor LCD
• Laser Printer Brother
Optical Mouse Trust
• Camera JAI CV-A60
Macro Zoom Computar Macro 10X

Image Card Imagenation PXC200-104-+options I/O
IF2000G Page: 89
SPARE PARTS
REF NOM
129 426 Bipolar Rocker Red
157 7006 Capsule halogene 50W 12V
161 2468 Fan Filter for FA80
167 8121 Fuse 5x20 slow 6.3A
167 8610 Fuse 6.3x32 3.5A quick
188 8110 Protector fuse 25A
198 2975 Flowmeter 30l/h
227 5133 Regleur micro-debit D4
236 3965 Male thermocouple connect.
236 3971 Fem. thermocouple connect.
245 9561IF Viton Flat ring
25A 440V Fus10#38+porte fus1038 Ferraz
307 0103 "Electrovalve 220VcA G1/8"""
317 594 Unipolar switch ON ON
320 060 'O'ring quartz window
331 540 Temp. switch 60°C N/O
380 6069 Fan
419 785 Fuse 3.15 A slow
425 156 Ceramic junction block
425 162 Ceramic junction block 30A
521 010C Heating Element chromite S
521 011B C Collar for 521 010C
521 011C Aluminium wire (meter)
540 F036 Quartz felt (250x250x5)
5674 353 'O' Ring comb. tube
129 016 'O' ring tray assembly
686 266 Furnace tray Handle
777 081 Pannel manometer :1/8
908-1KIT Kit Ceramic glue 2comp
IF BC3010 Micro-spatule 100mm
IF BC3445 Flexible Spatule
IF NA1 Plastic boats 44x44mm
IF2 20P IF2000F/G Window
IF2 210 Bronze ASTM+ISO mold
IF2 303E S Thermocouple 325mm
IF2 312CNC Zirconia fus. tray 18/12/0.5
IF2 325C2 Double fusion 4mm Tray (100p)
IF2 336 Ceramic bridge for IF2000G
IF2 5146 STD fus. palladium 50cm
IF2 5160 STD Fusion gold / 50 cm
IF2 5171 STD Fusion Nickel / 1 m
IF2 600 Dextrine
IF2 DCOH Pollu-meterlab CO-H2-CnH2n+2
IF2 F004G Sliding Ceramic tray IF2000F/G
IF2 F004C OBE Alumine exhaust tube D6x4mm
IF2 F004D COE Alumine thermocouple tube D6x4mm
IF2 GRID Stainless steel grid
IF2 RINGSET O'Ring Kit for IF2000F
IF2 S075 Fusion tube IF2000F/G COE
IF2 S075A Grid for Fusion tube IF2000F/G
IF2 S075B Fusion tube IF2000F/G 600mm OBE
MHL 10X Macro zoom Lens
PS-150 Main power
T25A D0 Aluminium wire 25A / 200mm
IF2000G Page: 90
9575 Layout
IF2000G Page: 91
9575 Connectors
IF2000G Page: 92
Award BIOS setup

Award’s BIOS ROM has a built-in Setup program that allows users to modify the basic system configuration. This type of
information is stored in battery-backed CMOS RAM so that it retains the Setup information when the power is turned off.
Entering setup
Power on the computer and press <Del> immediately. This will allow you to enter Setup.
Standard CMOS Features setup

When you choose the Standard CMOS Features option from the Initial Setup Screen menu, the screen shown below is displayed. This
standard Setup Menu allows users to configure system components such as date, time, hard disk drive, floppy drive and display. Once
a field is high-lighted, on-line help information is displayed in the left bottom of the Menu screen.
Frequency/Voltage Control
By choosing the Frequency/Voltage Control option from the Initial SetupScreen menu, the screen below is displayed. This sample
screen contains the manufacturer’s default values for the PCM-9575
IF2000G Page: 93
Advanced BIOS Features setup

By choosing the Advanced BIOS Features Setup option from the Initial Setup Screen menu, the screen below is displayed. This
sample screen contains the manufacturer’s default values for the PCM-9575 Series.
Advanced Chipset Features setup

By choosing the Advanced Chipset Features option from the Initial Setup Screen menu, the screen below is displayed. This sample
screen contains the manufacturer’s default values for the PCM-9575 Series.
IF2000G Page: 94
Integrated Peripherals
Choosing the Integrated Peripherals option from the Initial Setup Screen menu should produce the screen below. Here we see the
manufacturer’s default values for the PCM-9575 Series.
Power Management Setup

