Eat that Frog

“Most people overestimate what they can get done in a year and underestimate what they can do
in a decade.”

This famous piece of wisdom (most commonly attributed to Bill Gates) holds true over shorter
time spans too. We tend to overestimate what we can get done in a day, but underestimate what
we can accomplish in a year.

How do we get around this quirk of human psychology? How do we make consistent progress
toward our biggest goals without drowning day-to-day in our overly optimistic to-do lists? How do
we overcome the mental resistance that comes with big goals and just get started?

The answer is a deceptively simple and memorably named productivity method called Eat The
Frog.

Eat The Frog is perfect for anyone who:

• Struggles with procrastination

• Gets a lot done but isn’t making progress on the important stuff

• Has a hard time sticking to a productivity system

• Has trouble deciding what to work on at any given time

• Feels overwhelmed by their to-do list

Applied to work, Tracy says that your "frog" is the most important and most impactful task you
have to complete. If you eat the frog (i.e., work on it) first thing every morning, you'll be more
productive and successful, and you'll reach your goals more quickly.
And while Eat That Frog is best-known for its namesake advice, the book itself contains 21
different principles people can follow to boost their productivity. It's a digest of productivity
techniques—bringing together practices like time-blocking, the Pareto principle, and prioritizing
tasks—that, when combined, all work to support the core Eat That Frog productivity method.

Tracy presents some actionable advice for each principle in his book, but he typically recommends
a single approach to executing on each principle. Of course, productivity is highly personal: What
works for one person may not work for someone else. So in addition to presenting Tracy's ideas
and recommendations below, we've linked to several Zapier resources that include additional
information and alternative approaches so you can get to know the science behind certain
principles and easily find an approach that feels right for you.

The 21 Principles of the Eat That Frog Productivity Method

While the core methodology of Eat That Frog sounds simple, it actually requires you to conduct a
series of activities and develop several habits before you can succeed with the approach.

In his book, Tracy describes each of those activities and habits as the 21 core principles of the Eat
That Frog method. Some of the principles are things you need to do before you start using the
method. Others are things you need to keep in mind as you practice the method to ensure you're
always prioritizing your frogs. So it's best to familiarize yourself with all of the principles before
you get started.

1. Define your goals and write them down

Tracy says that lack of clarity is one of the biggest causes of waste and procrastination. If you don't
know exactly what your goals are—what you're striving to achieve—it's unlikely that you'll be able
to identify and prioritize the specific tasks you need to work on to achieve those goals.

Consider what you want to achieve personally, or work with your boss to define your major work
goals. Then, write your goals down so that you can refer back to them frequently. "A goal or
objective that is not in writing is merely a wish or fantasy," Tracy says. "Unwritten goals lead to
confusion, vagueness, misdirection, and numerous mistakes."

Once you've documented your goals, set a deadline for when you want to achieve them, break
them down into every task that needs to be done in order for you to achieve those goals, and
resolve to work on one goal task every single day.
Your goal tasks are your frogs—the things you want to work on first thing every day for greater
productivity and success.

2. Create plans for what you'll work on

Tracy says that the first step in proper planning is having a list of tasks you need to complete. He
recommends keeping multiple lists:

• a master list of all of your tasks

• a monthly list of tasks you want to complete that month

• a weekly list of tasks you want to complete that week

• a daily list of tasks you want to complete that day

Each subsequent list pulls from your master list. You plan your monthly list at the end of each
month, your weekly list at the end of each week, and your daily list at the end of each day. By
planning your tasks for the next day at the end of the previous workday, you'll know exactly what
your frog is when you arrive at work in the morning and can get started on it immediately.

3. Focus on your 20% tasks

The Pareto principle states that you tend to get 80% of your results from 20% of your work. Tracy
says that focusing on your frogs ensures that you're always prioritizing the 20% tasks that are the
most important.

That's a big reason why you need to define your goals, break them down into tasks, and work on
one goal task every day. When you don't, you end up spending all of your time on 80% tasks—
small, low-value tasks that fail to get you closer to meeting your goals.
A big part of making sure you're always working on 20% tasks is prioritization. Your master list of
tasks will be ever-changing, so take time to prioritize to make sure you know which tasks will
provide the most value.

4. Think long-term to make better short-term decisions

Another prioritization method that Tracy recommends is to ask: "What are the potential
consequences of doing or not doing this task?"

It's easy to think that you need to complete everything on your to-do list. But the reality is that
some things simply don't need to be done. Other things are better delegated to others.

If you question the consequences of doing/not doing a to-do before you start on it, it not only
makes it easier to find your frogs, but it also makes it easier to find time-wasting tasks that are
better deleted from your list or delegated to someone else.

5. Procrastinate on purpose

"Everyone procrastinates," Tracy writes. "The difference between high performers and low
performers is largely determined by what they choose to procrastinate on."

