NAME: ALMOSARA, AERON L.

SECTION: BSCPE 3A

ANDROID 10 OS MacOS Big Sur

Source Open source Closed, with open source
model components.
OS family Android Macintosh ; Unix ; Darwin
Initial release September 3, 2019 November 12, 2020
Customizabili Everything is changeable Few are available but limited
ty
Developer Google, Open Handset Alliance Apple Inc.
Widgets Yes, except on lockscreen No, except in Notification Center
Available 125 Languages 37 Languages
language(s)
File transfer Easier than iOS. Using USB port and Android More difficult. Media files can be
File Transfer desktop app. Photos can be transferred using iTunes desktop
transferred via USB without apps. app. Photos can be transferred out
via USB without apps.
Available on Many phones and tablets. Major manufacturers MacBook, MacBook Air, MacBook
such as Samsung, Oppo, OnePlus, Vivo, Honor Pro, iMac, iMac Pro, Mac mini and
and Xiaomi. Mac Pro.
Calls and Google Messages. 3rd party apps like Facebook FaceTime, iMessage (with other
messaging Messenger, WhatsApp, Google Duo, Discord Apple devices only). Both Android
and Skype all work on Android and iOS both. and iOS are supported by third-
party apps like Google Hangouts,
Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp,
Google Duo, Discord, and Skype.
Internet Google Chrome (other browsers are available). Safari
browsing Any browser app can be set as default.
App store , Google Play Store – 1,000,000+ apps. Able to Apple App Store – 1,000,000+ apps.
Affordability download APK applications on the browser
and interface
Video chat Google Duo, Messenger, Google Meet etc, FaceTime ( and other third party
apps)
Voice Google Assistant Siri
commands
Working Current Current
state
Maps Google Maps Apple Maps and Google Maps
Latest stable Android 9 (August 5, 2019) iOS 12.4 (July 22, 2019)
release and
Updates
 ANDROID 10 OS MacOS Big Sur

Alternative Several alternative app stores other than the macOS Big Sur 11.2 beta 2 that
app stores official Google Play Store. APKMirror, Blokada, allowed Apple apps to bypass
and side Bromite, Cerberus, F-Droid. third-party firewalls.
loading
Battery life Many Android phone manufacturers equip From delivering around 7 hours of
and their devices with large batteries with a longer battery life consistently, the
management life. notebook would run out of steam
within 2 to 3 hours. So, having just
fixed the macOS Big Sur battery
draining issue, I would like to share
some of the viable tips to sort out
the problem and improve the
macOS Big Sur Battery life.
Open source Kernel, UI, and some standard apps The iOS kernel is not open source
but is based on the open-source
Darwin OS.
File manager Yes. (Stock Android File Manager included on Files app, limited and less useful
devices running Android 7.1.1) (iOS 12).
 ANDROID 10 OS
Photos & There are apps for automatic photo and video
Videos backup. Unlimited photo backup is possible
backup with Google Photos. Other options include
Dropbox, OneDrive, and Amazon Photos.
Security Android 10 adds support for the Wi-Fi
Protected Access 3 (WPA3) and Wi-Fi Enhanced
Open security standards to provide better
privacy and robustness against known attacks.
Rooting, Access and complete control over your device is
bootloaders, available and you can unlock the bootloader.
and
jailbreaking
Cloud Amazon $1.99 per month price gives you
services 100GB, the $6.99 per month price gives you
1TB, and the $11.99 per month price gives you
2TB.. Dropbox, Price: Free / $9.99-$16.99 per
month You now get 2TB, Google Drive 200GB
($2.99 per month), and 2TB ($9.99 per month)
Interface Touch Screen
First version Android 1.0, Alpha
2 14 points
MacOS Big Sur
With iCloud, up to 5 GB of pictures
and videos can be automatically
backed up. For both iOS and
Android, all other suppliers,
including Google, Amazon,
Dropbox, Flickr, and Microsoft,
have auto-backup apps.
macOS Big Sur provides a Sealed
System Volume that raises the
protection of key system files
beyond the reach of all current
malware and should withstand the
most determined attacker from
altering them after the OS has
booted. It also guards against
inadvertent corruption and
guarantees system integrity
Complete control over your device
is not available.
Native integration with iCloud. 5GB
free, 50GB for $1/mo, 200GB for
$3/mo, 1TB for $10/mo. Apps
available for Google Drive and
Google Photos, Amazon Photos,
OneDrive and Dropbox.
Mac touchscreen.
macOS Big Sur 11.2 beta 2

a. Operating System do?