By choosing the Power Management Setup option from the Initial Setup Screen menu, the screen below is displayed. This sample
PnP/PCI Configurations
By choosing the PnP/PCI Configurations option from the Initial Setup Screen menu, the screen below is displayed. This sample
IF2000G Page: 95
SHV CABLING
IF2000G Page: 96
SHV PNEUMATIC
IF2000G Page: 97
IF2000G Page: 98
IF2000G Page: 99
IF2000G Cabling
IF2000G Page: 100
IF2000G Furnace Cabling March 2009
IF2000G Page: 101
IF CABLES
IF2000G Page: 102
IRF1600 CABLING
IF2000G Page: 104
HEATING Troubleshooting
The temperature furnace don’t increase :
The furnace front switch, situated below the 2216e furnace controller, is switching the furnace between the "INT" (Internal Mode) and
"EXT" (External Mode).
To run and test the furnace alone, set this switch on "INT" (Internal Mode), and set the 2216 controller at requested temperature : the
furnace, now independant of the 2416 Controller (situated in the Analyzer), the furnace must heat up to this set point .
If the furnace don't heat check inside the furnace:
- The correct fitting of all the connectors on the thyristor block
- The efficiency of the main 25A fuse situated near the thyristor block
- The connection between the thyristor block and the heating elements
- If one of the 4 heating elements connected in "serial mode" is not brocken .
If the furnace is working in "INT" (Internal Mode) and not working in "EXT" (External Mode) when the 2416 controller set point is
set at higher than the room temperature and the furnace front switch on "EXT":
- check if the the thyristor drive voltage is higher than 1Vcc (10Vcc maximum)
- If no thyristor Drive Voltage: check the electrical connection between the 2416 Controller Ouptut, the connexion cable between the
Analyzer and the Furnace
- If no voltage (1Vcc to 10Vcc) on the 2416 Controller output when the temperature set point is higher than the red temperature:
control and manually set the 2216 internal parameters parameters, like recommended in "Eurotherm " section of the manual
ANALYSIS AUTOMATICALLY ENDED :

1- According the selected Norm, the last point of the less fusible sample has been reached.
1-1 In CEN Norm the last point is the HALF of the height it has at the hemisphere point (Normal ending)
1-2 In ISO Norme, the last point is the THIRD ofthe height it has at the hemisphere point (Normal ending)
2- The temperature equals the maximum temperature set in the setup (Normal ending)
3- When the temperature recorded by the Eurotherm Device is 4°C less than the maximum temperature stored in the Setup
(Normal Ending)
Note: If the temperature correction set by the operator is -20°C by example at this level, the normal end will occure at
MAXIMUM-4°C, but,
the maximum recorded temperature by the system will be MAXIMUM-20-4.
Example: if you have set your MAXIMUM=1550°C in the setup, and if you have a correction of -20°C at the level of 1500°C, the
maximum
temperature recorded by the system will be 1550-20-4 = 1526°C,and the furnace has been shut down when the temperature indicated
by the Eurotherm was 1546
4- The furnace is unable tho reach the maximum temperature set in the setup according the selected temperature ramp.
In this case the furnace is automatically cooling down 15 minute after the theorical requested time needed to reach this maximum
temperature.
The reasons of this abnormal ending can be
4-1 - unsufficient voltage coming on the ouput of the Eurotherm.(10 Volts needed) when full power requested.If you cannot obtain 10
Volts, control and set the the Internal Eurotherm Parameters of the "1A Conf" has indicated in the manual
4-2 - Power limitation potentiometer placed on some thyristor units set too low
(A the maximum temperature, when you have 10 volts (Vcc) on the thyristor drive,the output on the heating elements must be 220Vac
4-3 If all these previous conditions are passed, you must change the heating elements.
5- the thermocouple is on the way to break, it has a failure, sometimes it send the correct temperature and sometimes 1650°C
because the junction is sometimes not continuous
5- An altered image of the samples in test has been sended to the analyzer and analysed as deasppeared sample.
TO CONTROL THE FURNACE EFFICIENCY:
METHOD 1: Set the furnace switch on "INT" (=Internal) mode, and gradually increase the setpoint of the furnace controller (2216e)
up to the maximum temperature to check.
METHOD 2 : Set the furnace switch on "EXT" (=External) mode, and gradually increase the setpoint of the Analyzer controller
(2416) up to the maximum temperature to check.
METHOD 3 : Inject a gradually voltage from 0 to 10 Vcc on the Thyristor Input
Control: The 3 switches on the furnace, the state of the Eurotherm controller (not set in manual mode), the cable connected between
the IF2000E and the furnace, the heating elements in the furnace.
OTHERS:
The furnace temperature is decreasing, without having a normal analysis end:
Too low power inside the furnace, the check the heating elements.
The “Aim ad Start” function don’t run correctly -: you forgot to select a norm with the “Set Norm” function
The “Aim and Start” function returns immediately without analysis
- the DLL working with the image card has been loaded , but unloaded in a regular way (Common Windows
problem) . You must restart the computer.
The sample is disappearing at high temperature:
The mechanical diaphragm on the camera has been changed must be set approximatively at 32, the Camera gain and trigger plugs
must be connected with the IF2000E.
IF2000G Page: 105
Note: If you change your camera lens, you must choose probably a new mechanical diaphragm value. To choose this value, you must
introduce a refractory sample in your furnace, raise the temperature a 700°C, create a view frame around this refractory sample, stop
the back light, set the electronic shutter at minimum value and increase the mechanical diaphragm value at the maximum level but
correct enough to separate the 2 picks in the histogram box.
After that, you can raise the furnace at is maximum of the temperature and be sure that the histogram stay correct when you set the
electronic shutter at the maximum value.
IMPORTANT PARAMETERS: the temperature controller and the camera
Internal communication problem with the Eurotherm Controller.
Poor contact with the thermocouple near the sample, RS232 Buffers set too large :
IF2000G Page: 106
IF2BIOMA01.EXE
The differences with the previous software IF2BIOMA.EXE
You don't need any more the grid inside the combustion tube, if you are working up to 1500°C
1- A SST point (Start of Shrinking temperature ) has been added in ISO norm for biofuels.
This point is in relation with the sensitivity factor :
ZT=0 ==> Start of Shrinking (on width or height) = 89%
.....
ZT=9 ==> Start of Shrinking (on width or hight) = 98% of the initial value
Note: 90% is the general shrinking of a pyramid in ASTM fusion mode often used to determine the initial point (no relation with the
rounding of the tip)
By default ZT is set at 0.
2-An Additional stop point added, for the evaporated samples without hemisphere shape:
In the ISO norm the Flow point is obtained when the sample has a 1/3 of the height that
it had at the hemispheric point. In some products , because of the continuous evaporation of some
components in the ash, the sample height and width will decrease without having the hemispherical shape. So it's impossible to reach
this point.
With the modification, the analysis will stop when the sample is smaller than 3 points.
3-A control on the regulated temperature has been added:

