H. I. Epmouncun, B. H. Kasyrna, 3. B. Kopnauios, HM. A. Kyremosn CYJOBBIE YCTAHOBKH O4MCTKY HE®TECOJEPYKALIIMX BOL Merogni H CX€MbI OUHCTKH, yeTpoiicTBo Hf aKCMyaTananBBK 39.459. YOK: 629.5.064:628.3 C R92 Penensent: raapuuiit uracenep YupHHMMoa, «. 7. u., du@unocenmos B. B. ABropp!: Epmouxin Huxonat Peopenecas— k. 7. 4.. npodeccop Kanyzus Braoumup Huxonacew~ k. P. H., AOUCHT Kopinutos Ddyapd Bacuaweour — vinxenep-mexaunx | paspaza Kyrewoe Hoops Huronacews — x. v. H., HOUEHT PexomeHfonano B Ka4ecTBe yue6Horo H CnpaBoNHoro HOocobHA YueHEIM CopeTom LeHrpa NOArOTOBEM WM aTTeCTAuMH UsaBCOCTaBa OseccKol HallHo- HaabHOH MopcKoit akaxemMn Ho Hanpannenmo “CyzovoKacHue sHepreTHKa cynon” Muuuctepctna oOpasonanna 4 nayxn Vepannn yma cyAopLix Mexanu- KOB M KypcaHiton MopcKnx yueGunix sazenennii. [potoKos No 7 or 26.08.2003. Epmowicuu HP, Kas ti B.H,, Kopniuos 9. B., Kyaemou A. H. € 892 Cynonuie yeranoncu ouneTKn nepreconepaaumx Box. Meron u cxXeML ONHCTKH, yorpolicrso H SKCHyatauus: Yuebu. nocodne. — Onecea: enixe. - 44 orp. B yse6nom noco6un ocnemtens Mevonsi OMNCTKH cymORMX Herp- TECOAEPAAUMX BOD, PACCMOTPEHS! OCHOBHLIE THIIDI COBPEMEHIBIX ye- TAHOBOK UM TEXHOMOFMHECKHE CxeMM OOpaGoTKN HM OUNCTKH, NpHMe- HACMbIC HA CYMAX, 2 TAKE PCKOMCHAAKHH 10 HX DKeTAyATALAH HM TeX- HHmeckoMy o6cnyKUBAHINO. lipurerenm tpeGorauua MexnyHaponuoit Konrenna MAPIIOT 73/78 NO OCBHHETEALCTBOBAHHIO CYAORLIX YCTAHOBOK H COOTBETCT- ByIOUlch JOKYMCHTauHH. © Epmownun H, P., Kanyrun B. H., Koprusos 9. B., Kyseuos H. 11, 2004 BBEJIEHHE Hexontpoaupyemoe motpebaenue mpuposninx pecypcon, Heperynupyemplit COPOC OTXOHOB BISBAIK HEOOPATHMBIe NPOUCcce B GHOCEpe, HMELOLUHE KaTacTpo- ieckui xapanrep. 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Bpema epaGariipamia npuoopa ompeneaseres kak BpeEMs, Fpouieuuice ¢ Momelta H3MeHeHHA cocTasa npobbl, TocTynarouel: 8 npUdop NO perHerpanuit UN sHAveHKA KONUEHTPAUiTN HEdTU HE ZomAHO MpeaLiuaTt 20 cex. B yen0m OSopymoRanne exojmuice B CocTaR yeTaHOROK no OHMeTKe HB XOMKHO SuTs erpoeKTHpoRAHO jyIA aBromMaTHuecKOl paborsl (*...AONKHO GUITE D COCTOSKHH HOPMAN padoTars 6e3 HAOMONEHUS M10 MeHBITEl Mepe B qeuenue 24 vacos”), oftako, OSx3aTeNLHO AOWKHO OBITH AMperycmoTpeHO anapuiinoe pyunoe yrpaprenue. Kouperiveli onpesenena Heo6XOAMMOCTD BbIMOMHEHAA OONEe AeCTKUX TpeGoRaHH B ocobEX pationax: Cpedusemnoe, Fepnoe, Batmuitckoe u Kpac- woe MOpA; pation sanueos Buusene2s BocmioKa; Adencruti sans; pation ‘Anmapxmuiu u Cegepo-3anadnie Eéponeiicxue 60d Cesepnoe mape, Hp- nanOckee MOpe U nodxEdLI K HUM, KejomeKoe ope, AncnudicKui Kaan nodxodu K HeMy w Yacmy Cesepo-Bocmownoi Amianmusn na sanad om Hpsandun, Koopaniarsi, orpanisaromne ocobsie pationpi, npurescier 8 rexcte Kouscuiun. K oco6o vypcraurerbribim paitoriam oTHoca Tes! Bosom Bapeepuetii Pug Ascmpama u apxunenae Ca6aua-Kamaeyniu (Cesepitoe nobepexcve Kyév1)"; 8 ocod0 syseTaurenbutix palionax c6poe 3a Gopr HB moboit Kounerpausi anpewéu, B ocodux pationax paspeusaeres eGpoc sa Sopt HB TonsKo mpu omtionpementiom coSmoseHnu cuenyroutux yonoRmii; a) asia cynoa BMecruMoctEio 400 perucrpopLix TOMH 1 Bones, a TAKE 13 ABSIT MALIMHO-KOTENBHBIX OTHEHEHML TaLKepoB: cymMo 3a 12-MaTLHOM sono, B ABIKEMIN, ComepxanHe Hedyra B CGpoce Meee 15 Ma/s, Ha cymte B neler clINCOK NOCTOATTIO TOMOMeTeR NONLIN paiioHaMu akRAOpHH MEPOBOKO OKeAHA.BH (HIETpyroulee OSopyfosarHe, npHOop KOHTponA HedTecozepxanua Ha c6poce (cHrHanH3aTop ¢ aBroMaTHYecKHM, MpeKpamatomum cOpoc yeTpolict- BOM) ABTOMATHYecKoe 3anopHoe ycrpoiictso, oGecneuHBaloWee Npekpatuenne c6poca np npessuuennu 15 ma/. 6) ana Takepos - sanpeulaerca c6poc Heprecomepxaulero u uHcTOro Gannacta. 8) B pafione AutapkTuKu sanpemaetca moboili cbpoc Hedrecogepxaueli emecu. 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Cxema npamorounolt nanopuoli quiorauisn | =uzcoc, 2 - »kextop; 3 ~ aanopunitt pexepayep, 4 ~ dynorarop. 