You are on page 1of 79

e"#$%& 19 September 2022

e(#)*+,-+

%.* / )i 1 * / ,& + 23 4 5 /2i u +e7# 8i u ) * ) 4 : ; & + ,3 # +e"+<i u


,= : < i u ) * > = : ? <7@ 1 A#+

NLD a;iu+" F<*G<* B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+ e""I.*2345/2iu+ %iu+%<*e"+a%3<* a#+73C*>3C*;iu<* Fu,*e(#)*>=:?<7@1A#+<iu a1I%*"1i7.*


B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+7.* a#E#7i1*+;;*e<#)*;&F<*G<* a>AiC* m 8I;*>3=e<A#*<#Fa%3)*+1I#,)*
a2<*2<*1I JiuJ3)*+ ,A<*;&+<# aeG3eG3e7# a<A,*a%.*+1Aiu+;u4<iu ")*(iu)*?<u4e%35eC"7.*K

;;*a#E#7i1*+a/,&+ %iu)*+B,.*2345/2iu+1L8LC*+ mm "#>iu)*8LC*+ <A()*+73#+7.*K mmmm >u8I;*a%3<* m


"#>iu)*8LC*+7# "Ii1.*Qu <1R#:SE*< %3<*>A<*G#+7.*K B1C*1#<A,*7.* eTUF#8I):*JIV*FA)*
mmmm >u8I;*a%3)*+ W)*+X%C*2iu+ mm "#>iu)*8LC*+ <A()*+>=:"7.*K

B,.*7@F@Gu1I# <A,*e)3%C*2iu+<A()*+B>)*+e?<#):* <uC*eZ+8LC*+ a(1%C*[<&+B1):*1LTE*<iu >-+;.*+


eC>4"/,&+ S$",*%.* "I)*7C*e"+a%3<*F.*+ aFu,*a<iu)*a>3):*aF1*+1A#+F.*+ "I#+,-+FA<*"Ii
7.*K
:
a8u % * F <] E #e,-)* + 1A#+;3 # 8I ) : * <e1#<* < 1 8i u ) *

FI e 7# F<* " I i %i u ) * + B,.* ;& + ,3 # +e"+ aeB>aeC


1A#+< a1Ai u +7#+ T& 1 i u < e";& a23 = 5 >Au,* ((NLD))
a",* 7 #+ a;i u + " F<* G <* < B1C* 1 #: ; & + ,3 # +e"+
e""I . * 2 3 4 5 /2i u + %i u + %<* e "+a%3 < * a#+73 C * > 3 C * ; i u < *
Fu , * e (#)* > = : ? <7@ 1 A#+<i u B,C* _ a1I % * " e;1i 7 .* K

;&+,3#+e"+ Fu,*)C*+1A#+S<*%3)*F.*+ eZ+<3<*ae,U a1iC\*e,+ GiC*+>Au,*1L1A#+e?<#):* F3%*F,*;3#


JIV*/,iu)*8iu)*;31*+ "Ii7.:* eZ+<3<* ;&+,3#+e"+;C;*1I# ,iu/,&+ a#+C.*+F#eC7.*K

a8u%*F<]E#e,-)*+1A#+;3#8I):* <e1#<*<18iu)*FIe7# F<*"Ii %iu)*+B,.* ;&+,3#+e"+ aeB>aeC


1A#+< a1Aiu+7#+ T&1iu<e";& a23=5>Au,* (NLD) a",*7#+ a;iu+" F<*G<* B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+ e""I.*
2345/2iu+ %iu+%<*e"+8I):* %.*/)i1*e7# ;&+,3#+e"+$C*+<A)*%>u ;&14 2C*%&+8iu)*;31*+"Ii7@1A#+a#+ a1I%*"
;"#B2;*7.*K

NLD a;iu+"7<*%1*+ ,G1 m 8I;*%#<#Fa%3)*+1I# B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+7.* %u4\(iu)*+eC7.:*


aeB>aeC1A#+ "Ii>=: e7#*F.*+ %#$C*J@>=:e7# 7<*%1*+a%3)*+^ B2;*e,U>=:e7# ;&+,3#+e"+ B,uB,)*
eB,#)*+F=1L1A#+8I):* 2345/2iu+ %iu+%<*"C* aF#+aF#e<#)*+1A#+;3# "IieC1L1A#+< 1.*7@1I B))*+_"1.*
1Qu%*,-K

%iu)*+8I):* B,.*CJ*a7u4+;"i%*1A#+<iu ,iu1iu>3=e$ a7u4+B,uF#8iu)*>=:B>)*+§ SE*Fu,*)C*+8I):*


e)3e"+e?<+e"+ <a 2345/2iu+;B,u F#B>)*+§ <uC*73J*e"+ Fiue)3<3#Q>A<* eFA#:<AF#B>)*+§
8iu)*)4B>#+e)3F=FIJ*8LC*+ %.*/)i1*ea#)* e(#)*"3<*G#+ 8iu)*B>)*+8I):* B,.*%3)*+B,.*,")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41L
a%3<* %.*/)i1*e7# ;&+,3#+e"+1@$-T1A#+<iu ,3):*F)*+B1)*7#1L"Ii;3# >A1I%* 8iu)*>=:B>)*+%iu\< NLD
a;iu+" F<*G<* ;&+,3#+e"+ aeB>aeC,)* B2;*7.*K
:
Giu7iu\ 8iu)*)4:;&+,3#+e"+<iu %.*/)i1*/,&+ e""I.*2345/2iu+%iu+%<*e"+ e"I5G3<*/,&+ c+ e(#)*Fu,*e(#)*>=:
7@1A#+"Ii7Fiu eC#<*<3J*1I a;iu+" ;&+,3#+e"+ 1@$-T1A#+<iu a?<4d#E*1A#+e,+_ Fu,*e(#)*>=:7@1A#+
F.*+ "Ii7.*K

GiuaG=1I a#E#7i1*+/,&+eC#<* ;;*e<#)*;&< Ju4?<.*F<*>48iu)*23J*1"Iie7# a1L1A#+B2):* ;3,*;3=<#


21*+(&+GiC*+7i1*+>4G#+"7@1A#+ae?<#)*+ %)*B,>A)*7.*K

;& + ,3 # +e"+,= : < i u ) * c+;i u + $)* +

mmmm >u8I;*%3)* ;&14<iC*+8I):* Sa#e"+$C*[<&+ c+e<A#*$)*+ ae%iFiu<*;#+1L8I):* (<*;,*1Le?<#):*


8u%*G3<*>=:"/,&+eC#<* NLD a;iu+"< B,.*%3)*+ B,.*,a23=5a;.*+1A#+8I):* <u1fE&1A#+%3)*
")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41L8I):* Sa#e"+(iu)*"# a?<4e,+aB2;* 8I;*e,-)*+ mm e<A#* ae%35a?<u4"Iie7# c+;iu+$)*+
<iu ;&14<iC*+8I):* Sa#e"+ $C*[<&+g#C B,.*eG#)*;u $C*[<&+aB2;* >C\*a,*>=:7.*K

NLD a;iu+"F<*G<* ;&+,3#+e"+,=:<iu)* ;&14/Sa# $C*[<&+ c+;iu+$)*+


:
Giua>AiC*< a7<* mm a"3J*"Ii/,& B2;*e7# c+;iu+$)*+7.* NLD ,-%&X hQiu;&+,3#+e"+e<#*1%&%3)*
a?<4e,+aB2;* e(#)*"3<*e,+eC"#1I NLD ,-%&1I a[<&+a<=1A#+8I):* Fu,*e2#*<iu)*2<*1A#+X
%iu<*%3C*+1Le?<#):* B,.*eG#)*;u$C*[<&+ %#$C*<iu G1*+e(#)*>=:"7@B2;*e?<#)*+ ")*+8I&+7@1A#+<
e"#$%&<iu eB,#7.*K

‘aC*<J*< a=T&a>AiC*1I# a7<* mm eC/,&§ 7@aeCC=\(iu")* a/)i1*+;#+J@/,&+ ea+e(+eCFiu\"


%J*K T-e,1J:* 7@ T&%#$C*J@>=:%#<iu ?<.:*")*,= 7@"=5 8iu)*)4:;&+,3#+e"+<iu e<#)*+e;>A)*%=: ;i%*
e;%C#<iu e%35"1I#,-’Qu ;&+,3#+e"+ eF:F#7u4+7,*7@%c+< (iu7.*K

SE*Fu,*)C*+§ a>3C*8I):* Sa#e"+(iu)*"# <i1*+<A)*7@ c+;iu+$)*+<iu ;&14<iC*+8I):* Sa#e"+


$C*[<&+g#C B,.*eG#)*;u$C*[<&+aB2;* >C\*a,*1L< Giua>AiC* NLD a;iu+"<iu e$2C*eB,#(iueC7@1A#+<
,)* [<iu(iu>=:?<7.*K

a1IC*%<J*F.*+ B,.*eG#)*;u$C*[<&+ c+;iu+$)*+X <i1*+<A)*1L8I):* c+e(#)*8iu)*1L%iu\e?<#):*


S%*eA<*>3=e$7u4+;3=1L§ a>3C*;.*+?<,*1L1A#+7.* %iu+%<*F#>=:7Fiu hQiuSE*8I):* ;&14Sa#
$C*[<&+g#C%iu\?<#+ >Ai%*(<*Fu,*e(#)*1L1A#+ ,iu1iua#+e<#)*+e<#)*+ Fu,*e(#)*8iu)*>=:/,&+ B1C*1#:
;&+,3#+e"+a%3<* aji< c+e(#)*e1#)*+8I)* ,=:<iu)*8iu)*>=:7.*K

SE* F u , * ) C* + § a>3 C * 8 I ) : * Sa#e"+(i u ) * " #

<i1* + <A)* 7 @ c+;i u + $)* + <i u ;& 1 4 < i C * + 8I ) : * Sa#e"+

$C* [ <& + g#C B,.* e G#)* ; u $ C* [ <& + aB2;* >C\ * a ,* 1 L <


Gi u a >Ai C * NLD a;i u + "<i u e$2C* e B,#(i u e C7@ 1 A#+<

,)* [<i u (i u > = : ? <7.* K

;;*a#E#7i1*+/,&+eC#<* ;;*e<#)*;&< ;&14/Sa# B,.*eG#)*;u$C*[<&+ c+;iu+$)*+<iu NLD a;iu+"X


;&+,3#+e"+ a?<4e,+ o;e%+FA8iu)*)47#+ ,-e1#<]e"I#)*%#CJ*X <3C*,Al%#a%3)*+ e%35"Ii7.:*
;#"3<*;#%1*+a>Aiu58I):* ,%*7<*/,&+ a;iu+" Fmiu5$I<*>A<* a<*u,eT,uT*1 m-m(e) B2):* %"#+;3=(iu
:
G#+7.:* a1L%3)* a1L%3=aB2;* 21*+(&+GiC*+7i1*+G#+7.*K

a;iu+" Fmiu5$I<*>A<*a<*u,eT,uT*1 m-m (e) 7.* eG#)*TE* mm 8I;*aGi >A1I%*>4"8iu)*7.:*,uT*1


B2;*7.*K J>ua>AiC*%3)* a7<* mm 8I;*a"3J*"IiB2;*e7# c+;iu+$)*+7.* a@1[<&+<)*(# e"#e-
e$TC# >4;#+eC"/,&+ >3=;i%*<u71L >4"J@ Fiua,*e7#e?<#):* a1L1I a#1>4 ""IiG#+7.*K

aC#e%* F1* + pq C * e "+(3 = 7 @ c+(<* e a#)*

B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+%3)* [<iu%)*1IC*+(8iu)*/,&+ %.*/)i1*e7# 1@$-T %>u"Ii"C* Fiua,*eC1L<iu 7iB1)*>=:e7#


;&14<iC*+8I):* Sa#e"+ $C*[<&+g#C Tu$C*[<&+ c+(<*ea#)*7.* B1C*1#8iu)*)4a%3<* e""I.*%.*%:4
>iu)*/1=/,&+ QC*>A<*.&e7# 2345/2iu+ %iu+%<*1L ;&14<iC*+ mmmm-mmmm (Myanmar Sustainable Devel-
opment Plan “ MSDP) <iu aji< c+e(#)*e"+ (3=7@F.*+ B2;*7.*K

;&+,3#+e"+ F1*+pqC*eB1,u4 e"+(3=7@ ;&14/Sa# Tu $C*[<&+ c+(<*ea#)*

NLD a;iu+"< mmmm >u8I;* ;<*%)*S#F%3)* Gu%*B,C*e?<.#8iu)*>=:e7# MSDP <iu B1C*1#:;&+,3#+


2345/2iu+e"+ aC#e%*F1*+pqC*723J*aB2;* B,.*%3)*+B,.*, B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+e;#):*?<.:*eF:F#7@1A#+
< a7ia1I%*B,u>=:?<7.*K
:
7@7.* c+7iC*+;iC*a;iu+"F<*G<* %iu)*+B,.*B,uB,)*eB,#)*+F=e"+ ,-$)* Fu,*e(#)*e,+"C*
B1C*1#8iu)*)47iu\ B,C*F.*e"#<*"IiF#e7# ,.#"I)*%c+F.*+ B2;*/,&+ eZ+<3<* B,uB,)*eB,#)*+F=e"+
8I):* B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+%3)* 8iu)*)4B>#+ ")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I47@1A#+ $)*e"#<*F#e"+ %4>-+23):* e2#*e(#)*"#%3)*
ae"+,-7@ a?<4e,+%c+F.*+ B2;*7.*K

mmmm >u8I;*%3)* hQiuSE*X Tuu<rs aB2;*F.*+ G1*+e(#)*>=:7.*K Giu\eC#<* mmmm >u8I;* NLD
,-%& a#E#"F#/,&+ %8I;*e<A#*a?<# c+(<*ea#)*<iu ;&14<iC*+8I):* Sa#e"+ Tu%iJ$C*[<&+
aB2;* >C\*a,*>=:7.*K

c+(<*ea#)*7.* B1C*1#8iu)*)4X ,G1(u4+8I):* ea#)*B1)*>=:e7# aG@+;&+,3#+e"+яuC*B2;*7.:* 7&F$-


aG@+;&+,3#+e"+ яuC*<iu ae<#)*aG.*e2#*"#%3)* aji< c+e(#)*>=:7@B2;*/,&+ 7&F$-aG@+
;&+,3#+e"+яuC*8I):* e<A#<*B2laG@+;&+,3#+ e"+яuC* ;&14>C\*>3=1L e<#*1%&X u<rsaB2;* e(#)*"3<*>=:
7.*K

NLD a;i u + "< mmmm >u 8 I ; * ;<* % )* S #F%3 ) *

Gu % * B ,C* e ?<.#8i u ) * > = : e 7# MSDP <i u B1C* 1 #:


;& + ,3 # +23 4 5 /2i u +e"+ aC#e%* F 1* + pq C * 7 23 J * a B2;*

B,.* % 3 ) * + B,.* , B1C* 1 #: ; & + ,3 # +e"+e;#): * ? <.: *

eF: F #7@ 1 A#+< a7i a 1I % * B ,u>= : ? <7.* K

c+7iC*+;iC* a;iu+"F<*G<* %uu%*8iu)*)48I):* 7eS#%@;#>Au,*>Au,*(iu>=:e7# ")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41L,1#E


[<&+1#+/,&+ %uu%*S<*< "IJ*J#,iu)*1L aeF+7#e7# e<A#<*B2l aG@+;&+,3#+e"+яuC*8I):* e"C<*
(i,*<1*+ ;&14<iC*+1A#+<iu %uu%*aev<+8347iu\ 1<Ae"#<*e;"C*a%3<* "IJ*J#,iu)*(iu)*1La>Aiu+1A#+
eB,#)*+F=B,)*()*B>)*+8I):* ;&14<iC*+<iu %():*>A)*+ ae<#)*aG.*e2#*73#+"C* <i;w",*1A#+a;"Ii7.:*
%uu%*8I):*><*>=e7# .bi8x)*+1L1A#+<iu ea#)*B1)*ea#)* Fu,*e(#)*>=:7@F.*+ B2;*7.*K

c+7iC*+;iC*F<*G<*< Giu;&14<iC*+X "IJ*J#a>Aiu+<iu %uu%*1I mm "#>iu)*8LC*+§ B1C*1#1I mm


:
"#>iu)*8LC*+ G.:*$)*"C* 7%*1I%*>=:/,&+ NLD a;iu+"< ")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41La>Aiu+<iuF.*+ %uu%*< mm 8I):*
B1C*1#< mm "#>iu)*8LC*+aB2;* eB,#)*+F= B,)*()*8iu)*>=:7.*K

Giu\7iu\ %iu)*+B,.*;&+,3#+e"+ e""I.* aeB1#*aB1)*8I):* ;&14>C\*>3=1L <i1*+<A)*,iu)*8iu)*7@ c+(<* ea#)*7.*


;;*e<#)*;&X 21*+(&+>Au,*e8I#)*B>)*+ >4eC"/,&+ $C*[<&+ c+;iu+$)*+8I):*C.*+%@ NLD a;iu+"X ;&+,3#+e"+
a?<4 e,+ ,-e1#<]e"I#)*%#CJ* <3C*,Al%#a%3)*+ e%35"Ii7.:* ;#"3<*;#%1*+a>Aiu58I):* ,%*7<*
/,&+ a;iu+" Fmiu5$I<*>A<* a<*u,eT,uT*1 m-m(e) B2):* a1L23):*>4G#+"7.*K

>ui u C & % i u \ " = 5 "C* 7 @ e %#* c+Si u S i u ) J*

;;*a;iu+"1A#+ F<*G<*%3)* a<A):*,A<* ;;*hiuF*>Au,*1A#+8I):* >uiuC&1A#+7# [<&+;iu+G#+e7# B1C*1#:


,ue{Fi< SE*Fu,*)C*+a7iu)*+a$iu)*+8I):* NLD a;iu+"X hQiuSE*%iu\?<#+ ,3%*%iu<*1L[<&+1#+>=:7.*K

GiuSE*Fu,*)C*+ >uiuC&[<&+1A#+X a1A<*e%#*"I1L8I):* Gi,*%iu<*e%35(u4>=:"7@1I# 8iu)*)4B>#+7u4+e)3 ;&14


>C\*>3=1Lg#C§ SE*Fu,*)C*+[<&+?<,*;;*e(+e"+g#C8I):* ;#")*+g#C%iu\<iu [<&+?<,*>=:e7# hQiuSE*Tu
u<rs c+SiuSiu)J*,)* B2;*7.*K
:
!

>uiuC&1A#+X"C*7@e%#* c+SiuSiu)J*

‘<iuSiuSiu)J*< ,ue{Fi<SE*e%3C=\ e%35%=: a;.*+ae$+%iu)*+FiuFiu1I# eB,#%J*§ >)*hA#+%iu\ SE*


e%3< ae,-)*,;w.*+J@/,&+ a%iu+,= Giu)*;#+eC%=: ae,-)*(iu)*a[<&+e%37#7#,=Fiu\’Qu 7@8I):*
")*+8I&+7.:* ;&+,3#+e"+ 7ue7%Ca23=5%>u1I T-uiu<*%#%c+< e"#$%&7iu\ eB,#7.*K c+SiuSiu)J*
7.* 8iu)*)4e"+71#+ B2;*_ ;<#+eB,#"# a1IC*a%iu)*+ 7%|i"Ii"Ii eB,#(iu>=:e?<#)*+F.*+ (iu7.*K

NLD a;iu+" %#$C*J@F#/,&+eC#<* hQiuSE*X a>3):*a#E#7.* ,iu1iuF3%*F3%*F,*F,*


Fu,*e(#)*F#8iu)*>=:/,&+ ,ue{Fi<SE*1A#+X a,*e)38I):* e>A+e)3 a>Aiu+<3#Q>A<*1A#+<iu eFm#:>A>iu)*+
B>)*+§ ,ue{FiSE*1A#+aeCB2):* 1i1i Fu,*)C*+>3=1A#+<iu e>A+e)3Gu%*e>A+e,+eC1L<iu <C\*7%*F#B>)*+§
SE*Fu,*)C*+ae%35a?<u41"Iie7# 7@1A#+<iu SE*Fu,*)C*+ a[<&+a<=1A#+aB2;* >C\*a,*B>)*+1B,u"C*
(SE*,iu)*"I)*1A#+< 7#+71&+<iu SE*a[<&+a<=aB2;* >C\*a,*G#+1L1A#+<iu (iuFiu7.*)8I):* SE*
Fu,*)C*+1A#+<iu SE*X ;47%*1I%*>A<* Fu,*)C*+e(#)*"3<*1L1A#+a%iu)*+ Fu,* e(#)*"C* ;.*+<1*+
%)*+<A,*1L1A#+ Fu,*e(#)*>=:7.*K

‘B1C*1#:,ue{Fi<SE*e%3< SE*Fu,*)C*+<A):*$%*C=\ 1.&S@+Fiu\F.*+ 7@e$2C*>=:%J*§ a=T-<


SE*Fu,*)C*+F.*+ G@eG#)*G#+%J*K %2<*1I#F.*+ eFe?<#)*+Fiu)*+e%3S#e%3Fu,*eC%=:7@
:
e%3<iu eB,#>=:%#K SE*e%3<iu Non-Performing loan (<#F"I.*a%iu+a")*+B,C*1(,*e7#
e>A+e)3) ae,U %)*+<A,*%#C=\ 8iu)*)4B>#+SE*e%3 23):*>3):*e,+%#<iu >uiuC&e%3< e%#*e%#*1[<iu<*>=:
%=: aeB>aeC"Ii%J*’ Qu hQiuSE*Tuu<rs c+SiuSiu)J*8I):* ")*+8I&+7@7.:* ;&+,3#+e"+,.#"I)* %c+
< eB,#7.*K

c+Si u S i u ) J* 7 .* 8i u ) * ) 4 e "+71#+ B2;* _ ;<#+eB,#

"# a1I C * a %i u ) * + 7%| i " I i " I i eB,#(i u > = : e ?<#)* + F.* +


(i u 7 .* K

NLD a;iu+" 7<*%1*+a%3)*+ SE*Fu,*)C*+<aX aeB>aeC%>uaGi B,uB,)*eB,#)*+F=1LF#>=:/,&+


G)*7# B1)*7# a"Ii(u4+ a>A<*1A#+1I# ae7+;#+ aF%*;#+e>A+e)31A#+<iu ,ue{Fi<SE*1A#+<
a/,iu)*a(iu)* Gu%*e>A+F#B>)*+8I):* ,u41IC*$)*e)3%",*"Iie7# aFJ*aF%*F@%C*+;#+%",*7.*
ai1*§ %iu<*>C*+8I):* e1#*e%#*J#V*1A#+<iu 8I;*"I.* a";*<A e>A+e)3;C;*1A#+B2):* aF3J*%<@ $J*J@
>3):* ""IiF#B>)*+%iu\ B2;*7.*K

Giu\B,)* T;*eA;*%J*e)3e,+e>A1L8I):* SE*Fu,*)C*+$C*e(#)*1L1A#+F.*+ %iu+%<*F#>=:7Fiu 8iu)*)4B>#+


SE*1A#+<iu F<*F&SE*Fu,*)C*+aGi Fu,*<iu)*>3):*B,u8iu)*>=:7.*K

c+SiuSiu)J*7.* NLD ;&+,3#+e"+e<#*1%&%3)* SE*,.#"I)*%;*c+aeCB2):* ,-$)*Fu,*e(#)*>=:/,&+


mmmm я@Fiu)*F %3)* hQiuSE* Tuu<rsaB2;* 71}% c+G)*e<A#*< >C\*a,*>4"7@ B2;*7.*K

J>u%3)* ;;*e<#)*;&< c+SiuSiu)J*<iu ae1"i<C* 7@eg+ eeA#:(iu+e"#:;*X ,3):*F)*+F@\a23=5a;.*+


(Open Society Myanmar- OSM) G4 e)3Fq=eB,#)*+§ Gu%*J@1L8I):* ,%*7<*/,&+ a>3C*e<#<*>41L
,A<*<3<*B>)*+e?<#):*Qu(iu<# ae%iFiu<*;#+1L %iu<*2A<*e"+u,eT ,uT*1 mm B2):* a1L23):*
%"#+;3=(iuG#+7.*K

;& + ,3 # +e"+ a?<4 e ,+ e"I # )* % #C= F *


:
8I;*e,-)*+1A#+;3# ()*+"=13=e%1LTE*<iu >4;#+>4"e7# aeB>>4B,.*7@F@GuX F@eC1La():*a%C*+B1):*
%)*e;8iu)*1.:* B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+,u4;4 B2;*e,UF#e;e"+<iu NLD a;iu+"X ;&+,3#+e"+ a?<4e,+
o;e?%+FA 8iu)*)47#+ ,-e1#<] e"I#)*%#C=F*< ;i%*a#+G<*7C*>=:7.*K

Giu\B,)* %.*/)i1*e7# ;&+,3#+e"+;C;* %.*e(#<*e"+§ SE*Fu,*)C*+<a 2345/2iu+e"+§ 8iu)*)4B>#+


")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41L1A#+ ,iu1iu (3=e(#)*e>UJ@e,+/,&+ B1C*1#B,.*7@1A#+a%3<* aFu,*a<iu)*a>3):*aF1*+
1A#+ ,iu1iu2C*%&+e,+<# 8iu)*)4 ;&+,3#+e"+ %iu+%<*e"+<iu a#uu4;iu<*>=:7@ %eJ#<*F.*+ B2;*7.*K

!
NILKEN
INSTITUTE TE

2017

QC*>A<*.&e7# ;&+,3#+e"+a%3<* a?<4e,+ e"I#)*%#C=F*

%.*/)i1*e7# ;&+,3#+e"+;C;* %.*e(#<*e"+8I):* eS+<)*+Fu4B>u4e7# SE*Fu,*)C*+ G@eG#)* /,&+


8iu)*)47iu\ ")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41L1A#+ ,iu1iue(#)*J@e,+<# B1C*1#B,.*7@1A#+a%3<* aFu,*a<iu)* a>3):*aF1*+
1A#+ ,iu1iu2C*%&+/,&+ 8iu)*)4;&+,3#+e"+8I):* %iu+%<*e"+<iu aji<a#uu4;iu<*e?<#)*+ 7@<eB,#2@+7.*K
:
Giu\a%3<*e?<#):*F.*+ NLD ,-%& a;iu+"a23=523=5<# %iu)*+B,.* %#$C*1A#+ G1*+e(#)*>3):*""Ii>AiC*%3)*
;&+,3#+e"+,.#"I)* ,-e1#<] e"I#)*%#C=F*7.* B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+ B,uB,)* eB,#)*+F= e"+ <i;w",*1A#+<iu
G.:*G.:*$)*$)* ,-$)*Fu,*e(#)*8iu)*>=:7.*K

NLD a;iu+"X hQiu ;&+,3#+e"+ e<#*1%&aB,)* 8iu)*)4e%#*a%iu)*,)*>4,ue{iuF* eTUea#)*(C*+;u?<.*