if the temperature in the furnace start to high or decreases because of a to long analysis time (Maximum power set to low or a
problem with the heating elements) , the analysis will automatically stop .
4-A diagnostic sample1.txt and sample2.txt file is created after each analysis in the IF2BIOMA\DBF
directory:
These files can be sent by Email for the service assistance (sylab@sylab.fr) , or also, can be used in Excel.
The values, separated with a coma are:
RED TEMPERATURE ,CORRECTED TEMPERATURE,CAMERA SHUTTER, SPECTRA LEFT, GREY LEVEL,SPECTRA
RIGHT, QUALITY NB, SAMPLE TRAY POSITION , SAMPLE HEIGHT, SAMPLE WIDTH ,TOP ROUNDING, CORNER
ROUNDING, Y FRAME LOCATION, FRAME HEIGHT, X FRAME LOCATION, FRAME WIDTH
5-End of the Analysis

After each analysis, the folders (curves, pictures, database) are no more staying in memory, so you can immediately find the results in
the database without closing and restarting the program.
6-Tray recognition:
The recognition of the tray has been modified to improve the light noise immunity in the determination of the tray position.
7-Radio frequencies:
The automatic setting of the Camera by the way of RS232 has been changed to improve the immunity in the communication between
the PC and this device (use of the mobile phones in the labs)
8-Fusion pictures and Fusion Film:

A fusion film (5°C per 5°C) is now automatically stored in the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM\ directory
Theses pictures are overwritted by the next analysis if you don't save them.
9-Heating elements
The temperature raise speed (before the ramp) has been decreased of 15% to preserve the life time of
the heating elements.
IF2000G Page: 107
HOW to install IF2BIOMA01.EXE

1- Copy IF2BIOMA01.EXE in the C:\IF2BIOMA directory
2- IMPORTANT : Create a "FILM" sub-directory in the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP directory (you will obtain this path :
C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM )
3- You can now run directly IF2BIOMA01.EXE in place of the previous IF2BIOMA.EXE or create a
shortcut on the Windows desktop
HOW to CONTROL the version program:
You will see:

Version: IF2BIOMA01.EXE 2004 Feb as a tittle in the main analysis folder
IF2BIOMA01A.EXE
Preliminary Note:
This modification concerning the network and some error message occuring during an analysis , has no effects on the results .
Software change
1-A change in the communication with the temperature controller as been made.
Reason:
With some networks, we can observ a communication error like "the device is not open" , because of a sharing time interference with
the RS232 communication process.
Software Modification:
The system is no more sharing the network process and the communication process with the temperature controller.
Observations:
No changes for the user, you can use the network during the analysis time.
Note:
you can disturb an analysis if a file is open in the same time by the analyzer and by a network user.
2-A control bar for the scanning speed has been added:
You can now, if necessary, increase or decrease the scanning time (total time
used generally for one measurement, icluding the setting of the camera with the
RS232 port, the dialogue with the temperature controller with the second RS232 port,
the image process, the measurement process and the screen operations).
A scroll bar let you change this time between 0.1 second and 2 seconds.
This bar is automatically set at 0.5 second for the scanning speed
IMPORTANT OBSERVATION FOR THE NORM SELECTION :

For the IF2BIOMAxx.exe softwares, all the enhancements are acting especially
with the ISO Norm.
If you are analyzing biomass products, choose the ISO Norm.
IF2BIOMA08 (May 2007)

The CEN experimental Norm is exchanged with CEN/TS 15404 for the fusion of biomass adhes.
IF2BIOMA09 (Nov 2007)

Information concerning the shrinkage, the volume and the form factor are now displayed during the analysis. The use of the form
factor is also inatalled in ISO Norm for the determination of the Initial point.
Th help the users making their own mixture of reducing gases (CO2/CO) or (H2/CO2) directly with the Analyzer, in the gaz selection
section, 2 options have been added : H2 and CO. The analyser is now able to run in fully automatic mode for these users.
The OX inlet must bue connected to the compressed air source (tank at 1 bar or pump)
The N2 (neutral) inlet must be connected to N2 or to CO2 tank (set at 1 bar)
IF2000G Page: 108
IF2BIOMA01B.EXE
Software changes
1-A change in the communication with the Camera