10 TIpenmyiecTso HanopHolt bnoTalMu Meped MHeBMaTHYeCKOl 3akMOYAeT- CA B TOM, YTO YACTHULI He@TeNPOAYKTOB MpHKpennsoTca K MY3bIPbKaM He TONbKO 3a CHET HX CTOAKHOBCHMA, HO HM 3a CHET BbIENCHHA MYSBIPbKOB 3 PacTEOpA HeMOCpeACTBEHHO Ha 43BIEKAeMbIX YaCTHUAX HedrenpoAyKTos. Kpome roro, up HanopHod ibroraunu oGpa3yiorca ny3bIpbKA MeHbLIErO pasMepa No cpaBHeHMtO © MHCEMaTiecKOH, a 370 O3HauaeT, UTO CyMMapHas TIMOWaAb MX NOBePXHOCTH GOAbUIE H BEPOXTHOCTH CTOAKHOBEHAA ¢ H3B/EKae- MBIMH 4@CTHUAMH HedTepozYKTOB BbILIC. Aacop6una J[na rnySoKoii ounctKH Bont oT HedrenposyKToR, 8 TOM dHCAe HaXo- ASIMUXCS B IMYNILTHPOBaHHOM cOcTOsHHH, NpUMeHsIOT agcopOunto. [pouecc OMNCTEH ancOpoIwel OCHOBAN Ha MOrMOLIeHHM ANCTIepCHBIX YacTHLy ToBEpx- HOCTbIO ancopOIMoHHOrO MaTepuana. Cuma, c KoTOpol yaepxUBaeTCA H3BNe- YEHHOE 3 ROH REINECTRO Ha NOREPXHOCTH ancopbenra, onpeyenseTca pazHo- CTbHO IBYX CHI MCKMONEKYAAPHOTO B3aHMOJEHCTBHA: MOJEKYN H3BeKaeMOTO: BemlecrBa C MOsIeKyTaMH ancopOeHTa, a TakoKe MONeKyA H3BAeKAeMOrO BeLe- crba ¢ MONeKYsIaMH BOAbL YeM CHAbHee CRA3b MONeKyJ1 H3BNeKAeMOrO BeLIe- CTBa C MOJeKy/1aMH BOLI, TeM Chabee aucop6upyetcs BeLeCTBO H3 pacTROpa. Pacnpocipahenve losy4iii alCOpOuNOHHb!e @IbTpbI. B kayecTBe an- copOcHros (HanosHMTecH) NPUMCHAIOT pazIHUEBe NOpHcTse MaTepuaibt: 30a, KOKC, @KTHBMPOBAHHbIM yrOulb, CHHTETH4ECKHe MaTepKalibl 4 Op. AKTH- BHPOBAHHbI yronb NO NocHeaHETO BpeMeHH ABANICA HaHGoNee pacnpocrpa- HeHHEIM ancopSupyioum Beujecrsom. Ognaxo sce Gonbuice npAmMeHeHne HaxosaT H aApyrue, once pelicebic BHAbI aqcopScHTOB, B YaCTHOCTH, Ha ocHope bopmanbacra7qHEx cmon. Tio Mepe sarpasnenna ancopéerta on nognexuT 3aMeHe, B NPOTHBHOM caydae KaYeCTBO ONHCTKH cHpKaeTeA. OCHOBHBIM YCNOBHEM AWA LOCTHAeHHA HaWAyUMIIX pesyneTaTOR Mpa HcnOAbZ0BAHHH aycopOuHonHE gHETpoB smaserca npeasapurentuiaa ounctka HB or xpynneix sacra nedra, Kak Mpapuno, ancopOunonneie dysietpbi npAMeHaOT B KauecTse nocHesHeli cTyNeHu ouneTKH. 2.2. XAMHYECKHE ‘Qnecrpoxumnseckaa omuctKa Ocuonneimm croco6amu anexrpoxumuueckoii ounerka HB saimores STEKTPOXHMMYECKAA KOary IIMA H 3NeKTpOXHMuYecKaa (ioTanua. B aneKTpo- Koaryilatope, B pesymbTare MIpoTyckaHHA NOCTOARHOTO ToKa Yepe? OUMIaeMy!o BOLY, NPOKCXOAST pacrRopeHue alowa H rHApONHs nepewenuMx B pacrsop MOHOR MeTasia. OSpasopasuiveca MPH 3TOM SACTHUDI THAPOOKHCH Meta MLoOsalaioT noBbULeHHOH aKTHBHOCTLIO H ancopOuHOHHOli cnocoOuocTEIO, oGecneuupaa Tem caMbiM Koaryasuuto (yxpynHenne) uactui, HedrenponyKTos. 3arem, 8 GnoKe amekrpodnoratopa, 3a cueT Ny3EIpEKoR raza, OOpasyiouluxcs Ha NOBepXHOCTM HepacTROpHMbIX KaTOLOB (OObINHO rpacbuTOBBIX), YKpyNHeEHHbIe YaCTHIIbI HedrenpOAYKTOR NOAHMMAIOTCA Ha HOBEPXHOCTb. DAeKTPOKOArYJAUHA HMeeT CYIILeCrREHHBIE HEOCTATKH, K KOTOPbIM OTHOCATCA CpaBHHTeAbHO Oosb- Wad NOTPEGHOCTS B 3/IEKTPOIHEPCHH, 3HATHTEIHDIM PACXOM AMCTOBOTO MeTALIA, 3ACOPEHHE MPOCTPaHCTBAa ME@KLY SIEKIPOAAMH MPOAYKTAMH BICKTPOKOAL YiALH, OOpazoBaHe Ha MOBEPXHOCTAX BWICKTPOLOB OKHCHLIX MIeHOK (accuBayna aueKTposos). Jlix MX ycrpaHeHMa TipeycMarpuBaloT MexaHMYeckyiO O4HCTKY MIEKTPOJLOB CHCMMATDHSIMH LETKAMM, MICPEHOMOCOBKY ICKTPOAOB H Ap. Osonnpowanne Osonnporanne npercransser co6oil xuMHUECKHi enocod ryGOKO! COUN crkv HB, ero Henosb3ylOT JUIN YANCHHS H3 BOM IMYIbrHpOBAaHHbIX HM pac- TBOPCHHBIX HedTenposyKToB. Kpome Toro, MPH O3OHHPOBAHHK NPOHCXOAMT OAHOBPeMeHHO OOe33apaxuBaHHe H OOECUIBEYHBAHHE BOMBI, a TaKKE CC HAaCbI- UIeHHe KHCTOPOHOM. 2.3. BHOJIOTHYECKHE Cyumocrs SHosiornueckoii o¥ncrKH HB 3akmloyaeTca B TOM, «0 B EMKO- CTAX ONpexemeHHOH opMb! HM pa3sMepoB cosfatrcn MCKYCCTBCHHAA. cpela B KOTOPOH NOZWEPHBACTCA Takas KOHMCHTPAlHA MUKPOOPraHHSMOB, MPH KOTOpOIt OH CNOCOGKD! 3a MUHHMAIbHO BOIMOAHOe BEM COpaGorTaTh onpesemeHHbIC OOvEMD! Hedrenposyicros. BuonOrHUccKHH MeTOA CCHOBAH Ha cHlocodHocrH MHKPOOpranH3MoB B Mpolecce cpoeii KUSHEAeATeABHOCTH, UCMOAbSORATL HedTe- npoayKtit. Buonoruyeckas ouncrxa HB ocyuiectaasetca NpH HaCbIeHHit BOAL KHCOponOM Bospyxa (a3poOHbie yCNOBHA), A KOHLCHTpaus HedrenpoyKTOB B UeXoMHOH Bose He momKHA npesbiMaTs 100 mali. HemrenpomyKtsi oxucaoT onpeiencHubii Habop MukpooprakuaMor, alarruporaHHen « HB. Tipu nomena cbepMentos, BbipaSarpinaemBix MUkKpOOpraHH3aMamy, HedTenpoAYKTEI passaravoTca Vi DPOHHKaoT B KileTKH OakTepuil, OOecneuHBad HX %KH3HEeMesTeEALHOCTB. OTAHSH- TEABHOH OCOOEHHOCTBIO YCTaHOBOK, HCHOJIL3YIOWHX GOHONOrHueCcKHi MeTOR OUHCTKH, ABIIETCA CHOCOGHOCTL HepepaGarbiBaTs He(prenposyKTbI HaxOILLHECA B buge omysbeH. tum orwacm OGbAIACTEX OFpaHH4eKHe HO KONNEHTpaUKH Hedrenposysros B HcxoAHO! Bose 20 100 M/A, Tak KAK MPH TAKO! KONNEHTpAUHH Hi Meriee HeirenpoayKThI B OCHOBHOM HaxOAsTeA B OMYABrUpOBAHNOM cOCTOAMHH. K HegocrarKam 9THx yeTaHOBOK cieAyer OTHECTH %KeCTKHe OrpaHH4e- HMA, CBA3AHHBIE C YCHOBHAMM HOJUIep Kala KUZHENEATENLHOCTH MUKpoOpra- HU3MOR H JOROABHO JUINTEMbHBIT TePHOs BROMA HX B TeiicTRHe. B 3. CYOBbIE YCTAHOBKH O4HCTKH HE®TECOJEPHKAIHX BOI, OCOBEHHOCTH KOHCTPYKIMH 1 AEHCTBHA Cyjla Mupororo dbsora yKomnaexropanpi pa3HooGpa3HbIMH_KOHCTpyK- UAMH OOOpyfORAKHA Aaa OUnCTK HedTeconep»KaUINX BOR (yeTaHoBKH OHB - Oily Water Separators). Bmecre ¢ vem, Komurer no 3aiure Mopexoii Cpestui Tpwioxenun 