8I):*F.*+ ")*+8I&+7.:* (<*(4e"+7.:* "Ii7.:*a%3<* ;&+,3#+e"+1@$-Ta(u4+aB2%*1A#+<iu a;iu+"
Gi,*,iu)*+e>-)*+e(#)*1A#+<iu GiGi e"#<*e"#<* a?<4e,+>3):*"7@F.*+ B2;*7.*K

‘e"I#)*< e)3e?<+e2#)*+,31LB1):*%<*F#1I# <uC*eZ+8LC*+[<&+B1):*%=: <i;we%3 1B2;*F#2iu\a%3<*


a;iu+"< S%*eA<*Fiue)3<iu B2.:*%)*+%=:eC"#1I# e)3;<rla7;*uiu<*Gu%*<iu eFm#:>A2iu\(iu%#<iu
e%#*e%#*eF+ eB,#(iua?<4e,+>=:%=: F@%eJ#<*,-’Qu ;&+,3#+e"+eF:F#7u4+7,*7@%c+<
e"#$%&7iu\ eB,#7.*K

%.* / )i 1 * e 7# ;& + ,3 # +e"+;C;* %.* e (#<* e "+8I ) : *

eS+<)* + Fu 4 B >u4 e 7# SE* F u , * ) C* + G@ e G#)* /,& +


8i u ) * ) 4 7 i u \ ")* + 8I & + B1b u ,* 8 I 4 1 L 1 A#+ ,i u 1 i u e (#)* J @ e ,+<#

B1C* 1 #B,.* 7 @ 1 A#+a%3 < * aFu , * a <i u ) *


a>3 ) : * a F1* + 1A#+ ,i u 1 i u 2 C* % & + e"+<i u aji <
a#uu 4 ; i u < * e ?<#)* + e"I # )* % #C= F * < eB,#2@ + 7.* K

Giu\B,)* SE*Fu,*)C*+8I):* Sa#e"+(iu)*"#1A#+<iu <i1*+<A)*7@,&,& hQiuSE*X a>C*+<aB1):*%)*


B>)*+§ SE*Fu,*)C*+8I):* Sa#e"+<a 2345/2iu+e"+%iu+%<*e"+a%3<* a?<4d#E*1A#+;3# e,+8iu)*>=:7@
F.*+ B2;*7.*K

;&+,3#+e"+1@$-T,.#"I)*%c+<‘<iuJ:*8iu)*)4< Fiua,*Fiu\ a<@a.&e,+2iu\ F#e"#<*Fu,*<iu)*7@%c+


<iu a>uFiu 21*+G#+%#< a"1*+"I<*2iu\e<#)*+%=: <i;w,-K S#C=\%@F=(iu")* <eF+1e13+8iu)*Fiu\
:
F<*7.*e>Ue13+/,&+ e13+F.*+/,&+e"# F<*7.*<iu 21*+G#+7Fiu B2;*eC%#’Qu e"I#)*%#C=F*
21*+(&+G#+1L<iu 1I%*>A<*B,u7.*K

;;*e<#)*;&< ,-e1#<]e"I#)*%#C=F*<iu 8iu)*)4e%#*Fmiu5$I<*>A<* u,eT<iu >Aiu+e2#<*1LG#+7.*Qu(iu


<# a;iu+" Fmiu5$I<*>A<* a<*u,eT,uT*1 m-m(e) %"#+;3=(iuG#+7Fiu h&я#;.*+1AV*+e2#<*2A<*1L
F.*+ %"#+;3=G#+e7+7.*K

,-e1#<]e"I#)*7.* ;;*a#E#7i1*+>=:7.:* mmmm >u8I;* e2e2#*$-"& m "<*eC\<F.*+ 21*+(&+>4>=:"7@


B2;*/,&+ J>u m 8I;*>3=e<A#*?<#7.:*aGi W)*+X 1i7#+;u$)*1A#+8I):* e%35(u4>3):*F.*+ 1"e7+e,K

You may also like these stories::

;&+,3#+e"+1I# 7u4+;#+1"B>)*+< ;;*%,*X %<J:* a#+C.*+>A<*

hQiuSE* e>-)*+e(#)*1L7;* Sa#e"+<a<iu %iu+%<*e;1.:* aF#+aF# 1"Ii

<1R#:Sa#e"+ "#я$%*1L e;#):*?<.:*e"+a23=5< B1C*1#8iu)*)4<iu a1.*,A<*;#")*+73)*+8iu)*

ae1"i<C*1I eTUF# %S&F&J4B2):* T;*eA;*%J*e)3e?<+ G@eG#)*"C* NUG [<iu+;#+eC

aeB>>4 F@%C*+;#+1A#+ ‘G1)*+ 1$e%#:,-’

Topics:: NLD, ;;*e<#)*;&, B,.*eG#)*;u $C*[<&+

e"#$%&
...

Zachary Abuza 19 September 2022

7@\ae%3+ 7@\aB1)*
:
;& + ,3 # +e"+1I # 7u 4 + ;#+1"B>)* + < ;;* % ,* X
%<J: * a#+C.* + >A<*

;;*%,*,iu)* B1$%&SE* / AFP


;<*%)*S# m "<*eC\7.* B1C*1#;;*%,*ae,U a1Aiu+7#+ .&p3%*e"+a;iu+" (NUG) X >u>4e%#*
FIC*;;* e?<.#1L ,G1(u4+8I;*,%*F.*eC\ B2;*7.*K Giu7iu\ e?<.#>=:7.:* a>AiC*< F@aC.*+;u<
7# 8I;*e,-)*+ mm a%3)*+ m 8I;*%#<#F%>u1Ia, %iu)*+B,.*<iu %eFm#<*Fu+4 au,*>Au,*eC>=:e7#
F<*C<*e<#)*+;3# %,*()*G#+1LB2):* "<*;<*?<1*+?<u%*7.:* ;;*%,*<iu (C\*<A)*1.:* >u>4e%#*
FIC*;;*ae,U e1m#*F):*>A<*[<&+;3# G#+"Ii>=:?<7.*K

a#E#7i1*+/,&+eC#<* mm F a?<#%3)*1@ B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* e"I5%C*+;;*1A<*8I#1A#+;3#%3)*


F<*Fq%*(u4+uL4+"1L1A#+8I):* C;*13C*+F#>=:"7.*K 7iu\"#%3)* J>ua>AiC*aGi ;;*au,*;uX a[<&+1#+(u4+
e7# a;;*a1IC*e,A#:<3<*1I# /,iu()*+F#eC7.:* ;&+,3#+e"+ B2;*7.*K

;;*eB1B,)*%3)* ;;*au,*;uX (u4+uL4+"1L1A#+< a1IC*%<J* B2;*7.*K NUG <3,*<=1Lea#<*"Ii B,.*7@\


<#<3J*e"+%,*23=5 mmm 23=58I):* %iu)*+")*+7#+ e%#*FIC*e"+a23=5a;.*+a1A#+aB,#+ ,-$)*?<7.:* a4:
?723J*e<#)*+eF#<*ea#)* >48iu)*".*"Ii?<e7# 1Q#1i%*a23=5a#+ ;;*%,*< C.*+,-+eFA#:<AF#
eC7.:* a")*+aB1;*1A#+ 7u4+;3=FA<* %iu<*>iu<*eC"7.*K /,&+>=:7.:*8I;*a%3)*+ 8I;*S<*a?<#+ Gi
e%35%iu<*>iu<*1Le,-)*+ mmmm e<A#* "Ii>=:7.*K
:
J>u a >Ai C * a Gi ;;* a u , * ; u X a[<& + 1#+(u 4 + e7#
a;;* a 1I C * e ,A#: < 3 < * 1 I # /,i u ()* + F#eC7.: *
;& + ,3 # +e"+ B2;* 7 .* K

<uF71e{ <i1*+<A)*7@eQ#)*+1A#+B2):* 23=5;.*+G#+7.:* aG@+a?<4e,+a23=5 (SAC-M) X


a;&")*>4;#7;*< %iu)*+B,.*a<AJ*a$C*+X mm "#>iu)*8LC*+<iu NUG 8I):* W)*+X1Q#1i%*1A#+<
GiC*+>Au,*G#+;V* ;;*au,*;u< mm "#>iu)*8LC*+<iu7# Gie"#<*;3# GiC*+>Au,*G#+8iu)*7.*Qu a>iu)*a1#
e2#*B,G#+7.*K <AC*eT71A#+1I# (<*F<*/,iu)*(iu)*eC(=B2;*/,&+ 1?<#>E(iu7Fiu F<*C<*<iu)*
8I):* a",*7#+ >3=B>#+1L1"IiS= a",*7#+ a7iu<*a$C*+1A#+< hu4+[<=%iu<*>iu<*1L1A#+8I):* eB1FIC*1&+ux:1L
1A#+X ,;*1I%*B2;*F#<# J>ua>AiC*aGi eCai1* mm,mmm >C\*1I# 1&+ux:2A<*(&+>4>=:"/,&+ B2;*7.*K

Giu\aB,)* NUG 8I):* %"#+$)* 1Q#1i%* 1B2;*e7+e7#*F.*+ F<*C<*%,*()*1L a#+e<#)*+e7#


"<]iu):*%,*e%#* (AA) 8I):* ;;*%,* %iu\a?<#+ "C*Fiu1L1A#+<F.*+ ,iu1iuB,)*+GC*F#eC<# ;;*%,*
ae,U 2ia#+1A#+ ,iu1iu<Ae"#<*eCe;7.*K

NUG < /1iu5[<&+1A#+%3)* %iu<*>iu<*1L1A#+<iu a"IiC*B1b):* Fu,*e(#)*FA<* "IiF#"# hu4+>3=%iu<*>iu<*1L1A#+


8I):* ;;*a"#"Ii1A#+8I):* W)*+%iu\X C&+;,*(<*83J*1L"Ii7@1A#+a#+ ,;*1I%*G#+ Fu,*?<47%*B2%*B>)*+1A#+
,-$)*?<7.*K <=:7iu\e7# /1iu5B,%iu<*>iu<*1L1A#+< ;;*1<*B2;*,3#+1L8I):* ?<u4e%35"eF: 1"Ii7.:* /1iu5
eCF@Gua#+ %.*/)i1*1L "Ii/,&+ aeB>aeC,u41IC* B2;*eC7.*Qu ;;*e<#)*;&< a>iu)*a1# a#1>4G#+1L
ae,U Gi>iu<*F#e;7.*K

J>u a >Ai C * a Gi ;;* % ,* < a",* 7 #+F@ G u < i u T@ +


eG#<* a .4 : > 4 F#e;8i u ) * B >)* + 1"I i e 7+e,K a?<1* +
12<* 7 .: * a#E#2& ( C* e "+FL , * " I # +1L < F.* +
:
(<* F <* B 2;* , 3 # +eC/,& + 8i u ) * ) 4 % $C* + eC\ ; V* ( 8€ B ,1L
1A#+ B2;* e ,UFA<* "I i e C7.* K

;;*au,*;uX ae7ae,A#<* >C\*1IC*+>A<*1A#+< a1Aiu+1Aiu+<3=B,#+FA<* "Ii7.*K NUG < ;;*7#+


mmmmm e7(u4+/,&+ TE*"#"7@ ae"a%3<* a%ia<A 17i"Qu (iu7.* (71#+uiu+<A >C\*1IC*+>A<*
1I# TE*"#""Ii7@ ae"a%3<*7.* %iu<*,3=1A#+a%3)*+ e7(u4+7@1A#+X ae"a%3<*G<* 7u4+(1m
1A#+B,#+eF:"Ii7.*)K aB>#+7@1A#+< Giuae"a%3<*G<* eFA#:C.*+e2#*B,>=:?<e7#*F.*+ ;;*%,*
aeCB2):* 7i7#7.:* (u4+uL4+1L1A#+8I):* ?<u4e%35eC"7.*1I# "I)*+F)*+G)*"I#+eC7.*K NUG 8I):*
1Q#1i%*%,*23=51A#+< ;;*%,*%,*23=5$)*1A#+<iu ,iu1iu_ 21*+(&+"1ieC>AiC*%3)* S<*eB,#)*+73#+1L1A#+8I):*
%,*eB,+1L1A#+F.*+ ;;*%,*< ")*(iu)*eC"7.*K

;;*%,*< F@Gua#+ e?<#<*"345Gi%*FC\*/,&+ T@+eG#<*a.4:>4F#e;"C* a?<1*+2<*/>i1*+eB>#<*7.:*


aJ@a(ae,U aeB>>47.:* ‘B2%*eF+B2%*’ hAlQ#<iu (<*F<*<A):*7u4+eC7.*K J>u8I;*
a%3)*+ >u>4e%#*FIC*e"+71#+ mmmm >C\*8I):* a",*7#+ m,mmm >C\* (u4+uL4+>=:"e?<#)*+ NUG <
a7ia1I%*B,u e2#*B,>=:e7#*F.*+ GiuG<*,iue<#)*+,iu8iu)*7.*K

J>ua>AiC*aGi ;;*%,*< a",*7#+F@Gu<iu T@+eG#<*a.4:>4 F#e;8iu)*B>)*+ 1"Iie7+e,K a?<1*+1


2<*7.:* a#E#2&(C*e"+FL,*"I#+1L<F.*+ (<*F<*B2;*,3#+eC/,&+ 8iu)*)4%$C*+ eC\;V*(8€B,1L1A#+
B2;*e,UFA<* "IieC7.*K
:
!

"C*<uC*/1iu5%eC"#%3)* ;#+7u4+(& %C*+;&eC?<;V*/AFP

a%#+a(& + 1= : ;& + ,3 # +e"+ <A()* + 1L

;;*eB1B,)* aeB>aeC< ;;*%,*a%3<* aeF+G#+,@,C*;"# B2;*e7#*F.*+ ,iu1iu[<&+1#+7.:* ;iu+"i1*


e7#<< a%#+a(&+1"Ii7.:* ;&+,3#+e"+<A()*+1L< F#7.*K

B1C* 1 #<A,* 7 .* eTUF#8I ) : * J I V * F A)* mmmm >u 8 I ; *


a%3 ) * + W)* + X%C* 2 i u + mm "#>i u ) * 8 L C * + <A()* + >= : "

7.* K
:
%iu)*+B,.*X a7#+%)* Gu%*Fu,*1L%C*2iu+ eA&T&,&7.* mmmm >u8I;*%3)* mm "#>iu)*8LC*+<Au45$)*73#+/,&+
mmmm >u8I;*a%3<* >C\*1IC*+>A<*1A#+%3)*F.*+ %iu+%<*1L8LC*+ m "#>iu)*8LC*+7# "IiFi1:*1.*Qu <1R#:
SE*X >C\*1IC*+>A<* a,-a$)* ae<#)*+B1)*1L 7i,*1"Ii?<e,K

e)3e?<+e2#)*+,31L< mmmm >u8I;* 8I;*FJ*%3)* mm "#>iu)*8LC*+ "Ii>=:/,&+ J>ua>- (C*eZ+ mm 8I):* mm


"#>iu)*8LC*+ aGi B1):*%<*F#1L8I):*a%@ e)3e?<+e2#)*+,31L< mm "#>iu)*8LC*+ e<A#*F#7.*K "I#+,-+
F#1L1A#+?<#+ 1&+2iu7u4+j#%*e)35eZ+1A#+< Giu+%<*F#>=:?<7.*K Fm,*;;*1&+B,%*e%#<*1Le?<#):*
Fu,*)C*+a1A#+aB,#+< 1&+;<*1A#+<iu 7u4+;3=eC"7B2):* Gu%*Fu,*1Lae,U 7<*e"#<*1L1A#+ "IiF#>=:
7.*K

aB,.*B,.*(iu)*"# e)3e?<+"C*,u4e)3a23=5 (IMF) X >C\*1IC*+>A<*a" mmmm >u8I;*a%3)*+ Fu,*7#+


a)*a#+X ;u;ue,-)*+ m "#>iu)*8LC*+>C\*"Ii7.:* aFu,*a<iu)* m T71 m 7C*+ (u4+uL4+>=:"7.*K
F@c+e"X mm "#>iu)*8LC*+7.* J>ua>- ()*+"=13=e%1L1AV*+Xea#<*%3)* eCGiu)*FA<* "IieC?<
7.*K

B1C*1#<A,*7.* eTUF#8I):*JIV*FA)* mmmm >u8I;*a%3)*+ W)*+X%C*2iu+ mm "#>iu)*8LC*+ <A()*+>=:"


7.*K %"#+$)* e)3F=FIJ*8LC*+< %eTUF#FA)* mmmm <A,* B2;*eC>AiC* eZ+<3<*a%3)*+ ;4>AiC*%)*
aCi1:*(u4+B2;*7.:* <A,*e)3 m,mmm ea#<*8LC*+B2):* e>%|1m ae"#)*+a$J* B2;*eC>=:7.*K

8i u ) * ) 4 % <# e)3 e ?<+(i u ) * " # a7i u < * a $C* + <


B1C* 1 #a#E#7i 1 * + ;;* e <#)* ; & < i u 1.* 7 .: *
Sa#e"+ [<& + ?<,* 1 L < i u 1 m 1;3 1 * + e(#)* 8 i u ) * e 7#
"#я$%* e i u E * + %>u a B2;* %4 ( i , * < ,* F i u < * B >)* +
B2;* 7 .* K

Giu7iu\ <A,*e)3%C*2iu+ /,iu()*+<A1L<iu 1.*7.:*a"#< B2;*F#e;>=:7C.*+K


:
,G1a>A<*1I# F3C*;3# "I#+,-+F#7.:* 8iu)*)4B>#+e)3 $J*Fiua#+ B2;*7.*K ;;*au,*;u< ;&+,3#+e"+
Fu,*)C*+"I)*1A#+a#+ W)*+%iu\X 8iu)*)4B>#+e)31A#+<iu %"#+$)* 7%*1I%*8LC*+B2):* e"#)*+>A"C* ;.*+1AV*+
1A#+<iu Gu%*B,C*>=:7.*K

F@%iu)*+< J>ua>- ;4>AiC*%)* ae"#)*+a$J* B2;*eC7.:* 8iu)*)4B>#+e)38I):* e"q<iu ;ue(#)*+


7i1*+(.*+F#?<7.*K ;<*%)*S#F%3)* eZ+8LC*+1A#+ %.*/)i1*1L"Iie;"C* W)*+Xa"C*e"qa>Aiu5<iu
Gu%*e"#)*+>=:e?<#)*+ ;;*au,*;u< e?<.#7.*K

8iu)*)4B>#+e)3 B,%*F,*1L< aF3C*a1)*+ ;iu+"i1*;"# B2;*F#eC7.:*a%3<* B1C*1#8iu)*)4 hQiuSE*<


<u1fE&1A#+a#+ W)*+%iu\X 8iu)*)4B>#+ev<+/1& eTUF# m T1 m S&F&J4 B,C*F.*e,+(,*eC1L<iu
",*(iu)*+"C* 7iu\1Qu%* 8iu)*)4X ;&+,3#+e"+ 2345/2iu+%iu+%<*1Lae,U e""I.*a<Aiu+(<*1A#+<iu B2;*F#e;
1.:* e,+(,*1L ;.*+<1*+>A<*1A#+<iu B,C*F.*.bi8x)*+"C* я@Fiu)*Fa%3)*+< a1iC\*Gu%*B,C*>=:7.*K

"C*<uC*/1iu5%eC"#%3)* ;#+7u4+(& %C*+;&eC?<;V*/AFP

Tu%iJa>A<*1I# e"C48I):* 7S#$j#%*e)35a%3<* F;V* e"#)*+>A )I#+"1*+>1A#+1IF3=_ %uu%*8iu)*)4


:
8I):* CJ*;,*<uC*73J*e"+ a,-a$)* ,iu\<uC*1A#+ >C*+eB>#<*73#+B>)*+ B2;*7.*K Giu7iu\(iu7.:*%iu)* 8iu)*)4
,iu)* B1C*1#:e"C48I):* 7S#$j#%*e)35 Fu,*)C*+< 7S#$j#%*e)35 ,iu\<uC*$)*e)3 %>u%.*+a%3<* 7u4+
F,%* <#F%iu)*+%3)* ae1"i<C*eTUF# 7C*+ mmm 1m ""IieC(= B2;*7.*K %uu%*8I):* Giu)*+8iu)*)4%iu\
7iu\ ,iu<*Fiu)*+73J*%C*+B>)*+1I ""Ii7.:*$)*e)31I# ,u41IC*a>AiC*%3)* a;iu+"$)*e)3 ;u;ue,-)*+X mm
"#>iu)*8LC*+ "Ii7.*K $)*e)3< ;;*au,*;ua%3<* Sa#e"+a" a7<*e73+e?<#aB2;* (<*_
<AC*"IieC7.*K

%%iJa>A<*1I# B1C*1#8iu)*)4 hQiuSE*%3)* 8iu)*)4B>#+ a"C*e)31A#+ eFA#:<AF#eCB>)*+ B2;*7.*K


a#E#7i1*+1L 1%iu)*1&< a"C*e)3aB2;* eTUF# m T1 mm S&F&J4 "IieC>=:7.*K J>ua>- ;;*
au,*;u< eTUF# m S&F&J4 "Ii7.*Qu eB,#(iuG#+7.:*aG= ae1"i<C* B,.*eG#)*;u< %#+B1;*
G#+7.:* eTUF# m T1 m S&F&JF 4 .*+ ,-$)*eC7.*K

mmmm >u 8 I ; * % 3 ) * FJ* J #G3 < * < u C * %)* , i u \ 1 L < i u %C*


>Ai C * m 7C* + 1I m (%i u + e;"C* G#+"I i > = : 7 .: *
".* 1 I C * + >A<* 1 I # F.* + F<* F I 1 * + 11& 8 i u ) * e %#: e ,K

;%u%‚a>A<*1I# C&e<+ea"I#+ Nikkei Asia 7%)*+a" ,=";*aeB>;iu<* e)3e?<+"#я$%*1L e;#):*


?<.:*e"+ aG@+a23=5< B1C*1#8iu)*)4a#+ e)3e?<+>$->A1L C#1.*,A<*;#")*+%3)* G.:*73)*+e%#:1.:*
a>A<*B2;*7.*K F<*"Ii a&"C*8I):* eB1#<*<iu"&+J#+%iu\7.*7# a1.*,A<*;#")*+%3)* ,-$)*eC?<
7.*K a>A<*7.* 8iu)*)4%<# e)3e?<+(iu)*"# a7iu<*a$C*+< B1C*1#a#E#7i1*+ ;;*e<#)*;&
<iu 1.*7.:*Sa#e"+ [<&+?<,*1L<iu1m 1;31*+e(#)*8iu)*e7# "#я$%*eiuE*+%>uaB2;* %4(i,*<,*
Fiu<*B>)*+B2;*7.*K

7iu\ a1.*,A<*;#")*+ a73)*+>4"B>)*+< 8iu)*)4%<# ;&+,3#+e"+Fu,*)C*+1A#+ aeCB2):* B1C*1#8iu)*)4


a%3)*+ ;&+,3#+e"+Fu,*<iu)*B>)*+<iu 1%#+(&+e7#*F.*+ e)3e?<+Fq=eB,#)*+1L%iu)*+a%3<* aF3C*
><*>=eF+F47.:* a;&")*>41L1A#+<iu G.:*73)*+G#+"Ii 73#+"Fi1:*1.*B2;*7.*K Giua>A<*%>u%.*+
< eA,C*§ e%#)*<iu"&+J#+§ ;)*<#,@8I):* Giu)*+<u1fE&1A#+ a,-a$)* ;&+,3#+e"+Fu,*)C*+1A#+a#+ ;;*
au,*;u8I):* (<*F<*_ aFu,*Fu,*eC1L1A#+1I QC\*%#+Fi1:*1.* B2;*7.*K
:
7%iB,u"1.:* ,ƒw1a>A<*1I# <A,*e)3%C*2iu+ /,iuF=73#+B>)*+7.* a".*a>A)*+1"Ii1Le?<#):* eC#<*(u4+
%3)* ;;*au,*>Au,*e"+ae,U aJu4a?<.* Fu4+$1=:73#+B>)*+ (iu7.:* a>A<*B2;*7.*K

;;*e<#)*;&7.* hQiuSE*ae,U a>3):*a#E# aB,.:*a$ GiC*+>Au,*"C* Fu,*e(#)*F#>=:7.*K


я@Fiu)*Fa%3)*+< hQiuSE*X Fu,*)C*+F.*,%*1L1A#+<iu [<&+?<,*"C* TuhiuF*1Il+[<&+ eB>#<*c+<iu
;;*%,*< e;Fq%*>=:7.*K SE* Gi,*%C*+e>-)*+e(#)*,iu)*+%3)* <iuJ*<Aiu+"I# aFiue%#*"i1A#+B2):*
a;#+Giu+F=FIJ*>=:7.*K u<rs7;* B2;*7@7.* SE*a,*e)31A#+ GiC*+>Au,*"C* a1iC\*G3<*a/,&+
e/,&Fa%3)*+ Fu,*?<47%*B2%*1L%>u1I a7<*"I)*<AC*>=:7@ B2;*/,&+ Tu%iJu<rg1I# ;;*%,*X
Sa#e"+a"#"Ii>Au,*aB2;* %#$C*G1*+e(#)*>=:7@ B2;*7.*K

B1C*1#8iu)*)4X SE*;C;*< [<iu+%C*+e,U%3)* e"#<*"IieC7.*K ;;*au,*;u< Sa#e)3e?<+1A#+


NUG G4 7iu\1Qu%* a#E#2&(C*e"+ FL,*"I#+1LG47iu\ e"#<*"Ii173#+e;e"+ SE*1A#+a#+Fu4+%3)* e)3
Fq=1L1A#+<iu e;#):*?<.:*"C* a"#"Ii1A#+<iu G#+"Ii>=:7.*K Giua>A<*e?<#):*,)* 8iu)*)4X [<&+G3#+F#eC
7.:* 1iuSiu)*+F*SE*Fu,*)C*+ eZ+<3<*ae,U aQC\*a%#+ B2;*e;>=:/,&+ aG@+7B2):*
e%#)*7@FJ*71#+1A#+8I):* B,.*%3)*+<uC*7.*1A#+a%3<* B,uB,)*_ 1"8iu)*7.:* Gi>iu<*1L1A#+<iu B2;*
e;>=:7.*K

;iu<*,Aiu+"#7&a%3)*+ e%#)*7@1A#+a%3<* Fiua,*eC7.:* a")*+a8I&+ "I#+,-+73#+1L< ;iu<*,Aiu+e"+


<aa%3)*+ a1IC*%<J* "IieC7.:* B,C#<iu ,iu_ (iu+"3#+F#e;>=:7.*K 8iu)*)4B>#+e)3 1"IiB>)*+
e?<#):* ae"+[<&+7.:* j#%*eB1?7я#8I):* ,iu+7%*e(+1A#+ %)*73)*+1L<iu eFm#:>AFiu<*7.*K mmmm
>u8I;*%3)* FJ*J#G3<*<uC* %)*,iu\1L<iu %C*>AiC* m 7C*+1I m (%iu+e;"C* G#+"Ii>=:7.:* ".*1IC*+>A<*
1I#F.*+ F<*FI1*+11&8iu)*e%#:e,K
:
!