Reason:
At high speed or with slow computers some communication errors can occur
Software changes:
Communication with the camera is not allowed in some circumstances
Observations: No change in the results
Note:
2-A change during the setting frame stage

Reason:
To be able to observ the dimensions and the recorderd shapes during the setting time.
The light on/off button let you see how is performed the measurement during a normal
analysis cycle.
The camera is automatically setted according the light value in the frame area
Observations: No change in the results
Note:
3-A change in the Analysis frame height modification

Reason:
When the image is bad and the analysis is difficult during a long time, the record of the heigth of the
sample can be rejected and set at 0 . To avoid a decreasing of the measure frame height
in thes cases this height value is rejected.
If the height of the sample is 0, the frame height is not modified.
Observations: No changes in frame height with bad illuminations.
4-A change in the shrink determination

Reason:
When you restart the analysis at a temperature > at 500°C , the intial height at width
of the sample , usually mesured before 400°C is not determined. To avoid a false
determination of this parameter, the shrinking value is not determined in these cases.
The shrink value is not computed id the analysis is restarted at a temperature > at 350°C.
Observations: No shrink value in these cases. The message "Erreur 11 / Division par zero"
is no more displayed in these cases.
IF2000G Page: 109
IF2BIOMA02.exe May 2004

1-A change in the Analysis frame
Reason:
When the image is bad and the analysis is difficult during a long time, the record of the height of the
sample can be rejected and set at 0 . To avoid a decreasing of the measure frame height
in these cases this height value is rejected.
If the height of the sample is 0, the frame height is not modified.
Observations: No changes in frame height with bad illuminations.
2-A change in the shrink determination

Reason:
When you restart the analysis at a temperature > at 500°C , the initial height at width
of the sample , usually measured before 400°C is not determined. To avoid a false
determination of this parameter, the shrinking value is not determined in these cases.
The shrink value is not computed id the analysis is restarted at a temperature > at 350°C.
Observations: No shrink value in these cases. The message "Erreur 11 / Division par zero"
is no more displayed in these cases.
3-A change in the reducing gas control

The "Neutral" and the "Reducing" valve stay both open in the reducing "RE"
analysis mode was a way to use separate CO2 and H2 gas inlet to avoid to buy the expensive
mixtures ready to use "CO2 + H2" .The CO2 gas through the "Neutral" inlet and the H2 gas through the "Reducing" inlet.
In the case the mixture (N2 + H2) produced the reducing power is not efficient enough to
reduce the Fe0/Fe203 oxides contained in the ash.
So now the system will automatically close the N2 gas and open the H2 gas.
The <N2 on>, <N2 off> buttons are allowed during the analysis for making your own gas mixtures.
A change in the top and in the corner recognition

The separation between the sample and the background was performed on on pixel
only . Because noise in some cases, now this is made with a matrix of 2x2 pixels.
A black line is reported on the sample to show where is computed this separation.
Observation: generally a better precision in the "rounding" determination.
Initial deformation point

The initial temperature determination can be affected by an illumination problem, and then the corners could dissapear during a while
. With this modification, if the corner are sighted after a detected initial deformation ,the first initial deformation temperature is
erased.
A change in the top and in the corner recognition

The separation between the sample and the background was performed on on pixel
only . Because of noise in some cases, now this is made with a matrix of 2x2 pixels.
IF2000G Page: 110
A black line is reported on the sample to show where is computed this separation.
Observation: generally a better precision in the "rounding" determination.
IMPORTANT CHANGE : New camera parameters=> YOU MUST USE A GRID IN THE TUBE
Up now the camera gain was set at 100-120, for high temperature determination this gain
can result in a disappearance of the samples at 1450-1500°C according the use or not of
a grid inside the tube.
Now, during the analysis, the gain is automatically changed by software, so you can mesure up to
1570°C but you MUST USE A GRID inside the tube.
Because it is possible to set the camera with any parameter, now, each time you restart an
analysis some important parameters are reset in the camera
"AS=0" ' no automatic shutter
"GA=10" ' value for the gain

"WC=125" ' value for the white level
Initial deformation point

The initial temperature determination can be affected by an illumination problem, and then
the corners could dissapear during a while . With this modification, if the corner are
sighted after a detected initial deformation ,the first initial deformation temperature is erased.
IF2000G Page: 111
IF2BIOMA03 (Jul 2004)

Reasons:
The introduction of the ASTM E953-88(2004) working exclusively with sharp pyramids on RDF samples is the main reason of the
change in the level number of the software. The main changes are concerning the way to compute the changes in the tip of the sample.
Curves :
Some curves are including "holes of measurements", a correction is made before drawing.
Tip of the cone when the light is on:

When the light is ON and the camera SHUTTER is set to low, the tip of the ASTM shape can be
difficult to observ with precision. The measurement of the tip is not performed in this case.
A change in the tip measurement for ASTM samples:

In case of the examination of the pyramid tip, the pixels number is small ,
to increase the sensitivity and to decrease the noise for the TIP measurement a change
has been done.
The automatic Threshold determination:

The automatic threshold is now set close to the mean grey value of the sample, to limit the grey noise generated by a durty
background (grid oxydation and other deposited products)
5- ASTM Norm E953-88(2004)

