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Single Box Culvert Structural Design 2.3m X 1.8m
Single Box Culvert Structural Design 2.3m X 1.8m
PROJECT : PJE
JOB NO :
DESIGNED BY : ILLAHI
DATE : 16-Aug-23
INPUT DATA
ASSUMPTIONS
Max.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.6
Min.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.2
(BASED ON BS5400:PART 2)
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 30 N/mm2
fy = 460 N/mm2
::
685213328.xls 1
BOX CULVERT ANALYSIS
UNFACTORED LOAD
*Note:
Dispersion of wheel load is taken as 2:1 in soil (BS5400 :pt 2)
For depth of fill 6.0m > depth > 1.8m , consider 2 axles only
ANALYSIS OF BOX
(A) CASE 1 : For max.BM and shear on wall & max. hogging
BM at corners, consider max. lateral earth
pressure acting on the wall in empty
condition.
P1 ------> ! A where
! P1, P2 = earth pressure
!
!
P2 ------> ! B
P1 = 23.18 kN/m2
P2 = 58.82 kN/m2
Joints A B
AD AB BA BC
DF 0.54 0.46 0.46 0.54
FEM -33.6 10.1 -12.0 36.2
12.6 10.9 -11.2 -13.0
-5.6 5.4
3.0 2.6 -2.5 -2.9
-1.3 1.3
0.7 0.6 -0.6 -0.7
-0.3 0.3
0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2
---------------------------------------
-17.1 17.1 -19.5 19.5
---------------------------------------
::
(B) CASE 2 : For max.sagging moment in the top & bottom
slab, consider min.lateral earth pressure
acting on the box.
P1 = 7.73 kN/m2
P2 = 19.61 kN/m2
685213328.xls 2
DESIGN MOMENT ENVELOPE
Hogging moment at bottom corners = 19.49 kNm/m 19.49
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN
Hogging Steel at Bottom Corners :
(i) Slab
K= 0.01091206 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 241.00 > 231.8
As(req)= 210 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.021457933 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 169.75 > 165.3
As(req)= 295 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.018876917 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 170.27 > 165.3
As(req)= 259 mm2/m
::
Sagging Steel at Top Slab :
K= 0.021304116 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 238.08 > 231.8
As(req)= 410 mm2/m
REINFORCEMENT PROVISION
(A) SUPPORT STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 366 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm /m
2
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 295 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm2/m
685213328.xls 3
(B) MIDSPAN STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 250 c/c
As (req) = 410 mm2/m
As (prov) = 452 mm2/m
::
(II) BOTTOM SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 250 c/c
As (req) = 434 mm2/m
As (prov) = 452 mm2/m
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 261 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm2/m
SHEAR CHECK
(i) Base
Shear = 38.05 kN
Shear stress v = 0.16 N/mm2
ps = 0.15 %
vc = 0.41 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
(ii) Wall
Shear = 18.44 kN
Shear stress v = 0.11 N/mm2
ps = 0.22 %
vc = 0.50 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
685213328.xls 4
Kumpulan Jurutera Perunding
PROJECT : PJE
JOB NO :
DESIGNED BY : ILLAHI
DATE : 16-Aug-23
INPUT DATA
ASSUMPTIONS
Max.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.6
Min.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.2
(BASED ON BS5400:PART 2)
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 30 N/mm2
fy = 460 N/mm2
::
685213328.xls 5
BOX CULVERT ANALYSIS
UNFACTORED LOAD
*Note:
Dispersion of wheel load is taken as 2:1 in soil (BS5400 :pt 2)
For depth of fill 6.0m > depth > 1.8m , consider 2 axles only
ANALYSIS OF BOX
(A) CASE 1 : For max.BM and shear on wall & max. hogging
BM at corners, consider max. lateral earth
pressure acting on the wall in empty
condition.
P1 ------> ! A where
! P1, P2 = earth pressure
!
!