B1C*1#<A,*7.* eTUF#8I):*JIV*FA)* mmmm >u8I;*a%3)*+ W)*+X%C*2iu+ mm "#>iu)*8LC*+ <A()*+>=:7.*/AFP

;;*au,*;uX B,.*%3)*+a>3C*1A#+c+;&+g#C< mmmm >u8I;*%3)* F3C*>=:7.:*8I;*<G<* $)*e)3 mm


"#>iu)*8LC*+ <A()*+>=:e?<#)*+ a7ia1I%*B,u e2#*B,>=:7.*K Giu,1#E1I# a>3C*e,+e(#)*B>)*+ae,U
7,i%*e1I#<*1L1A#+8I):* <A()*+eC7.:* ;&+,3#+e"+%iu\e?<#):* <A,*e)3 m T1 mmm G"&FA4 (eTUF#
m T1 mmm S&F&J)4 ""Ii>=:"#1I <A,* m T1 mmm G"&F&J4 (eTUF# m T1 mmm S&F&J)4
aGi eFA#:<A>=:B>)*+ B2;*7.*K

B1C*1#:;&+,3#+e"+<iu Fq1*+1iu+G#+7.:* <u1fE&e,-)*+ mmm e<A#*<iu GiC*+>Au,*G#+7.:* ;;*%,*X


Fu,*)C*+;u[<&+ 8I;*>u%iu\7.*F.*+ B,.*,1I TE*>%*ae"+J@1L1A#+8I):* B,.*%3)*+1I 7,i%*e1I#<*1L1A#+
e?<#):* eC#<*B,C*(u%* <A()*+73#+>=:7.*<iuF.*+ 7%iB,u7):*?<7.*K W)*+%iu\X (u4+uL4+1L
a%iu)*+a%#1A#+<iu 17i"e7#*F.*+ Giu<u1fE&8I;*>u< W)*+%iu\X ‘a;u"IJ*J#"I)*1A#+’ <iu mmmm
>u8I;*a%3<* aB1%*e$;u1A#+<iu >3=e$1e,+S= mmmm >u8I;*%3)*F.*+ Giu7iu\ >3=e$e,+"C* B2;*8iu)*23J* 1"Ii
e>AK (;;*7.*1A#+7.* W)*+%iu\X "#G@+a():*ae,U 1@%.*_ a;u"IJ*J#1A#+<iu F;V* $J*J@"C*
a%)*+a<A,* e;>iu)*+>4?<"7.*K)
:
B1C* 1 #;;* % ,* < 8i u ) * ) 4 a 8I 4 \ %i u < * , 3 = 1 A#+8I ) : *
eB,#<* < A#+%i u < * > i u < * 1 L 1 A#+a%3 ) * + Ji u J 3 ) * + >A.: * C = \

F#eC>Ai C * W)* + X ;& + ,3 # +e"+aeB>>4


aeG#<* a <@ B ,u1L < F.* + />i 1 * + eB>#<* > 4 e C"
7.* K

h&J<*C1*;;*%,*8I):* 2<*;,*Fu,*<iu)*7.:* %J*F&2uC*+(<*73J*e"+<u1fE& 1iu)*%J*F* MyTel <=:7iu\


e7# 8iu)*)4B>#+ ")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41L1A#+7.*F.*+ hu4+e2#<*>3=1L1A#+8I):* Fu,*?<47%*B2%*"C* [<iu+,1*+1L1A#+
8I;*>u;Fu4+%3)* ,u41IC* ,;*1I%*G#+>4eC"7.*K

Giu\e?<#):* B1C*1#;;*%,*< 8iu)*)4a8I4\ %iu<*,3=1A#+8I):* eB,#<*<A#+%iu<*>iu<*1L1A#+a%3)*+ JiuJ3)*+


>A.:*C=\F#eC>AiC* W)*+X ;&+,3#+e"+aeB>>4 aeG#<*a<@B,u1L<F.*+ />i1*+eB>#<*>4eC"7.*K

<1*+<uC*ea#)* (iu+"3#+FI7.:* ;&14>C\*>3=1Le?<#):* ;;*au,*;uea#<* ;&+,3#+e"+/,iu<A1L< B,C*F.*


(J*%)*_ "8iu)*e%#:1.*1Qu%*Qu B1)*F#?<B>)*+< ;;*%,*eG#<*>47@1A#+a#+ 2J*"I#+,;*>3):*
NUG <iu e,+F#Fi1:*1.* B2;*7.*K %"#+u,eT;iu+1iu+1L8I):* Fu,*,iu)*>3):*e,+a,*G#+7.:* ,.#"I)*1A#+
8I):*a%@ T&1iu<e";&C.*+<A e"3+e<#<*%)*eB1b#<*G#+7.:* a;iu+"<7# 8iu)*)48I):* 8iu)*)47#+%iu\
a<Aiu+;&+,3#+1A#+<iu <#<3J*e;#):*e"I#<* e,+8iu)*Fi1:*1.* B2;*7.*K

(я<* > "& aS@ я #7.* $-"I ) * % C* " I i a1Ai u +7#+ ;;* S <* ( i u ) * " #e<#Fi , * 1 I ,-e1#<] % c+
B2;* / ,& + eeA#: e %#)* + %<r 7 i u F * X %3 = 2 <* , .#"I ) * % c+ B2;* 7 .* K RFA 1I Zachary Abuza
X The Myanmar military— —s real weak spot:: economic ineptitude e(#)* + ,-+<i u
(& e FA#* e a#)* S#7#B,C* ( i u 7 .* K )

You may also like these stories::

aeB>>4 F@%C*+;#+1A#+ ‘G1)*+ 1$e%#:,-’


:
<1R#:Sa#e"+ "#я$%*1L e;#):*?<.:*e"+a23=5< B1C*1#8iu)*)4<iu a1.*,A<*;#")*+73)*+8iu)*

ae1"i<C*1I eTUF# %S&F&J4B2):* T;*eA;*%J*e)3e?<+ G@eG#)*"C* NUG [<iu+;#+eC

a@"&T@+B1C*1# ,iu)*"I)*a7;*X eC#<*<3J*1I F<*1A#+

Topics:: GDP, NUG, e)3e?<+e2#)*+,31L, ;;*%,*X %<J:* a#+C.*+>A<*, ;&+,3#+e"+1I# 7u4+;#+1",


hQiuSE*

"
Zachary Abuza
e"#$%&

e"#$%& 18 September 2022

Crime

T& , = J )* + < <eF+ mc+ <i u ;;* % ,* <


e"c+^7/e„ u Q* < # aeF#)* + e2A#<*
:
eFe?<#)*+1I %iu<*>iu<*>4"7.*: F<*J<*<uC*+"3# SuC*+[<&+e<A#)*+a#+ e%35";V* / CJ
;;*<iu)*+%iu)*+ T&,=J)*+/1iu5CJ*"Ii F<*J<*<uC*+"3#<iu eFe?<#)*+%iu<*>iu<*1L%3)* e7(u+4 73#+7.*:
<eF+1A#+ X aeF#)*+<iu ;;*e<#)*;&< m1iu)*e$+7.*: e"c+/1iu5CJ*7iu\ 7J*<# 7/e„uQ*_
aeF#)*+e2A#<*Fiu<*e?<#)*+ eT77%)*+")*+B1;*1A#+G41I 7i"7.*K

B2;*;V*1I# ;<*%)*S# mm "<* 13C*+F3= m C#"&>C*\< F<*J<*<uC*+e<A+"3# SuC*+e%#*[<&+7)*


;#7)*e<A#)*+ <iu %iu<*>iu<*e"+ "Q%*J#V* Mi 35 m ;&+8I)*: ,;*>%*"# <eF+ mc+ ,3=>A)*+/,&+
e7(u+4 73#+7Fiu mmc+ TE*"# ""Iie?<#)*+§ aF#+%@ eB1B,)*;;*e?<#)*+<F.*+ "3#a%3)*+ $)*
%iu<*>iu<*"# eC#<*G,* <eF+ mc+a,-a$)* m c+e7(u4+73#+>=:7.*K

SuC*+e%#*[<&+7)*;#7)*e<A#)*+%iu<*>iu<*1La%3)*+ e7(u4+>=:"7.*: <eF+ mc+X aeF#)*+1A#+8I


)*: TE*"# "7@1A#+<iu ;;*%,*< e"c+/1iu5CJ* %iu)*+")*+e(+uu47iu\ .%3)*+>A)*+7J*F#/,&+
;<*%)*S# mm"<* C4C<* mC#"& %3)* <eF+ mc+X aeF#)*+<iu e"c+7uC*%3)* 7/e„uQ*Fiu<*
e?<#)*+§ GiueC\ .eC m C#"&>C*\ %3)* eC#<* G,* <eF+ m c+X aeF#)*+<iu J@F#<# G,*14
7/e„uQ*e?<#)*+§ J)*+ m c+7.* e"c+%iu)*+")*+e(+uu4%3)* G#+ 7.*: TE*"#" <eF+1A#+G=<
B2;*8iu)*e?<#)*+ eT7>41A#+< e<#<*>A<*>A?<7.*K

‘<#+e,U%)*73#+%# >-+B,%*§ F<*B,%*%=: <eF+e%3 ,-%J*K <eF+%eJ#<*< (iu")*


,-(J*Gu,*/,&+<iu B>)*+<A#+G=<iu G.*:/,&+ J@73#+ %#K e<A#)*+G=1I# e73+;e%3<iu ,u4eC%#K a7#+
;e%3< ,C*<#e%31I#e"#§ C4"4e%31I#e"#§ 1A<*8I#?<<* 1I#e"# <,*eC%#K e<A#)*+$)*+a%3)*+G=
1I#e%#: a7#+;e%3< eC"#a8I4\<iu B,C*\<A=eC%#’ Qu SuC*[<&+e<A#)*+$)*+a%3)*+ 73#+e"#<*?<
.*:uL>=:7.*: 1A<*B1)* eT7>4%c+< eB,#7.*K

e7(u4+<eF+1A#+X uu,*aeF#)*+1A#+ B,C*1"7.*:a%3<* 1iS1A#+aeCB2)*: C#e"+ B,uFu,*8iu)*B>)*+


1"Iie7+ e?<#)*+F.*+ 7i"7.*K

F<*J<*<uC*+"3#>4 %c+< ‘e<A#)*+7#+ 1iS m eJ#<* 7@%iu\<eF+e%3 e,A#<*Fiu\(iu/,&+ F#"I#


%#K a<…A;C=\ eS#)*+S&; a;u%*<eF+e%3,= e%35e%#: a=T-eF+e%3C=\ Fi,*B,# e>U1Fiu\ (iu/,&+
B,C*J@73#+%J*K <AeC#*%iu\1I# J@?<u4+1" B2;*eC"%#K a,iu)*+a;,= <AC*%#<iue%#)* e>3+e%3< 1
G#+>=:S@+K 1iSe%3<iu 7/eiuQ*>3)*: 1e,+S@+K a<uC*7J* 73#+%#’ Qu (iu7.*K

e"c+/1iu5CJ* 1&+7/e„uQ*;<*%3)* ;<*%)*S# mm "<* C4C<* m C#"&>C*\< eJ#<*A#+eF+ m eJ#<* §


1iC*+ <eF+ m eJ#<*aB,)* <A#+/1 1>3=B>#+8iu)*e%#:7.*: <iuJ*ae†- a;i%*a,iu)*+1A#+<iu ,&C4ai%*B2
)*: G.*:7@ m c+ <iu 1&+7/e„uQ*>=:/,&+ .eC m C#"&>C*\%3)* eJ#<*A#+eF+ m eJ#<*<iu G,*14 7/e„uQ*>=:
:
e?<#)*+ e"c+/1iu5CJ* B,.* 7@\ <#<3J*e"+ a23=5G41I 7i"7.*K

eFe?<#)*+1I %iu<*>iu<*>4"7.*: F<*J<*<uC*+"3# SuC*+[<&+e<A#)*+a#+ e%35";V* (j#%*,u4- CJ)

,;*>%*1L1A#+ B,uFu,*>=:7.*: ;<*%)*S# mm "<* .eC,iu)*+<%.*+< ;;*e<#)*;&%,*7.* F<*


J<*<uC*+ "3#1I <#+8I)*: "3#>4<iu aj1}e;>iu)*+/,&+ e7(u4+<eF+1A#+8I)*: TE*"#"G#+7@ ("#§
("#1 m c+aB,)* <eF+ mm c+<iu e(+<u71.* Qu(iu<# e"c+7iu\ e1#)*+8I)*"C* e>Ue(#)*73#+
e?<#)*+ eT7>41A#+G41I 7i"7.*K

a(iu,- B2;*;V*<iu ?<#+7i"e7# e"c+eT7>4 %c+< ‘"3#<eC 21*+F#%=: <#+ m ;&+e,U1I# e7


73#+%=: <eF+e%3e"# 1e7e7+%=: <eF+e%3e"# <#+C=\ ;uB,u4%)*F#/,&+e%#: ;;*e?<#)*+<
e"c+<iu B,C*$)*%#K .%3)*+>A)*+ 1&+7/e„uQ*2iu\<iu Fu,*%#K <#+71#+<F.*+ ;;*7#+ aeF#)*+
e%3<iu,= 7J*>iu)*+%J*G)*Fiu\ ai%*e%3<iu 23)*:?<.*:e%#: <eF+e%3 B2;*eC%J*K F#,iu\%=:F@
:
<iuJ*%iu)*< e"I#:>*"73#+%#’ Qu eB,#7.*K

Giu\B,)* TE*"#"G#+7.*: <eF+1A#+a,- mm c+<iu e"c+/1iu5e,U"Ii ;;*e<#)*;& %,*;3=G#+7.*: %iu)*+


")*+e(+uu4 a%3)*+^G#+"Ii G#+/,&+ <eF+a>Aiu57.* <iuJ*F<*ae†- 1;u4e%#:7.*aGi TE*"#
B,)*+GC*;3# ""IiG#+ e?<#)*+ e"c+eT7>41A#+G41I ;u4;1*+7i"Ii"7.*K

Giu<=:7.*: B,;*1L<iu <Al+F3C*>=:7.*: ;;*e<#)*;&%,*1I# 1.*7.*: %,*1§ %,*")*+ (iu7.*<iu 17i"


e7+e7#* F.*+ eT7<#<3J*e"+%,*1A#+<1@ "C*<uC*%iu)*+ ;;*g#C>Au,* F<*ea#<*>4 e1I#*S&
aeB> ;iu<* >1" mmm 8I)*: ;;*<iu)*+%iu)*+ ;;*<iu)*+/1iu5%3)* aeB>;iu<*7.*: %,*1 mm %iu\< %,*23=5$)*
1A#+ B2;*7.*Qu <#<3J*e"+ %,*23=5$)*1A#+< J@(G#+?<7.*K

<eF+1A#+aB,)* eT7>4 m c+B2;*7.*: c+e<A#*G3C*+ (mm 8I;*)§ c+ea#)*e;#eG3+ (mm 8I;*)§ 1Ju
(mm 8I;*)§ c+%)*;iu+>iu)* (mm 8I;*)§ e1#)*ea#)*>A;*1iu+ (mm 8I;*)§ e1#)*ea#)*ea#)*c+ (mm 8I;*) 8I)*:
e1#)*e;#1)*+c+ (mm 8I;*) %iu\<iuF.*+ ;;*e<#)*;& %,*23=5$)*1A#+< 7%*B2%*>=:e?<#)*+ 7i"7.*K
:
!

eFe?<#)*+1I %iu<*>iu<*>4"7.*: F<*J<*<uC*+"3# SuC*+[<&+e<A#)*+a#+ e%35";V* (j#%*,u4- CJ)

;;*e<#)*;&%,*7.* F<*J<*<uC*+"3#< SuC*+[<&+e<A#)*+%3)* <#<3J*e"+ %,*23=5$)*1A#+ "Ii7.*


(iue7# 7%)*+B2)*: eFe?<#)*+%iu<*>iu<*B>)*+<iu B,uFu,*>=:B>)*+ B2;*e?<#)*+ eT7>41A#+< (iu7.*K

e"c+/1iu5CJ* B,.*7@\<#<3J*e"+ %,*23=5$)* %c+< ‘7%)*+a1I#+e%3<iu,= Ju4/,&+e%#: eFe?<#)*+


<eC ,;* >%*/,&+ "3#>4e%3C=\ <eF+e%3<iu,= 7%*B2%*eC%=: F@1Aiu+%u4+ 7%*B2%*1Le%3,= (<*%iu<*
<Al+F3C*eC%#K aB,;*1=: <eF+e%31IC*+ 7i,-FA<*C=\ eF7@"=e%3 ,;*8iu)*%#<iuF.*+ <AeC#*%iu\
e%#*e%#*eF+ ea#:8IFu4+ C#%J*K ;;*e"+<iu eJ#<*A#+ ;;*7#+,&,& eB1B,)*<eC ;;*>A& ;1*+,-K 7@
%iu\ e$Q)*<eC,= Fu,*%%*e%#:%#’ Qu eB,#7.*K

;;*e<#)*;&X B1$%&uu,*74<1@ F<*J<*<uC*+"3#1I%()*: <>A)*F3%*eB1#<*e"+%,*1e%#* (KIA)


8I)*: PDF %iu\< F<*C<*>=J1*+1A#+ 7J*J@,iu\e(#)*1.* B2;*e?<#)*+8I)*: "3#SuC*+[<&+e<A#)*+%3)*
a1Aiu+7#+T&1iu<e";& a23=5>Au,* (NLD) ,-%& eG#<*>47@1A#+§ PDF 1A#+ >iuea#)*+eCGiu)*FA<* "Ii/,&+
:
eT7>41A#+8I)*: >"&+73#+ B,.*7@1A#+<iu aj1}(<*e?<+ e%#)*+>4B>)*+1A#+ B,uFu,*eCe?<#)*+
7%)*+e,+ %iu)*?<#+>A<*e?<#)*: $)*e"#<* ;;*e(+>=:B>)*+ B2;*e?<#)*+ ;<*%)*S# mm "<*.,iu)*+
7%)*+%3)* e?<.#>=:7.*K

Giu7iu\ ;;*e(+;V* B,.*7@1A#+<iu F@7#+Tiu)*+aeCB2)*: a<#a<3J*J@/,&+ KIA 8I)*: PDF %iu\<


%iu<*>iu<*>=:7.*: a%3<* aB,C*aFIC* Gie%351L B2;*,3#+B>)*+e?<#)*: eT7>41A#+ e7(u4+1L "Ii>=:e?<#)*+
7%)*+%3)* e?<.#>=: e7#*F.*+ eB1B,)*%3)* Gie%35%iu<*,3=1Aiu+ B2;*,3#+B>)*+ 1Qu%*S= ;;*%,*<
7# a?<1*+2<* %iu<*>iu<*>=:B>)*+ B2;* e?<#)*+ eT7>41A#+< (iuG#+7.*K

a#E#7i1*+ ;;*%,*X 7%*B2%*1Le?<#)*: <eF+)J*1A#+ e7(u+4 7.*: aF#+%@B2;*;V*1A#+


;<*%)*S# mm 8I)*: mm "<*%3)* G,*14 B2;*,3#+>=:7.*K

;<*%)*S# mm "<* .,iu)*+< "I1*+- <J#+ CJ*;,*"Ii 1iu+/h=/1iu5<iu ;;*e<#)*;&%,*< ,;*>%*>=:7.*:


F<*C<*[<&+ e13e%#*Su"#+SuC*+[<&+e<A#)*+%3)* <Ae"#<* e,-<*<3="# ;;*e"I#)*1A#+G=1I a7<* m
8I;*8I)*: mm 8I;*a"3J* .&a;*18I;*c+ e7(u4+>=:/,&+§ ;<*%)*S# mm "<*< ;;*<iu)*+%iu)*+§ <C*\SF@
/1iu5CJ*§ >A,*<uC*+"3#1I ;;*e<#)*;& %,*< ,;*>%*1Le?<#)*: 1iF)*<uC*+e<A+"3#eC a7<* m 8I;*
a"3J* eJ#<*A#+eF+ m c+ ")*au4Gi1IC* e7(u4+>=:e?<#)*+ 7i"7.*K

You may also like these stories::

(&1&+>u4CJ*< eT7>4 mm e<A#*<iu ;;*e<#)*;& 21*+(&+G#+

NLD eG#<*>47@%iu\X ,iu)*(iu)*1L1A#+ <C\*SF@ ,Ale;#G&+ e"#)*+;#+

B1$%&-e$-eF^ aGiC#7.:* ;;*%,*a%3)*+ a1iC\*1C#>41L1A#+ B2;*eCQu(iu

Topics:: ;#7)*e<A#)*+, e"c+, F<*J<*<uC*+"3#, eFe?<#)*+%iu<*>iu<*

e"#$%&
...
:
e"#$%& 17 September 2022

e(#)*+,-+

F#1J: * ,-%& < 3 C * e "<* 1 I # "I & < A): * 2 A)* < i u
a#+Fu 4 + < e;#): * ? <.: * e C

<3C*e"<*<iu a1A#+a#+B2):* eSeA)*+/1iu5FJ*"Ii B,.*7@\>C*+1%3)* %4>-+,i%* <A)*+,eF:"Ii7.* / AFP


%uu%*8iu)*)4%3)* a[<i1* mm eB1#<* ,-%&<3C*e"<*<A)*+,1.:* "<*;3=<iu e?<.#Fiu<*>AiC*%3)* 71}%
"I&<A):*2A)*7.* 7@X a#E#<iu ,iu1iu>iu)*1#e;/,&+ %%iJ "#G@+7<*%1*+%3)* G1*+e(#)*1.*Qu
e1m#*F):*"7.*K

Giu<3C*e"<*<iu a1A#+a#+B2):* eSeA)*+/1iu5FJ*"Ii B,.*7@\>C*+1%3)* %4>-+,i%* <A)*+,eF:"Ii7.*K

a#E#" %uu % * < 3 C * B 1lC;* , -%& ((CCP)) 7.*

W)* + X mm [<i 1 * e B1#<* <3 C * e "<* < i u

ea#<* % i u S #F mm "<* e C\ % 3 ) * ;%)* < A)* + ,1.*


:
B2;* / ,& + Gi u < 3 C * e "<* % 3 ) * %uu % * 7 1} % "I & < A): *

2A)* 7 .* J>)* < %uu % * 7 1i u ) * + %3 ) * 1"I i 2 @ + 7.: *


,-%& e >-)* + e(#)* %%i J 7<* % 1* + <i u (<* F <*

G1* + e(#)* 1 .* Q u e1m#* F ): * " 7.* K

a#E#" %uu%*<3C*B1lC;*,-%& (CCP) 7.* W)*+X mm [<i1*eB1#<* <3C*e"<*<iu ea#<*%iuS#F


mm "<*eC\%3)* ;%)*<A)*+,1.*B2;*/,&+ Giu<3C*e"<*%3)* %uu%*71}% "I&<A):*2A)*7.* J>)*<
%uu%*71iu)*+%3)* 1"Ii2@+7.:* ,-%&e>-)*+e(#)* %%iJ 7<*%1*+<iu (<*F<* G1*+e(#)*1.*Qu
e1m#*F):*"7.*K

Giu<3C*e"<*7.* ,u41IC*a#+B2):* m ,%*>C\*?<#7.*K F<*"Ii<3C*e"<*X m 8I;*7<*%1*+ <uC*(u4+


e7# J>u8I;*%3)* <iuJ*;#+FIJ* m,mmm e<A#*%<*e"#<*/,&+ ,-%&hQiue<#*1%&a%3<* 1Aiu+(<*
7;*1A#+<iu e"3+>AJ*1.*B2;*7.*K

hQiue<#*1%&$)*a>Aiu5<iu a23=5$)* mm c+,-7.:* 8iu)*)4e"+c+e(#)*a23=57iu\ %#$C*%iu+B1b):* e,+a,*1.*


B2;*7.*K ,-%&%3)* a#E#aB1):*1#+(u4+"Iie7# a23=5$)* m c+,- a/1=%1*+ 8iu)*)4e"+ c+e(#)*a23=5
%3)* 1A<*8I#7;*1A#+<iu e%35"8iu)*23J*"Ii7.*K

aji < e>-)* + e(#)* 1 L e"3 + >AJ* B >)* +

;&+,3#+e"+ ;31*+e(#)*1L Ci1:*<AB>)*+8I):* ae1"i<C* B,.*eG#)*;u8I):*%)*+1#1L B1):*1#+B>)*+ a,-a$)*


B,.*%3)*+ B,.*, ;iC*e>U1La>Aiu5"Iie7#*F.*+ <3C*e"<*<iu ea#<*%iuS#F%3)* <A)*+,"C* e"3+>AJ*
B>)*+1I# ,-%&%3)*+%3)* 71}% "I&X ?7я#7.* %.*/)i1*eC7.:* 7eS#"Iie?<#)*+ eF:F#7@1A#+<
eB,#7.*K

‘e>-)*+e(#)*1L aeB,#)*+aF=Fu,*%=: a")*< ,-%&<3C*e"<*e%3<iu Gu4+;4a#+B2):* 8iu$)*S#F1I#


Fu,*%J*K a=T-<iuF.*+ au,*;ua1Aiu+1Aiu+?<#+1I# .bi8x)*+e(3+e83+ Fu,*e(#)*"%J*’ Qu Giu)*$1*"Ii >Au4
>A& a1Aiu+7#+ %<r7iuF* (NCCU) 1I %uu%*8iu)*)4e"+ <i1*+<A)*7@ ,-e1#<] "I)*"IC*+$1*< eB,#7.*K
:
‘mm [<i 1 * e B1#<* ,-%& < 3 C * e "<* < i u e %#: a")* <
e>-)* + e(#)* 1 L aeB,#)* + aF= 1 "I i % = : <3 C * e "<* e %3
Fi u , = ea#<* % i u S #F FJ* 1 I # <A)* + ,%J* ( i u % #

< 71} % "I & " = 5 a#E# a"1* + >i u ) * 1 # eC%J* ( i u % #


<i u B,7eC%J* ’

‘T-e,1J:* mm [<i1*eB1#<* ,-%&<3C*e"<*<iue%#: a")*< e>-)*+e(#)*1L aeB,#)*+aF=1"Ii%=:


<3C*e"<*e%3Fiu,= ea#<*%iuS#F FJ*1I# <A)*+,%J*(iu%#< 71}% "I&"=5a#E# a"1*+>iu)*1#
eC%J*(iu%#<iu B,7eC%J*’ QuF.*+ W)*+<eB,#7.*K

o;[%&+J#+8iu)*)4§ h&J)*C# %<r7iuF*1I %uu%*8iu)*)4e"+8I):* u,eT <i1*+<A)*7@ eT-<*%# F)*+F&