Procrastination is usually considered a bad thing, but the reason it has a negative connotation is
that we typically procrastinate on our frogs. Our frogs are often big, difficult tasks, so they're easy
to put off. Low-value tasks, on the other hand, can often be completed quickly, so they're easier to
knock out and mark off of our lists.

Instead of procrastinating when it comes to your frogs, Tracy recommends procrastinating

intentionally on your 80% tasks.
For example, an old boss of mine once mentioned that he ignored emails from people asking
questions they could easily get the answers to themselves. He would only reply if those people
sent a follow-up email. But most of the time, when he didn't reply, people would find the answer
themselves, eliminating one thing from his to-do list.

6. Use the ABCDE method

Another prioritization method Tracy recommends is the ABCDE method:

• "A" tasks are things you must do; they're your frogs. If you have more than one must-do
task, you can prioritize further by adding numbers: A-1, A-2, A-3, etc.

• "B" tasks are things you should do. Replying to emails or attending meetings are often
should-do tasks. People may be upset if you don't, but these activities aren't necessarily
getting you closer to your goals, so they're a lower priority than "A" tasks.

• "C" tasks are nice-to-dos. You probably want to do them, but there are no consequences if
you don't.

• "D" tasks are things you should delegate to someone else so you have more time for your
"A" tasks.

• "E" tasks are things you should eliminate. You don't need or want to do them, and there's
no value in delegating them to someone else.

Tracy says you should evaluate your task list using this method frequently. As time passes,
priorities often change, and you want to make sure that your prioritization reflects those changes.

7. Understand exactly what work you're accountable for

Work is one of the hardest places to focus on your frogs because there are a million ways to get
pulled into other activities. There are emails and IMs to answer, meetings to attend, side projects
to pick up, and—if you work in an office—plenty of in-person distractions.

To prevent these things from derailing you, you need to understand what Tracy calls your "key
result areas." What were you hired to do? What results are you supposed to deliver? By
understanding what you're truly accountable for, you can justify delegating and deleting tasks that
aren't related to your job-specific tasks and goals.

8. When it's time to work, work

Tracy says that the best way to achieve work-life balance is to work the whole time you're at work.

Every minute you spend at work on productivity-killing activities like chatting with coworkers
about your favorite TV shows or scrolling through social media negatively impacts your time away
from work—either because you have to work overtime or because you're stressing over unfinished
tasks.

9. Prepare for your work before you start on it

Part of preparing for your work in advance is planning your frog for the next day at the end of the
previous workday and blocking off time to work on that frog so you can tackle it interruption-free.
But another part is making sure you have all of the things you need to do your work and a
comfortable workspace to do it in.
10. Focus on one task at a time

When you planned your goals, you also broke those goals down into multiple tasks. That's an
important part of reaching your goals because the larger and more overwhelming a task feels, the
more likely you'll be to procrastinate doing it.

But once you have your goals broken down into tasks, you have to work on those tasks one at a
time. Prioritize them, schedule them, and then when it's time to eat your frogs, focus on them
completely.

11. Develop your skills

"A major reason for delay and procrastination is a feeling of inadequacy—lack of confidence or
ability in a key area of the task," Tracy says. If you're suffering from imposter syndrome or feel
unequipped to tackle the tasks you need to complete to meet your goals, you'll lean into
procrastination.

12. Use your strengths

Tracy says that we each have unique skills we can employ that let us "eat specific frogs faster and
better than others."

To meet your goals more quickly, identify your strengths and center your goals around those
strengths. According to Tracy, doing what you're good at—and what you love to do—can
significantly increase your "earning ability."

13. Identify the things that are holding you back

Once you've defined your goals, ask yourself: "Why haven't I achieved this goal yet?"

Sometimes, the answer to that question will be an external factor. You can't meet your goal of
writing five blog posts a week because your calendar looks like a game of checkers. Your first
priority, then, is to eliminate that constraint so you can devote more time to your frogs.

But Tracy says that more often than not our constraints are internal. We procrastinate because of
imposter syndrome, or we fill our time with low-value tasks and distractions. If you can identify
those constraints and eliminate them, you'll progress toward your goals much more quickly.

14. Find your motivation

It's easy to get started on and complete a task that your boss has assigned to you with a deadline.
It's harder to get started on and complete a task just because you want to—even if you know the
outcome of completing the task will be positive.

Tracy says that you need to find ways to motivate yourself to eat your frogs by putting the same
pressure on yourself that you feel when you're assigned a task and deadline by your boss. Create
your own deadlines, try to beat the deadlines you've set, and hold yourself to high expectations.
15. Make the most of your energy levels

Tracy says that another way to be your most productive is to "guard and nurture your energy
levels." Working too-long hours, failing to get enough sleep, eating unhealthy foods, and forgoing
exercise are all ways we deplete our energy reserves, and as a result, our productivity suffers.