10 k Pezomiounn MEPC 60(33) “PyKorogcteo # TexnH4eckHe tpeGonara 0 OOopynoBaHHIO 1a Mpeworepailenua 3arpasHenna W3 sban MalUNHHEIX NOMemennii”, npHHATOH 30 oKrsGpa 1992 rona, Mpu3Hapaa mpo- rpece Texuonornii ouncrku HB, OrmMeyaer, 4TO ycrosRuiasca TexHoaorHa TakoBa, Yo Bcé OSopyOBalNE MOXKHO pazqeNATh Ha cenapatopHoe u (buant- pytomtee. Tox ovHw noapasymenactea, «ro ycratioskn OHB coctosir 43 payx 6noKoB: nepesiii - Cenapatop, oGecncumBaiouni; ipexbapuTerbHYIO O4HCTKY (npeumyuecrrexHo. AYTEM rpaBHTalHOHHOrO pasycncKHs) DO KOHUCHTpaLMn Hedrenpovykror B ounmenioii soe Metice 100 mu/n; wtopoit - obeciieunnaer oouncrky HB no 15 ma/n. 31a KomOunauna cenapaTopa mu goounctuTena AOMKHA HMET ONOOPEHHOE ycrpolicrso (no_TREp%AaeTCA CBUACTEN_CTBOM 0 THHOBOM OR06peHHH NpHOopa) m9 Nonaun mpenynpezurenbuoro curnasia o ConepxanHn He*renpoAYKTOB B OUMUIAeMO; RORe B KONUeHTpauuT 1S Movin H Gomee. Baxkubim 21cMenTOM yeTaHoBKH ABIAeTCA NoNAIOUINi Hacoc. B cocrap yeratiopox OHB o6-iiHo BkaO4aOTCA BAHTOBOH Hn MOPUTHeBO HacocsI, Tak Kak B OTAHNHe OF ucHTpOGexKHLIX OHH HE CO3aI0T yonosui ant n0- NOAHUTERLHOTO oMysTHpOBANA HedreupoayKToR. IlponsgosuTensuocrs Hacoca, B MO6OM cayuae, He AOKHa Npessiuarh HOMHHAJIbHY! LIPONYCKHYIO cnocoGHocrs o6opyaosanus Gonee eM B 1,5 pasa. TakHM O6pa30M. Re cyzonmie ycranopKH OHB ocnauicnet urratibinn npu6opamu, KOHTpoMpyiOUluMM crenens ounerKH HB, a rake cucremoit YOPABACHHA 3A0OPHSIMH KIaNaHaMH, OTMBHBIM Kananom 3a Gopr # curiana- sauce Wx nonoxKeHHA. B cayyae nperniuienus Aonycrumoro coxepxKanna Herenposyxtos B Bose cOpacbiBaeMoli 3a Goprt, yeraHorka Ro3Bpalaer Boay OOpatHo B sibaNa HAM B HaKoMHTenbHy!0 CTONHYIO WHCTepHy Hinke pacemorpeunt nando. HoBoK OHB u ocoGennocTH ux {1 c€ PACipOCTpaHeHHble KOHCTPYKUMH ycra- icrBHA, 3.1. CEHAPATOP HE®TECOJEPHKALIMX BO), “PAM” Tpumummanpias cxema ycranopna “PAM” (Toasanmua) noKazania ia pue. 4. B cxemy swnouen orcroitipiii cenaparop 4, nBa KoaiecuMpyiOUlnx buswtpa narpororo tuna IH 6 8 nacoc 9. Veraonka paGoract » HanopHom Bpexume (Hacoc ycTaHoseH nepex nepRoii cTyreHbi0 OUMCTKH). TIpn Bkmo¥cHHH ycraHoRKH B pabory HB us cyzonolt cGopHoi uActep- HbI NogaeTca B NepBbIit KoaTecuHpyiouni bunb1p 1. B stom @usbipe MenkHe NaCTHUB! HedTempomyKTOB yKpynusiorca, yro cnocoGcrayer wx sAY4IUeNy OTAeNeHHIO IPH Mocmenyrouem oTcToe. CreneHb sarpa3HeHHocTH BCTaBOK ompenenaetca Tro nepenamy qaRseHHa, KOTOpbIi H3MepseTcA ZMatoMerpaMuH 7. V3 nepporo Koanecuupyloulero buzeTpa ouMuiaemMas Doga Tocrynacr B otcroiiusiit cenaparop 4. B orcroiinuxe pacnonoxen 610K HalcIounbX m1a- cTwa 8, OOpasylowux ToMKocmoHuLi oTcToHHHK, Mexy KOTOpBIMH Han- paRiseTca NoTOK RODE. OTJeneHubIe OT BOUL Hed TenpoAyKTEI NOAHUMAIOTeA BLONb MaCTHH BBEpx H coOupaloTcsa B KOsexTope 5. 3 Hero OHM Hanpapna- JOTC# B BEpXHIOIO YacTE CerlapaTopa. ‘Ypopewh HakaMIMBaempix HedrenpoAykTOR KOHTpoNMpyetcs NonTaBKo- BbIM ycrpolicrsom 3 c mHeaMonpHsofoM. [Ip Hakonnexuu onpexeneHHoro KOJM4ECTBa HE*PrefpOyKTOB, COACHOMAHDI WWanan 2 agroMaTHyecku OTKpBI- Baerca M, Yepes TpyOonpopon cOpoca, HedrenposykTs! cOpacnimaiores B uulamosy uncTepuy. B orcroiinom cenaparope oTmensorca rpyOonucrepc- HBbIC Mf IVICHONHBIe Hebei pOAYKTbI. ee 8 whamob yo guemepuy a —po— 3 a conn e od 5 6 =) 1 9200 vy x Dd Ue | Dt Puc. 4. Cxema ycranopku “OPAM™ Hocaeaeit ctyneHpio o4ucréH B ycraHoKe “PAM? saaseres Koaiec- LHPYOWHit PUALTP 6, B KOTOPOM IpenycmoTpeHn py4Hoit c6poc HakoNMBLIAX- ca BHéM HedrenponyxtoR. CucTema ynpapnenus ycTanoBKu oGecneunBaeT abTOMaTHYeCKHH COpoc HaKOMAeHHBIX B cenapaTope HedTenpomyKTOR, a TAKE UpeKpalueHHe COpoca CYHULeHHOH BOs 3a GopT, ec KOHMeATpaLAA Hedre- NPOAYKTOR B OUMMEHHOH BOLE NpeBbICHT AoONycTHMoe 3HayeHHe 15 Ma/n. TipeumyutectBom ycraHosku “®PAM” meped apyruMH ycTaHoOBkaMH, B KOTOpbIX CoueTaeTca ABa CHocoGa “O“NCTKa — OTCTAaHMBaHHe” H KOwIecleHUHA, ABNACTCA JIPHMCHeHHe KOaIeCUMpyloWero ycTpoiicTBa Meped OTCTOMHbIM cenapatopom. Ito nospouaet Gove stpekr4BHO OcyiMeCTeNATh Npoltecc OTCTaHBAHHA 3a CHET NpeAbapHTeNbHOrO YKPYNHCHHA MEIKHX YacTHl HedTe- MPOAYKTOR B KOAICCLMpyrOUleM ycTpolicree. Oguako, B IKCMYaTAauHH, 9TO MpHBOAUT K YCKOPeHHOMY Sarpa3HeHMIO KOaeCLMpyioulero narpora u HeOG- xonHMoct ero 3amensi. Hami4ne MexaHMuccKHX MpuMeceii a cynospx HB TaWoke NPUBOAUT K CHEDKEHHIO ero pecypca. Sécberrupuocr, oucren HB p ycranoske “PAM” s sHaunTenbHol crencHa 3ABUCHT OT CKOPOCTH NPOXOAMeHHA BOB Hepes KOATECHUMpyIOLHe NATPOULL, a TaloKe MexAY MacTHHaMH oTcToiiMoro cenapatopa, MosTomy yMebutenne TlozaaH Hacoca 9, nyTeM nepenycKaHus YacTH Rozb! Yepes Saiinac, cnoco6cT- BYeT yy 4eHHIO Mpolecca OUMCTKH. 