<F.*+ ,-%&e>-)*+e(#)*7;* e"3+>AJ*1L8I):*,%*7<*/,&+ a#+/,iu)*1L1A#+ "IieCe7+,-< <3C*e"<*
<A)*+,1.:* "<*;3=<iu e?<.#1.* 1Qu%*e?<#)*+ eG#<*B,7.*K

‘<3C*e"<*<A)*+,1J:* "<*;3=<iu e?<.#Fiu<*%#Q# a=T&e"3+>AJ*1LC=\ ,%*7<*/,&+ aji<<A%=:


a(u4+aB2%*e,+7@e%31I# 7eS#%@.&>A<*"G#+/,&+/,&Fiu\ J@(8iu)*%J*’ Qu 7@1< DW 7iu\
eB,#7.*K

?7eu%*F mm "<*eC\< Gu%*e$7.:* e(#)*+,-+%e;#)*%3)* 8iu)*)4,iu)* China Daily 7%)*+;#<


J>u<A)*+,1.:* <3C*e"<*7.* F3C*>=:e7# m 8I;*a%3)*+ %uu%*<3C*B1lC;*,-%&X Fu,*)C*+1A#+§
aji<ea#)*B1)*1L1A#+8I):* 71}% "I&<A):*2A)* c+e(#)*7.:* ,-%& hQiue<#*1%&X a2iu+%C*7.:*
ae%35a?<u41A#+<iu 7u4+7,*1.*B2;*e?<#)*+ e2#*B,G#+7.*K

71}%"#G@+7<*%1*+ m [<i1*7# <C\*7%*G#+e7# ;C;*<iu 71}% "I&< 2A<*7i1*+G#+7.*K

‘Giu<3C*e"<*7.* B,.*%3)*+8I):* 8iu)*)4%<#aeB>aeC1A#+<iu ae7+;i%* 7u4+7,*/,&+ ,-%&%iu+%<*


e"+8I):* e>%*7;*%3)* 8iu)*)4X >"&+F1*+7;*a%3<* Fiua,*>A<*7;*1A#+<iu 7#1< B,.*7@1A#+X
:
e1m#*1IC*+>A<*7;*1A#+<iu,- <AJ*<AJ*B,C\*B,C\* >A1I%*1.*B2;*7.*’ Qu Giue(#)*+,-+%3)* e2#*B,
G#+7.*K

71} % "I & X a#E#>Au,* < i u ) * 1 L >i u ) * 1 #e;B>)* +

<3C*e"<*%3)* 71}% "I&7.* 7@\<iu(<*>4"C* aF#+aF#"Ii7@a,-a$)* Gi,*%C*+"#G@+1A#+%3)*


7@\<iu7;w#>47@1A#+<iu a;#+Giu+1.*§ 1Giu+1.*<iu aG@+a#uu4;iu<*eC?<7.*K

71}%"#G@+7<*%1*+ m [<i1*7# <C\*7%*G#+e7# ;C;*<iu 71}% "I&< 2A<*7i1*+G#+7.*/ AFP

71}% "I& 1%iu)*1&< ,-%&e>-)*+e(#)* m c+%iu\7.* "#G@+7<*%1*+ m [<i1* G1*+e(#)*/,&+eC#<*


8u%*G3<*?<7.*K

‘F3C*>=:%=: mm 8I;*< %uu%* <3C*B1lC;*,-%& aeG3eG3a%3)*+e"+1Il+ B2;*F#<%.*+< "I&<


%uu%*8iu)*)4e"+ a>)*+a<A)*+<iu 7i7i7#7# eB,#)*+F=Fiu<*%J*’ Qu ae1"i<C* B,.*eG#)*;u
aeB>;iu<* %uu%*F@\a>3):*ae"+e"I5eC 1;w%# Gu4eB,#)*< eB,#7.*K

‘a#E#>Au,*<iu)*e"+ FL,*"I#+1La"(iu")* 71}% "I&< e%#*e%#*ea#)*B1)*%J*K 7@\F@e%3<iu >C\*/,&+


:
8iu)*)4e"+a%iu<*a>4e%3<iu 2J*"I#+2iu\ ae%iFiu<*;#+1L %iu<*2A<*e"+<iu Fu,*>=:%J*’ Qu 1;w%# Gu4
< DW 7iu\ eB,#7.*K

mmmm >u 8 I ; * % 3 ) * 71} % "#G@ + 7<* % 1* +


<C\ * 7 %* > A<* < i u ,J* 2 A<* / ,& + eC#<* 71} % "I &
7.* %uu % * <3 C * B 1lC;* , -%& < i u ;u e ,-)* +
a#E#"I ) * ; C;* 1 I F@ , u e { i u F* a #E#"I ) * ; C;* 7 i u \

eB,#)* + F= F i u < * 7 .* K

mmmm >u8I;*%3)* 71}%"#G@+7<*%1*+ <C\*7%*>A<*<iu ,J*2A<*/,&+eC#<* 71}% "I&7.* %uu%*


<3C*B1lC;*,-%&<iu ;ue,-)*+a#E#"I)*;C;*1I F@,ue{iuF*a#E#"I)*;C;*7iu\ eB,#)*+F=Fiu<*e?<#)*+ 7@<
eG#<*B,7.*K

8iu)*)4e"+c+e(#)*a23=5 a/1=%1*+a23=5$)* a1A#+aB,#+7.* a7<*<C\*7%*>A<*e?<#):* mm [<i1*


eB1#<* <3C*e"<*%3)* 8u%*G3<*?<1.*Qu e1m#*F):*"7.*K F3C*>=:e7# (J*;u8I;*aC.*+)J*a%3)*+
;.*+1AV*+a" a7<* mm 8I;*8I):*aG<* e>-)*+e(#)*1A#+7.* eC#<*%[<i1* <3C*e"<*<A)*+,
e7#a>- 8u%*G3<*"C* Fiua,*/,&+ a7<* mm 8I;*ea#<* e>-)*+e(#)*1A#+7.* "#G@+%<*
7iu\1Qu%* F<*"IiGi,*%C*+"#G@+%3)* (<*F<* ",*%.*8iu)*7.*K

%uu%*<3C*B1lC;*,-%& Gi,*%C*+e>-)*+e(#)*1L 23=5;.*+,u47.* Giua7<*a"3J* <C\*7%*>A<*<iu 1.*


1meB,#)*+F=Fiu7.*§ 1.*1meB,#)*+F=8iu)*7.*(iu7.:* a%iu)*+a%#ae,U 1@%.*e?<#)*+ h&J)*C#
%<r7iuF*1I eT-<*%# F)*+F&< e(#)*+,-+%,uT*%3)* 1?<#e7+1&< e"+7#+7.*K

7@1Xa(iua" 71}% "I&7.* F<*"Ii a7<*<C\*7%*>A<*<iu (<*F<*G#+"Ii,-< 8iu)*)4e"+


c+e(#)*a23=5 a/1=%1*+a23=5$)* m c+7.* J>ue(#)*+"#7&%3)* aC#+J@"1.*B2;*/,&+ <AC*a23=5$)*
1A#+7.* (<*F<* %#$C*G1*+e(#)*8iu)*7.*K
:
‘a7<*<C\*7%*>A<*<iu (<*G#+1J*§ 1G#+S@+§ B,)*1J* (iu%#e%3<iu G.:*1%3<*")*e%#)*
mmmm >u8I;*1I# e>-)*+e(#)*1LaeB,#)*+aF= aFI.:*<AB2;*e;2iu\ a/1=%1*+ 8iu)*)4e"+ c+e(#)*a23=51I#
,iu1iu)J*"3J*%=: a23=5$)* m eJ#<*Fiu%J*’ Qu 7@1<e"+7#+7.*K

1.* 7 @ $C* [ <& + >Au,* B 2;* 1 .* C .* +

>Au4>A& a1Aiu+7#+%<r7iuF*1I ,-e1#<] $1*< ae"+[<&+e7# e1+>3C*+%>u1I# 1.*7@ $C*[<&+>Au,*7;*


B2;*F#1.*C.*+(iu7.:* e1+>3C*+B2;*e?<#)*+ eB,#7.*K

%uu % * 8 i u ) * ) 4 % 3 ) * ;& + ,3 # +e"+ ;3 1 * + e(#)* 1 L < A()* +


/,& + F@ ) J* aFu , * F <* 1 = : 8 L C * + B1): * 1 #+F#

e7#e?<#): * 1;w % # F& 7 .* ;& + ,3 # +e"+8I ) : * F @ 1 L


B,C#1A#+<i u eB2"I ) * + "C* a#+Gu % * 1 L 1 A#+<i u

c+e(#)* " #%3 ) * ,i u 1 i u % <* v <F#/,& + 7@ 7 .*


71} % "I & X a#E#<i u ;i C * e >U7@ B 2;* F #1.* F #+

F<*"Ii$C*[<&+>Au,* 1;w%# F&>=:>AC*7.* m 8I;*a%3)*+ "#G@+1I 8u%*G3<*1.*Qu e?<.#G#+7.*K


7iu\e7#* 1?<#e7+1&F1A#+a%3)*+ %uu%*8iu)*)4%3)* ;&+,3#+e"+ ;31*+e(#)*1L<A()*+/,&+ F@)J*
aFu,*F<*1=:8LC*+ B1):*1#+F#e7#e?<#):* 1;w%# F&7.* ;&+,3#+e"+8I):*F@1L B,C#1A#+<iu eB2"I)*+
"C* a#+Gu%*1L1A#+<iu c+e(#)*"#%3)* ,iu1iu%<*v<F#/,&+ 7@7.* 71}% "I&X a#E#<iu ;iC*e>U7@
B2;*F#1.*F#+(iu7.:* >C\*1IC*+>A<*1A#+ G3<*e,UF#7.*K

‘a=T&>C\*1IC*+>A<*< %uu%*8iu)*)4"=5 ,<%i aeB>aeCC=\ 1<iu<*.&S@+’ Qu ,-e1#<] $1*< DW 7iu\


eB,#7.*K
:
!

mmmm >u8I;*§ 1%*Fa%3)*+%3)* %uu%*$C*[<&+>Au,* 1;w%# F&>=:>AC* ($=) < m 8I;*a%3)*+ 8u%*G3<*1.*Qu e?<.#>=:7.* / CNN

‘;&+,3#+e"+ B,C#e%3§ <,*e"#e- <#<3J*e"+§ ;iu<*,Aiu+e"+B,C#e%3C=\ 1iu+e>-)*e""I#+1L§ T-e%3


a#+Fu4+<iu %uu%*8iu)*)4e%#*e<#)*;&< (u4+B2%*<iu)*%3J*"%J*K T-e?<#):* 1;w%# F&< a1A#+B,.*
7@e"I5 G3<*Fu,*"%#< ,u41IC*,=B2;*%J*K 1;w%# F&< T&%#$C*e%3<iu J@2iu\ ;i%*a#+G<*7C*/,&+
F@1L;&+,3#+B,C#e%3<iu <iu)*%3J*"#1I# <i1*+<A)*1L B,>A)*%J*Fiu\,= G)*%J*’ Qu 7@<
eB,#7.*K

F<*"Ii Tu%iJ$C*[<&+>Au,*8I):* %uu%*B,.*7@\8iu)*)4e"+ a%iu)*,)*>4<3C*2"):* a1Aiu+7#+e<#*1%& u<rs


Q@>i1*Q3#7.* $C*[<&+>Au,*"#G@+<iu (<*>41.:*7@B2;*7.*Qu <i1*+<A)*7@a>Aiu5< eG#<*B,7.*K

‘$C*[<&+>Au,*7;* e"3+>AJ*2iu\ ;48LC*+7%*1I%*>A<*< "I&< 7eS#<A§ 1<A(iu%=:a>A<*C=\ 8iu)*)4e"+


7;w#>41L< aji< B2;*1J*’ Qu NCCU 1I ,-e1#<] $1*< eB,#7.*K

‘a=T&aB1)*a"eB,#")* $1*JC*< Q@>i1*Q3#G<* ,iu1iu7):*e%#*eC%J*K 7@< F3C*>=:%=: m 8I;*a%3)*+


"I& C=\%3=/,&+ e<#)*+e<#)*+Fu,*B,>=:%J*K Giu)*$1*§ "I)*<AC*+§ %iS<*C=\ %,*e,-)*+;ug#C1I#
e<#)*+e<#)*+ Fu,*e(#)*B,>=:%J*’ Qu 7@<eB,#7.*

[<& + G3 # +F#e7# B,.* % 3 ) * + B,C#1A#+


:
1?<#e7+1&F1A#+a%3)*+ %uu%*8iu)*)47.* ;&+,3#+e"+ %iu+%<*1L e8I+e<3+B>)*+<iu ?<u4e%35eC"/,&+
mmmm ,G18I;*$<*a%3<* ;u;ue,-)*+B,.*%3)*+Gu%*Fu,*1L (GDP) %iu+%<*8LC*+ m T71 m "#>iu)*8LC*+
<A()*+/,&+ 8I;*;V* ".*1IC*+>A<*B2;*7.:* m T71 m "#>iu)*8LC*+ea#<* e"#<*eC7.*K

%uu%*8iu)*)41I a[<&+1#+(u4+ ;&,3#+e"+ a>A<*aB>#B2;*7.:* "IC*Qiu)*+%3)* J>u8I;*ae;#,iu)*+<


%)*+<A,*e7# eF#:eT-)*+ ,i%*(iu\1L1A#+ Fa%C*?<# >A1I%*"/,&+eC#<* Giu7iu\B2;*F#B>)*+ B2;*7.*K
Giu\aB,)* я@Fiu)*F%3)* F@)J* aFu,*F<*1=:8LC*+7.* mm T71 m "#>iu)*8LC*+B2;*F#/,&+ mmmm >u8I;*
%3)* %uu%*a#E#,iu)*1A#+< aFu,*a<iu)*8I):* ,%*7<*7.:* ;#")*+1A#+<iu;%)* Gu%*B,C*/,&+
eC#<*,iu)*+ aB1):*1#+(u4+ B2;*eC7.*K

ae1"i < C* ea#<* F q % * e %#* u<r s CC* ; & e ,Fi u


;& 7 .* F3 C * > = : e 7#F< Gi u ) * $ 1* 7 i u \ 73 # +e"#<* / ,& +

eC#<* , i u ) * + %uu % * < Gi u ) * $ 1* ,%* , %* F .* % 3 ) *


;;* e "+eF: < A): * 1 L a1A#+aB,#+ Fu , * e 7#e?<#): *
%uu % * - ae1"i < C* %)* + 1#1L B1): * 1 #+eC7.* K

8iu)*)4%<#e"+"#%3)*F.*+ ae1"i<C* ea#<*Fq%*e%#* u<rs CC*;&e,Fiu;&7.* F3C*>=:e7#F<


Giu)*$1*7iu\ 73#+e"#<*/,&+eC#<*,iu)*+ %uu%*< Giu)*$1* ,%*,%*F.*%3)* ;;*e"+eF:<A):*1L a1A#+
aB,#+ Fu,*e7#e?<#):* %uu%*-ae1"i<C* %)*+1#1L B1):*1#+eC7.*K

Giu B,.*%3)*+B,.*, B,C#1A#+7.* "I& 71}%"#G@+ %%iJ m 8I;*7<*%1*+"J@"C* [<iu+;#+1L


a%3<* ;iC*e>U1L1A#+ 1Qu%*e7#*F.*+ 7@X aji<1@$-T a;&a;V*1A#+a%3<* %C*2iu+e,+(,*"
B>)*+7.* (<*F<* B1):*1#+eC1.*B2;*e?<#)*+ <i1*+<A)*7@ a>Aiu5< eB,#7.*K

‘"I&"=5 %uu%*ai,*1<*a%3<* e,+(,*"%=:%C*2iu+< B1):*1#+eCe,1J:* a#E#<iu ,iu1iu;u;.*+ >Au,*<iu)*


F#%#C=\ a/1=%1*+8iu)*)4e"+ c+e(#)*a23=51I# "I&"=51Q#1i%*e%3 "IieC%#e?<#):* mm [<i1*eB1#<*
<3C*e"<*1I# 7@"=51@$-T a;&a;V*e%3<iu aC.*+)J* eFm#:>A%#G<*,iu/,&+ Fu,*2iu\ (8€"Ii1J*Fiu\ 1G)*
:
S@+’ Qu ea#<*;2iu\T* %<r7iuF*1I %uu%*8iu)*)4e"+ %3=2<*,-e1#<] ,<*G";*"I# 73C*%C*<
eB,#7.*K

‘mm [<i1*eB1#<* <3C*e"<*1%iu)*>)*C=\ a%3)*+1I# "I&<iu ;iC*e>U1J:* SJ*7@1I SJ*<i;w1I "IiF#1I#


1Qu%*S@+K Gi,*%C*+"#G@+e%3<iu %<*F#1J:* 7@e%3<F.*+ "I&<iu eG#<*>47@e%37# B2;*1J*K
T-e?<#):* 1B1)*8iu)*%=: a<A,*a%.*+<iu %#+(&+e,+1J*’ QuF.*+ 7@<eB,#7.*K

(DW 1I China: All eyes on Xi Jinping at Party Congress <iu S#7#B,C* e2#*B,7.*K)

You may also like these stories::

J@<"iC*+;;*,3=ae,U %uu%* ‘;iu+"i1*1L’ uu"I#+C#+F.*Qu ,@%)* eB,#

e,Fiu;&X Giu)*$1*>"&+< 71}% "I& a#E#%.*/1=e"+ eC#<*(u4+;#e1+,3=B2;*eC

J@<"iC*+;;*,3=e?<#):* %uu%* ;V*+;#+,u4eB,#)*+73#+8iu)*Qu CIA pqC*1Il+eB,#

Giu)*$1*7iu\ e,Fiu;& e"#<*a/,&+ %uu%*< [<&+1#+e7# ;;*e"+eF:<A):*1L1A#+B2):* />i1*+eB>#<*

Topics:: CCP, %uu%*, %uu%*<3C*B1lC;*,-%&, Giu)*$1*, 8iu)*)4e"+, ,-%&<3C*e"<*, $C*[<&+>Au,* F&>=:


>AC*, 71}% "I&<A):*2A)*, 71}%"#G@+7<*%1*+, ae1"i<C* B,.*eG#)*;u

e"#$%&
...

<iuc+ 17 September 2022

7@\ae%3+ 7@\aB1)*

">i u ) * e B1#<* , i u ) * + <i u AA Gi C * + >Au,* 8 i u ) * > = : e 7#*


:
"<]iu):*%,*e%#* AA X F<*e1#)*+%4(i,* / e"#$%&
mmmm B,.:*8I;*§ 8iu$)*S#F;_ ">iu)*%3)* "<]iu):*%,*e%#* (AA) 8I):* B1C*1#;;*%,*?<#+ C#+F.*1LB2):*
a,;*a>%* ",*;=G#+>=:XK a,;*a>%*",*_ 1?<#1&,)* ;;*%,*< a#E#7i1*+/,&+eC#<* ">iu)*a#+
,i%*(iu\1L1A#+%iu+_ B,uFu,*F#>=:7.*K

B,.*11I <uC*,;w.*+1A#+%)*73)*+1L a1A#+(u4+B,u"7.:* ">iu)*B,.*CJ*%3)* <uC*<#+[<&+1A#+ ,;w.*+


7J*e(#)*1La#+ CJ*/Fu4$C*[<&+F<*1I%* J@"XK aB>#+1.*7.:* %iu)*+8I):*B,.*CJ*1I 1e%35"7.:*
7%*1I%*>A<*B2;*XK a>A<*7.* <uC*<#+[<&+1A#+%3)* F<*C<*1A#+ 7iu$I<*7J*e(#)*1.*<iu
%#+(&+"C* ".*"3J*7.*(iue7#*F.*+ F<*e%35%3)* ">iu)*B,.*%3)* <uC*;.*;&+()*+B>)*+a#+F.*+
>Au,*<iu)*Fiu<*B>)*+B2;*7.*K

ei%*e?<+1A#+e?<#):* <uC*eZ+8LC*+ ,iu%<*F#7.:*aB,)* AA G47iu\ F<*C<*>=J1*+7#1< "i<]#§


e(+$-+1A#+a,-a$)* Fiua,*7.:*,;w.*+1A#+ 1e"#<*"Iiea#)* GiC*+>Au,*Fiu<*B>)*+F.*+B2;*XK

mmmm§ mmmm B,.:*8I;* ">iu)*%3)* %iu<*,3=1A#+ B,)*+GC*eC;V* <#F<F.*+ %J*F&2uC*+Fiu)*+1A#+ a)*


%#C<*1A#+ B2%*e%#<*7<=:7iu\ e<A#<*e%#*§ ,F<*$ e"F1*+e?<#)*+a#+F.*+ 73#+F#>3):*
,i%*,)*G#+>=:7.*K aji< AA G47iu\ "i<]#1e"#<*"Iie;"C* B2%*e%#<*B>)*+F.*+ B2;*7.*K

7i u \ B 2%* e %#<* B >)* + e?<#): * eT7>4 F @ G u , -


"i < ] # ><* > = B >)* + § eZ+8L C * + [<& + B1): * 1 A#+ ?<u4 e %3 5 "
:
7.* K B1C* 1 #;;* % ,* 7 .* B2%* e F+B2%* ( i u 7 .*

<i u aui u + ;3 = e C7.* K J>u mmmm >u 8 I ; * a %3 ) * + e1#)*


e%#§ ,F<* $ eT7%3 ) * %i u < * , 3 = 1 A#+ B,C* B 2;* F #
e7#a>- ,i % * ( i u \ 1 L a 7;* 1 A#+ %i u + F#7.* K

7iu\B2%*e%#<*B>)*+e?<#):* eT7>4F@Gu,- "i<]#><*>=B>)*+§ eZ+8LC*+[<&+B1):*1A#+ ?<u4e%35"7.*K


B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* B2%*eF+B2%*(iu7.*<iu auiu+;3=eC7.*K J>u mmmm >u8I;*a%3)*+ e1#)*e%#§ ,
F<*$eT7%3)* %iu<*,3=1A#+ B,C*B2;*F#e7#a>- ,i%*(iu\1La7;*1A#+ %iu+F#7.*K

e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ* a%3)*+1I "3#a#+Fu+4 a#+ %"3#8I):* %"3#,)* <@+7C*+73#+F#1L 1B,u"C* %#+B1;*


G#+XK e1#)*e%#eZ+<iu mm "<*§ mm "<*%>- "i<]#B,%*1I eZ+73#+$J*>3):*B,u7.*K ;;*e%3§ S@+
7&+e%#)*/1iu51A#+7iu\,)* 73#+F#>3):*1B,ue,K "3#aFiu<* a>Au,*>AG#+7.*Qu(iu"1.*K

Giu\B,)* e1#)*e%#eT7^ %iu<*,3=1A#+ B1):*%<*F#/,&+eC#<* mmmm >u8I;*§ ;<*%)*S# mm "<*eC\%3)*


">iu)*B,.*CJ*eB1#<*,iu)*+"Ii e1#)*e%#§ S@+7&+e%#)*§ "e7:e%#)*§ eB1#<*c+§ 1)*+B,#+§ eB1,u4 /1iu5CJ*
m >u"Ii ">iu)*;;*eS+Tu<]7.*;>C*+1A#+§ 13%*;F)* Tu<]7.*;>C*+1A#+a#+ <@.&eC7.:* <uF71e{
a23=5a;.*+1A#+§ a;iu+"1Qu%*7.:* a23=5a;.*+1A#+a#+ B1C*1#;;*%,*< 73#+F#>3):* %#+B1;*>=:
B,C*7.*K 7iu\B2;*"# "i<]#B,C#7.* e<A+"3#1A#+7#1< Tu<]7.*;>C*+1A#+,- Gi>iu<*1L"Ii7.*K

;;*e<#)*;& F@<J*B,C*$C*[<&+g#C (iu7.*<F.*+ 1eG#<*,4:7.*1I# m F>C\* "Ii/,&B2;*"# "i<]#


B,C#7.* ,iu_[<&+1#+F#7.*K a",*7#+e<A+"3#1A#+7#1< Tu<]7.*;>C*+1A#+1I "i<]#1A#+,-
AA %,*23=5G4 e"#<*7.*Qu J@(/,&+ B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* AA a#+ "i<]#B2%*e%#<*8iu)*"C*
a",*7#+F@Gu7#1< Tu<]7.*1A#+,-1<AC* ,i%*(iu\B2%*e%#<*eC7.*<iu e%35"XK

B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* 1.*7iu\,)* /)i1*+>A1*+e"+<1*+FI1*+7.* (iue;<#1@ W)*+%iu\;i%*%iu)*+<A 1B2;*7.*


8I):* UWSA Gi1*+>Au,*"# –$— eT77iu\,)* "i<]#§ eF#)*;#(& %)*73)*+B>)*+<iu ,i%*(iu\B2%*e%#<*>=:
7.*1I# 8I;*a>Aiu5 ?<#>=:/,&B2;*7.*K ,i%*(iu\B2%*e%#<*e"+(iu7.*<iu e%#*FIC*e"+%,*23=51A#+a#+
")*(iu)*"#%3)* B1C*1#;;*%,* ;3=;3=/1=/1=7u4+7.:* C.*+F1*+%>uB2;*/,&+ Giu7iu\,i%*(iu\1Le?<#):* a",*7#+
F@Gu,- Gi>iu<*1L1A#+a#+F.*+ euu;iu<*eF:1"Iie,K GiuF@Gue?<#):* e%#*FIC*e"+%,*23=51A#+ ",*%.*
:
8iu)*7.*Qu ?<.:*B1)*eF:"IiXK

B1C* 1 #;;* % ,* 7 .* ">i u ) * % 3 ) * 7 #1< eC"#%i u ) * +


%3 ) * ,i % * ( i u \ B 2%* e %#<* e "+<i u C.* + F1* + %>u
aB2;* %)* + %)* + 1#1# e(#)* " 3 < * e C7.* K

/)i 1 * + >A1* + e"+8I ; * § /)i 1 * + >A1* + e(3 + e83 + ,3 = Q u B1C* 1 #


;;* % ,* < (i u e Ce7#* F .* + 8i u ) * ) 4 e "+.b i 8 x ) * + 1L §
Fi u < * e FA#1L 1 "I i S = § e,A#: e B,#)* + 7.: * e,UF;& 1 "I i
S= ;;* e "+a"7# B,C#<i u ?<.: * B 1)* e C7.: *

B1C* 1 #;;* % ,* 7 .* ">i u ) * % 3 ) * ; ;* , 3 = < i u 2i % * e >U


eC7.* K

B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* ">iu)*%3)*7#1< eC"#%iu)*+%3)* ,i%*(iu\B2%*e%#<*e"+<iu C.*+F1*+%>uaB2;*