The ASTM Norm is now adapted for the: E953-88(2004) for the fusibility of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Ash
A new composite tray and other quality in fusion trays are used with this norm.
IF2000G Page: 112
IF2BIOMA04 (Feb 2005)

Reasons:
According the template for the preparation of CEN standards CEN/TC 335/WG 4 N149 the following software modificationsare now
included in the IF2BIOMA04.EXE file.
- The Shrinkage Starting Temperature (SST) is set at follow
If the Width, or the Height of the sample has changed more than a % of theses dimensions measured at 500°C, the SST temperature
is recorded.
When you start an analysis without any change of the sensitivity factuot, ZT= 0
Otherwise:
.....
ZT=9 ==> Start of Shrinking (on width or height) = 98% of the initial value
Note: 90% is the general shrinking of a pyramid in ASTM fusion mode often used to determine the initial point (no relation with the
rounding of the tip)
By default ZT is set at 0 so the SST is 89% of the initial height or width measured at 500°C
Note: Why 89% ? Nby default: because this value was used in some labs on pyramids to estimate the initial temperature when they
didn’t have an
equipment able to record the rounding of the pyramid tip.
- The Deformation Temperature (DT): Is the temperature at witch the “Rounding Coins” computed point is equal to 76+ZT (ZT is
the sensitivity choosen between 1 and 10 before to start the analysis) so, this value is 76 when the sensitivity is 0 (general case) . If,
because of a light problem, the system can’t give you a correct value for the DT point, you can retreive it on the recorded “Rounding
Curve”(see below an example)
- The Hemisphere Temperature (HT): when the piece forms approximatively an hemisphere (H=W)
- The Flow Temperature (FT) : When th e Hight is equal half the Height of the sample at Hemispere temperature.
The New Setup
The CEN norm replace the DIN norm. When you start the IF2BIOMA04.exe software , the setup file
C:\IF2BIOMA\SYL\PARAM2.SYL initially like that :
3, DIN, 10, 400, 1500, OX, 400, 900, 0, ISO, 8, 400, 1550, OX, 400, 900, -2, ASTM, 8, 400, 1500, OX, 200, 900, -6, AFNOR, 10,
400, 1450, OX, 200, 900, -10, BRITISH, 10, 400, 1450, RE, 200, 900, -14, JIS, 10, 400, 1450, RE, 200, 900, -18, AUSTRALIAN, 10,
400, 1380, RE, 200, 900, -18, X1, 10, 400, 1450, RE, 200, ....
Will be automatically modified as
3, CEN/TC 335/WG, 10, 400, 1500, OX, 400, 900, 0, ISO, 8, 400, 1550, OX, 400, 900, -2, ASTM, 8, 400, 1500, OX, 200, 900, -6,
AFNOR, 10, 400, 1450, OX, 200, 900, -10, BRITISH, 10, 400, 1450, RE, 200, 900, -14, JIS, 10, 400, 1450, RE, 200, 900, -18,
AUSTRALIAN, 10, 400, 1380, RE, 200, 900, -18, X1, 10, 400, 1450, RE, 200,...
IF2000G Page: 113
IF2BIOMA05A (Nov 2006)

ATMOSPHERE : for ALL THE NORMS, before the temperature at wich the selected atmosphere will flow around the sample, the
analyzer open the "OXYDIZING" valve, then the "NEUTRAL" valve and then the selected (OXYDIZING or REDUCING) .
Reason: cones used for ASTM and other norms are very difficult to manufacture, especially with biomass ashes. So, the users are
generally adding a lot of glue (dextrin) to stick the samples. This glue, in reducing atmospheres starting at the temperature of 500°C or
less will turn in graphite, and sometimes result in a not fused "ash" made of graphite and minerals. This problem don't exist for poeple
working with cylinders or cubes in European norms because the addition of dextrin is not necessary. For these cone shapes in
reducing mode, we recommand to select a temperature of 800°C for the reducing gas, to be sure that the dextrin is fully oxidized
INITIAL CAMERA SETUP: using the "camera" folder, in the software, it's possible to setup the camera. To limit the problems due
to uncorrect parameters when an analysis is started, the software reset some important parameters.
C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM : The fusion film is stored in this directory during the analysis. All the prevoius pictures, with the same
name are overvritten. Now, when you start an analysis , if the \BMP\FILM sub-directory don't exist, the program will create it.
To preserv a film, when the analysis is finished, just rename the "\FILM" directory.
SPECIAL FUNCTION: during the analysis, it's impossible to manually shut off or open the valves and the light. If you need to do
that, just double-click on the top of the anlysis folder, the 2nd folder will come back allow you to do it.(not recommended)
DOWNLOAD The ACTUAL SOFTWARE: The last possibility is to connect you at this address to dowload the file:
http://www.sylab.fr/cdr/if2bio~1.zip
unzip this file, you obtain, the main IF2BIOMA0x.EXE that you can run in place of your previous software
IF2BIOMA07 (Jan 2007)