3.2. CEMAPATOP HE@®TECOJEPXKALNHX BO “®@PAMAPHH” TipHanunuanbyas cxema yctanonku “@&PAMAPHH” (Tomnangua) BKINOYaeT OMHCTKY OTCTOEM H KoanecueHtHel u mpejcTaamena Ha puc. S. B omcrovinom cenaparope 1, ropwioHTanbHaro Tana, NOTOK oFNMAaeMol BODb! MonamaeT Mexay rodpHpORAHHbIMH DacTHHamu 2, rae MpoHCXOZHT ero. TOHKOCOHHOe OTCTavBaHKe, B BbICTYNax roppoB uMeroTcA OTBeEpCTHA, Hepes KOTUDbIC HE@TenpOAYKTb! NO/MMMAIOTCA B BEPXHIOIO YACTL cenapaTopa — cOop- ublit Konak, To mepe HaxomicHua B HEM HedbrenpogyKTos cpaGaTbipaeT NaTHnk 3, H Mogact curHan Ha OTKpEITHe Katana 5, Yepes KOTOpBIT HEdyrenposlyKTb cOpacbipatotca B Livlamopyio yncrepry, MpeseaprrenbHo ouvuentaa HB, nocne cefmapaTopa, Noflactca B KOpIryc ropH3OHTanbHore KOaecuMpyIOWero MusbTpa 6, B xeucrpykumn cumtpa npexycmotper cOopusit Konmak 8 id HakOIUIeHHA omieannumxca Hedrenponyston. Haxonmentbie 8 KoumaKe 8 HeIprenpogyKrst ‘Tak Ke COpacbinarOTes B LAAaMOByIO UUCTEPHTY, Kak HH KOSIMaKa 4 ceiaparopa. Yotanosxa “®PAMAPHH” npegcrasnaer coGoii monepHu3sHposannestt sapuanr ycranopKu “DPAM”. B neli ucnontsytorea Te 2e cnocobm oumerKH — orcrolt w xoanecyenuua, OmiaKo, npaMexexie ropus0rTambHo pacrionoxen- HbIX FOPPUPORAHHKIX TIacTUN H CABOeHHOTO KOANecUMpyIoWero dbuNETpa 7, TO3BO.1UNO NOBLICHTS XppexTHBHOCT OuNcrKM HB py MeHLUHX rabapuTHEIX pa3sMepax ycTaHoBKn.Crema HaKOnmeHUP wepmenpadyx~ B cydobyio mo’ Ha WwAaMobyio & & naacmuvex eer & S ss ds 38 é& L 8 cydobyo wnawoby qucmepny 3.3. CENAPATOP HE®TECOAEPKAILAX BOK “HN MATHK” TIpHHWANKanbHas cxeMa ycraHosky “lll MATHK” (ilnenus) npea- cTabieha Ha pc. 6. B nei ncnoubsyeres Ba Crocoba ONHCTKH ~ OTCTOH H aAcopSiHs. B yc- TaHoske HeriombsonaHa BaxyymHaa npoKauka HB. Tipvi skstodcHHn ycranoBkH & paory, 3a C¥eT paspexeHuA, Co3{aBae- Moro Hacocom | (tacec pacnoaorker 3a cerlaparopom), HB us cystoBoit c6op- Holi UMcTepiL! uauMAeT nocTynaTy B OTcTOHHOC yerpoticrRO 2, rae OTHERS foes Taerotue mM rpySogucnepcre edrenponysret. Orcrorumecs HedtenpoayaTer naxanaupaioter B BepXHelt nostocTa oTeToiitHKA, Kax TosIbKO enol Hedrenponyxron qocruruer onpegenenuoti sentauuer, cpadarmeacr Aarunk 4 4 orKpbinaer Kylanan 3. ipa srom 2neKrpompHratean Hacoca 1 HANHHAeT BpallaTes B NPOTHRONONO-*HYIO pabouemy Hanpawrentio cropoHy, H HeTenponyK Tb! BbITECHMOTEA B HimAMORy!O LAcTepHy. 8 waamodyn ducmepny 3a. dope Puc. 6. Cxema ycranopkn “HIT MATHK” C6poc nedrenpoayxTos npoyou«KaeTca 10 Tex Nop, OKA JaTuMK ypoBHA 4 we saduxcupyer orcyrcrane xedtenpogyxtos. Tocae 3rore ycratosKa cHopa HaunHaet pa6orate B pexUMe ONHCTEH, Mis orcroifumxa cenapatopa 2 Boga noctynaer w piibtp TOHKOH O4MCTKY 8, re Mponcxognt oTAeNcHKe oMyAbrMpOBAHHBIX HedrenposykTos B CADE sepuucTod @unetpyiouteli sarpysKu. 3arem O4nUjcHHaA BOAA NocTynacT B c6opuyto emxoets 7, orkyja cOpacpinaeres 3a Gopr. Ecnu npuOop konTpona 3a coxepKaHvem HepTeNporyKToD B ONHUIeHHON Bose NOAaeT CHPHAN O HeyMOBNeTROPUTEMLMOM OMHCTKE, TO ABTOMATHYeCKH gakpbikaetcs Kanan 6, f OTKpEizaetca knanan 5. B pesynerate came 3a Gopr Mpexpaulaercs, H Boa HauHeT COpacbIBaTBCa B UUcTepHy cOopa HB win B JIbALIa. : Crenenb O4McTKH 3aBHCHT oF adbibeKTHRHOM paGors! KaxKTOl cTryneHu YCTAHOBKH, HOITOMY CHIDKEHHE CKOPOCTH ABH2KCHHA Bob Yepe3 cenrapaTop 2 (rpapuralvonHllt paspeiuterb) cnoco6cTByeT YMeHBUICHHIO KOHUCHTpalHA nedrenpoayKros Ha Bxone B @userp 8. 3.4. CENAPATOP HE®TECOJEPKAINMX BO “TH APOINYP” Ouncrxa HB 8 ycranosKe “TM J[POIYP” (pants) ocymectansetcs B MBYX OCHOBHbIX 34eMEHTAaX: OTCrOMHHKE 8 MB QHAbTPe TOHKOM OUHCTKH 5, puc. 7. B ycravoske peanu3opay BakyYMHbIM npHem HB.Tip okmouernt » paSory nacoca 2 HB, 3a cuet cosnasaemoro paspe- xeuva, mocrynaer » npvemubili Gak 3 H nanee uepes Bopomoobpasisiti gnement 9 B BepxHioo uscrs oTcroliMnKa 8. B orctoiinuke npoucxoaur oTfereHve MeHOuNEIX uo rpyOogucnepcHEx HedrenpogykToR. Hakarsmeaec- Mule Hedrenponysrs: coGupaiores B KoANeKTope 7, oTkyma no Mepe ero HanOMHeHua aBTOMaTHYeCKH CGpactIBaIOTCA B ITAMORyIO KuCTepHy. COpoc HedTenpomykToR OcytiecTaiseTca TyTeEM MepekmouenHs Hacoca Ha paboTy B oOparHoM HaNpaBeHHH H BRITECHEHUA HedTeNpOYKTOB ¥3 KONeKTOpa NOT Ja@BAeHHeM Yepes KianaK 6. CucTeMoi ynpaBileHua HacOC MepeKmouaeTca aBToMaTHuecku. M3 orcroakuKa 8 HB Hacocom 2 nojaetea B (pHAbTp TOHKOM OMHCTKH 5, PI€ NOMOAHHTEALHO OUHULAeTCA OT Hed@renpoAyKTOB. DunetTpyw- UHM MaTepHaOM cHy KUT CeuanbHad sarpy3Ka. Hocae puNbTpa OMMWMEHHad Boa cOpacnipaetca 3a Gopr. eS ; “ ‘i —> \ Buinamodyio 2 ‘quemeony Lg | { 1 