%)*+%)*+1#1# e(#)*"3<*eC7.*K /)i1*+>A1*+e"+8I;*§ /)i1*+>A1*+e"+e(3+e83+,3=Qu B1C*1#;;*%,*< (iu
eCe7#*F.*+ 8iu)*)4e"+.bi8x)*+1L§ Fiu<*eFA#1L 1"IiS=§ e,A#:eB,#)*+7.:* e,UF;&1"IiS= ;;*e"+a"7#
B,C#<iu ?<.:*B1)*eC7.:* B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* ">iu)*%3)* ;;*,3=<iu 2i%*e>UeC7.*K

a)*a#+ e7#)*+>A& "Ii/,&B2;*e7# AA a%3<* F<*C<*>=J1*+7#1< "i<]#7.*F.*+ 1"Ii1B2;*


Fiua,*>A<*B2;*7.*K Giu\B,)* AA GiC*+>Au,*1Lea#<*"Ii e<A+"3#F@GuX "i<]#Fiua,*>A<*a#+ eB2"I)*+
e,+"1.:* %#$C*F.*+"IiXK mmmm >u8I;* 8I;*FJ*,iu)*+1I;_ e1#)*e%#8I):* ,F<*$eT71A#+%3)*
%iu<*,3=1A#+ B,C*F.*B2;*,3#+F#B>)*+7.* B1C*1#;;*%,*X ,i%*(iu\B2%*e%#<*1L ")*(iu)*"C*
F1*+e?<#)*+23):*7.:* ;;*()*e"+Qu (iu"1.*K B1C*1#;;*%,*X ,i%*(iu\1L1A#+<iu 1#1#GC*GC* %u4\B,C*
7.:* ;;*()*e"+Qu(iu"1.*K
:
!

mmmm >u8I;*a%3)*+< e%35"7.:* AA %,*23=5$)*%c+ / e"#$%&

">iu)*eB1#<*,iu)*+7.* ai8€iJ§ Se†F#+eT:"I*%iu\8I):* CJ*;,*>A)*+(<*;,*eC7.*K GiueT77.* ,F<*


$X aeC#<*S<*§ <;‡,CT&B1;*XaeC#<*S<*8I):* S@+7&e%#)*§ e1#)*e%#X eB1#<*S<*B2;*
/,&+ e%#e%#)*G@G,*7.:* eT7B2;*7.*K ,F<*$aeC#<*B>1*+7.* AA ;%)* aeB>>A$)*e"#<*
>=:7.:* eT7B2;*/,&+ a>iu)*a1# eB><u,*""IiG#+XK

J>u8I;* 8I;*(C*+1I;_ e1#)*e%#eB1#<*S<* e$F#e%#)*e?<#%3)* %iu<*,3=;%)*>=:7.*<iu e%35"


7.*K 7iu\e7#*F.*+ %iu<*,3=e%#: <AJ*B,C\*1F#e7+e,K mmmm >u8I;*FJ*%3)* ">iu)*eB1#<*,iu)*+
/1iu5CJ*1A#+7#1< e%#)*,iu)*+"Ii /1iu5CJ*1A#+7iu\,- AA X ;.*+uu4+e"+§ au,*>Au,*e"+§ %"#+;&")*e"+
oя#7<*e"#<*1L [<&+G3#+B>)*+<iu QC\*%#+"C* AA 8I):* (<*73J*7@1A#+Q@_ B1C*1#;;*%,*<
21*+(&+1L;%)*"# %)*+1#1L1A#+;%)*>=:7.*K

AA <F.*+ ">iu)*/1iu51A#+e,U"Ii ;;*%,*8I):*"=1A#+ B,C*F.*21*+(&+>=:7.*K B1C*1#;;*%,*<1@ 21*+(&+1L


1A#+aB,)* ,i%*(iu\1L1A#+,-B,uFu,*F#"# AA aeC8I):* Giu,i%*(iu\1L1A#+<iu e2#<*G3<*"C* %C*B,C*"e,
"# ">iu)*B,.*%e<A#:B,C*;;*,3=7.* e1m#*F):*G#+7.*G<* e;#;3#e,Ue,-<*F#XK
:
7iu\e7#* J>u%[<i1*;;*,3=%3)* AA aeCB2):* mmmm§ mmmm <=:7iu\ ">iu)*eB1#<*,iu)*+%>uFu4+%3)* %iu<*,3=
e2#*7.*<iue%#: 1e%35"e7+e,K eB1#<*c+§ e%#)*<u%*8I):* 1)*+B,#+/1iu5CJ*1A#+%3)* %iu<*,3=%,3=;&
B2;*>=:e7#*F.*+ ;;*"IiC*B1b):*7.*<iu 1e%35"e,K J>u%e?<#:B,C* ">iu)*;;*,3=7.* ,F<*$aeC#<*
B>1*+8I):* e1#)*e%#eB1#<*B>1*+%3)* %;%; ,iu_B,)*+GC*F#7.*<iu e%35"7<=:7iu\ ;>C*+7i1*+%iu<*
,3=1A#+ ()*8q=F#7.*<iu e%35"XK AA 7.* ;;*a)*a#+F.*+ aFu4+a")*+7u4+F#7.*<iue%35"
7.*K

J>u 8 I ; * F J* , i u ) * + %e?<#: B ,C* ">i u ) * ; ;* , 3 = B,C* F .*


;%)* / ,& + eC#<* ,F<* $ 8I ) : * e1#)* e %#eB1#<* , i u ) * +

"I i B1C* 1 #;;* % ,* ; >C* + 1A#+G= < AA %i u < * > i u < *


7i 1 * + ,i u < * 7 .: * ;>C* + 1A#+aB,)* B1C* 1 #;;* % ,* <

(u % * > 3 # 7.: * ;>C* + 1A#+F.* + "I i F #"# B1C* 1 #


;;* % ,* a eC8I ) : * ;u ; u e ,-)* + ;>C* + mm e<A#* § mm
>C\ * a #+ ;3 C \ * F q % * > = : " /,& B2;* 7 .* K

J>u8I;*FJ*,iu)*+ %e?<#:B,C* ">iu)*;;*,3= B,C*F.*;%)*/,&+eC#<* ,F<*$8I):* e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+"Ii


B1C*1#;;*%,*;>C*+1A#+G=< AA %iu<*>iu<*7i1*+,iu<*7.:* ;>C*+1A#+aB,)* B1C*1#;;*%,*< (u%*>3#
7.:* ;>C*+1A#+F.*+"IiF#"# B1C*1#;;*%,*aeC8I):* ;u;ue,-)*+ ;>C*+ mm e<A#*§ mm >C\*a#+ ;3C\*Fq%*
>=:"/,& B2;*7.*K

7iu\B2;*"# %B2.*+B2.*+ ,u4e,UF#7.*1I# AA 7.* ai8€iJ§ Se†F#+eT:"I* CJ*;,*%eFm#<* AA X


aeB>>4eT7%",* G3<*e,UF#e%#:1.:* aeB>aeCB2;*XK aeB>>4eT7 B2;*G3C*+F#e"+
a%3<* AA 7.* a>A<*7u4+>A<*<iu [<iu%)*B,)*()*>=:7.*<iu e%35"XK

,G1a>A<*1I# Se†F#+eT:"I*8I):* (<*(4e"+e<#)*+ea#)* %.*e(#<*B>)*+§ Tu%iJaeC8I):*


:
ai8€iJ8I):* (<*(4e"+e<#)*+ea#)* %.*e(#<*B>)*+§ %%iJaeC8I):* eT7%3)*+"Ii 13%*;F)*1A#+
a#+ ;.*+uu47i1*+73)*+B>)*+§ C#+F.*1L%.*e(#<*B>)*+ B2;*XK CJ*;,*"Ii 8iu)*)1A#+8I
4 ):* (<*(4e"+
%.*e(#<*B>)*+aB,)* e1#)*e%#§ S@+7&+e%#)* eB1#<*S<*B>1*+%3)* 13%*;F)*a1A#+;u eCGiu)*
?<"# GiueT7%3)* aeB>>A8iu)*"C* a>A<*7u4+>A<*Fu4+7.* 8iu)*)4e"+a" ae"+,->=:7.*K

mmmm >u8I;*§ oeu%*Fa%3)*+< ;;*e<#)*;&%,*1A#+ %i%*%(i%* (u%*>3#G3<*eB,+73#+7.:* ,F<*$ 74eG#)*;>C*+ / CJ

8iu)*)4e"+a" B,)*()*1L1A#+eC#<*%3)* e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+8I):* ,F<*$aeC#<*B>1*+%3)* AA X


%iu<*,3=1A#+ e,Ue,-<*F#7.*K Giu%iu<*,3=1A#+7.* ;>C*+7i1*+%iu<*,3=1A#+ B2;*F#7.*K CJ*eB1;iu+1iu+
1L "J@7.:* %iu<*,3=1A#+B2;*F#7.*K e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+%3)* B1C*1#;;*S<*< aeB>B,uG#+7.:*
e%#)*/,iuF<*$=§ >e1#)*+(i,*§ [<i1*e>A#)*+8I):* <A&<C*+B,)*;7.:* hAlQ#<A7.:* ;>C*+1A#+<iu 1
7i1*+,iu<*8iu)*e7+e7#*F.*+ F<*"Ii%iu<*,3=1A#+7.* Giu;>C*+1A#+<iu GiC*+>Au,*B2%*e%#<*G#+8iu)*
e?<#)*+ e%35"7.*K

e%#)*/,iuF<*$=8I):* [<i1*e>A#)*+?<#+<iu B2%*e%#<*G#+8iu)*7<=:7iu\ [<i1*e>A#)*+8I):* >e1#)*+(i,*


a#+ B2%*e%#<* />i1*+eB>#<*G#+8iu)*/,&B2;*XK Giu\a%@ >e1#)*+(i,*8I):* <A&+<C*+B,)*?<#+%3)*F.*+
B2%*e%#<*G#+8iu)*/,&B2;*7.*K Giu\B,)* e1#)*e%#§ C%*B1;*8I):* [<i1*e>A#)*+?<#+%3)*F.*+ $)*
e"#<* FL,*"I#+8iu)*/,&B2;*7.*K
:
B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* eF#eF#(J* ;;*e%31I e1#)*e%#7iu\ ;;*<@1A#+ "#8I):*>A&_e,+,iu\eC7.*Qu
eB1B,)*7%)*+1A#+a" 7i"7.*K 7iu\e7#* B,.*11I 7iu\1Qu%* ">iu)*B,)*,1I %,*1A#+a#+ ,iu\7.*<iu 1
e%35",-K F<*"Ii ">iu)*aeC#<*,iu)*+%iu)*+ ;;*g#>Au,*CJ*eB1%3)* %iu)*+%,*1A#+aB,)* e%#)*<u%*8I):*
">iu)*e%#)*,iu)*+%3)* a1I%* m ;;*()*e"+8I):* <3,*<=1Lg#C>Au,*Que>U7.:* ;<> m§ eB1#<*c+§
e<A#<*e%#*CJ*eB1%3)* ;<> m aB,)* %,*1 mm a#+ a#+B2.:*G#+7.*K

"e7:e%#)*eT7%3)* %,*1 mm <iu %,*B2C\*>AG#+/,&+ S@+7&+e%#)*§ e1#)*e%#eT7%3)* ;<> mm


8I):* CJ*B>#+e;#):*"= m,mmm >C\* %,*B2C\*G#+XK ,F<*$eT7%3)* %,*1 mm a#+ %,*B2C\*
G#+7.*K a1*+§ e<A#<*e%#*§ S@+7&+e%#)*§ e%#)*<u%*§ ;;*e%3 ;7.:* %iu)*+§ T<;8I):* ;<>
g#C>Au,*1A#+"Ii aeB1#<*;>C*+1A#+§ eB1#<*c+aC&+ F)*+eˆ1e%#)*§ ,u‰#+<iC*+aC&+ <C*e;#<*
aeB1#<*;>C*+1A#+§ hAlQ#uu4+§ %,*")*+uu4+1A#+1I F<*C<*[<&+1A#+B2):* ,;*<@e,+"C* B,)*()*
G#+7.*K

Giu\B,)* eFe?<#)*+,;*<@e,+eC7.*<iu e%35"7.*K 7iu\e7#* %B,.*Fu4+a8I4\aB,#+ eFe?<#)*+1I


%iu<*>iu<*eC"e7# B1C*1#;;*%,*a2iu\ mmmm§ mmmm <=:7iu\ ">iu)*%>u%.*+%3)* %iu<*>iu<*"7<=:7iu\
eFe?<#)*+,;*<@<iu ;i%*%iu)*+<Aa7u4+B,u"C* ><*>=/,&+B2;*7.*K Giu\B,)* B1C*1#;;*%,*aeC8I):*
e"%,*a#+ a7u4+B,u"C* B,)*()*G#+e7#*F.*+ e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+%3<* C%*B1;*7.*
<AV*+eB1#)*+73#+/,&B2;*"# e"%,*a7u4+ B,u"C* 1F3J*<@e,K e1#)*e%#e%#)*,iu)*+%3)*7# e"%,*
a#+ a7u4+B,u8iu)*e,1.*K ,F<*$S<*B>1*+%3)* <;‡,CT&B1;*aC&+%3)*7# a7u4+B,u8iu)*1.:*
aeB>aeC"IiXK

F<*"Ii AA X ;;*a)*a#+8I):* %,*B2C\*>3=1La" ">iu)*%B,.*CJ*Fu4+ ,A48I4\eC"# B1C*1#;;*%,*a2iu\ ">iu)*


B,.*;;*1A<*8I# %eC"#"#1I a)*a#+aFu4+a")*+ Gu%*8u%*"C* 1F3J*<@e,K aF#+%@,)* %B,.*
Fu4+a8I4\aB,#+%3)* ;;*1A<*8I#23):*eC"7.*B2;*"# aB>#+ B,.*CJ*%iu)*+1A#+1I B1C*1#;;*%,*a#+
aFu4+a")*+8I):* Gu%*8u%*_ ">iu)*7iu\,iu\"C* 1F3J*<@e,K

B2;*8iu)*eB>"Ii7.*1I# aB>#+ eT7"Ii %iu)*+§ %,*18I):* ;<> 1A#+1I %,*")*+%")*+;& Gu%*8u%*B>)*+§


F<*uu4+%,*1A#+1I ;;*7.*1A#+Gu%*8u%*_ F<*uu4+p3C\*e,-)*+%,*>3=1A#+ 23=5;.*+_ ">iu)*;;*eB1B,)*"Ii
%,*1A#+8I):*%3=2<*_ %,*a)*a#+B2.:*B>)*+7# a1A#+(u4+ B,uFu,*8iu)*1.*Qu 1IC*+("7.*K
:
!

mmmm >u8I;*a%3)*+< e%35"7.:* AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+ / e"#$%&

7iu\Gu%*8u%*a)*a#+1A#+B2):* ;;*a)*a#+B2.:*%)*+B>)*+7.* a)*a#+ae"a%3<*a" %iu+


e7#*F.*+ eB1B,)*<3,*<=1L ><*>=/,&+ %iu<*".*>iu<*".*F.*+ 1"Iie,K Giu\B,)* e1#)*e%#eT7%3)*
a1A#+;u %,*B2C\*G#+7.*1I# CJ*B>#+e;#):*"=1A#+B2;*"# ;;*%,*8I):*8x)*+;#Fm)* %iu<*".*>iu<*".*
Ci1:*<A7.*K

Giu\B,)* F<*"Ii ">iu)*;;*1A<*8I#%3)* B1C*1#;;*%,*7.* >4;;*aeCaG#+%3)*7# "IiXK AA %,*23=51A#+


a#+ Fiu<*F4Giu+;;*()*8iu)*B>)*+ 1"Iie,K e1#)*e%#§ ,F<*$%3)* %iu<*,3=1A#+ B2;*eCe7#*F.*+ Giu
eT7>4;;*%3)*7# a#+B2.:*%iu<*>iu<*eC7.*K <AC*">iu)*eT71A#+"Ii AA %,*1A#+<iu Fiu<*F4
%iu<*>iu<* Giu+;;*()*8iu)*B>)*+ 1"Ii7.*<iu e%35"XK

Giu\B,)* ,F<*$8I):* e1#)*e%#eB1#<*B>1*+7.* F1*+,C*+(<*73J*e"+ ><*>=7.:*eC"#1A#+F.*+ "Ii


7<=:7iu\ AA %,*23=5aeC8I):* B2%*e%#<*,i%*(iu\1L1A#+<iu e<#)*+;3#B,uFu,*8iu)*"# GiueT71A#+7iu\ ;;*<@
:
aF3J*%<@ B2.:*%)*+"C* 1F3J*e,K Giu\B,)* B1C*1#;;*%,*aeC8I):* a(iu,-CJ*;,*eT7<iu
c+%.*_ a#+<uC*7u4+F#,-< ">iu)*;;*,3=7.* ">iu)*B,.*%>uFu4+7iu\ aFA)*aB1C* ,A458I473#+1.*<iu
B1C*1#;;*%,* ")*(iu)*"e,1.*K

Gi u 7 i u \ e 7# aeB>aeC1A#+ea#<* % 3 ) * a)* a #+
F.* + "I i § %i u < * " .* > i u < * " .* F .* + "I i / ,& + 8i u ) * ) 4 e "+

a",- [<i u %)* B ,)* ( )* 1 L " I i 7 .: * AA aeC8I ) : *


1A#+1?<#1& < #Fa%3 ) * + ai 8 € i J § Se† F #+eT: " I *
CJ* ; ,* % 3 ) * aeB>>4 e T7%>u >i u ) * > i u ) * 1 #1#
e,Ue,-<* F #"C* B2;* 8 i u ) * e B>1A#+eC7.* Q u

7u 4 + 7,* " e,7.* K

Giu7iu\e7# aeB>aeC1A#+ea#<*%3)* a)*a#+F.*+"Ii§ %iu<*".*>iu<*".*F.*+"Ii/,&+ 8iu)*)4e"+a",-


[<iu%)*B,)*()*1L"Ii7.:* AA aeC8I):* 1A#+1?<#1&<#Fa%3)*+ ai8€iJ§ Se†F#+eT:"I*CJ*;,*%3)*
aeB>>4eT7%>u >iu)*>iu)*1#1# e,Ue,-<*F#"C* B2;*8iu)*eB>1A#+eC7.*Qu 7u4+7,*"e,7.*K

Giu7iu\e7# aeB>>4;>C*+%>u e,UF#,-< Se†F#+eT"I*§ ai8€iJ%iu\8I):* AA X (<*(4e"+ ;%)*/,&Qu


(iu8iu)*XK aSJ*e?<#):*(iue7#* 8I;*8iu)*)4 CJ*;,*B,.*7@1A#+X ;&+,3#+e"+a"§ F@1Le"+a"
aB,C*aFIC* <@+F@+(<*(41L1A#+§ CJ*;,*B2%*e<A#*1L>)*+1A#+;7.:* Ci;wj@$B,C#1A#+<iu eB2"I)*+
"C* ai8€iJ8I):* Se†F#+eT:"I*a():*():* a;iu+"1A#+7.* %"#+$)*1Qu%*e%#)*1I 1Fq=1e"I#)*7# AA
a#+ a7ia1I%*B,u (<*(4"e%#:1.*B2;*7.*K

%uu%*§ Giu)*+%iu\< W)*+%iu\CJ*;,*"Ii %iu)*+")*+7#+F<*C<*<iu)* %,*23=51A#+a#+ a7i1I%*B,u(<*(4


7<=:7iu\ (<*(4"e%#:1.*B2;*XK Giu\7iu\e7# 7iu\e7# (<*(4e"+aeB>aeC e,Ue,-<*F#,-<
AA a#+ B1C*1#;;*%,*< "i<]#§ e(+$-+§ eF#)*;# B2%*e%#<*B>)*+7.*F.*+ Gie"#<*e%#:1.*
:
1Qu%*e,K

AA aeC8I):* CJ*;,*aeB>>4eT7%>u<iu %.*e(#<*8iu)*/,&(iu,-< AA X mmmm >u8I;* "<]i%


".*1IC*+>A<*7.* uu,*Fu4+e,UF#/,&Qu (iu"1.*K B,)*+GC*e7# 2i8Ii,*1L§ ,i%*(iu\1L1A#+7.* [<&+1#+
7.:* uuC*+<C*%u4\B,C*1L8I):* ")*(iu)*"eF:"Ii7.*1I# 7S#$<A7.:*B2;*",*Qu (iu"e,1.*K

(<iuc+7.* %iu)*+")*+7#+ae"+ eF:F#7@%c+ B2;*7.*K)

You may also like these stories::

">iu)*aeC#<*S<*B>1*+<iu S#e?<#):* AA ;;*1A<*8I#23):* %iu<*7F=

eB1#<*c+<iu ;;*e<#)*;&%,* j-+;# >4Fu,*eCQu AA ;;*c+;&+>Au,*eB,#

Se†F#+eT:"I*CJ*;,*"Ii ;;*e<#)*;&;>C*+ AA 7i1*+,iu<*

Se†F#+eT:"I*CJ*;,* eFe?<#)*+%iu<*>iu<*1L1A#+e?<#):* B1C*1#74a1%*<iu ():*e>U

;;*e<#)*;&<iu B2u%*>A"C* F@1Aiu+;u4 ;.*+Fu4+"1.*

Topics:: AA, <uC*;.*;&+()*+1L, >4;;*, ;;*e<#)*;&, Giu+;;*, B2%*eF+B2%*, Se†F#+eT:"I*, "<]iu)*:%,*


e%#*, ">iu)*B,.*CJ*, a,;*a>%*",*;=e"+, ai8€iJ

"
<i u c +
e"#$%&

e"#$%& 17 September 2022

e(#)*+,-+
:
">i u ) * a eC#<* S <* B >1* + <i u S#e?<#): * AA
;;* 1 A<* 8 I # 23 ) : * %i u < * 7 F=

e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+1I# ;;*%,*8I):* "<]iu):*%,*e%#* (AA) %iu\a?<#+ %iu<*,3=1A#+ B,C*F.*<# (<*%iu<*B2;*,3#+eC7.* / e"#$%&


;;*a#E#7i1*+1LX a<Aiu+(<*e?<#):* %8iu)*)4Fu4+ ;;*1&+QuC*+QuC*+ e%#<*eF#)*1L1A#+ B2;*eC>AiC*
%.*/)i1*1L a%C*a7):* "Ii>=:e7# ">iu)*B,.*CJ*1I# J>ua>AiC*%3)* aeC#<*S<*B>1*+ CJ*;,*eT7%
eFm#<* hu4+ e,-<*<3=741A#+§ F<*C<*[<&+§ eF#)*>A#,;*>%*741A#+B2):* eC\e"# .,- (@.4 ,3<*eF#
uiu<*FA<* "Ii7.*K

e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+ B1C*1#-Se†F#+eT:"I*CJ*;,* ,F<*$/1iu5CJ*X aeC#<*eB1#<*S<* B1C*1#-


ai8€iJ CJ*;,*%eFA#<*%3)* ;;*%,*8I):* "<]iu):*%,*e%#* (AA) %iu\a?<#+ /,&+>=:7.:* ?7eu%*F(C*+
,iu)*+1A#+1I ;%)*<# %iu<*,3=1A#+ B,C*F.*<# (<*%iu<*B2;*,3#+>=:7.*K

%iu<*,3=a%3)*+ ;;*e<#)*;&%,*1I F<*C<*[<&+1A#+ ,;*<@e,+B>)*+§ %iu<*eFJ#V*1A#+B2):* eC\e"#§


.,- hu4+[<= %iu<*>iu<*>=:/,&+ AA %,*1A#+<iu B2%*eF+B2%*hAlQ#B2):* <#+F1*+ 2uC*+Fiu)*+1A#+ B2%*
e%#<*G#+7Fiu AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+<F.*+ ;;*e<#)*;&X eG#<*,iu\F1*+e?<#)*+8I):* ;;*<@F1*+
e?<#)*+1A#+<iu B2%*e%#<*<# ;>C*+<uC*+1A#+<iu Giu+;;*()* %iu<*>iu<*>=:7.*K

;;* e <#)* ; & ; >C* + <u C * + 1A#+ <A(u 4 + B>)* +

B1C*1#-Se†F#+eT:"I*CJ*;,*§ 1iu)*%iu)* mm aC&+"Ii ;;*e"+ a>A<*aB>#<Ae7# ;;*e<#)*;&X aGiu)*


:
;>C*+<uC*+a#+ ?7eu%*F m "<*eC\ ;%)*<# AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+< 7#F3C*a)*a#+B2):* $iu)*+$C*+
,i%*(iu\%iu<*>iu<*>=:"# ?7eu%*F mm "<*eC\%3)* AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+< ;>C*+7i1*+,iu<*8iu)*>=:/,&+ ;;*
e<#)*;&%,*7#+ mm c+ e7(u+4 <# ;;*%,*S<*1I F<*C<* aeB1#<*a1A#+F.*+ (u4+uL4+>=:7.*K

mmmm ;<*%)*S# mm "<* ;;*e<#)*;&;;*;>C*+%>u 7i1*+,iu<*Fiu<*e?<#)*+ AA Gu%*B,C*G#+e7# eB1,u4

aF#+%@ ;<*%)*S#F mm "<*eC\ 1C<*,iu)*+%3)*F.*+ %,*11Il+ <iuJ*%iu)* ;>C*+Giu)*/,&+ [<&+?<,*


eCe7# e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ* [<i1*e>A#)*+ CJ*B>#+e;#):*;>C*+8I):* m 1iu)*>C\*a<3# [<i1*e>A#)*+-eu,f&e%#)*
e<A#*F1*+"Ii ;;*e<#)*;& aGiu)*;>C*+%>u<iu AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+< %iu<*>iu<*/,&+ 7i1*+,iu<*8iu)*>=:7.*K

a(iu,- [<i1*e>A#)*+-eu,f&e<A#*F1*+;>C*+7i1*+%iu<*,3=^ ;;*e<#)*;&%,*< mm c+ e7(u4+/,&+ F<*C<*


>=J1*+ aeB1#<*a1A#+8I):* ;;*7u4\,C*+ m c+ 21*+(&+"1ie?<#)*+F.*+ AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+<
;<*%)*S#F mm "<*eC\< 7%)*+Gu%*B,C*7.*K
:
B1C* 1 #-ai 8 € i J CJ* ; ,* § ,F<* $ /1i u 5CJ* % 3 ) * F .* +
;;* e <#)* ; & % ,* 8 I ) : * AA %i u \ % i u < * , 3 = B2;* , 3 # +>= : " # ;;*
e<#)* ; & % ,* < aGi u ) * ; >C* + m >u F<* F 3 % * ( u 4 + uL 4 +
>= : " /,& + e"I 5 %C* + ;>C* + %>Ai u 5<i u F .* + %,* u u , * 7 i 1 * + 1L

1A#+ "I i > = : 7 .* K

B1C*1#-ai8€iJCJ*;,*§ ,F<*$/1iu5CJ*%3)*F.*+ ;;*e<#)*;&%,*8I):* AA %iu\%iu<*,3= B2;*,3#+>=:"# ;;*


e<#)*;&%,*< aGiu)*;>C*+ m >u F<*F3%*(u4+uL4+>=:"/,&+ e"I5%C*+;>C*+%>Aiu5<iuF.*+ %,*uu,*7i1*+1L
1A#+ "Ii>=:7.*K