ANDROID 10
Android OS is an operating system that was developed by Google for use on mobile devices. This
means that it was designed for systems with little memory and a processor that isn't as fast as
desktop processors. While keeping the limitations in mind, Google's vision for Android is that it
would have a robust set of programming APIs and a very responsive UI. In order to facilitate this
vision, they created an abstraction layer, which allows application developers to be hardware
agnostic in their design
MacOS Big Sur
macOS Big Sur elevates the world's most advanced desktop operating system to a new level of
power and beauty. Experience Mac to the fullest with a refined new design. Enjoy the biggest
Safari update ever. Discover new features for Maps and Messages. And get even more
transparency around your privacy.
b. Operating System structure?

ANDROID 10

MacOS Big Sur

c. Operating System operations?

ANDROID 10

Android is a Linux-based operating system it is designed primarily for touch screens

mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. The operating system has
developed a lot in the last 15 years starting from black and white phones to recent
smartphones or mini computers. One of the most widely used mobile OS these days is
android. The android is software that was founded in Palo Alto of California in 2003.

MacOS Big Sur

The Macintosh Operating System (Mac OS) is an operating system (OS) designed by
Apple Inc. to be installed and operated on the Apple Macintosh series of computers.
Introduced in 1984, it is a graphical user interface (GUI) based OS that has since been
released as multiple different versions. Initially, Mac OS was known as System Software.

d. Process Management
ANDROID 10
MacOS Big Sur

The Process Manager schedules the processing of all applications and desk
accessories. It
allows multiple applications to share CPU time and other resources. Applications share
the available memory and access to the CPU. Several applications can be open (loaded
into memory) at once, but only one uses the CPU at any one time.
CHAPTER 2
Process Manager
2-4 Using the Process Manager
Note
For a complete description of how the Process Manager schedules
applications and desk accessories for execution, see the chapter
“Introduction to Processes and Tasks” in this book. ◆
The Process Manager also provides a number of routines that allow you to control the
execution of processes and to get information about processes, including your own. You
can use the Process Manager routines to
■ control the execution of your application
■ get information about processes
■ launch other applications
■ launch desk accessories
The Process Manager assigns a process serial number to each open application (or desk
accessory, if it is not opened in the context of an application). The process serial
number
is unique to each process on the local computer and is valid for a single boot of the
computer. You can use the process serial number to specify a particular process for
most
Process Manager routines

e. Memory Management
ANDROID
The Android Runtime (ART) and Dalvik virtual machine use paging and memory-mapping
(mmapping) to manage memory. This means that any memory an app modifies—whether
by allocating new objects or touching mmapped pages—remains resident in RAM and
cannot be paged out.

A. Garbage collection
A managed memory environment, like the ART or Dalvik virtual machine, keeps track of
each memory allocation. Once it determines that a piece of memory is no longer being
used by the program, it frees it back to the heap, without any intervention from the
programmer.

B. Share memory
In order to fit everything it needs in RAM, Android tries to share RAM pages across
processes. It can do so in the following ways:

Each app process is forked from an existing process called Zygote. The Zygote process
starts when the system boots and loads common framework code and resources (such
as activity themes).

C. Allocate and reclaim app memory

The Dalvik heap is constrained to a single virtual memory range for each app process.
This defines the logical heap size, which can grow as it needs to but only up to a limit that
the system defines for each app.

MacOS Big Sur

Since macOS accounts for a sizable chunk of your Mac's hard drive or SSD, knowing its
storage requirements gives you a clearer picture of the space you must have at hand
during and after installation. The information also lets you plan ahead when buying a new
Mac and helps you determine if you can manage with a 128-256GB baseline model or
need a larger capacity drive. So, whether you're contemplating an upgrade to the newest
version of macOS or want to know how much disk space the operating system uses so
you can make your purchase accordingly, here's a breakdown of macOS storage
requirements by version:

 macOS Monterey
 macOS Big Sur
 Older macOS versions

f.