International norms and simulation when trying to compare the stored results according the choosen Norm.
IF2000G Page: 114
The RED (reducing) inlet must be connected to H2 or CO tank (set at 1 bar)
If reducing atmosphere (H2) has been selected for the test: the following gas sequence will flow through the furnace tube
1 Air (OX) will flow up to "°C GAS ON" temperature
2 Air (OX) will be stopped. Neutral gas (CO2) will flow alone during 4 minutes
3 Reducing gas (H2) will flow simultaneousely with "Neutral " (CO2) through the furnace tube up to the end of the analysis
If reducing atmosphere (CO) has been selected for the test: the following gas sequence will flow through the furnace tube
1 Air (OX) will flow up to "°C GAS ON" temperature
2 Air (OX) will be stopped. Neutral gas (CO2) will flow alone during 4 minutes
3 Reducing gas (CO) will flow simultaneousely with "Neutral " (CO2) through the furnace tube up to the end of the analysis
Be sure, before to run an analysis in RE, or H2, or CO mode, than the tank containing the "Neutral gas" (N2 or CO2) is not
empty
IF2BIOMA10 (Jan 2008)

The sofware is now working up to 4 samples. We recommend to use this possibility with pyramids. Using this feature with cylinders,
will decrease the magnification and decrease the precision. For 3mm x 3mm cylinders, a 2 stage tray can be used.
A security switch for nitrogen has been added : the gases are stopped, the lamp will stay off, if there is not enough pressure in the
"Neutral gas" cylinder.
• Additional controls
1 - Camera Control.
The camera is normally controlled by sofware (Gain, Shutter .....) according the image spectra of each sample in the analysis frame.
When the analyzer is working in good conditions (regular light, good camera alignment, clean window) , the camera is able to run inl
automatic mode, adjusting the gain during the analysis. The sofware will only change the camera shutter when necessary. The dialog
time between the computer and the camera is reduced, so you can increase the analysis speed. Because of the particular light
conditions during an ash fusion analysis, you must set the following parameters at the recommended values:
AG=10 (low AGC Level)
SU=10 (low Setup Level)
WC=10 (Low White clip level)
To set the camera with these parameters, do as follow:
Select Set Camera Fill prameter ex: AG=10 Hit Quest to Control the
camera parameters
Once the 3 parameters setted into the camera, during the analysis, you can hit the <Full auto>
Button to run in Automatic Camera Mode ( the check box will be checked) . If you wan to continue the analysis with the camera
under software control, you mus Hit the <Soft Ctrl> button.
In this mode, you can also connect other camera than JAI AV-60, or also make analysis from a recorded video signal .
For image analysis simulation using a movie on a video tape, we recommend to hit both <simulation>
and <Full Auto> Buttons
IF2BIOMA10 (IF210XP-4RESOL July 2008)

1-The main picture size is increased *2 to become more confortable for the eyes during the settings and the analysis.
IF2000G Page: 115
2-All the pictures (movies and reports) and control files ( .txt) are now stored in the sub directory: C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM.
To preserve a full assay, just copy or rename this directory.
3-As additional reports, the analyser print the individual deformation stages of each of the 4 simultaneous analysis.
4-The report files can be automatically converted into .pdf electronic files at the end of the analysis
IF2BIOMA10 (IF210XP-4RESOL2 Sept 2008)

1- Because of automatic reports as pdf files, the user is requested for answers about the file locations, the names ... To stop the furnace
in any cases, the printing sequence has been modified. The users printing on standard printers are not concerned with this
modification
1 0-551C means SAMPLE 1 , 3 4-774C means SAMPLE 3

as introduced ar 551°C stage 3 (hemispere) at 774°C
IF2000G Page: 116
IF2BIOMA11 (IF211XP Aug 2009)

The main modifications are concernig large dimension pyramid samples, and the use of pyramid shapes for multiple analysis with
biomass ashes having large difference in emissivity at temperature higher than 650°C . These modifications are not applied to shapes
like cubes or cylinders.
Some rare samples can fuse like metals (very short temperature range between initial point and fluid state), the intermediary points are
computed, without picture.
VERTICAL MISALIGNMENT AND NOISE GENERATION
IF2000G Page: 117
IF212 June 2010

The modifification is only on the final report:
Before printing the folder showing the fusion points, the user can "slide" the pictures, to adjust the computed points with his own
observation.
IF2000G Page: 118
INSPECTION AND QUALITY CERTIFICATE

CONFORMITY DECLARATION of THE MANUFACTURER of the
Analyzer IF2000G
IRF1500/IRF1600 CEM tests
IRF1500/IRF1600 CEM tests
SYLAB SYSTEMES DE LABORATOIRES declares that the Furnace IRF1600 and the Analytical Unit IF2000 are in conformity
with the European rules 72/73/EEC concerning the electrical security and in conformity with:
-EN61010-1 1990 Security for the electrical equipments for measure, control and laboratory use.
-IEC1010-2-010 part 2 : Specification for heating instruments in the laboratory
Results Of The Cem Tests
NORM CLASS IF2000 IRF1600

EN55011 B yes Yes
EN55011 B yes yes
EN6100-4-2 RAS RAS
CE Certificate made by Sylab, the manufacturer Januar 2007