;;*e<#)*;& F<*F3%*(u4+uL4+>=:"7.:* ;>C*+<uC*+1A#+1I# ,F<*$/1iu5X ea#<*S<* <uF#+%C*+


B1;*<1*+eS+"Ii 8I#1%# e"I5%C*+;>C*+§ 7@eg+<uC*+ e"I5%C*+;>C*+§ 7<#e>A#)*+G="Ii e"I5%C*+;>C*+§
,F<*$/1iu5X aeC#<*eB1#<* S<*%3)*%.*"Ii7.:* aeS#)*7#+e<A+"3#aC&+"Ii e"I5%C*+;>C*+§
?<<*J#<iu)*+ e<A+"3#aC&+"Ii e"I5%C*+;>C*+%iu\ %iu\B2;*e?<#)*+ ,F<*$/1iu5CJ*a%3)*+< e"#$%&X
7%)*+")*+B1;*1A#+G41I ;u4;1*+7i"Ii"7.*K

J)*+aB,)* ,F<*$/1iu5CJ*a,iu)* eB1#<*c+/1iu5CJ*8I):*Gi;,*eCe7# eF+/1iu5e>A#)*+2A#+%3)* %.*"Ii


7.:* a)*a#+ mmm e<A#*"Ii7.:* ;;*e<#)*;& aGiu)*>C*+1I#F.*+ "i<]#F1*+e?<#)*+1A#+ B2%*
e%#<*>4"7.:*a%3<* ?7eu%*F mm "<*eC\ .eC,iu)*+%3)* %i%*%(i%* %,*uu,*7i1*+/,&+ ;>C*+1I
G3<*>3#73#+e?<#)*+ 74eG#)* e<A+"3#7#+1A#+< eB,#7.*K

;;* e <#)* ; & X >4 ; ;* h AlQ#8I ) : * eFe?<#)* + %i u < * > i u < * 1 L

">iu)*B,.*CJ*%3)*+ %e<A#:B,C*B2;*,3#+eCe7# "<]iu):*%,*e%#* (AA)7.* >4;;*eB,#<*<A#+hAlQ#1I


Giu+;;*7iu\ eB,#)*+F= <A):*7u4+<# B1C*1#-Se†F#+eT:"I* CJ*;,*"Ii ;;*e<#)*;&%,*X aGiu)*;>C*+1A#+
B2;*e7# 1iu)*%iu)* mm aC&+"Ii ;>C*+<uC*+§ e$F#e%#)* ;>C*+<uC*+§ >e1#)*+(i,*hAlQ#<uC*+8I):* [<i1*
e>A#)*+-eu,f&e<A#*F1*+"Ii %,*;>C*+1A#+<iu 7# F3C*a)*a#+B2):* $)*e"#<*%iu<*>iu<*>=:7Fiu B1C*1# “
ai8€iJCJ*;,* ,F<*$/1iu5CJ*aG<*,iu)*+%3)*%.*"Iie7# /1i%*$ ;>C*+1A#+<iuF.*+ ,i%*(iu\
:
%iu<*>iu<*>=:7.*K

aGiu)*>A hAlQ# ;>C*+<uC*+1A#+a#+ $)*e"#<*%iu<*>iu<*1Lae,U ;;*e<#)*;&< ;;*7.*a)*a#+1A#+


<iu(3=Gu%*/,&+ ;;*<@,iu\e,+8iu)*B>)*+ 1"Iie%#:S= F<*C<*[<&+1A#+ e%#<*eFm#<* ,;*<@e,+B>)*+§
eFe?<#)*+ hu4+[<= %iu<*>iu<*B>)*+B2):*7# ;>C*+<uC*+1A#+ 1<Aea#)* a7.*+a7C* >u>4%iu<*>iu<*eC
"7.:* aeB>aeC B2;*eCe?<#)*+ ;;*e"+ a<=>%*1A#+< eB,#7.*K

AA e>-)*+e(#)* G3C*+B1%*8iu)*8I):* AA %,*23=5/e"#$%&

CJ*;,*< ;>C*+<uC*+1A#+<A(u4+73#+1L8I):*,%*7<*/,&+ ea#<*eB> %,*23=5$)*%>Aiu5<1@ "=eS#*1A#+ m


FC&+,-+aGi ?<4:?<4:>4 %iu<*>iu<*>=:e7#*F.*+ ;;*<@ 1e,+8iu)*B>)*+ae,U a#+1Fiu a#+1"B2;*<#
aG<*F@[<&+1A#+<iu e$2C* B,;*%)*>=:?<7.*K

‘ )-1e7 )-;>C*+1<Ae;"’(iu7.:* e(#)*,uT*a%iu)*+ a7<*;3C\*73#+1Lae,U aeF+B,ue?<#)*+<iu


Facebook F@1L<3C*"<*e,U%3)* $1*+C.*+1L aGi1*+a1I%* aeCB2):* e"+7#+eC1L1A#+<iuF.*+ e%35
"7.*K

;;* e <#)* ; & 7 .* 1i %‚ i F # eF%,* ; >C* + 1I e C_ MI--


:
35§§ MIG--29 § JF--17 ;7.: * %i u < * e FJ#V* a1Ai u +

a;#+1A#+<i u 7 # a#+G#+/,& + hu 4 + [<= %i u < * > i u < * < #


%i u < * , 3 = B,)* + GC* 1 L a e,U 1@ % .* / ,& + %i u < * e FJ#V*
m ;& + 1I e C m ;& + aGi 7 u 4 + 7.* K

AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+X ,i%*(iu\ $iu)*+,%*Giu+;;*()*1Lae,U ;;*e<#)*;&7.* 1i%‚iF# eF%,*;>C*+1I


eC_ MI-35§ MIG-29 § JF-17 ;7.:* %iu<*eFJ#V* a1Aiu+a;#+1A#+<iu7# a#+G#+/,&+ %iu<*,3=
B,)*+GC*1Lae,U 1@%.*<# %iu<*eFJ#V* m ;&+1IeC m ;&+aGi %iu<*,3=B2;*,3#+"# CJ*;,*%eFA#<*
F#e"#<*hu4+[<= %iu<*>iu<*>=:e?<#)*+ ULA/AA X Gi,*,iu)*+ e>-)*+e(#)*%c+< e"#$%&7iu\
eB,#7.*K

;;*e<#)*;&X eFe?<#)*+%iu<*>iu<*1L%3)* Se†F#+eT:"I* CJ*Ci1i%*a%3)*+7iu\ ?7eu%*F mm "<*eC\


%3)* %[<i1* F<*C<*[<&+ <A.*(4<Ae"#<*B>)*+§ ?7eu%*F mm 8I):* ;<*%)*S#F m "<*eC\%iu\%3)*
F.*+ %iu<*eFJ#V*1A#+ <Al+e<A#*$)*e"#<*1Le?<#):* Se†F#+eT:"I*(iu)*"# B1C*1#74a1%*[<&+
a#+ Se†F#+eT:"I*8iu)*)4B>#+e"+ $C*[<&+1I m [<i1*%iu)*%iu)* ():*e>U/,&+ B,)*+B,)*+GC*GC*<C\*<3<*>=:
e?<#)*+ Se†F#+eT:"I* 7%)*+g#C1A#+< e2#*B,>=:7.*K

e1#)* e %#CJ* ; ,* < ;%)* F #e7# %e<A#: B ,C* % i u < * , 3 =

">iu)*B,.*CJ*a%3)*+ ;;*%,*8I):* AA %iu\7.* 7u4+8I;*C&+,-+ 1&+<uC*J1*+<uC* %iu<*>iu<*>=:?</,&+ mmmm >u


8I;* 8I;*FJ*,iu)*+%3)* J#J& %iu<*,3=1A#+ ",*%C\*G#+>=:7.*K Giu7iu\ %iu<*,3=741A#+ /)i1*7<*eC"#1IeC
mmmm >u8I;* e2e2#*$-"&F m "<*eC\%3)* e1#)*e%# /1iu5CJ*a%3)*+ %e<A#:B,C*%iu<*,3=1A#+ ;%)*<#
J1*+e)351A#+ 2u4+F31*+F#>=:7.*K
:
!

,F<*$eT7%3)*+"Ii AA %,*23=5$)*%>Aiu5/e"#$%&

e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ* eB1#<*,iu)*+§ 1&+%iu<*e<A+"3#X aeC#<*eB1#<* F<*,C*+e%#)*e?<#%3)* AA


%,*;>C*+"Ii"#7iu\ ;;*e<#)*;&%,*1I $)*e"#<*/,&+ <)*+71#+ m c+<iu F<*c+1L ,;*>%*%iu<*>iu<*>=:"#
1I %e<A#:B,C* ">iu)*%iu<*,3=<iu ;%)*>=:7.*Qu (iu"e,1.*K

Giu7iu\ Gie%35%iu<*,3= B2;*,3#+>=:/,&+eC#<* %iu<*,3=a%3)*+1I B,C*(u%*F#e7# S@+7&+e%#)* aeB>;iu<*


;<> (mm) F<*ea#<*>4 >1" (mmm) %,*")*+a#+ e2e2#*$-"&F m "<*eC\%3)* .eC mm C#"&
a>AiC*%3)* ,<*$C*+e>A#)*+ e<A+ "3#8I):* )C*+e>A#)*+e<A+"3#a?<#+ AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+< ?<#+B2%*
%iu<*>iu<*>=:"# >1" ( mmm )%,*")*+1I hiuF*1Il+ B1):*e(3$)*+ a,-a$)* a"#"Ii ;;*7.* m c+ e7(u4+>=:
e?<#)*+ ;;*e<#)*;&%,*1I G3<*e,UF#e7# a1iC\* B,C*%1*+ 2%*?<#+eC7.:* uu,*74 h3&T&Jiu
1I%*%1*+1A#+a" 7i"7.*K

/,&+>=:e7# я@Fiu)*F mm "<*eC\<F.*+ e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ*§ B1$%&e<A+"3#8I):*%"iC*+e<A+"3#a?<#+


CJ*B>#+e;#):* "=%,*23=5?<#+ AA ?<#+B2%* %iu<*>iu<*>=:"# "=1Il+a():* a,-a$)* mm c+ F<*"
21*+(&+>4>=:"/,&+ F<*C<*>=J1*+ 1&+e<A#<* aeB1#<*a1A#+F.*+ 7i1*+(.*+"1i>=:e?<#)*+ AA <
Gu%*B,C*>=:7.*K

?7eu%*F mm "<*eC\<F.*+ "e7:e%#)*/1iu5CJ*a%3)*+< Tu4+,iu<*e<A+"3#8I):* >AiC*>-F&e<A+"3#


a?<#+ AA 8I):* ;;*%,*%iu\ %iu<*,3=B2;*,3#+>=:7Fiu e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ*a%3)*+< e<A#<*,C*+T@e<A+"3#
aC&+8I):* Se†F#+eT:"I* CJ*;,* 1iu)*%iu)* mm aC&+%iu\%3)* %iu<*,3=B2;*,3#+>=:"# ;;*%,*< %,*")*+1Il+
a():* a,-a$)* a"#"Ii§ ;;*7.* mm c+aGi <A(u4+73#+>=:/,&+ F<*C<*>=J1*+ aeB1#<*a1A#+
:
F.*+ (u4+uL4+>=:7.*K

;;* % ,* S <* < "e7: e %#)* / 1i u 5CJ* 8 I ) : * e1#)* e %#


/1i u 5CJ* a %3 ) * + 7i u \ (<* 7 3 J * G #+7.: * a)@ e 1#*
<#+F1* + 8I ) : * e1#)* e %#eB1#<* , i u ) * + /1i u 5CJ* 1 A#+"I i

F1* + ,C* + (<* 7 3 J * e "+1A#+<i u B2%* e %#<* / ,& + AA


%,* 2 3 = 5 $)* 1 A#+<i u ,i % * ( i u \ %i u < * > i u < * > = : 7 .* K

%iu<*,3=B2;*,3#+7.:*a>AiC*%3)* ;;*%,*S<*< "e7:e%#)*/1iu5CJ*8I):* e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ*a%3)*+7iu\


(<*73J*G#+7.:* a)@e1#* <#+F1*+8I):* e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+/1iu5CJ*1A#+"Ii
F1*+,C*+(<*73J*e"+1A#+<iu B2%*e%#<*/,&+ AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+<iu ,i%*(iu\ %iu<*>iu<*>=:7.*K

%iu<*,3=1A#+ (<*%iu<* B,)*+GC*1L8I):*a%@ CJ*;,*e<A+"3#1A#+1I#F.*+ e1#)*e%#/1iu5§ S@+7&+e%#)*


/1iu5e,U7iu\ G3<* eB,+>iuF@ŠeC"7Fiu %>Aiu51I#F.*+ Se†F#+eT:"I*8I):* ai8€iJ8iu)*)4a%3)*+"Ii ">iu)*
e<A+"3#1A#+7iu\ G3<*eB,+ >iuF@Š73#+ e?<#)*+ 7i"7.*K

F<*"Iia>AiC*%3)* ;;*e<#)*;&7.* e<A#<*e%#*aeB>;iu<* ;<>( m)§ S@+7&+e%#)* aeB>;iu<*


;<> (mm)§ e%#)*<u%*aeB>;iu<* ;<>(m) F<*ea#<*>4 %,*")*+%,*23=51A#+aB,)* B,.*1
aeB>;iu<*%,*1 (mm)§ %,*1 (mm)§ %,*1 (mm)<iu ">iu)*7iu\ ,iu\e(#)*<# AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+8I):*
%iu<*>iu<*"C* [<iu+;#+FA<* "Ii7.*K
:
!

;;*%,*G41I AA 7i1*+,iu<*""Ii>=:e7# <A.*8I):* ;;*,;w.*+1A#+

;;*e<#)*;&%,*7.* ">iu)*B,.*CJ*a8I4\ ;;*<#+[<&+1A#+§ ;;*7eS†#[<&+1A#+aB,)* a",*7#+1A#+


,iu)*(iu)*7.:* <uC*%)*<#+1A#+8I):* e"J#V*1A#+<iu a7u4+B,u<# F<*C<*>=J1*+ aeB1#<*a1A#+<iu
,iu\e(#)*<# ;;*a)*a#+ B2.:*%)*+ eC7.:*a%3<* ">iu)*aeC#<*S<*B>1*+1I %iu<*,3=1A#+7.*
">iu)*B,.*CJ*"Ii aB>#+eC"#1A#+aGi,- <AJ*B,C*F# 8iu)*7.:* 7eS#"Ii7.*K

Giu7iu\ ;;*a)*a#+1A#+ aeB1#<*a1A#+ B2.:*%)*+eC7.:*a%3<* <uC*+F1*+§ e"F1*+a#+ a7u4+B,u


73#+F#eC7.:* ">iu)*B,.*7@1A#+aeCB2):* ;<*%)*S#F mm "<*eC\1I ;%)*<# ULA/AA au,*>Au,*
e"+a23=5X 8iu)*)4e"+1Il+uu4+§ au,*>Au,*e"+uu4+§ CJ*eB1uu4+1A#+%3)* [<iu%)* 7%)*+,iu\/,&+ 73#+F#?<"C*
ULA/AA < ;<*%)*S#F mm "<*eC\ .eC ,iu)*+< ae"+e,U e?<B)#>A<*%e;#)* Gu%*B,C*
G#+7.*K

<uC*+F1*+§ e"F1*+ a7u4+B,u/,&+ 73#F#eC7.:* >"&+73#+F#1Lae,U%3)*F.*+ <C\*7%* ;;*e(+1L


1A#+ B,uFu,*73#+1.*QuF.*+ (iu7.*K

e1#)* e %#8I ) : * ,F<* $ <i u AA Gi C * + >Au,* " C* [<i u +;#+eC7F#+

/,&+>=:e7# mmmm >u8I;*(C*+,iu)*+1I mmmm >u8I;*aGi ">iu)*eB1#<*,iu)*+%3)* B2;*,3#+>=:e7# %iu<*,3=<#F


:
a%3)*+ e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ*a%3)*+ Gie%35%iu<*,3=1A#+ 1"Ii7eF#<*C.*+,-+>=:7.*K

%e<A#: B ,C* % i u < * , 3 = % 3 ) * e1#)* e %#/1i u 5CJ*


aeC#<* B >1* + 8I ) : * ,F<* $ /1i u 5CJ* a eC#<* S <*
B>1* + CJ* ; ,* e T7%eFA#<* % 3 ) * AA %,* 2 3 = 5 $)*

1A#+< %i u < * , 3 = e 2#* e (#)* F #1L < F.* +


;i % * $ )* ; #+;"#e<#)* + eC7.* K

7iu\e7#*F.*+ %e<A#:B,C*%iu<*,3=%3)* e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ* aeC#<*B>1*+8I):* ,F<*$/1iu5CJ*aeC#<*


S<*B>1*+ CJ*;,*eT7%eFA#<*%3)* AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+< %iu<*,3=e2#*e(#)*F#1L<F.*+
;i%*$)*;#+;"#e<#)*+eC7.*K

;;*e"+a<=>%*1A#+< F<*"Ii %iu<*,3=B2;*,3#+eCe7# e$F#e%#)*§ 1&+%iu<*§ >e1#)*+(i,*;7.:*


eC"#1A#+%3)* J>)*%iu<*,3=<#F%uC*+< AA %,*23=5$)*1A#+ FL,*"I#+%,*;3=1L1A#+<iu 1e%35"S= %iu<*,3=
",*%C\*G#+7.:* mmmm >u8I;*eF#<*%3)* %,*;3=eC"#J@F#B>)*+e?<#):* B2;*8iu)*e?<#)*+ 7u4+7,*
7.*K

a#E#7i1*+;;*%,*7.* e1#)*e%#eB1#<*,iu)*+1I a(iu,- CJ*eB11A#+%3)* ARSA $)*e"#<*FL,*"#+1L


8I):* 1@+J;*e(+$-+ 7J*J@e"+ F1*+e?<#)*+1A#+ B2;*7.*(iu7.:* ae?<#)*+ B,>A<*B2):* AA <iu
G3<*>3#e,+"C* ?<#+>4,ue{iuF*1A#+1I%():* e%#)*+(iu .bi8iu)*+1L1A#+ "Ii>=:e7#*F.*+ eB,F.*1L 1"Ii
7.:*a%3<* 8I;*S<* ;;*B,)*()*<# %iu<*,3= ;%)*>=:?<B>)*+ B2;*7.*Qu ;;*e"+eF:F#7@1A#+<
7u4+7,*7.*K

">iu)*%e<A#:B,C*%iu<*,3=%3)* ;iu+1iu+<uC*+1A#+^ ;;*e<#)*;&%,*7.* a>iu)*a1# aGiu)*;>C*+Giu)*/,&+


Giu+;;*<eC >4;;*hAlQ#7iu\ e"#<*"Ii73#+/,&+ AA aeCB2):* >u>4;;*C.*+hAlQ#1I CJ*eB1 GiC*+>Au,*7.:*
;;*C.*+hAlQ#<iu eB,#)*+F= <A):*7u4+F#7.*K
:
Se† F #+eT: " I * 8 I ) : * ai 8 € i J 8i u ) * ) 4 S <* B >1* + CJ* ; ,*
eT71A#+%3 ) * ">i u ) * %i u ) * + ")* + 7#+e<A+"3 # 1A#+
%.* " I i eC/,& + ,F<* $ /1i u 5CJ* 8 I ) : * e1#)* e %#
/1i u 5CJ* B1C* 1 #S<* B >1* + 1I ;;* e S+e"I # )* " C*

G3 < * e B,+F#7@ 1 A#+<i u F .* + Gi u " >i u ) * e <A+"3 # 1A#+


< <@ . & , 4 : , i u + eC?<7.* K

‘<AeC#*G)*%J* ;;*e"+§ 8iu)*)4e"+ a>A<*aB>#<A%=: [%ie4eT7Fiu\e>U%=: 7u4+8iu)*)4CJ*;,*eT7<iu


AA a%3<* GiC*+>Au,*CJ*eB1%>u<iu "ea#)* %iu<*>iu<*eC%# B2;* %J*’ Qu ">iu)*;;*,3=<iu %;iu<*
1%*1%*eF:F#eC7.:* ;;*e"+a<=>%*%c+< e"#$%&7iu\ eB,#7.*K

Se†F#+eT:"I*8I):* ai8€iJ8iu)*)4S<*B>1*+ CJ*;,*eT71A#+%3)* ">iu)* %iu)*+")*+7#+e<A+"3#1A#+ %.*"Ii


eC/,&+ ,F<*$/1iu5CJ*8I):* e1#)*e%#/1iu5CJ* B1C*1#S<*B>1*+1I ;;*eS+e"I#)*"C* G3<*eB,+F#7@1A#+
<iuF.*+ Giu">iu)*e<A+"3#1A#+< <@.&,4:,iu+eC?<7.*K

7iu\a%3<* AA 7.* .&eC#)*1Q#1i%*%,*23=51A#+<=:7iu\ F3%*eB1#<*eT7%>u (7iu\1Qu%*) GiC*+>Au,*


CJ*eB1CJ*%>u ""Ii"C* B1C*1#-Se†F#+eT:"I*-ai8€iJ ;7.:* 7u4+8iu)*)4CJ*;,*eT7%>uB2;*e7# e1#)*
e%# aeC#<*S<*B>1*+8I):* e<A#<*e%#*-,F<*$/1iu5CJ*%iu\<iu (<*73J*G#+e7# <uF#+%C*B1;*
aeC#<*B>1*+%iu\%>uFu4+<iu ;;*hAlQ#>)*+<A)*+<# %iu<*,3=e2#*e(#)*eCB>)*+ B2;*8iu)*,-7.*K

You may also like these stories::

,F<*$"Ii %=1$ %,*;>C*+<iu AA $)*%iu<*

UWSA e>-)*+e(#)*a7;*1A#+8I):* AA Tu;;*c+;&+>Au,* S#e%3e(3+e83+>=:7F=


:
eB1#<*c+<iu ;;*e<#)*;&%,* j-+;# >4Fu,*eCQu AA ;;*c+;&+>Au,*eB,#

;;*e<#)*;&<iu B2u%*>A"C* F@1Aiu+;u4 ;.*+Fu4+"1.*

Topics:: AA, ;;*e<#)*;&, %iu<*,3=, ">iu)*

e"#$%&
...

e"#$%& 16 September 2022

7%)*+

J@ < "i C * + ;;* , 3 = a e,U %uu % * ";i u + "i 1 * 1 L "


uu " I # +C#+F.* Q u ,@ % )* eB,#

J@<"iC*+ ,‹i,<]8I):*,%*7<*7.:* %uu%*8iu)*)4X ";iu+"i1*1L1A#+"<iu a7ia1I%*B,ue?<#)*+ uu"I#+71}% hF#T&1# ,@%)*< %uu%*


71}% "I&<A):*2A)*<iu ?<#7,e%+eC\eB,#?<#+Fiu<*7.*K
J@<"iC*+ ,‹i,<]8I):*,%*7<*7.:* %uu%*8iu)*)4X ‘;iu+"i1*1L1A#+’<iu a7ia1I%*B,ue?<#)*+ uu"I#+
:
71}% hF#T&1# ,@%)*< %uu%*71}% "I&<A):*2A)*<iu ?<#7,e%+eC\eB,#?<#+Fiu<*/,&+ %uu%*X
‘1m%e7# ",*%.*1L’<iu eF+;#+e?<#)*+Œ e2UB,7.*K

Giue>-)*+e(#)* m c+%iu\7.* uяS<*<;w%C*%3)* <A)*+,7.:* "IC*Qiu)*+ ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*e"+a23=5


Gi,*7&+a;.*+ae$+1I 7&+B>#+a;.*+ae$+%3)* e%35(u4B>)*+B2;*7.*K Giu7iu\e%35(u4B>)*+7.* e1#*;
<iu< J@<"iC*+<iu e2e2U$-"&F%3)* <Al+e<A#*/,&+eC#<* ,G1(u4+ e%35(u4B>)*+F.*+ B2;*7.*K

"I&7.* <я%*;%C*7iu\ 73#+e"#<*/,&+eC#<* e"I+eQ#)*+ ,iu+F1*+11I /1iu5[<&+%/1iu5B2;*7.:* (#1#>C*


7iu\ huTQ@+eC\.%3)* e"#<*"Ii7.*K Giu >"&+;V*7.* mmmm >u8I;* ae;#,iu)*+%3)* <iuh;*8iu)*%)*+
aB,)*+aGC*<@+;<*/,&+eC#<*,iu)*+ "I&X ,G1(u4+ B,.*,>"&+B2;*7.*K

"I&8I):* ,@%)*e%35(u4e(3+e83B>)*+<iu a#+Fu4+< ;i%*$)*%;#+ e;#):*?<.:*eC7.*K eS:eA)*+X %uu%*


%8iu)*)4%.*+1@<iu e1#*;<iu< eG#<*>4e?<#)*+8I):* Giu)*$1*e"F<*?<#+%3)* ae1"i<C* "C*;1L<iu
(C\*<A)*e?<#)*+ ,@%)*<eB,#7.*Qu <")*1F)*CC*+e%#*X Gu%*B,C*>A<*%3)* e2UB,G#+7.*K
J@<"iC*+8I):*,%*7<*/,&+ %uu%*8iu)*)4%3)* e1+>3C*+1A#+ ,@,C*1L1A#+ "IieC7.*<iu C#+F.*e?<#)*+8I):*
e1#*;<iuX 7eS#G#+<iu "I)*+B,1.*B2;*e?<#)*+F.*+ ,@%)*eB,#7.*K

7iu\e7#* %uu%*8iu)*)4 ()*$I#7%)*+g#CX Gu%*B,C*>A<*%3)* J@<"iC*+ae?<#)*+<iu e2UB,G#+B>)*+


1"Iie,K

‘8I;*8iu)*)4 aji< a<Aiu+;&+,3#+1A#+C=\ ,%*7<*%=: B,C#e%31I# aB,C*aFIC* a>iu)*a1# eG#<*>42iu\


%uu%*< uu"I#+C=\ ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*2iu\ a7):*"Ii%J*’ Qu "I&<eB,#/,&+ <uC*73J*e"+§ ;iu<*,Aiu+e"+8I):*
(<*73J*e"+ <i;w1A#+7.* F<*e%35<A7.:* ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*8iu)*e7# CJ*,J*1A#+B2;*e?<#)*+
eG#<*B,7.*Qu (iu7.*K

uL,*eG3+eB,#)*+F= (<*;,*eCe7# <1R#7iu\ %.*/)i1*1L1A#+ G.:*73)*+e,+<# a)*a#+[<&+ 8iu)*)4


1A#+X a>C*+<a1I ,-$)*"C* %uu%*7.* uu"I#+8I):* ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*1.*B2;*e?<#)*+ "I&
eB,#7.*K

eS:eA)*+8I):* e1#*;<iu%iu\ e83+eG3+e7# (<*(4e"+ "Iie?<#)*+ ()*$I#< ,@%)*<iu <iu+<#+e"+7#+


7.*K
:
!