ANDROID 10
Getting reliable security updates is critical for enterprises, who want the latest protections
for their devices. Android 10 introduced Google Play system updates, building on the work
of Project Mainline, which focused on a simpler and faster method to deliver updates to
the Android ecosystem. Many essential components like media codecs, time zone data,
DNS resolver, and Conscrypt are now modularized, enabling them to be updated through
Google Play.

Google Play system updates can be delivered more directly and uniformly across the
ecosystem, as vulnerabilities can be patched from Google Play without a full operating
system update.

Our security efforts are regularly evolving to better meet ecosystem needs. For example,
the 2015 Stagefright vulnerability accelerated patching security vulnerabilities across
different device makers with our monthly security updates program. This has led to
substantial progress in ecosystem security. Google Play system updates create a
stronger framework for quickly and comprehensively addressing future vulnerabilities. We
can accelerate the delivery of a patch and make the update available through Google Play,
giving greater consistency to the whole ecosystem.

MacOS Big Sur

Signed system volume
macOS Big Sur introduces a cryptographically signed system volume that ensures
protection against malicious tampering. This also allows to start software updates in the
background, as the Mac knows the exact layout of the system volume.

Self-reported privacy practices

An important privacy-oriented feature on macOS Big Sur is the addition of increased
transparency and control over the user’s privacy information. Apple is asking developers
to self-report their app privacy practices on the App Store, thus informing users about the
permissions requested by various apps.
Privacy information on the App Store
A new section on each app’s page on the App Store will be added to help users
understand the privacy practices of the app before they download it. Users will be able to
see what types of data the app might collect (e.g. contact information, location) and
whether that data is shared with third parties. Similar to nutrition labels, an app’s privacy
information on the App Store will be displayed in a consistent, simple format and let the
user quickly and easily understand the app’s privacy practices.

g. Other features

ANDROID 10
A. Foldables
Building on robust multi-window support, Android 10 extends multitasking across app
windows and provides screen continuity to maintain your app state as the device folds or
unfolds.
B. 5G networks
C. 5G promises to deliver consistently faster speeds and lower latency, Android 10 adds
platform support for 5G and extends existing APIs to help you take advantage of these
enhancements.

D. Smart Reply in notifications

Android 10 uses on-device ML to suggest contextual actions in notifications, such as
smart replies for messages or opening a map for an address in the notification.

E. Dark Theme
Android 10 adds a system-wide dark theme that’s ideal for low light and helps save
battery. Users can activate a new system-wide dark theme by going to Settings or turning
on Battery Saver.

MacOS Big Sur

A. A Fresh Look
You'll first notice that everything looks … different. Big Sur isn't a substantial visual
overhaul, but there are small design tweaks that make the interface look a little more
iPad-esque. Corners, whether you're looking at apps or the dock, are rounded. App
icons are a squircle shape instead of round. Colors are bolder, grays are darker, and
various icons and menus have been compressed to take up less room (looking at you,
Finder). Overall, the entire operating system looks closer to a mobile OS and a great
deal more modern.
B. A Control Center, Plus Widgets!
A part of this redesign includes the Control Center. Yep, that's right: The Control
Center from the iPhone and iPad is now on the Mac. It's the icon with two toggles in
 the Menu bar on the top right. Tap it and you can get quick access to settings for Wi-
Fi, Bluetooth, brightness, Do Not Disturb, sound, and current media playback.
C. Safari Improvements
The Safari Start Page got a makeover too. Instead of just showing your favorite or
frequently visited websites, you'll also see a Privacy Report for how many trackers
Safari has blocked. Also present are Siri Suggestions and access to your Reading List,
and you can change the background to something more colorful. (You can remove
some of these widgets by tapping the edit icon on the bottom right of Safari's start
page.)
D. New Maps
In an effort to get you to use its maps instead of the competition's, Apple has
revamped the Maps app on the Mac, porting many new features that first showed up
in iOS 14's version of Maps. There's Look Around, Apple's answer to Google's Street
View; Guides