GENDER AND SOCIETY being with their loved ones.
Creating memories
LESSON 7:LOVE, INTIMACY, AND
RELATIONSHIP
What is Love?
• Love is a feeling of strong or constant
affection for a person that includes sexual
desires, strong emotions felt by people who
have a romantic relationship. It can also be
defined and conceptualized as the following:
• Love is an emotion. It is a physiological
response evaluated psychologically by people
who experience different life events, sadness,
fear, anger, joy, and disgust are just a few of the
emotions we feel.
Love as a social phenomenon. Events that we
experience within our relationship and
interaction with others are called social
phenomena. As we love others, we entail
communication. This communication between
lovers also involves verbal and non-verbal
language.
Love is a universal culture and people all over
the world experience this feeling regardless of
their cultural identity, race, age, and color.
Different perspectives on love
• Romantic love. It is characterized by intense
passion; there is a feeling of intense longing for
union with your partner.
• Love as a psychodynamic view. The
psychodynamic perception explains that we
have desires and motives towards others.
• People have various ways through which we
give and receive love as cited by a world-
renowned author Gary Chapman. To express
their thoughts and feelings of love towards
others, people use a language called words of
affirmation. Words or phrases like "I love you"
are words of endearment. Others are also
affectionate in expressing how they cherish
with a special person is one of the best things
they do as part of love languages. Time, gift,
and an act of service are three precious things
of showing love and affection.
Love and Intimate Relationships
• The topic of love remains abstract and
obscure if it is not in the context of human
relationships. Aristotle, the Greek philosopher,
has referred to humans as social animals. It
means that humans thrive, strive, and flourish if
we are with others as an evolutionary and
practical process.
• Social connection is necessary for our growth
as individuals. It serves as a foundation for the
family that provides humans a venue for care,
nurturance, and as a place to develop
potentials. It also enables us to secure a social
position to secure human resources in
implementing dreams for the community and
ourselves.
LESSON 8: SEX and SENSES
Human and Senses
• Humans are called rational beings capable of
making choices and using choices based on
higher-order thinking skills like judging and
evaluating.
• It is a hypothesis that affects (emotions and
feelings) and play an essential role in our
behaviors.
• Our emotions take precedent primarily
because these are processed and modulated by
the limbic system, that is, the emotional part of
the brain which is more primitive compared to
the ones responsible for higher-order thinking.
There are three primary emotional responses
humans have. These are flight, fight or freeze.
• Flight response is when we move away from
dangerous or adverse stimuli. The fight is if we
face harmful or hostile stimuli, and a freeze
response is when you are startled and not able
to choose or do something. “There is a
requirement in all these responses. • Humans
should be able to sense the environment,
organize the received stimuli, and interpret the
stimuli so we can make a choice and a
corresponding action."
Tactile experiences
• For an element of human intimacy, touch
feels. The skin covers the body, the largest
bodily organ.
• It is a sensitive organ, and we humans only
choose whom we will touch and who will feel
us. • In social interactions like intimate ones,
touch holds meaning. There are certain parts of
our body that we allow others to touch.
• It may also govern by social norms
Visual Experience of Human
• The society relies on visual culture because
humans are predominantly visual, which is, they
create meaning and convey information based
on what we see around us.
• For example, when we go everywhere we find
signs that communicate something to us.
• We see signage placed on different
establishments, stations of public
transportation, groceries, and others. It only
means that visual culture is essential in our
society.
• In terms of human sexuality, studies have
explored gender differences in visual stimuli
and sexual arousal. Men tend to be more
influenced by visual cues like how does the
person looks physically and also what the other
person is wearing.
• Women, on the other hand, are influenced
more by context, that is, by the nature of the
relationship with the other person, someone
they know and can trust.
Auditory experience
• Social interactions are auditory, from visual.
Studies show that much of our culture passes
through oral traditions.
• Sexual activities are also a verbal
communication process. Sounds give additional
context to sexual situations.
• For example, in sexual interactions, couples
may give verbal erotic encouragement- words
that manifest feelings.
"Human senses are the windows of our
consciousness."
• With this, we learn from others, and from our
experiences, we are aware of what is happening
around us, and we experience because of the
information we receive from others and the
meaningful relationships we exchange with
them.
• The relationship and the perceptions of
people with others depend on the sexuality or
relationships of an individual. Males may have a
different way of how they view the opposite sex
in terms of love and intimacy or sex.
• Females, on the other hand, may view males
on the relationship and trust they have with
them.
LESSON 9: SEXUAL BEHAVIORS
– are actions that humans agree to interpret as
an expression of sexual motivations or
intentions. It is essential to know that humans
give meaning to behaviors. For example, kissing
and hugging may be considered sexual in nature
is not always the same case because of the
context of the attitude of the person who kisses In the human male, the corona and the glans
and hugs matter. penis become enlarged and reddish.

-are generally erotic behaviors since it involves
any of the erotic zones (primary and
secondary). The erogenous zones are the face,
chest, neck, and genitalia in others
Sexual behaviors are as follows:
• Auto-erotic (self-directed) is the masturbation
or the stimulation of one's genitals. Erotic
motivations can direct to other people of the
same sex or the opposite sex.
• Homoerotic behaviors- sexual behaviors
oriented to the same sex
• Heteroerotic behaviors- used to refer to
sexual behaviors oriented to the other sex.
• For reproductive purposes, copulation or the
insertion of the penis to the vagina is necessary.
• However, sexual behaviors do not only refer
to copulation.
• They also include an array of non-copulatory
sexual behaviors such as kissing, hugging,
caressing.
Sexual Response Cycle
• One of the ultimate goals of the sexual act is
reproduction among heterosexual couples.
• Orgasm is the climax of the sexual response
cycle.
• Resolution- In this phase, the male penis
returns to its normal un-erected stage, whereas
the testes and the scrotum descend. In the
human female, the outer and the inner
reproductive organs also relax.
SEXUAL RESPONSE DYSFUNCTIONS
• Some people experience difficulty or
problems in some of the sexual phases.
Orgasmic disorders are the problem that occurs
if the individual has a problem in achieving
orgasms.
• Sexual pain disorders are an experience of
pain during the sexual response cycle.
• Sexual arousal disorder occurs if the individual
has problems in achieving the necessary
physiological state for copulation (ex. erectile
dysfunction in males).
• Sexual desire disorder is when an individual
has low levels of desire or has an aversion to
sexual activities

• Both male and female undergo a sequence of

bodily changes which prepare them for the
sexual climax.

• The phase of changes means the sexual

response cycle.

According to the Master and Johnsons Model,

there are four phases in the cycle

• Excitement is the first phase of the cycle. For

the males, the goal of this phase is erection or
tumescence.

• Plateau is the phase characterized by a

sustained peak in the stimulation of the organs.