uu"I8I):* %uu%*?<#+"Ii hQiua#"I8iu)*)41A#+B, eB1,u4

‘<1R#1I# aeB,#)*+aF= a1A#+aB,#+B2;*eC%J*K T-e,1J:* 1eB,#)*+F=%=: a"#%>u< uu"I#+C=\


%uu%*a?<#+ >A;*?<.*1LC=\ aB,C*aFIC* Ju4?<.*1LB2;*%J*’ Qu ,@%)*eB,#7.*Qu e2UB,
G#+7.*K ’ 8I;*8iu)*)4.bi8x)*+e(#)*"3<*/,&+ <AJ*B,C\*%=: e7Ce†hAlQ# ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*1L< e%#)*
[<&+%e%#)*Fiu >iu)*1#%J*’ Qu ,@%)*< (<*F<*eB,#?<#+7.*QuF.*+ e2UB,G#+7.*K

uu"I#+< W)*+%iu\%,*1A#+<iu J@<"iC*+7iu\ 1e;Fq%*1& "<*7%|,%* aC.*+)J*aFiu%3)* 8I;*8iu)*)4


(<*(4e"+7.* a<C\*a7%* 1"Iie?<#)*+ e>-)*+e(#)*8I;*c+ eB,#7.*K uu"I#+7.* J@<"iC*+%3)*
a[<&+1#+(u4+ %C*B,C*Giu+;;*8I):* ")*(iu)*eC">AiC*%3)* Giu(<*(e
4 "+<iu ;1*+7,*1.*B2;*/,&+ ,@%)*7.*
"I&G41I eC#<*G,*eG#<*>41L1A#+ e%#)*+>48iu)*7.*(iu7.:* >C\*1IC*+>A<*1A#+F.*+ "IieC7.*K

%uu%*7.* <1R#:8iu)*)4a1A#+;u8I):*1%@S= J>ua>AiC*aGi J@<"iC*+<iu uu"I#+ <Al+e<A#*1La#+ uL%*>A


B>)*+1"IiS= ae1"i<C*8I):* a<3=a/,=<iu ,iu1iuC<*ux)*+e;7.*K Giu<Al+e<A#*;;*;%)*/,&+eC#<* %uu%*
7.* aeC#<*8iu)*)41A#+ 7,i%*e1I#<*e7#e?<#):* eZ+eFm#:e"#)*+e7# uu"I#+G41I ;31*+a)*1A#+<iu
;4>AiC*%)* %)*73)*+7.*QuF.*+ ae1"i<C* a%iu)*,)*>4Fu,*)C*+ J@e"+"I#+ au,*;uX a(iua" 7i"
7.*K
:
!

uяS<*<;w%CX e"I+eQ#)*+/1iu5 (1#>C*"Ii <A.*(C*"G#+ S@%#uu4

7iu\e7#* ,@%)*7.* "I&G41I <uC*73J*e"+8I):* ")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41LG<* ,iu1iu/,&+ 1A#+1A#+;#+;#+ "8iu)*23J* 1"Ii


e?<#)*+ J@e"+"I#+au,*;u1I 7ue%7& C&+F*e7#1%*< eB,#7.*K %uu%*?7я#[<&+G3#+F#B>)*+a#+
%#+(&+"C* ae1"i<C*X Fu,*e(#)*1L1A#+<iu GiC*+.bi"C* uu"I#+<iu %uu%*71}%< a#+G#+7.*K

‘,iu1iuC&+<,*F#%=: %uu%*-uu"I#+(<*(4e"+Q# [<&+G3#+eC%=: %uu%*-ae1"i<C* e7Ce†hAlQ#


a#+/,iu)*1LaB,)* ae1"i<C*"=5 %uu%*1@$-TC=\ T3C*%3=G#+%=: ue"#,71e{C=\,- a#+/,iu)*1Le%3<iu e13+
23#+e,+eCe;,-%J*K a=T-<,= %uu%*"=5 %iu+%<*1L aF#+aF#e%3ae,U 2ia#+,iu1iu<Ae"#<*e;,-
%J*’ Qu aG<*,- 7ue%7&eB,#?<#+/,&+ "I&7.* Giu7iu\e7# ;&+,3#+e"+uiu<*>%*1L<iu e"I#)*"I#+Fiu
1.*B2;*e?<#)*+ eG#<*B,7.*K

,@%)*8I):* 1e%35(u41&< "I&7.* uяS<* 71}% "I<*h*<<* 1#я&JiuJ<*8I):* e(3+e83+ >=:/,&+ ,@+e,-)*+
e(#)*"3<*1L %iu+>A=5"C* (u4+B2%*?<7.*K Giue(3+e83+1L8I):* ,%*7<*/,&+ uяS<* 71}%X a)*%#
C<*;#1A<*8I#< e2UB,"#%3)* e1#*e%#*J#V* Gu%*Fu,*e"+§ a;i1*+e"#)*;31*+a)*§ ;iu<*,Aiu+e"+8I):*
aeB>>4ae(#<*aau4%.*e(#<*e"+ Fu,*)C*+1A#+7.* c+;#+e,+1A#+B2;*e?<#)*+ e2UB,G#+7Fiu
%uu%*X ()*+"=831*+,-+1L%iu<*2A<*e"+ae%35a?<u4<iu eF:F#"C* a#+Gu%*1L1A#+<iuF.*+ 1&+e1#)*+
Giu+B,G#+7.*K 8I;*8iu)*)4%iu\7.* Sa#e"+8I):* C.*+,.#,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*e"+aB,)*
<uC*73J*e"+8I):* ")*+8I&+B1bu,*8I41L(iu)*"# eTUF# mm S&F&J4%C*e7# 7eS#%@.&>A<*1A#+<iuF.*+
:
F<*1I%*e"+Giu+?<7.*K

"I&7.* <я%*;%C*%3)* >"&+%eG#<*C#+/,&+ 1I uяS<*7iu\ e"#<*F#B>)*+B2;*7.*K Giu7iu\


73#+e"#<*B>)*+e?<#):* %uu%*7.* uu"I#+X eC#<*e2+%3)* ?7я#a[<&+1#+(u4+ 8iu)*)4B2;*Fiu7.:*
F<]E#aB2;* B1)*?<7.*K

e"I+eQ#)*+,iu+F1*+1e,U %.*"Iie7# uяS<*<;w%CX J@C<*;<iu a7ia1I%*B,u e"I+eQ#)*+/1iu5 (1#>C*

<я%* 71}% <<*()*eAiu1%* %iu<#J<*<iu "I&< huTQ@+eC\< eB,#?<#+Fiu<*e7# ;<#+<iu


a1Aiu+1Aiu+ 23):*(iu8iu)*e7#*F.*+ J@<"iC*+;;*,3= aeB>aeC<iu G)*Q,*eC7.*K ‘8iu)*)4%<#
aeB>aeC SJ*Fiu,=eB,#)*+F=,-e; <я%*;%C*8iu)*)4"=5 F3%*F,*e"+§ a>Au,*aB>#a#E#,iu)*(iu)*1L
C=\ CJ*eB1%.*%4:>iu)*/1=e"+<iu <#<3J*"#1I# %uu%*< B,%*B,%*7#+7#+ eG#<*>473#+1J*’ Qu "I&
eB,#e?<#)*+ %iu<#J<*X a)*%#C<* ;#1A<*8I#%3)* e2UB,G#+/,&+ <я%*;%C*X B,.*%3)*+e"+
<iu $)*e"#<*;3<*2<*1L<iuF.*+ F<*1>4e?<#)*+ eB,#7.*Qu (iu7.*K

"I&8I):* ,@%)*%iu\ a;.*+ae$+aB,)* "IC*Qiu)*+,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*e"+a23=5 Gi,*7&+e(3+e83+,3=%3)* ai8€iJ


:
$C*[<&+>Au,* C#")*T"#1iuT&§ ,-<;w%C* $C*[<&+>Au,* "I#S<* "I#";*8I):* aB>#+e>-)*+e(#)*a1A#+aB,#+
%<*e"#<*e7#e?<#):* GiuGi,*7&+e(3+e83+,3=<iuF.*+ aC&+<,*eF:F#e;#):*?<.:*?<7.*K

mmmm >u8I;*< "IC*Qiu)*+%3)* 23=5;.*+>=:e7# "IC*Qiu)*+ ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*e"+a23=5X 1@F".*"3J*>A<*


1I# hQiua#"I%3)* a;3C*+e"#<*ae%3+ae>U8I):* a?<1*+2<*1L %iu<*2A<*e"+ B2;*7.*K eC#<*,iu)*+
%3)* ;&+,3#+e"+ ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*e"+8I):* <uF71e{a,-a$)* <1R#: a23=5a;.*+1A#+8I):* ,@+e,-)*+
e(#)*"3<*e"+%iu\ %iu+>A=5Fu,*<iu)*F#7.*K 7iu\e7#* Giua23=57.* aeC#<*%iu)*+c+e(#)*7.:* ;C;*
8I):* a)*;%&<Al+"I)*+1A#+<iu ;iC*e>U1L%>uaB2;*B1)*?<7.*K

?<#7,e%+eC\%3)* a&"C*7.* "IC*Qiu)*+ ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*e"+a23=5%3)* a/1=%1*+ a23=5$)*B2;*F#


e"+ C#+F.*1L ;#>iC*Fq# F<*1I%*e"+Giu+7.*Qu a&"C* 8iu)*)4B>#+e"+$C*[<&+eB,#7.*K a&"C*7.*
aeC#<*8iu)*)41A#+8I):* 8Al<F&+J#+ 7eS#%@.&>A<* B,C*F.*a7<*73)*+e"+ e(3+e83+,3=1A#+ %u\4
(iu)*+eC/,&+ 8iu)*)4%<#%3)* aG&+<AC*1LeFm#:>A"C*8I):* ae1"i<C* ae"+J@,i%*(iu\1L1A#+<iu >48iu)*"C*
Fu,*e(#)*eC;V* Giua23=57iu\ $)*e"#<*"C* [<iu+;#+B>)*+B2;*7.*K

<iu+<#+K K Nikkei Asia X Putin concedes China has –concerns— on Ukraine in Xi meeting

You may also like these stories::

S#e?<#):* J@<"iC*+< 8iu)*1I#F=

,@%)* 8u%*G3<*"C* e%#)*+(iu1L [<&+1#+F#,-< aeB>aeC %(;*>Aiu+ eB,#)*+8iu)*

J@<"iC*+ ae"I5,iu)*+< uu"I#+%,*1A#+ (u%*eB,+

%%iJeB1#<* >A#+F*;* SJ*FiuSu")*F=

Topics:: %uu%* ;iu+"i1*1L, %uu%*71}% "I&<A):*2A)*, J@<"iC*+;;*,3=, uu"I#+71}% hF#T&1# ,@%)*, "IC*
Qiu)*+ ,@+e,-)*+e(#)*"3<*e"+a23=5 Gi,*7&+a;.*+ae$+

e"#$%&
...
:
e"#$%& 16 September 2022

7%)*+

a,;* " ,* PNLA %,* 2 3 = 5 $)* m c+a#+ ,ai u $ * +


B,.* 7 @ \ ; ;* 1 I 21* + (& + 7%* B 2%*

21*+(&+7%*B2%*B>)*+>4Fiu<*"7.:* PNLA a23=5$)* m c+aC<*1I TuhiuF* >3C*G3C*+c+ mm 8I;*8I):* "=eS#* >3C*eC#)* mm 8I;*§ "=eS#* >3C*?<J*
;)* mm 8I;* / pa-o lo ywel
%8iu)*)4Fu4+ ,;*>%*%iu<*>iu<*1L ",*;=e"+7eS#%@;#>Au,* (NCA) e"+Giu+G#+7.:* ,aiu$*+a1Aiu+7#+
F3%*eB1#<*e"+ a23=5>Au,* (PNLO/PNLA) %,*23=5$)* m c+ a#+ ;;*e<#)*;&F<*ea#<*>4 ,aiu$*+
B,.*7@\;;* (PNO/PNA) a23=5 < 21*+(&+7%*B2%*Fiu<*e?<#)*+ PNLA < 7%)*+Gu%*B,C*7.*K

PNLA 1I Tu%,*;u1Il+ >3C*G3C*+c+§ Tu%,*;i%*1Il+ >3C*"IiC*§ %,*23=5$)* >3C*7C*+e2§ >3C*?<J*;)*8I):* >3C*"=


eC#)*%iu\a#+ ;<*%)*S# mm "<*eC\ 13C*+F3=,iu)*+< ,)*eF#)*+/1iu5CJ*§ ,)*13C*+e<A+"3#au,*;u§ $-+B,u4+
e<A+"3#%3)* B,.*7@\;;* (PNA) S<*< 21*+(&+73#+/,&+eC#<* 7%* B2%*Fiu<*B>)*+B2;*7.*K

PNLA C#J< hiuF*1Il+[<&+>3C*u<r#< ‘8I;*2<*C#+F.*1LF3=%=:,u4;4e,-:§ 8I;*2<*;Fu4+1I#%#$C*"Ii,-


%J*§ T&S<*< %#$C*"Ii7@e%3<F.*+ S#%#$C*C=\e;Fq%*G#+7F=e,-:§ PNA S<*<F.*+
21*+(&+;;*e(+")* "=eS#*e%31IC*+ 7ieC%#,=§ 1Q#1i%*e%3 7%*2iu\ ae?<#)*+1I 1"IiS=§
7iu\e7#*F.*+ 7%*%=:aGi B2;*F#%J* (iu%#< T&,e"#e SJ*<F#7F=§ SJ*7@a1iC\*e,+
7F=§ T-1Aiu+e%3e%#: "I)*+"I)*+F)*+F)*+ G,*Fu,*2iu\Fiu%J*§ eC#<*eC#)* 1B2;*ea#)* C.*+C#"I#"
:
1J:* 7eS#"Ii,-%J*’ Qu eB,#7.*K

J)*+7iu\ 21*+(&+7%*B2%*1L8I):* ,%*7<*/,&+ B,)*+GC*;3# <C\*<3<*uL%*>Ae?<#)*+8I):* B,C#ae,U


/)i1*+>A1*+7.:* C.*+F1*+B2):* 7# eB2"I)*+73#+1.*B2;*e?<#)*+F.*+ PNLA < (iuG#+7.*K

;;*e<#)*;&F<*ea#<*>4 ,aiu$*+B,.*7@\;;* (PNA) 8I):* PNLA %iu\a?<#+ 8I;*2<*Gie%35(<*(4e"+


e<#*1%&%",* 23=5;.*+G#+"Ii 7.:*a%3<* J>uB2;*",*%3)*F.*+ aFJ*aF%*a():*e>-)*+e(#)*
1A#+ 8I;*2<*e%35(u4<# eB2"I)*+7):*/,&+ ?<#+>4a23=5a;.*+1A#+B2;*7.:* B,.*7@F@Gu8I):* "QC*+74Ž#
a23=5a;.*+aeCB2):* J>u<=:7iu\B2;*",* G,*141B2;*,3#+e"+8I):* a1IC*%"#+<iu e2#*Gu%* e"+%iu\<iuF.*+
%iu<*%3C*+?<"C* hiuF*1Il+[<&+>3C*u<r# <eB,#7.*K
:
J>uB2;*;V*8I):* ,%*7<*_ ,aiu$*+B,.*7@\;;*a23=5( PNO/PNA) G47iu\ e"#$%&1I (<*73J*e1+B1C*+>=:
e7#*F.*+ %uC\*B,C*eB2(iuB>)*+1"Iie7+e,K

hiuF*1Il+[<&+>3C*u<r#c+e(#)*7.:* PNLA 7.* NCA F<*1I%*e"+Giu+G#+7.:* a23=5B2;*/,&+


a#E#7i1*+;;*e>-)*+e(#)* 2i%*e>U 7.:* e(3+e83+,3=1A#+%3)*F.*+ ,-$)*%<*e"#<*Fm<*"Ii7.*K

a#E#7i1*+ ;;*%,*F<*ea#<*>4B2;*7.*: c+ea#)*>1*+G&+c+e(#)*e7# ,aiu$*+B,.*7@\;;*a23=5


(PNA)7.* ,)*+eF#)*+/1iu5CJ*a,-a$)* "I1*+B,.*e%#)*,iu)*+%3)* aG@+eT7 m aB2;*FL,*"I#+Fm<*
"Ii/,&+ ;;*%,* a#E#7i1*+/,&+eC#<* eT7>4 B,.*7@\<#<3J*e"+%,*1A#+8I):* ;;*e<#)*;&a?<#+
B2;*,3#+7.:* %iu<*,3=1A#+%3)* ;;*e<#)*;&S<*< ,-$)*%iu<*>iu<*1L1A#+8I):* eT7>41A#+a#+
;;*7)*%C*+e,+ B>)*+1A#+F.*+ B,uFu,*Fm<*"Iie?<#)*+ eT7>4a23=5a;.*+1A#+< Gu%*e2#*eB,#?<#+
G#+7.*K

PNLA %,*23=5$)* m c+a#+ 21*+(&+7%*B2%*1L8I):* ,%*7<*_ eT7>41A#+?<#+ e$2C*1L1A#+ B1):*


%<*eC/,&+ J>uFu,*",*ae,U ,aiu$*+B,.*7@\;;* (PNO/PNA) aeCB2):* %#$C*J@§ %#$C*>41L"Ii"
Fi1:*1.* B2;*e?<#)*+ ,aiu$*+a1Aiu+7#+<#<3J*e"+%,*23=5 (PNDF) 1I >3C*7&QG@+eя#*< eB,#7.*K

>3C*7&QG@+eя#*< ‘ PNO (,aiu$*+B,.*7@\;;*) a>uFiu1Aiu+ 7%*>A)*%iu)*+7%*eC%#Q# a[<i1*e,-)*+


1C.*+e%#:%=: aG=1I# >u%[<i1*e%#: [<&+1#+%=:a1I#+<iu 7@%iu\Fu,*Fiu<*%#B2;*%J*K T&<i;wC=\
,%*7<*/,&+ 8I;*2<*a23=5aeCC=\ a%%*8iu)*(u4+ .bi8x)*+?<2iu\ e1m#*F):*%J*§ PNO aeCC=\ %#$C*J@1L1
"Ii")* <AeC#*%iu\%,*23=5aeCC=\ Fu,*;"#"Ii%#e%3F.*+ 7@%iu\a%3<* 7&+7C\*Fu,*2iu\"Ii F#,-Fi1:*1J*’
:
Qu eB,#7.*K

,aiu$*+a1Aiu+7#+<#<3J*e"+%,*23=5 (PNDF) 7.* mmmm >u8I;* ;;*%,*a#E#7i1*+/,&+eC#<* ;;*


a#E#"I)*;C;* %iu<*2A<*e"+ a%3<* >u>4e%#*FIC*eC7.:* %,*23=5B2;*7.*K

Topics:: PNA, PNLA, PNO, ,aiu\$*

e"#$%&
...

e"#$%& 16 September 2022

e(#)*+,-+

$-TB2C\ * 1& T & J #<3 C * " <* G@ e G#)* 8 i u ) * 2 i u \ ;;*


e<#)* ; & [<i u +,1* + eC

;;*e<#)*;&"=5 $-TB2C\* 1&T&J#e%3§ e<A#eG#<*eC#<*>4 1&T&J#e%3C=\ ;;*e<#)*;&eG#<*>47@e%3"=5 1&T&J#e%3Q# (iu"IJ*1&T&J#


,F<*e2#)*+e%3<eC a[<i1*[<i1* B2u%*>A>4eC"/,&+ 2A<*7i1*+>4eC"%#,-
:
;;*e<#)*;&Q# ;;*a#E#7i1*+<#F m 8I;*>3=e<A#*F#%=: a>AiC*a%3)*+1I# eB1B,)*aeB>aeC a",*
",*<iu %.* /)i1*ea#)* GiC*+>Au,*2iu\ ><*>=eC%uC*+,= "IieC>AiC*1I# %2<*1I#F.*+ a3C*Fiu)*+ 1&T&J#e%3
<iuF.*+ GiC*+>Au,*2iu\ [<iu+;#+F#,-%J*K

eB1B,)* aeB>aeCe%3<iu %.*/)i1*ea#)* GiC*+>Au,*2iu\a%3<* a")*a#E#"I)*e%3"=5 Gu4+;4a%iu)*+


$-TB2C\* J8|"#+<iu a#+e<#)*+e1#)*+7C*B2;*ea#)* %.*e(#<*2iu\ ,u4;41Aiu+;u4C=\ [<iu+;#+eCe,1J:*
a>uGie%#: 1ea#)*B1)*e7+,-S@+K

uu , * B 1)* 7 4 ? <#+Fi u ) * + e%3 C = \ ,u 4 8 I i , * 1 & T & J #e%3 < i u

Gi C * + >Au,* G #+8i u ) * e ,1J: * JeC\ e >%* " = 5


a1I % * a 7#+e%3 B 2;* % = : a3 C * F i u ) * + C= \ T;* e A;* % J*

C.* + F1* + e%3 1 I # $-TB2C\ * J 8| " #+<i u Fq 1 * + 1i u + 1


G#+8i u ) * u u 4 1 < <AuL 4 + eC%J* F i u \ e %#)* (i u 8 i u ) * , -
%J* K

uu,*B1)*74?<#+Fiu)*+e%3C=\ ,u48Ii,*1&T&J#e%3<iu GiC*+>Au,*G#+8iu)*e,1J:* JeC\e>%*"=5 a1I%*a7#+


e%3B2;*%=: a3C*Fiu)*+C=\ T;*eA;*%J* C.*+F1*+e%31I# $-TB2C\*J8|"#+<iu Fq1*+1iu+ 1G#+8iu)*uu41< <AuL4+
eC%J*Fiu\e%#)* (iu8iu)*,-%J*K

;;*e<#)*;&"=5 $-TB2C\* 1&T&J#e%3§ e<A#eG#<*eC#<*>4 1&T&J#e%3C=\ ;;*e<#)*;&eG#<*>47@e%3"=5


1&T&J#e%3Q# (iu"IJ*1&T&J# ,F<*e2#)*+e%3<eC a[<i1*[<i1* B2u%*>A>4eC"/,&+ 2A<*7i1*+>4eC"
%#,-K

;;*e<#)*;&§ B,C*?<#+e"+$C*[<&+g#C< c+e(#)*e"+(3=>=:/,&+ ;;*e>-)*+e(#)*<iuJ*%iu)* %<*e"#<*


23):*FI;*>=:%=: MRTV Application (iu")* MRTV app <iu eT-)*+Fu,*(3="J@"%=: ,F<*e2#)*+e%3B2;*%=:
Apple store C=\ Google play store %iu\< T&eC\%)* eC#<*%"<*1I#%)* >A<*>A)*+ B2u%*>A,;*>=:%#
:
,-K

T&Fiu aeB>aeCe%3e?<#):* ;;*%,*Q# <iuJ*,iu)*(iu"IJ*1&T&J# <3C*"<*%>uG@eG#)*2iu\<iu [<iu+;#+


uu41<S= %"#+ $)* Gu%*e2#*eB,#F#eC,-%J*K

;;*e<#)*;& eB,#>3):*" hiuF*>Au,* eя#*1)*+G3C*+< Facebook <iu a;#+Giu+1J:* F@1L<3C*"<* 1&T&J#%


>u %.*e(#<* eC%J*Fiu\ 7%)*+;# "I)*+F)*+,3=%;*>u1I# Gu%*e2#*eB,#(iu>=:/,&+eC#<* ;;*%,*
a7iu)*+a$iu)*+<e%#: a=T-Q# Ok Par F@1L<3C*"<* B2;*%J*Fiu\ eB,#(iueC?<,-%J*K

C.*+,.# 7ue%7& %c+B2;*7.:* <iu7@"iC*(a1.*Fq=)<‘T;*eA;*%J* a#E#"I)*;C;*"=5


a1I%*a7#+ %>uaeCC=\ eB,#Fiu\"%J*K 7@%iu\>A.*+,= Fu,*%# 1Qu%*S@+K uu"I#+(iuF.*+ [<iu+;#+
%J*K %uu%*(iu")*F.*+ [<iu+;#+%J*’Fiu\ (iu,-%J*K

;;* e <#)* ; & B,C* ? <#+e"+$C* [ <& + g#C B,.* e G#)* ; u

$C* [ <& + c+e1#)* e 1#)* a u C * + < Youtube a;#+Gi u +


1J: * Mtube <i u 2C* % & + 1J* F i u \ ;<* % )* S # m "<*
eC\ < Gu % * e 2#* e B,#(i u F i u < * , -%J* K

;;*e<#)*;& B,C*?<#+e"+$C*[<&+g#C B,.*eG#)*;u$C*[<&+ c+e1#)*e1#)*auC*+< Youtube a;#+Giu+


1J:* Mtube <iu 2C*%&+1J*Fiu\ ;<*%)*S# m "<*eC\< Gu%*e2#*eB,#(iuFiu<*,-%J*K T&,F<*
e2#)*+<iu 2C*%&+"%=: ae?<#)*+")*+< 7@%iu\"=5 $-TB2C\*7%)*+e%3<iu <C\*7%*>4eC"%#e?<#):*Fiu\
F.*+ (iu,-%J*K

C.*+,.#a#+<iu+/,&+ a8iu)*<A):*eC%#e%3e?<#):*Fiu\ 7@\eB,#(iu1Lae,U1I#F.*+ B,.*7@e%3?<#+1I#


Q#7 ,A<*Fu4+ %>uFiu B2;*>=:,-%J*K ;;*e<#)*;&< 7@\"=5 $-TB2C\*J8|"#+e%3 e>A#e1352iu\a%3<* You-
Tube Fiu a7u4+B,u8iu)*1J:* Mtube Live Streaming Platform %>u<iu 2C*%&+%.*e(#<*eC%#,-K
:
‘7@%iu\ 7u4+e;>A)*%=: Application <iu,= 7u4+/,&+ 8iu)*)4a%3)*+1I# ,i%*1ieCea#)* Fu,*%=:C.*+F1*+§ a=T&
1Q#hAlQ#<iu FI1*+eC%#Fiu\ <AeC#*B1)*%J*’Fiu\ <iu7@"iC*< eB,#,-%J*K

B1C*1#8iu)*)41I# a#E#"I)*;C;*<iu B,C*F.*73%*73)*+2iu\a%3<* [<iu+,1*+eC%=: ;;*e<#)*;&Q# T;*eA;*


%J* a#E# 7i1*+1L,u4;4<iu ;%)*e2#*e(#)*F#%J*Fiu\ ,.#"I)*e%3< (iu,-%J*K

T-e,1J:* ;;*e<#)*;& ae<#)*aG.*e2#*eC%=: T;*eA;*%J* a#E#7i1*+1L 1Q#hAlQ#Q# aB>#+


8iu)*)4e%3<eC a%uJ@G#+%=: ,u4;4eQ#)*+,-,=Fiu\F.*+ eB,#?<,-%J*K

a#E#"I)* 8iu)*)4e%3Fiu\ eB,#Fiu\"%=: uu"I#+%iu\§ %uu%*%iu\Q# <iuJ*,iu)*(iu"IJ*1&T&J#e%3<iu 2C*%&+/,&+ T