C. Pivovard
We herewith confirm that the SYLAB products manufacturing to the quality you require.
Thanks to a thorough inspection before shipment, the instrument, together with its accessories, the consumption materials and spare
parts, are free of manufacturing defects and will provide excellent performance. When treated in a proper way for the required
application, according to the specifications from our offer, our order acknowledgment and in accordance with our catalogue
specifications, the above products will show good results, and therefore will be used to your entire satisfaction.
Christian Pivovard
IF2000G Page: 120
In comparison with CAF ash fusion system ,

IF2000F/FCA/G is in large advance
A- IF2000F/FCA/G Is following exactly the latest CEN (european) Norms for Biomass Ashes, Carbolite CAF can run only
Pyramids, not allowed in European Norms.
CAF: Cannot run the european Norms, only Pyramids, cannot work with zirconia trays as recommended in CEN Norms
B- IF2000F/FCA/G:Each selected norm is automatically driven with it's individually suitable ramp, start temperature, stop
temperature and atmosphere.
CAF: The operator must set start temperature on the furnace controller by hand, and the maximum recommended temperature is
1500°C
C- IF2000F/FCA: in the high temperature furnace, the sample can reach 1600°C or 1720°C (IF2000G: 1800°C on Lanthanum
Chromite heating elements surface, so, analysis up to 1720°C)
CAF: in the furnace the sample can reach 1550°C (1600°C on the Silicon carbide heating elements surface)
(Note the co-firing plants in development are requiring 1600°C on the samples in test)
D- IF2000F/FCA/G: The operator choose a Norm and all measurements are automatically performed in real time during the
fusion. If all the samples are fused, the system stops heating, gases, print , store the reports, the movies and individual pictures
even if the operator is not present. Anybody in the lab can start and report the results of the test
CAF: even if all the samples are fused, the furnace will continue to heat up to the maximum temperature. An experimented operator
must be present to interpret the stored pictures and estimate the fusion points.
E- IF2000F/FCA/G: The same analyzer can use N2,air, CO2, CO, H2, CO/CO2 mixtures, H2/CO2 mixtures to performs the
tests in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres.
CAF: the furnace is not the same for using H2/CO2 and CO/CO2 atmospheres
F- IF2000F/FCA/G: in case of neutral purge gas not present (empty tank), even when the analysis is started and nobody is in
the lab, will stop all the other gases and will continue the analysis in "static" atmosphere, even if that is occurring during the
reducing gas flush stage.
CAF: only a buzzer and lights are activated, the furnace must be turned off.
G- IF2000F/FCA/G: The "Start" of flushing of the reducing gas is suitable and automatically recall with the selected norm, in
addition, the system will really flush the sample with oxidizing atmosphere (air) up to this temperature, then flush neutral gas,
and then flush reducing gas as recommended in the Norms using pyramid samples.
CAF: According the furnace (CO/CO2) or (H2/CO2) the "Start" of flushing of neutral gas not suitable an any temperature .
H- IF2000F/FCA/G: is running an image analysis software with automatic determination of fusion points and automatic
reports and movies
CAF: is running only a "video" sotware, to store and review the fusions.
I- IF2000G: is delivered in standard model with an air pump attached for the test in oxidizing atmosphere (no connection to
pressurized air network necessary)
This pump can be orderer as "extra" part with IF2000F/FCA
J- IF2000G: is delivered in standard mode with an independent "air quality" tester, very sensitive to CO and H2 . You can
place it anywhere in the lab using CO or H2, because as security reason, a CO or H2 leak can occur anywhere between the
tanks and the output of the tube furnace.(the analytical compartment is secure with a flush of neutral gaz)
This device can be ordered as "Additional" device with your IF2000F/FCA order
K- IF2000F/FCA/G: temperature ramp is suitable up to 12°C, for speed reason is better of set the temperature at the
maximum allowed in the Norms, so, a ramp of 10°C is chosen by most users.
CAF: because the furnace dimensions, the ceramics and heating elements, the controller is set as 7°C, when the Norm recommend
8+-2°C , the analysis time is at least 20% more than a test made with IF2000F/FCA/G
IF2000G Page: 121
L- IF2000F/FCA/G: the software is a real software developed for the ash fusion test, all the individual parameters are
individually measured, computed, stored even the shapes of the samples are automatically recognized (you can run any shape
from 3mm x 3 m.m. cube or cylinder up to sharp or truncated 19mm pyramids), the software will automatically recognize
them, and measure or the corners or the tips according the ISO, or CEN, or ASTM, or GBT recommendations, compute the
individual shrinks, volumes, form factors ,fusion points....
CAF: you get only a system to capture the images, you need the help of an experimented user, playing with a computer and losing
time for the interpretation.
M- IF2000F/FCA/G: Volume of the OBE longer tube: 1.2 liters/50mm inner diameter, smaller 0.88 liters /50 mm inner
diameter ==> according the norm the Normalized reducing gas flow rate is 400mm/minute , so, you need 0.78 l/mn during the
reducing mode stage with and automatic shut down of the gases and furnace if the samples are fused before the settled
maximum temperature.
CAF: Volume of the OBE tube 3.18 liters, internal diameter 79mm, , so you need a flush of 1.95 liter/minute , so as the analysis time
is 20% less minimum with IF2000F/G (even if we don't count the automatic stop when the samples are fused), the gas consumption
with a CAF is AT MINIMUM the double that with an IF2000F/G
N- The IF2000F/FCA/G electrical consumption is less than the half of the power needed for a CAF.
O- IF2000F/FCA/G: according ISO, any shape from cylinder to pyramid can be used for the fusion test. The necessary ash
volume needed with a pyramid is at least 5 times the volume to manufacture a cylinder 3mm x 3mm, so according the low ash
content (<2%) and chemical specificity current biomass ashes (Na2O and K2O content) the pyramid shape is NOT
RETAINED for the fusion test in cofiring (Coal+Biomass) plants.
CAF : is only designed for pyramid shapes
P- IF2000F/FCA/G allows the user to replay the whole analysis, with the same Norm or an other Norm, only using the stored
movie made during the initial analysis, and that , in a high speed automatic mode.
CAF allows only the user to look at the archieved film
Q- IF2000F/FCA/G allows the user to adjust, if necessary, the individual pictures of the samples and the associated corrected
temperature, inside the final report, before archiving or remittance to the final customer.
CAF is unable to run this kind of feature
Others:
LOADING TIME: How many time required to prepare only one plus or minus correct ash pyramid ?, you need less than 20 seconds
to extrude 4 perfect cylinder shapes.
You can prepare any ash extruded cylinder and manipulate without the use of dextrin, nobody can do that with a pyramid, and the use
of oil to agglomerate a pyramid is not allowed in reducing atmosphere without the use of a pre-burn stage in air.
ANALYSIS CRASHES: Who is experimented with ash fusion test using samples as pyramids shapes, knows that pyramids can fall
during fusions.
The molten ash can stick the sample carrier to the sample tray, you loose an analysis and an expensive sample carrier.
With small samples, this fact is rarely observed.
• AS CONCLUSION:
We can't compare the IF2000F/G with a CAF.
The IF2000F/G is an automatic ash fusion system working with real image analysis and computing results according the
international Norms, for actual coal plants, actual biomass plants, future cogeneration plants.
CAF is a tubular furnace with two sealed ends and a view port through witch a ordinary camera is storing pictures on an ordinary
computer hard disk, no compatible with European Norms, and unable to run 12 different biomass ash samples in one cycle.
To proove it, just send to SYLAB 12 different Biomass Ash samples, you will get results 24H afer receipt, and do the same with the
CAF manufacturer , you will probably never receive the film showing the 12 fusions analysis made in one cycle.