ire Puc. a ycranouxn “PAPOMYP” Ypoper pozLi B npHemuom Gake 3 nognep%xKuBaetcA aBTOMaTHUecKH nomoutio Bepxuero 4H HKHero 1 narauKon yponna. Mpu ocymenm cys10- Bow mmerepHit oGopa HB, orkyza HB nogaerca wa yeranosky, yponen p npvemHoM 6ake nagaer Ao HImkHero AaTunka yposna |, KoTOpeiii MepeK.mouaeT nacoc 2 4a pa6ory B oGpaTHom HanpassieHan. HB waunnaer sanomHaTe npH- eMHEI Gak Mo Tex Mop, MoKa yporeHL HB He AocTuruer BepxHero Laranka 4. Hocne store wacoc cHona nepexmouaerca Ha pabory B peExUM OUNCTKM Onpit sxennyatanun ycranorok “fYMJIPOMYP” nokasan, ara HepeAky cuyuan Gpicrporo sarpa3ienua paaLTpyloMlero MaTepvana H3-3a HenocTarou- HO 3ipexTHBHO! padoTHI 6.10Ka rpaBHTaHOHHOrO pasgenenua (OTCTOMHHKa). 18 Tloppicure cteneas ounerku HB B orcrolivolt 30He MoxHO nyTeM yYMeHBIICHHs nlozadH Hacoca 2. 3.5. CENAPATOP HE®TECOAEPKAULHX BOL “CAPEKC” Mpnaqunvanbaas cxema ouncrku HB ycranopka “CAPEKC” (CLA) Nokasatia Ha prc. 8. Yotaiopka cocront W3 Tpex MOG HOBATEMBHO BKIOUSH- HbIX KoalecHMpyOUNX duteTpos 2 NaTpoHHOLO THHa, NOMCIUCHABIX 8 KOpIYC 1, Koucrpystupro diiprpe! BbInOAHeHBI Tak, 410 KaxK/bIL MMeEr OT ‘CTOMHYIO NOMOCTL. ITO noswONAcT CoucTATh Bsa NpUUecea ONMETKK: OTCTAMBAHKe KoaecueHIHio. Ys cOopriot unerepun HB Hacocom T nocneaoparenpno ripoKa4MBator- ca uepes TpH cTynenH Koaneciupyiomux duastpos, B Kamal ws crynenel NPOucxoAUT OTETeHHE HedyrenposyKTOR H HX nocneAyIONee HAKOMICHHE B oreroiimrx monoctax 3. 3 neproi u nropol! ctyneneli cOpoc naKonseHHbix hedrenpouyxros ocyulecrenserca apTomarTHueckH pH OPKpbITHH Kranana 4, gatauKom 5. Ua aperbelt ctynenn cOpoc npowssoawten Bpystyio mytém OTKpBIrHA KianaHa 6. OckoBHoi HenocTaToK yetaxoaxu “CAPEKC” — orpannuennsti pecype Koanecumpytomlax urbTpoB. JIA noRBUNeHHA UX pecypea pekoMenzyerca YeravaBIMBaTh NpexBapHTesbHplii PAs tp, sanepoxunatomuii Mexanuueckue fIPHMeCH Mepen cerlaparopom. Kpome Toro, nepeg nosayeii Ha OUNCTKY HeOb- xosumo HB npeAbapHtenbHo orcranpaTh x cbopuot uncrepHe a nepHoguue- CKH ONHULAT QHIETPbI (TpoMpiBarh Ténnom Bool, ayTém e€ nonaun na oGparnpii xo). SS 6 Puc. 8. Cxema yerartosxn “CAPEKC”3.6. CEMAPATOP HE®TECOJEPKAINUX BO] “COMPAHC” Tpuauunuansaas cxema ycranosxn “COMPAHC” (pannus) mpenezapnena Ha puc. 9. Oxnorka HB ocyuiecrsnaetca orcroem 4 Koamecuenmueli. Hacocom 1 HB mogaerea B yetaHopky 2 4epe3 npHemupilt narpy6ox 3. B sepxneii nonoctu 6 yoranosKn nponcxogur orcroit HB, p npouecce KoTOpOrO MIeHoN- He H Kanenbubie HedTenponyKTet BeMTEIBAOT BBepx. YacTHHO oUNMeHHaR ROMA NPOXxOsMT Yepes NOMMMpPONUTeHOBEIe MacTHHEI 8, KOTOpEIe, U AANMOTCA KkoaslecuMpy!ollMM MaTepHasiom, Buytpu nactun Meskue uacTuubi Hed@TenpoayKTOR YKPYTHAOTCA HW BCTLIBI- paior. M3 nomMnponuaenopbix MnacTHH Bola HocTynaer no TpyGe 9 B NaTpoH- Hui dbunstp 7. B xem npoucxoauT okonuarenbHan ouncTka, Hakor.ieHHe B BepxHeli Uactu ycTaHoBK HedbTenpoflyKTOB KOHT- ponupyetcs jarunkamu 5, KOTOppie Yepes CHCTeEMy YIIpaBHeHAt OTKPEIBAIOT kulanaka 4 atx cOpoca HedrenpouyKToR B ililamoByto uucTepHy. B ycTaHoBKe Uctons3yeTea Hacoc OObeMHOrO THNa C HMSKOi YacTOTOH Bpauenua. Tpume- HEHNE TAKOMO HACOCA MOSBOMAET HCKMOUHTS JONONHKTENbHOE IMYJIbUHpOBA- nue HB mpu nepekatnpanua e& Hacocom. Puc. 9, Cxema yerasopky “CO®PAHC™ 3.7. CENAPATOP HE®TECOJEPXKADINX BO] “AKBAMAPHH” TipaHunnvanbHaa cxema ycranopkn “AKBAMAPHH” (Llseuna) npez- cTapnena Ha puc. 10. B ockosy e€ paSorsl 3a1@KeH NPHHUAN OTCTOR M Koaltec- ueHunH. Orcroi HB tpoucxogur 6 orcroiinom cenaparope 1, umeroulem sakyyMuLiit npuem, B cetaparope KedyrenposyKTbl HAXO/AILMECA B KarIesbHOM # TpyOoAvcnepcHOM COCTOs#HMM BCIUIbIBAIOT B BCpxHior cro 4acTb. Mpoucce 20 OTCTOA HHTCHCHOUUMpyeTcaA KoaecHCHUMeH, A OCYIIECTBNeKHS KOTOPOH yeTanosnenbr mactunet 2. Hakonsenwe orcroasuinxca HeprenpoayKToB KOHTpomupyeTca onacTH4Ol McmOpaHol 4, Koropaa moa necTBHeM cu10n HeTenpogyrTop BiirHGaerca epepx. JlapnenHe ¢ obeHX cTopo MeMOpartbl BbIPaBHMBAeTCA pH reperekaHuH BAe No TpyOonpoBozy 3. Beirubaxce MemOpana uepes cucremy pitiaron 1 60K ynpascHHa (Ha Hc. He NOKasaHE), orkpbipaeT knanan 5. Hacoc 9 HaymHaer Bpamlarsca B npoTHBONONOKHyIO cTOpoHy W MpoucxoguT cOpoc Hedrenpopyktos. U3 cenaparopa ounulaeman Bola HacocoM 9 TogaeTcs B KoaneciMpyiomul uneTp 8, dunLTpyiomum 3MEMEHTOM KOTOpPOrO ABIAeCTCS MeWIOK 7, BEITIOJHEHHET H3 TKaHH. Hekoropsie ycTanoRku 3TOrO Tana OCHAHeHbI AONONHHTENbHBIM az- COpOLMOHHbIM @uIETPOM 6, 3arpyxeHHEIM AKTHBHPOBAHHLIM yrmeM, YTO NO3BONET NOCTHUL cTenmeHH OMNCTKM 0 10 ma/n. Hcnosb3sopanie Tpexctynenuato# ouncTKu, BKMOYaK ancopb- WHOHHLI Qwibtp 