;*eA;*%J*a# E#7i1*+2iu\a%3<* [<iu+;#+>=:?</,&+7#+F.*+ B2;*,-%J*K

;;*a#E#"I)*e%3Q# %uu%*"=5 We Chat C=\ uu"I#+"=5 VK %iu\<iu C1@C#J@2iu\ [<iu+;#+eC%#Fiu\ ,.#"I)*


e%3< 7u4+ 7,*?<,-%J*K

7@%iu\7u4+e;>A)*%=: Application <iu,= e,+7u4+/,&+ 7@%iu\e,+>A)*%=: $-TB2C\*7%)*+a>A<*aF<*e%3<iu


,= e,+8iu)*1J:* T;*eA;*%J* ,F<*e2#)*+e%3<iu %.*e(#<*>A)*eC%#B2;*/,&+ T-Q# a#+e<#)*+
e1#)*+7C* T;*eA;*%J* a#E#7i1*+1L a;,Aiu+e%#:1J* F<]E#e%3Fiu\F.*+ ,.#"I)*e%3< (iu,-
%J*K

T;*eA;*%J*ae"+ FL,*"I#+7.:* 8iu)*)4%<#a23=5a;.*+ %>uB2;*7.:* Access Now 1I B1C*1#B,.*


%#$C*>4 1e$/2iu+B1):*<F.*+ ‘Youtube <eC Mtube eB,#)*+1J*(iu%# Q#7[<&+Fiu B2;*%J*K T-
e,1J:* F@GuaeCC=\<e%#: e""I.*1I# T&Fiu1Aiu+Fu,*F#%#e%3"=5 7<*e"#<*1Le%3 a1A#+[<&+ ?<u4
F#";"# "Ii%J*’Fiu\ (iu,-%J*K

Digital Coup T;* e A;* % J* a#E#7i 1 * + 1L (i u % #

JeC\ e >%* 1 I # a#E#7i 1 * + 1L C = \ a %@ , -F#%= : 2i 8 I i , *


1L % 1Ai u + B2;* , -%J* K
:
Digital Coup T;*eA;*%J* a#E#7i1*+1L (iu%# JeC\e>%*1I# a#E#7i1*+1LC=\a%@,-F#%=: 2i8Ii,*1L
%1Aiu+ B2;*,-%J*K

aB,)*1I#F.*+ ;;*%,*< a1Aiu+1Aiu+ a2u42u4 B,.*7@F@Gu<iu 2i8Ii,*eC7Fiu a3C*Fiu)*+1I#eB,#(iu§ eCGiu)*§


Fu,*<iu)*eC?<1L e%3<iuF.*+ 2i8Ii,*<C\*7%* GiC*+>Au,*1Le%3Fu,*F#%#<iu (iuFiu%#F.*+ B2;*,-
%J*K

F@e%3"=5 aB,)*S$ FL,*"I#+1Le%3<iu%)* 1Qu%*S= a3C*Fiu)*+e,U< FL,*"I#+eB,#(iu1Le%3<iu,- 7@%iu\


aFiu<A ;.*+<1*+e%3C=\ B2;*ea#)* GiC*+>Au,*<C\*7%*F#%#F.*+ B2;*,-%J*K

2uC*+Fiu)*+e%3<iu ?<#+B2%*21*+J@/,&+ C#+eG#)*eC%#e%3§ %;*eJ#<*C=\%;*eJ#<* aB,C*aFIC*


message ,iu\eC%=: Q#e%3<iu e;#):*?<.:*eC%#1Aiu+e%3;%=: eC#<*eJ#)*>41Le%3<iuF.*+ Fu,*<iu)*
8iu)*2iu\ [<iu+,1*+F#%#<iuF.*+ e%35 B1)*",-%J*K

Email e%3§ SJ* website e%3?<.:*eCF=§ Facebook 1I#§ Messenger 1I#(iu SJ*7@e%3C=\
>Ai%*(<* (<*73J* eCF=§ Facebook 1I#(iuF= SJ*Fiu1Aiu+ 7@)J*>A)*+e%3C=\ >Ai%*(<*eCF=§ SJ*
ae?<#)*+ a"#e%3<iu 1me$eC?< F=§ SJ*ae?<#)*+a"#e%3<iu eG#<*>4/,&+eB,#(iueC?<F= (iu
%#e%3<iu eC#<*eJ#)*>4%#e%3 Fu,*2iu\ 7i7i 7#7# [<iu+;#+F#,-%J*K

;;*%,*<iu (C\*<A)*eB,#(iu%=: NUG § PDF e%3<iu eG#<*>4eB,#(iu7@e%3<iu e;#):*?<.:*eC/,&+ 7@%iu\


aFiu1<A")* 21*+(&+ae"+J@%#e%3<iuF.*+ e%35B1)*F#,-%J*K

a=T&Fiu ae"+J@%=:eC"#1I#F.*+ ,iu/,&+Gie"#<*2iu\a%3<* u,eTa7;*e%3e%#)* G,*14B,)*()*


B,s#C*+F#,-%J*K

;;*e<#)*;&Q# mmmm 1I# яC*C$-"&1I# <C\*7%*>A<*1Aiu+;u4,-%=: (iu)*S#Fu4B>u4e"+u,eT 1@?<1*+ G,*/,&+


Gu%*B,C*>=:,-%J*K

a= T & 1 @ ? <1* + %>u F u 4 + Q# 8i u ) * ) 4 % <#<

a7i a 1I % * B ,uG#+%= : T;* e A;* % J* a>3 ) : * a e"+


:
a#+Fu 4 + C& + ,-+<i u >Ai u +e2#<* G #+/,& + ,u e { F i <

a>3 ) : * a e"+ a<u C * F u 4 + <i u ,i % * , )* G #+7Fi u Fi u


7Fi u aB,;* e ,+ ae"+J@ 8 i u ) * % = : aGi < i u a73 ) *
eB,#)* + G#+%#F.* + B2;* , -%J* K

a=T&1@?<1*+%>uFu4+Q# 8iu)*)4%<#< a7ia1I%*B,uG#+%=: T;*eA;*%J* a>3):*ae"+ a#+Fu4+C&+,-+


<iu >Aiu+e2#<*G#+/,&+ ,ue{Fi< a>3):*ae"+ a<uC*Fu4+<iu ,i%*,)*G#+7Fiu Fiu7Fiu aB,;*e,+
ae"+J@8iu)*%=: aGi<iu a73)*eB,#)*+G#+%#F.*+ B2;*,-%J*K

T-e?<#):*F.*+ F@1L<3C*"<*1I# 7eS#G#+ 1I%*>A<*e,+")*e%#)* 21*+(&+%#1Aiu+<iu Fu,*B,eC%#


F.*+ B2;*,-%J*K

a#E#7i1*+;;*au,*;u"=5 aji< ".*"3J*>A<*Q# e%#*FIC*e"+ a"IiC*aQuC*<iu 1",*1C#+ B1b):*%)*eC


%=: F@1L<3C*"<* e%3a;#+ 7@%iu\"=5 $-TB2C\* J8|"#+e%3 G.:*G#+%=: F@1L<3C*"<*<iu %.*e(#<*
>A)*%#aB,)* F@e%3a#+Fu+4 <iu T;*eA;*%J*C.*+F1*+C=\ GiC*+>Au,*2iu\ [<iu+;#+eC%#Fiu\F.*+ ,.#"I)*
e%3< "IlB1)*,-%J*K

T-e?<#):*F.*+ eC#<*eJ#)*>4 e;#):*?<.:*%#e%3<iu <AJ*<AJ* B,C\*B,C\* Fu,*<iu)*8iu)*2iu\a%3<* 7@


%iu\ aB,.:*a$ GiC*+>Au,*G#+%=: F@1L<3C*"<*,F<*e2#)*+e%3<iu %.*e(#<*>A)*eC%J*Fiu\ (iu,-
%J*K

T-1I7# 7@%iu\"=5 a#E#7<*%1*+ "I.*FA#+2iu\a%3<* a%iu<*a>4e%3<iu B,)*+B,)*+GC*GC* 2i8Ii,*8iu)*


1I# B2;*7Fiu 7@%iu\ a#E# J8|"#+<iu >iu)*>iu)*1#1# %.*e(#<*8iu)*1J*Fiu\ J@(G#+%J*Fiu\ 7u4+7,*
?<,-%J*K

T-e?<#):*F.*+ OK Par %iu\ M Tube %iu\Fiu 7@%iu\ aB,.:*a$ GiC*+>Au,*8iu)*1J:* F@1L<3C*"<*e%3


2C*%&+2iu\ [<iu+;#+eC%#Fiu\ a1A#+B,.*7@< Ju4?<.*eC?<,-%J*K

T;*eA;*%J*a#E#7i1*+1L<iu a>u1I ;%#e%#:F.*+ 1Qu%*S= a#E#7i1*+%=: e2e2#*$-"&F m "<*


:
eC\<%.*+< ;%)*>=:%#,-Kmmmm >u8I;*§ e2e2#*$-"&F m "<*eC\1I# a#E#7i1*+%=:eC\1I# %8iu)*)4
Fu+4 a)*%#C<* B,%*e%#<*§ 2uC*+Fiu)*+e%3 B,%*e%#<*%=: a>AiC*<#F %;*>u<iu ,G1c+(u4+
?<u4e%35>=:",-%J*K

a#E#7i 1 * + >4 " 1L " = 5 ,G1c+(u 4 + F<] E #aeCC= \ T


;* e A;* % J* e F#<C= \ a(<* a 73 J * B ,%* / ,& + a

e1I # )* < 1R # G= < i u e"#<* > = : " ,-%J* K 2u C * + (<* F i u \


1"§ a)* % #C<* 7u 4 + Fi u \ 1 "%#Q# <1R # eF#<
[<& + %>u F u 4 + C= \ a(<* a73 J * B ,%* 7 3 # +>= : 7 Fi u , -
,= K

a#E#7i1*+>4"1L"=5 ,G1c+(u4+ F<]E#aeCC=\ T;*eA;*%J*eF#<C=\ a(<*a73J*B,%*/,&+ a


e1I#)*<1R#G=<iu e"#<*>=:",-%J*K 2uC*+(<*Fiu\ 1"§ a)*%#C<* 7u4+Fiu\1"%#Q# <1R#eF#<[<&+
%>uFu4+C=\ a(<* a73J*B,%*73#+>=:7Fiu,-,=K

a)*%#C<*e%3 B,C*F.*23):*FI;*/,&+ 7i,*1?<#>)*1I# B1C*1#8iu)*)41I# F@7u4+a1A#+(u4+ F@1L<3C*"<*%>u


B2;*%=: Facebook a,-a$)* (iu"IJ*1&T&J#a>Aiu5<iu ;/,&+ ,i%*,)*Fiu<*,-%J*K

;;*%,*< a#E#7i1*+/,&+ 8I;*"<*a?<#<%.*+< B1C*1#8iu)*)41I# F@7u4+a1A#+(u4+F@1L <3C*"<*


e%3 B2;*%=: Face book C=\ WhatsApp <iu ;%)*,i%*,)*>=:%J*K a=T&eC#<* %3;*%#8I):* Instagram
%iu\<iu,- ,i%*,)*2iu\ 1iuSiu)*+F* ea#*,e"%#e%3<iu pqC*?<#+>A<* Gu%*>=:B,C*,-%J*K

T-Q# a#E#7i1*+1LC=\ a%@ T3C*%3=,-F#%=: T;*eA;*%J* a#E#7i1*+1L,u4;4,-,=K a#E#7i1*+;;*%,*


Q# 7@%iu\<iu e%#*FIC*7@e%3< F@1L<3C*"<*e%3<eC 7%)*+;<#+e%3 7J*e(#)*B2C\*B2l+eC%#
<iu 1[<iu<*,-S@+K
:
T-e?<#):*F.*+ (<*73J*e"+ <u1fE&e%3<iu 2ia#+e,+/,&+ B1C*1#8iu)*)41I# F@7ia1A#+(u4+ (iu"IJ*1&T&
J#e%3 aG@+7B2):* Facebook <iu 7u4+;3=1"ea#)* Fu,*>iu)*+>=:%#e?<#):* T&<eC\ aGi VPN e%3 >4
/,&+ 7u4+;3=eC>=:",-%J*K

T-e,1J:*F.*+ Fu4+$,i%*,)*Fiu\ 1"%=: aeB>aeC1I# 7@%iu\"=5 $-TB2C\*J8|"#+e%3a%3<*<iu Face-


book C=\ Youtube e%3<iu 7u4+/,&+ Fu,*<iu)*F#B,C*,-%J*K T-e,1J:* ,i%*,)*G#+%#<iu B,C*23):*e,+
%#1Aiu+ 1Qu%*S= VPN e%3C=\ e8I+e8I+ e<3+e<3+ 7u4+"%#,-K

;;*e<#)*;&"=5 $-TB2C\* J8|"#+e%3<iu e%#*FIC*e"+a)*a#+;ue%3<F.*+ F@Gua#+<iu a7u4+>A/,&+


F@1L<3C*"<*e%3 <eC 2J*Gu%*>=:?<B,C*%J*K

F<*%eF#1I# 7@%iu\Q# Viber, Telegram ;%=: aB>#+ F@1L<3C*J<*,F<*e2#)*+e%3<iu au,*;u


Fiu<* e"q5eB,#)*+/,&+ $-TB2C\*e,1J:*F.*+ 7@%iu\Fiu>A)*%=:a%iu)*+a%#aGi 1e"#<*S@+Fiu\ eF:F#7@
e%3< (iu,-%J*K

$-TB2C\ * J8| " #+e%3 Youtube 1I # e"# Facebook


1I # e"# a[<i 1 * [ <i 1 * 2 J* " I # +>4 " /,& + %= : eC#<* 1 I # ;;*
e<#)* ; & Q # <i u J * , i u ) * (i u " I J * 1 & T & J #2C* % & + 2i u \ < i u ,i u

/,& + a#+7C* F #%#F.* + e%3 5 B1)* " ,-%J* K

T-e?<#):*F.*+ 7@%iu\"=5 $-TB2C\* J8|"#+e%3 Youtube 1I# e"# Facebook 1I#e"# a[<i1*[<i1*
2J*"I#+>4"/,&+%=: eC#<*1I# ;;*e<#)*;&Q# <iuJ*,iu)* (iu"IJ*1&T&J#2C*%&+2iu\<iu ,iu/,&+a#+7C*F#%#
F.*+ e%35B1)*",-%J*K

a#E#17i1*+>)*<%.*+<e%#)* a=T&a%3<* [<iu%)*B,)*()*G#+QC* "Ii,-%J*K


;;*%,*< e<A#eG#<*eC#<*>4e,+G#+%=: B1C*1#B,.*Gu%* F@1L<3C*"<*%>u< mmmm <%.*+<
a()*7):* B2;*eC,-%J*K
:
B1C*1#F@)J*e%3 %&G3)*G#+%=: F@1L<3C*"<*Fiu\ aG,*G,*a>->- Promotion Fu,*G#+>=:%=: OK Par
Social Net work <iu mmmm >u8I;*§ ;<*%)*S#<%.*+< 1i%*(<*>=:%#,-K

a=T& OK Par Social Network "=5 1i%*(<*,3=<iu ;;*%,*< GiC*+>Au,*G#+%=: B,.*G=e"+$C*[<&+g#C


F<*ea#<*>4 Cyber Police < "=1Il+[<&+p3C\*e$(iu7@ %<*e"#<*>=:/,&+ Application C=\ ,%*7<*
%#e%3<iu 7@<iuJ*%iu)* "I)*+F)*+B, %#e%3 "Ii>=:,-%J*K

a>u(iu")*F.*+ T& Application <iu,= ;;*%,*eF#*S& ae<#):*e%3<eC /1iu)*/1iu)*(iu)*(iu)*C=\ 1i%*(<*


/,&+ %3C*+a#+ e,+eC%#<iu e%35",-%J*K aG@+7B2):* ;;*%,*"=5 ae<#):*%ue%3<eC T&<#F1I# ,iu
/,&+e%#: %3C*+%3C*+ %iu<*%iu<* B2C\*e$F#%#F.*+ B1)*e%35",-%J*K

;;*e<#)*;&< OK Par <iu,= a7u4+B,u1F#+§ a7;*G,*14e"+(3=c+1F#+(iu%#e%#: 1e7>A#e7+,-


S@+K a=T&Fiu,= ea#)*B1)*%=: (iu"IJ*1&T&J# %>uB2;*ea#)* Fu,*8iu)*;31*+ "Ii1F#+(iu%#F.*+ 1e""#
e7+,-S@+K

<iu7@"iC*<e%#:‘7@%iu\1I#e%#: Internal Capacity "IiFi1:*1J*K T& Social Media e%3<iu Develop


Fu,*2iu\a%3<* Direct Assistant 1e,+")*e%#)* 7@%iu\"=5"IieC/,&+7#+B2;*%=: %uu%*C=\uu"I#+"=5 C.*+,.#
e%3<iu,= C1@C#J@ a7u4+>AFi1:*1J*’Fiu\ 1I%*>A<*B,u,-%J*K

T-e,1J:*F.*+ Facebook C=\ Youtube %iu\Fiu 7C*+C=\>A&%=: a7u4+B,u7@e%3"IiF#%=: Application e%3


B2;*2iu\(iu%#<e%#: SJ*FiuB2;*B2;* ><*>=%J*Fiu\ 7@<(iu,-%J*K

C.* + ,.#a" T& Application e%3 Fu , * 2 i u \ ( i u % #Q#

1><* > = e ,1J: * F .* + 7C* + C= \ > A& % = : a7u 4 + B,u7@ e %3 " = 5


Data e%3 < i u Gi C * + 7i 1 * + 2i u \ 7C* + C= \ > A& / ,& +
,F<* e 2#)* + e,U1I # a7u 4 + B,u>Ai C * 1 I # aG;* a e)-: 1
"I i e>A#e13 5 2i u \ ( i u % # 1F3 J * < @ S @ + Fi u \ ,.#"I ) * e %3
:
<e%#: e<#<* > A<* > AG#+,-%J* K

C.*+,.#a" T& Application e%3 Fu,*2iu\(iu%#Q# 1><*>=e,1J:*F.*+ 7C*+C=\>A&%=: a7u4+B,u7@e%3


"=5 Data e%3<iu GiC*+7i1*+2iu\ 7C*+C=\>A&/,&+ ,F<*e2#)*+e,U1I# a7u4+B,u>AiC*1I# aG;*ae)-:1"Ii e>A#e135
2iu\(iu%# 1F3J*<@S@+Fiu\ ,.#"I)*e%3<e%#: e<#<*>A<*>AG#+,-%J*K

T-e,1J:*F.*+ Fu+4 $ 1B2;*8iu)*%#F.*+ 1Qu%*%=:aB,)* 8iu)*)4%<#1I#F.*+ T&FiuB2;*",*e%3


aeB1#<*aB1#+"Ii>=:,- %J*K

T&FiuFu,*e(#)*%#<iu Splinternet Fiu\ 8iu)*)4%<#1I# 7%*1I%*G#+%J*Fiu\ aiu)*%&,.#"I)* %c+<


F.*+ (iu,- %J*K

‘Splinternet Fu,*2iu\a%3<* [<iu+;#+eC%#K <1R#[<&+ %>uFu4+ Fq1*+B>u4G#+%=: a)*%#C<*[<&+e,U


<eC F@e%3 a<uC*Fu4+<iu 7@%iu\7u4+e;>A)*e7# T& Application e%3<iu,= 7u4+/,&+e%#: 8iu)*)4a%3)*+1I#
,= ,i%*1ieCea#)*Fu,*%=: C.*+F1*+’Fiu\ 7@< "I)*+B,,-%J*K

Cyber-balkanization (iu<*S#eS#F*<C*eя+"I)*+ 7iu\1Qu%* internet balkanization a)*%#C<*


eS#*F*<C* eя+"I)*+ Fiu\F.*+ 7%*1I%*?<,-%J*K

%uu%*a;iu+"Q# 8iu)*)4e"+ae?<#)*+B,>A<*e%3C=\ 8iu)*)4B,)*, (iu"IJ*1&T&J#e%3<iu 8iu)*)47#+e%3


a7u4+1B,u8iu)*2iu\ Great Firewall <iu %.*e(#<*>=:7Fiu uu"I#+<F.*+ B,)*, aeB>>4 a)*%#C<*<iu
<C\*7%*8iu)*2iu\a%3<* aB,.:*a$ 7<*e"#<*1L"Ii%=: a)*%#C<*u,eT<iu B,s#C*+>=:,-%J*K

ae1"i<C*C=\ o;e?%+FA%iu\ a,-a$)* 8iu)*)4a>Aiu5<F.*+ T& Splinternet 7eS#%"#+<iu a7u4+B,u


/,&+ <eF+.;*.1*+ uu,*,u4e%3C=\ F<*C<*(iu)*"# pqC*?<#+>A<*e%3<iu ,i%*,)*2iu\ Firewall e%3 2C*%&+
>=:2@+,-%J*K

T-e?<#):*F.*+ T&C.*+hAlQ#C=\ C.*+;C;*e%3Q# C1@C#J@;"#§ 1I&B)1*+;"# aFu4aeF#<* "Ii/,&+7#+


hAlQ# aeQ#)*+e%3F.*+ B2;*,-%J*K

%<J*Fiu\7# T&a;&a;V*ea#)*B1)*F#>=:")* B,.*7@F@GuaeCC=\ T;*eA;*%J*C.*+F1*+C=\ "8iu)*71m


:
a>3):*ae"+e%3 a<uC* (u4+uL4+73#+8iu)*",-%J*K

‘aG@ + 7B2): * B,.* 7 @ F @ G u e %3 a eCC= \ B,)* , C= \


a(<* a 73 J * B ,%* e %#<* 7 3 # +8i u ) * / ,& + %uu % * B ,.*
1I # Fi u , = Firewall >4 / ,& + e%#: <A1%i u \ < B,.* % 3 ) * + <

7u 4 + %= : App e%3 C = \ B,.* % 3 ) * + < a>A)* + >A)* + ,= (<*


73 J * F i u \ "%#1Ai u +e%3 <A1%i u \ e%3 5 F#"8i u ) * % = :
aeCaG#+e%3 "I i % J* ’

1e$/2iu+B1):*<‘aG@+7B2):* B,.*7@F@Gue%3aeCC=\ B,)*,C=\ a(<*a73J*B,%*e%#<*73#+8iu)*/,&+


%uu%*B,.*1I#Fiu,= Firewall >4/,&+e%#: <A1%iu\< B,.*%3)*+<7u4+%=: App e%3C=\ B,.*%3)*+<
a>A)*+>A)*+,= (<*73J*Fiu\ "%# 1Aiu+e%3 <A1%iu\ e%35F#"8iu)*%=: aeCaG#+e%3 "Ii%J*’Fiu\ (iu,-
%J*K

7@%iu\"=5 F@1L<3C*"<* ,F<*e2#)*+e%3<iu T;*eA;*%J*C.*+F1*+C=\ %iu<*>iu<*%#e%3§ a>uFiu,= F@1L


;48LC*+ ;.*+1AV*+e%3 a7u4+>A/,&+ B2u%*>A2iu\ [<iu+,1*+%#e%3C=\ B,uFu,*8iu)*e7+e,1J:* 1Fu4eF#<*S@+Fiu\
,.#"I)*e%3< (iu,-%J*K

;;*e<#)*;&Q# <iuJ*,iu)* F@1L<3C*"<*e%3 2C*%&+1J*(iu%#Q# %<J*%1*+1I# Q#7Fu,*eC%#


1Qu%*S= u,eTe%3§ C.*+,.#e%3 aS<*S<*<eC B,)*()*eC%# B2;*%#e?<#):* F@Gu<iuJ*%iu)*
< T&,F<* e2#)*+e%3<iu SJ*Fiu ae?<#)*+B,>A<*C=\1I 17u4+;3=1i2iu\ Fiu%J*Fiu\ ,.#"I)*e%3< (iu,-
%J*K

;;*%,*Gu%*<uC*e%3§ ;;*%,*C=\ (<*;,*%=: ;&+,3#+e"+e%3§ ;;*%,*<iu eG#<*>47@e%3§ ;;*%,*


Fu,*e(#)*1L<iu <C\*<3<*uL4>A2iu\ ,A<*<3<*eC7@e%3"=5 ;&+,3#+e"+e%3<iue%#)* B,.*7@F@Gu< F<*1
>4%=: aeB>aeC "IieC%#e?<#):* T&,F<*e2#)*+e%3<iu F@Gu< F<*>41I#1Qu%*S@+Fiu\ 1e$/2iu+B1):*
:
< J@(,-%J*K

‘;;*%,*< 2C*%&+F#%=: ,F<*e2#)*+e%3B2;*%J*K ;;*%,*C.*+,.#C=\ ;;*%,*au,*>Au,*1LC=\ G3<*


F#%=: ,F<* e2#)*+<iue%#: F@Gu< F<*>4;"# 1"IiS@+Fiu\ <A1B1)*%J*’Fiu\ 7@< eB,#,-%J*K

7iu\e7#*F.*+ a#E#<iu F<*<iu)*G#+G#+7Fiu F@a)*a#+C=\§ e)3e?<+a")*+a8I&+a"F.*+


aFu4aeF#<*"Ii eC%=: ;;*e<#)*;&Q# T&2C*%&+1L<iu a[<i1*e,-)*+1A#+;3# G,*<#G,*<# B,uFu,*8iu)*
;31*+ "IieC%=:aB,)* 7@%iu\<iu C.*+,.#a"§ u,eTa" GiC*+>Au,*2iu\ 1B2;*Search … *Fiu\ C.*+,.#
8iu)*%#e?<#):
7ue%7& <iu7@"iC*< (iu,-%J*K
Search
a=T-e?<#):* F@e%3< 7@%iu\2C*%&+%=: F@1L<3C*"<*e%3<iu F<*>4/,&+ a7u4+1B,u2iu\< ae"+a[<&+(u4+
Fiu\ 7@< (iu,-%J*K

‘T-<iu F<*>4/,&+7u4+Fiu<*/,&(iu")* aFu,*B2;*73#+%#e,-:K 7#1C*<# Fm4<#e%#)* a7u4+1B,u1ie;#


C=\’ Fiu\ 7@< ae7a>A#<iu 7%ie,+,-%J*K

You may also like these stories::

;;*e<#)*;& GiC*+>Au,*2iu\ [<iu+;#+eC%=: IMEI

VPN <iu B2u%*;"#1Fiu,-S@+

a@"&T@+B1C*1# ,iu)*"I)*a7;*X eC#<*<3J*1I F<*1A#+

%iu)*+B,.*,A<*F.*+ ;;*e>-)*+e(#)*1i7#+;u ;&+,3#+e"+>A=5G3)*eC

%C*+;&%iu+;#+"%=: 71$-J1e>%* B,C*F#/,&

Topics:: Facebook, YouTube, ;;*e<#)*;&, F@1L<3C*"<*, $-TB2C\* 1&T&J#

e"#$%&
...
:
:

You might also like