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IF2000G Page: 1

IF2000F & IF2000G & SHV-IF

New Table of Contents

Adjust the camera alignment 65

HEATING Troubleshooting 104

Laboratory requirements before the IF2000 Installation

Heating Elements and Furnace Lamp

HEATING ELEMENTS: Furnace

HEATING ELEMENTS: Furnace front

Before to Connect the Furnace to the

Step to step IF2000 installation procedure

3-2 From the tanks to the analyzer unit

• 10 YOUR ANALYZER IS NOW READY TO RUN

1- connect the 3 inlets (Ox, Red, N2) in parallel .

IMPORTANT When you are working with reducing Atmospheres:

Working with reducing atmospheres:

1- If you have a ready to use mixture CO+CO2 in a bottle:

Carbon Monoxide ppm Effect

Effects of cumulative exposure to CO:

CO concentration (ppm *) in air Inhalation time and symptoms

Laboratory requirements before the SHV-IF Installation

Step to step SHV-IF installation procedure

• 9 Gas Flow Setup

Consumables and spares

IFS 075 Combustion for IF2000F/G

IF2 S075D Silicone stopper Holder 20W for IF2000G

IF2 210 - ASTM and ISO bronze mold

IF2 GRID4 Silica wool diffusing disc

IF2 336 Alumina 99..8 Bridge

IF2 S075B Open both end fusion tube

IFTPF 231 Grid for IF2000F/ASTM

This grid is used in COE tubes, especially

IF2 S075FCA 50W illuminator IF2000FCA COE

This illuminator is used with open fusion tubes when

IF2 312CNC - Ceramic fusion trays 18x12x0.5

RELATED Products: IF2 GRID, IF2 S075B, IF2

IF2 S075E PTFE diffusing filter

IF2 BC3010 Micro spatula (L=100mm )

IF2 BC3300 Spatula for poxders (L=130mm)

IF2 BC3445 Flexible spatula

IF2 F004C Alumina tube OBE

188 8110 - Quick fuse protector

IF2 RINGSET - Set of O’Ring for IF2000

IF2 5160 - Gold wire standard (0.5mm x

IF2 N2KIT Security KIT for Neutral Gas

GBW 11114 Ash fusion reference material

IF2 DCOH CO & H2 level indicator

SPECIFIC PARTS FOR SHV-IF ANALYZERS

MoSi2 Heating Element

Standards ready to use (coal ashes)

Consumables and spares

IF2 312CNC - Ceramic fusion trays 520 073SHV10 Combustion for

1- Place the samples on the trays

3- Push the furnace tray into the combustion tube.

4- Close the furnace*

12- Click on <Start Analysis> button

13- The connected printer must be ON LINE

stored in the C:\IF2BIOMA\BMP\FILM directory

POSITIONING THE SAMPLE

YES YES YES

INCORRECT INCORRECT MAGNIFICATION

1- To Select the norm

3 - To memorize the new parameters

4- To send the ramp profile to the regulator