P2 ------> ! B
P1 = 42.98 kN/m2
P2 = 78.62 kN/m2
Joints A B
AD AB BA BC
DF 0.54 0.46 0.46 0.54
FEM -24.8 15.5 -17.4 27.4
5.0 4.3 -4.7 -5.4
-2.3 2.2
1.2 1.1 -1.0 -1.2
-0.5 0.5
0.3 0.2 -0.3 -0.3
-0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1
---------------------------------------
-18.2 18.2 -20.5 20.5
---------------------------------------
::
(B) CASE 2 : For max.sagging moment in the top & bottom
slab, consider min.lateral earth pressure
acting on the box.
P1 = 14.33 kN/m2
P2 = 26.21 kN/m2
685213328.xls 6
DESIGN MOMENT ENVELOPE
Hogging moment at bottom corners = 20.53 kNm/m 20.53
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN
Hogging Steel at Bottom Corners :
(i) Slab
K= 0.011495478 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 240.84 > 231.8
As(req)= 221 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.022605192 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 169.51 > 165.3
As(req)= 310 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.020024176 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 170.04 > 165.3
As(req)= 275 mm2/m
::
Sagging Steel at Top Slab :
K= 0.014717983 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 239.94 > 231.8
As(req)= 283 mm2/m
REINFORCEMENT PROVISION
(A) SUPPORT STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 366 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm /m
2
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 310 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm2/m
685213328.xls 7
(B) MIDSPAN STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 366 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm2/m
::
(II) BOTTOM SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 366 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm2/m
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 261 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm2/m
SHEAR CHECK
(i) Base
Shear = 28.81 kN
Shear stress v = 0.12 N/mm2
ps = 0.15 %
vc = 0.41 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
(ii) Wall
Shear = 27.09 kN
Shear stress v = 0.16 N/mm2
ps = 0.22 %
vc = 0.50 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
685213328.xls 8
Kumpulan Jurutera Perunding
PROJECT : PJE
JOB NO :
DESIGNED BY : ILLAHI
DATE : 16-Aug-23
INPUT DATA
ASSUMPTIONS
Max.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.6
Min.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.2
(BASED ON BS5400:PART 2)
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 30 N/mm2
fy = 460 N/mm2
::
685213328.xls 9
BOX CULVERT ANALYSIS
UNFACTORED LOAD
*Note:
Dispersion of wheel load is taken as 2:1 in soil (BS5400 :pt 2)
For depth of fill 6.0m > depth > 1.8m , consider 2 axles only
ANALYSIS OF BOX
(A) CASE 1 : For max.BM and shear on wall & max. hogging
BM at corners, consider max. lateral earth
pressure acting on the wall in empty
condition.
P1 ------> ! A where
! P1, P2 = earth pressure
!
!
P2 ------> ! B
P1 = 43.47 kN/m2
P2 = 89.01 kN/m2
Joints A B
AD AB BA BC
DF 0.46 0.54 0.54 0.46
FEM -118.1 27.2 -31.2 126.8
41.5 49.4 -51.9 -43.7
-26.0 24.7
11.9 14.1 -13.4 -11.3
-6.7 7.0
3.1 3.6 -3.8 -3.2
-1.9 1.8
0.9 1.0 -1.0 -0.8
---------------------------------------
-60.8 60.8 -67.8 67.8
---------------------------------------
::
(B) CASE 2 : For max.sagging moment in the top & bottom
slab, consider min.lateral earth pressure
acting on the box.