6, daeT onpeseneHubie MpeumymectRa, Tak kak No3BORSer ounmarb HB or netbrepoatHoll SMyBCHH. Bacco akTuBaposaHHoro Yi MOxKeT GbITh HCNOMB3OBAH ApyTO an~ cop6exr. Pecypc azcopOuMoHkoli sarpy3K4 BO MHOTOM 3aBHcnT oT 3bdextHB- 4ocTH paOoTbI KoatecuMpyroulero (bwib ipa, a TOUHEE — TKaHeBOrO PuNbTpa 7. Co spemeveM Matepwan Takoro (bwierpa 3arpASHAeTCA HM, XOTA B MepMoubt ABTOMATHYeCKHX NpoMbisoK (cOpoca Hedrenpo”yKTOB H3 cellapatopa) Bos BPIMbIBACT YacTb OTPHIbTPOBAHHEIX HedTenpoaykToB, PMATP HYIKaeTCH B cneuvaibioi npompisKe. Jina 3roro ero DeMOHTUpyroT 13 Kopnyca Mv MoWwr Tennol Bopoli Ges ucnom30BaHHA MOIOLIHX cpescTB. fi fgg iF oydebye wwaanodyea tN quemepuy J i OvuupeHHag 800a 20 opm Puc, 10. Cxema ycranoaku “AKBAMAPHH” al3.8. CEMAPATOPbI HE®TECOAEPKAIWHX BO “TYPBOAO” “TEIE/A” Om cuctempl cenapuposanna HB uMetor noxoxme Texnomoruyeckue CKEMBI H OTAHYaIOTeA MUI Tem, 4TO B coctas yeranonKn “TEIF/A” (Tepma- HHA) BKIONEH JONOAHMTeNBHEIA ancop6uHOHHbI durbTp 12 c sarpy3KoH H3 akrHBHpOBAHHOrO yraa, 4TO TosBONAeT NonyYaTh HoNBUIy!O CTeTIcHb OHUCTKH HB, ekmouas yancnue 43 soppi oMynbrupoBaHHbix HedrenposyKros, pic. 11. Herecoxep»xauiat poza moctynaeT B BepxHio10 30ny cemapatopa 3, rae oTaensioTcs KpynHble Karin Hed@renpogykros. Ilocne 3Toro ona moctynaer a HWKHICIO YaCT ceMapaTopa HW MexAY psfaMU HakNOHHEIX TapeNbyaTEtx HacTuH 2 mpoxogurT B neppopupoBankyto OTBossULyIO Tpyby. [lnactunEr 2 obecneduBaloT pexum TOHKOCHOMHOrO OTCTaMBaHus. Karim HedrenponyKTOB 3QlepKHBAIOTCA Ha HUX, YKPYNHMOTCA, JATeEM OTPHIBAIOTCH OT TACT BCIIIBIRAKT B REPXHiOlO 3OHy CerapaTopa, re OOpasyercs clon HemrenporyK- ToB. ToNMMHa CNOA pacTeT H, Kora MOcTHraeT MaTYHKOR 4 HS, MpOHCXOAMT ABTOMATHYeCKHH COpoc HakONHBUIHXCA HeTeENpOAYKTOB B MWtaMoBy!o LIKC- Tepuy. C 9Toii Lembio OT HaTunka 4 NogaeTCA CHrHal Ha OTKpbITHe Kanana 6. Hetrenponyktsi Hacocom | BbITecHaIOTCA H3 BepxHel YacTH Kopnyca Cenapa- ‘Topa 40 Lex Hop, HOKa OT HMX He OcBOGOsMTCA AaTUHK 5, noone Yero KaanaH 6 ABTOMATHYECKM 3aKpbIBaeTCA H LIPOUScC CelapApoBaHMa NpopoKacrca, Aaa MHTCHCHPMKALHM TpaBATAlMOHHOTO paszeneHMA McHONB3yeTca noxorpes HB TApOM, MoaBacMbIM No pacnonoxCHHOMY B paGouHX 30Hax SMCCBIIKY 7. TIpeapaputentuo oummentaa HB us cenapatopa Wanpasnactca B Koa- necunpyiouui dunrp 11, rae Haxogatca burETpyloune snemenTH! 10. Kopryc qpanerpa 11 paspenen nononam neperopogKoit 13 u uMeeT o6mry1o oTcToiinyIo sony 9. B kaxknoi noNOBHHe pacrlonoxeHEI 10 TPH KoaTecuMpyIOMHX cMeHHLIX gaemeuta (Bcero 6 wiT.). Hedrecogep amas BOZa NPOXODUT nocneAOBATEbHO CHayana Yepe3 TPH KOa@TeCUMpPyIOUlNX a7eMeHT2 TIO HanpaBeHHIO CHapy%xKH BOBHYTPS, a 3aTeM Yepe? Tou HTETpYIOUINX S7eMeHTA BO BTOpOH YacTH duUTET- pa, 3 BHE -Hapyky. [pu 3TOM yKPyNHeHHEIe W 3aylepxKaHHble Ha NOReEPXHOCTAX CMCHHEIX 3f€MEHTOR YACTHIIbI HedpTEMPOyKTOR MepHOAMMECKH OTTENAOTCH H BCIIEIBAIOT B OTCTOMHYIO 30Hy 9, rme NocTeneHHo HakannmMBaroTes. Mo3ToMy TlepHOZHYECKH, HaTpHMeEp, fepem KDKILIM BEMIOYCHHEM YCTAHOBKH HeOGxomH- MO OTKpBITh KilanaH 8 4 CIMTh M3 OTCTOMHOM 30HBI HaKOMNBLIMeCA TaM He*PrenpomykTbl. Ira OMepaud MpOAMEBAeT CHOK Cry%ObI CMEHHBIX IEMCHTOB BrOpOH 3OHbI (bHJIbTPAUMH UV NOSBOJKET NOBBICUTS CretleHb O4MCTKH HB. Tpersum, nocneqHHM GnoKom ycraoaKi TEIF/A asaaeres ajcop6uH- onneii buetp 12, sarpy:keHHbilt akr@BupoBaHHeIM yrsicM. Tipe oScayxMpanun yKasaHHbIX yCTAHOBOK HeKOTOPHIC HeyA0CCTBA BbI- SbiBAeT HeOGXOMHMOCTE NepHoANNecKOH CMeHBI Koamecuupyioulux gunbT- pylomux snemenTon 10 (ora Ke mpobmema Opucyula ApyrHM THMAM cenapaTo- pon, HMeloumx nogobuLie HALTpyloule onemeHTLI). a Ondenenswie 5 Ovyusen yor (8000 sadopm Puce. 11. Cxema yeranosen “TEIF/A” OchosHpic pekomenaaunn rospomsiomue o6ecneunTh Tpe6yemy1o creneH osncrke HB 8 npouecce axcryaTaunn cerapaTopa: - HPOMBbIBKa KoalecuMpyloWux PHABTpyIOUHX WZieMcHTOB TeIMIOH BOAO, nytém e& nogaun xa o6parintlt xon; - OOa3aTeILHLI NepwonMueckHit cue cKannusaloumxca HedTenpoayKToR uepes xnanau 8; = caoepeMeHHas cMeHa aKTuBUpoBaHHoro yrs B punbrpe 12. 