We all have an internal clock—or chronotype—that impacts our energy levels throughout the day.
If you work with your chronotype, you're more productive. If you work against it, you're less
productive. If you take time to find your chronotype, you can use it to your advantage to eat your
frog at the point in the day when you're most likely to be energized and focused.

16. Become an optimist

Another way to motivate yourself to eat your frogs and meet your goals is to control your
thoughts. Instead of letting negativity slip in and derail your plans, Tracy says you must "refuse to
let the unavoidable difficulties and setbacks of daily life affect your mood and emotions."

If your personality trends more toward pessimist than optimism, you may be rolling your eyes at
this principle. In that case, it helps to think of it less as "being a cheerleader" and "seeing the good
in every situation" and more as overcoming the negative thoughts and skepticisms that prevent
you from moving forward.

You don't necessarily have to be an optimist; you just have to learn how to dismiss the thoughts
that tell you it's not worth continuing to work toward a goal after you run into delays, problems,
or disappointments.
17. Don't let technology distract you

Technology is designed to make you more productive, but if you use it incorrectly, it has the
opposite effect. If it feels like you spend your days hopscotching through emails, instant messages,
and phone notifications instead of accomplishing important tasks, it's time to reset and rethink
how you're using technology.

18. Break your tasks down to their smallest possible components

After you defined your goals, you broke those goals down into actionable tasks. But Tracy
recommends taking it a step further and breaking your tasks down into the smallest possible
components. The smaller the task, the easier it will be to start and complete because you'll be less
overwhelmed by the idea of jumping into the task.

As an example, let's say your goal is to make $20,000 more this year. To do that, you'll have to find
a new job. One task you need to complete is updating your LinkedIn profile, but it needs a lot of
work. Instead of having the task "update LinkedIn profile" on your to-do list, break that down into
smaller tasks.

Then, your to-do list will be filled with smaller, more manageable tasks like "write a summary for
my LinkedIn profile," "ask coworkers for recommendations," and "document my responsibilities
and accomplishments for my current role."
19. Schedule time on your calendar for eating your frogs

To make progress on your frogs, you need large blocks of time to focus on them. But finding large
blocks of time to focus on tasks requires a dedicated effort. You can't leave it to chance and hope
no one schedules a meeting in a time slot you'd hoped to dedicate to working on your goal tasks.

Instead, Tracy recommends scheduling time for focused work. Schedule time on your calendar at
the end of every workday for working on your frog the next morning, or create a recurring
meeting for the first two hours (or whatever amount of time is appropriate) of every day to make
sure you always have time blocked for goal tasks.

20. Find your flow

Flow is an optimal productivity state where you're fully immersed in and focused on the task at
hand—so much so that you barely notice the passing of time. While in flow, Tracy says you "feel
elated and clear. Everything you do seems effortless and accurate. You feel happy and energized."

And while flow can feel like something that just happens, there are ways to trigger your flow state.
Tracy says that creating a sense of urgency helps, as does building up momentum.

The more tasks you complete that move you closer to your goal, the more momentum you'll build.
Often, the simple act of continuing to make progress toward your goals makes it easier to trigger
your flow state when working on goal tasks.
21. Work on a task until it's complete

After you start working on a frog, continue working on it until it's complete. When you stop
working on a task to focus on something else, it increases the amount of time it will take you to
complete your original task. So once you've selected a task and have started working on it, work
on it until you can take it off of your to-do list.

To do this effectively, you'll need to make sure you have tasks that are small enough to complete
in one sitting. You'll need to make sure you have time blocked to work on your task. And finally,
you'll need to make sure you've correctly estimated the time it will take you to complete the task.

A Summary of the Eat That Frog Productivity Method

These 21 principles make the Eat That Frog productivity method sound like a lot of work, but in
truth, the approach is pretty simple:

1. Define your goals and write them down.

2. Break those goals down into tasks.

3. Break those tasks down into the smallest possible subtasks.

4. Prioritize your tasks, and delete/delegate tasks you don't need to do.

5. Schedule time on your calendar every single day, ideally first thing in the morning, to work
on your highest-priority goal task.

6. Focus on your goal task during your scheduled time, and work on it until it's complete.

Your goal tasks and their subtasks are each your frogs—the things you want to "eat" first thing
every day to ensure you stay focused on completing your most impactful work.

That's really the essence of Eat That Frog—all of the other principles are designed to support your
efforts and avoid things like negative thinking, technology interruptions, poor planning, and lack of
clarity that get in your way of following those six steps.

"Make a decision to practice these principles every day until they become second nature to you,"
Tracy says. "With these habits of personal management as a permanent part of your personality,
your future success will be unlimited."