P1 = 14.49 kN/m2
P2 = 29.67 kN/m2
685213328.xls 10
DESIGN MOMENT ENVELOPE
Hogging moment at bottom corners = 67.78 kNm/m 67.78
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN
Hogging Steel at Bottom Corners :
(i) Slab
K= 0.026138499 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 285.20 > 279.3
As(req)= 606 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.060030484 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 180.06 < 184.3
As(req)= 941 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.053824019 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 181.61 < 184.3
As(req)= 836 mm2/m
::
Sagging Steel at Top Slab :
K= 0.049387571 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 276.87 < 279.3
As(req)= 1156 mm2/m
REINFORCEMENT PROVISION
(A) SUPPORT STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 200 c/c
As (req) = 544 mm2/m
As (prov) = 565 mm /m
2
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 100 c/c
As (req) = 941 mm2/m
As (prov) = 1131 mm2/m
685213328.xls 11
(B) MIDSPAN STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 16 spacing 150 c/c
As (req) = 1156 mm2/m
As (prov) = 1340 mm2/m
::
(II) BOTTOM SLAB
use Y 16 spacing 150 c/c
As (req) = 1223 mm2/m
As (prov) = 1340 mm2/m
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 300 c/c
As (req) = 291 mm2/m
As (prov) = 377 mm2/m
SHEAR CHECK
(i) Base
Shear = 125.72 kN
Shear stress v = 0.43 N/mm2
ps = 0.22 %
vc = 0.44 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
(ii) Wall
Shear = 44.90 kN
Shear stress v = 0.23 N/mm2
ps = 0.58 %
vc = 0.67 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
685213328.xls 12
Kumpulan Jurutera Perunding
PROJECT : PJE
JOB NO :
DESIGNED BY : ILLAHI
DATE : 16-Aug-23
INPUT DATA
ASSUMPTIONS
Max.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.6
Min.coefficient of lateral
earth pressure = 0.2
(BASED ON BS5400:PART 2)
MATERIAL PROPERTIES
fcu = 30 N/mm2
fy = 460 N/mm2
::
685213328.xls 13
BOX CULVERT ANALYSIS
UNFACTORED LOAD
*Note:
Dispersion of wheel load is taken as 2:1 in soil (BS5400 :pt 2)
For depth of fill 6.0m > depth > 1.8m , consider 2 axles only
ANALYSIS OF BOX
(A) CASE 1 : For max.BM and shear on wall & max. hogging
BM at corners, consider max. lateral earth
pressure acting on the wall in empty
condition.
P1 ------> ! A where
! P1, P2 = earth pressure
!
!
P2 ------> ! B
P1 = 23.67 kN/m2
P2 = 69.21 kN/m2
Joints A B
AD AB BA BC
DF 0.46 0.54 0.54 0.46
FEM -159.5 18.5 -22.5 168.1
64.4 76.6 -79.1 -66.6
-39.5 38.3
18.1 21.5 -20.8 -17.5
-10.4 10.7
4.7 5.6 -5.8 -4.9
-2.9 2.8
1.3 1.6 -1.5 -1.3
---------------------------------------
-70.9 70.9 -77.9 77.9
---------------------------------------
::
(B) CASE 2 : For max.sagging moment in the top & bottom
slab, consider min.lateral earth pressure
acting on the box.
P1 = 7.89 kN/m2
P2 = 23.07 kN/m2
685213328.xls 14
DESIGN MOMENT ENVELOPE
Hogging moment at bottom corners = 77.89 kNm/m 77.89
REINFORCEMENT DESIGN
Hogging Steel at Bottom Corners :
(i) Slab
K= 0.030036503 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 283.84 > 279.3
As(req)= 697 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.06898276 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 177.77 < 184.3
As(req)= 1095 mm2/m
(ii) wall
K= 0.062776294 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 179.36 < 184.3
As(req)= 987 mm2/m
::
Sagging Steel at Top Slab :
K= 0.068009612 < 0.156
No comp.steel required.
Z= 269.79 < 279.3
As(req)= 1633 mm2/m
REINFORCEMENT PROVISION
(A) SUPPORT STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 12 spacing 150 c/c
As (req) = 634 mm2/m
As (prov) = 754 mm /m
2
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 100 c/c
As (req) = 1095 mm2/m
As (prov) = 1131 mm2/m
685213328.xls 15
(B) MIDSPAN STEEL
(I) TOP SLAB
use Y 16 spacing 100 c/c
As (req) = 1633 mm2/m
As (prov) = 2010 mm2/m
::
(II) BOTTOM SLAB
use Y 16 spacing 100 c/c
As (req) = 1704 mm2/m
As (prov) = 2010 mm2/m
(III) WALL
use Y 12 spacing 100 c/c
As (req) = 592 .
As (prov) = 1131 mm2/m
SHEAR CHECK
(i) Base
Shear = 166.72 kN
Shear stress v = 0.57 N/mm2
ps = 0.68 %
vc = 0.64 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
(ii) Wall
Shear = 32.28 kN
Shear stress v = 0.17 N/mm2
ps = 0.58 %
vc = 0.67 N/mm2 * Shear is OK.
685213328.xls 16