3.9. CEMAPATOP HE®TECOJEPKALUMX BOA “M10” Texkonormyeckas cxema ycradosky M1IQ (Anonua) npeyctariena Ha puc. 12, rae B OMHOM ycTpoiicTRe OcyMeCTBAXETCA OTCTOM, KoaTIeCeHIMA 1 OUMCTKa B (PHILTpy:ollem cnoe 3arpy3ku. Tlopuresbim Hacocom | HB nosaet- cA MO 3Hr3arooOpa3sHow TpaeKTOPHH B BEPXHIOH YAaCTb CeflapaTopa 6, 3TO NO3BONACT MHTeHCH@MUMpOBATb Mpouecc oTCTOA, KOTOPbIH MpoucxoMUT B noaocTH 2. Haxonienuem Hedrenponystos Hx cOpocom yipasuior Bepx- unit 4 4 nMacinit 5 gatunxu yposia. COpoc nedrenpoaykTos ocynyecTBlAerca no TpyGonposogy 3. Tlance ovnmecHnaa or rpyGogucneperpix M1 nacHOUHBIX HedTenpoayKTOB BONA ABHIKCTCA BHKS, TpOXO/# NepBy! Hu Bropylo umBrpyiomue cTyneHH 7, KOTOpHe BLINOINMOT poss KoaNecUMpyLoMMX guaALTpoR. Dansrpyromue CTYNMeHH BLINOAHEHLI B BHze BKNANHLIX KacceT. B cpepneli yacru cenaparopa 2BNog Bropow untpyiouleli cryneHbio ycTaHOBNeH ellie OMH MATUHK yposaa HedTenpogyKTos, 10 CHTHAAY KOTOPOTO MOXKHO CYAMTb O CTETHH 3arpsa3HeH- HOCTH KoalecUHpyIOWMA CryncHei. Oxo:sateabiaa o¥nctka HB nponcxouut a tpeTbeH unbTpyoueli cTy- neuw 8, 3arpyxeHHow agcopGunoHHbim MaTepHaom. OuMUIcHHaA Bola OTBOLHT- cH W3 HMKHCH YacTH cenapatopa. B cueteme ouncrkn HB npeaycmotper TpyGonposog 9 Bo3Bpata BogbI B c6op- Hyto Wuctepoy HB wan B sana, ecan cogepkanue vedrenpogyxTos Bb oun- MWeHHOH Bose IpeBbiulaer HOpMy. B xoxctpyxuuu AaHHoli yoranopKH oreyternyer yctpolictno ant unbtpa- MMH 3MYTBTHpORaHHEIX HH MemKOHC- MepcHeIx HedTenponyKros, mosromy Fawubiit cenapatop moxer obecneuwts 5 OUNCTKY AMLIB 10 100 ma/n. Jina Gonee ray6oxod owncTkH HB caeayet ucnosb- 30BaTb ~—-- AONOJIHUTEbHYIO ~—CTYTIeH ‘ouneTKn. Puc. 12, Cxewa yeranopkn M10 3.10, CEMAPATOP HE®TECOJEPACALMHX BOA “Y¥COA” Yeravopxa “YCDA” (Poccua), puc.13, paboraer no caenyioulemy pHi wy. Tocne pxmovenua Hacoca (1a puc. He noKasan) p Kopnyce.5 ycraHoBKn Ro3IMKaeT paapexeHne, R pesynstare uero HB u3 cGopnoii iuereprt HB msm IbAIBHBIX KONOANeR MalMHHOTO OTJeNeHHA HauBHaeT MoctynaT, epes aabtp 9 ¥ HeROsBpaTHOe npHemuoli yctpoiicrso 1 B pacnpemenurtenbuyio Bopouky 4. Tipu 3ToM ckopocrs sBMxKeHus HB cHwxaeres, UTo cHocoGcTByeT OTACHEHHIO HEPTenporyKTOB M HX HakanMRAHMO R RepXHeit NomocTH. CrenuaibHbti aarank 2 4 HeRO3BpaTHOe aBTOMaTHUeCKoe ycrpoiicTBo 3 NpemHAIHaeHbl WA cCOpoca, cOOTRETCTBEHHO, He@TenpomyKtTos 8 uncTepHy He@TeoctarKow WH (POMBIBOUHOH BOE B COOPHELH TaHK. Hs poponkn 4 ownnaemaa Bola HanpaBAseTca BHU3. TIpoiiaa vepe3 cne- Wnanbubii usrpyromai cao, coctosuul 43 rpaHys YyryHonMTeHHOTO uL1AKa, TOAMAMHna Ho WeOHs, OUNCTKA CHMTaeTCA SaKOHYCHHON H BONA CIHBA- etcx 3a Gopr. 4 2 3 ims oviuuouuati Gada va npomsrbny cenapamnoca Apbeisovwax Boca om tudpomene. ammotcepe 6 wuemepay wopmeocmamras Pac. 13. Npnmuannansnar cxema yeranosnn “YCOA” B npouecce oxennyaranun dunprpyioumit cnolt neoGxonHmo nepHosu- 4eckH npombtpars. [Ipombipka OcymecTBIAeTCA ABTOMATHUeCKH lo CHrHamy pese spemesu win jarunka 2, KoTopsiii cpaGarmimaer, Kora B Kopnyce 5 HakONHMTca cHOl BCNMEIBLHX HedTenpoayKTos. B arom ciyyae Hacoc 8 ocTa- HapsupacTca HW OTKpbIBaeTCA JaekTpOMarHUTHBIA Kanan 10. Ipombiounas Boga or ruaporbopa, vepes yeTpoiictao 11, noctynaet B kopmye 12 0 zanomus- ef ero, OHOApeNCHHO BO;Ia NOCTYNAeT B OTOCTS Has MemOpanoli paarpy304- Horo ycTpoficTaa 6. MemOpana 7 mporvGaetca BHM3, Gnarolapa YeMy OTKPEI- BaeTca KanaH 13. Tlocie ero OTKPHITHA BOSAYX, BbITeCHAeMBIM NocTynaiouleh BOJOil 43 Kopnyca 12, HalIpaBiaeTca no TpyGonpogouy 14 B HipkHIOIO NoNOCTh cenapatopa. Bosayx OuMUlaeT PYIbTpYIOWMi Coit, NpOXO,A Cro CHH3Y BBEpX. B To Ke BpeMa BOAA H3 rHApotbopa, BbITeCHMB BO3ayx M 3alloNHMB KOpryc 12, HaYMHaeY NOCTYMat B Cenaparop 3aHepWad pexUM MPOMBIBKH TpaHys 3arpy3- KH dbuusrpyomero cnoa or HedrenpomyKtos. [pa 9ToM B Kopmyce 5 HB HafwemO6paHHoi nonocTn ycrpoiicrsa 6 aapneHe nocTenento Bospacraer. Men6paHa npora6acrca pHH3, mpegoTBpauiaa OTKPbITHe aDTOMATHMECKOTO Heposppatuoro yerpoiicrsa 3 u cue HB # crounyio unetepay. TMocse oKoH- wana unina “camp tedrenponykron” snextpomarnuTHbili knanax 10 saKppr BaeTea H BIMOUaeTCA Hacoc 8. [Iponece omncTKH NponOMKaeTCA. Onucanunili mpouece peannayerca He pexe 4em 4epe3 Kaxkapre 30 MH. paGorH yeranogEn, uTo KOHTponupyerca cnemuarbHLIM pete. 2s3.11. CEMAPATOP HE®TECOAEPKAIIAX BOL, TIETPOJINMHHATOP-630” Upanuun paGorst Guomexanmeckoro cenaparopa HB ocnosan a 6n0- koppeasua HB fo yporns conep»kania b Heli nedrenpoayKTos OKO 1 Ma/n, NTO 3HAUHTeMBHO HHxKe 3HaveHHA, Tpedyemoro Konneuyneli. K mpeumyurect- Bam STOH CHcTeMbI Cile/lyeT OTHeCTH O4eHS HHIKHE 3aTpaTor Ha e& TeExUMYeCKOe oGciykHBaHHe B Nponecce akcnayarauun. Ha pac. 14 MpefcTapren Buen bull cerlapatopa “IIETPOJIMMUHATOP-630”. Copmectuo ¢ oSopysonannem 4 yupaBnsarowel annaparypol, OH OOnagaer Mambimu raGapHTamu jyiMua - 1,9 M, WIMpHHa - 1,5 M. Ceraparop “TIETPOJIMMMHATOP-630” npenasnagen ana yruuto- *REHHA HEdreiposlykTOB OakTepHsMH, 2HH3HE/LEATEMBHOCTE KOTOPBIX MoZep- IKHBACTCA ECTECTBCHHIM O6Pa30M. Tlpoucee ccnapuposatiua B cenaparope mpoucxonur Tipu armocipepHom HABICHHM H COCTOUT 3 TpEx has. Teppaa asa — crynckb cenapupowauns saKmiovaetes B cneayroulem: HB nogaérea b cOoprptit rank, rae ocymecraaserca nepHOHaualbHoe OTaeNe- Hue u yzanenue (oreo) HedrenponyKTos » CGopHbil Tank Hedbru. B c6opliom TaHKe HedrenponyKrb! oTcranpaiotca mM BCHIRBAIOT, T.€. OHH daCTHYHO OTAEAMOTCH OT BOM, TAK UTOOLI JATL BOIMOMKHOCTh UMANMY U AXOZALNMCA BO BIBEUIEHHOM COCTOMHMH MexaHHeCKHM NpuMecaM OcecTD Ha AHO TaHKa. 3arem HedrenponyKrer HacocoM NpoKaNMpaloTea Yepes CONCHOMANBIA Kanan 8 chopiiii Tank Hedprenporykton, a omymvona (HB) nosaéres apyri raco- COM BO BTOpylo cryneHs OUNeTKH, Bo BTopoli crynéHy netynaior e aeiicTene 2KHBLIe opranusmet (Gare pull), araxya HedrenponyKrsr copepxammecs. 8 BORE. Ito Dpoucxogur cne- AyioulMM o6pa3om, Hedreconepaainas Bona npoKaunpaerca Yepe3s HOCHTeENL KaTQIM3a1Opa, MPCNCTABIAOUIMH COOH Matpuity CoToROH KoucTpyKuun, Ha KOropoH pacnouaraiores, NpukpeneHHble Oaktepuu, crocobusie paspyuaTe yraenonoponei HedrenpoxyKton. Bakrepuit Bpiienator nomncaxapus, Tak HaabiBaem sii “GuorormuecKuii Knell”, KOTOpEI Mpouno cBA3bIBAcT OaKTepH C HOCHTENeM kaTamM3atopa, 1 HAMeHAIOT CKOPOCTL XHMAYCCKUX peakuHii, a caMH OaktepHu OcTaroTes Ge3 uamentenna. Jror Guonornuecknh mpouecc ceouwt Ao MHHUMYMa yHoc Gaxre- pili noroKom Bow, pOxoAAUIeH Sepes CHCTeMy KaTanusaTopa. Hetrenpoayxret 4 cpazanune c HHMM sarpaSHMOLHE YaACrHLbl paspy- WaioTes B TOM GHOTOTHeCKOM Es10e, B CHIAy Toro, “To GaKrepun daxTHUecKH “epenaior” yrnenoroponu! nedrenposykron. Jletepreint a pyre aMynbra- TOpbl YCkOpstOT Mpotlecc, HockoAbKY OHM paznaraloT nedrenponyKT Ha Gostee Menkue 4acTHItbt 26 Puc. 14, Buenmusii ana cenapatopa nepreconepxauuax Rog “ HETPOJIAMAHATOP-630" Tperns pava win oxoxuarennHas ouMcTka HB 3aKmoyaercs B TOM, TO nponomKaerca NanbHefiice Ro3nelicTRMe Oakrepuii Ha OcraRIiMecs HedTenpo- JYKTEI H TREPAbe YaCTHUbI Nepel TEM, Kak OUHUICHHAA Rosa OyseT yiranena 3a opt. B Orauve OT HEKOTODLIX TpagHULMOHHbIX CHCreEM, B 9TOM CenapaTope OCYMICTBIRETCH HENpepuBHUl KOHTPOAL conepAHNA HedrenpoayKros B OUUICHHOH BOLE. Bee npoueccs 8 cenaparope noanocrpio asromarHsnpoBainl 2neKTpON- HoH cueremoli ympasncuua. Cenapatop paccauTar Ha KpyrsocyTouryio padory ¢ npou3Bog_uTedsHocrsio 11 TOHH B CyTKH. : Ycopeputenctsonanne yctanonok Tuna “IIETPOJIMMHAHATOP-6530” nyréM nilecenua cyuecrseniuix uaMenenuii Bp xonerpyKUHo oTAeTLHLIX OMeMeLITOR H TeXHOMOrMIO OYHCTKH, MO3BOMUNH oGecneuHTL B ycTaHOBKaX HocsenHero NHOKoNeHHs HempepsiBHYlo paSory B HOMMOCTEIO aBTOMaTHUeCKOM pexume 6e3 yuactus o6cnysxuBaiomero nepconana 10 30 cyToK. Ilpu >ToM coaepxanne He@ru Ha BbIxofe He Mperbiuiao 5 Mu/a, aro HORTBEpx:LeHO Beperoroi oxpanoii CHIA # mpeactaurenem HMKO. Ha neproi crauv OUHCTKY ITO AOCTHPHYTO 3a CHET: - mon60pa HOBBIX MaTepManoR 1 ONTAMHBauHH (bH3HuecKOH KOM@urypalkMH KOATECHMPYIOWWHX QUALTPYIOWX I1EMEHTOBS t - NOMepxKahhA OUTHMAILHON TeMnepatypbl foporpesa HB — He spuue 35 °C, - Soulee COBepUIeEHHOrO YAaNIeHHA H3BNeYeHHOH.Ha NepBoi cragun Hedin v3 HB. g Ha sropoli cragun owerxu 910 a0cTHrHyTO onTHMNZaLIHel Napamerpos Ghopasnomenna, 3a cue:~ HOsepxaHHa sHa4eHHi pH or 6 yo 8, sip remneparype or 10 a0 35 oe; = paseUTHA KYIBTYpH! MUxpoGos CHOCOGHEIX aiibeKTHBHO paspyiiaTe oMysIb- cun HB; - COBSPUICHCTBOBAHHA CHCTEMb! ASPHPOBANMA WA CHAGAEHMA HOCTAaTOUHDIM KOMMYECTBOM KUcnOpoTa; > BBegcHua B HB crequanbHbix MUHepanbubIx corci. Pesyanrare: paSorb: ycosepiienctaosammix yeranosox “IETPOJIM- MHHATOP-630” oxazaquch HacToabKo 2bexTHAKBIMH, 4TO MpHEATO peule- Hue, Ha Kopa6nax BM® CILIA, npov3sectu 3amMeny cenaparopuoro 4 bunET- pyloulero oGopyoBaHHA Ha cenapaTOpEl B KOTOPLIX Ha MepBoM 9sTaNe peani- 30BaH @usndeckni MeTor, a Ha BTOpom — SHomorHuecKuii MeTOa ouncTKH HB. 3.12, CEMAPATOP HE®TECOAEPKALNHX BOA “RWO” Yerpoiicrso cenaparopa “RWO”. Cenapatopsi tana “RWO” ucnprra- Mbt M Aonyulenb! « 3Kc-niyaTaunu TepMancKum JInoiigom B coorsctersHn ¢ peGonaaamn Kousenuun. Yeraroskn “RWO” nonyaum of06penue 30 Mrorax crpauax: CLUA, Poccnu, Monpum, Janun, Venanauu, Hopsernu, Tonnangun a ap. Crenent ouncrkn ocne o6pabotku HB Menee 6 Ms/n. Cxema ycraHopKH Ala QUNCTKH Hedrecone pxKalIUX JILANLHEIX BOA Mpencrapnena Ha puc. 15, Cena- paTop cocToHT u3 rpaRHTanoHHoro cenaparopa | Tuna GSF ¢ nopRorsmiamu 4 OTBOJALLUMH TpyOONpoRoaMH M LOMOTHHTEHO BKMOUeHHOrO (puTETpa 17. SxcweHTpuKosbiit BHHTOROK Hacoc 14.cenapaTopa, pacrionoxKeH Ha On HOM (pyHaaMeHTe ¢ CenapaTopoM H @HIbTPOM, H MMeeT 3aulUTy OT paGoTEI BCYXYtO, UIA Yero OH ODOpys10RaH COMEHOHAHEIM KianaHoM 16. Tipu padote, Hacoc 14 3acackipaeT HB 3 BAN MAUINHHOFO OTeIeHHA HM MogaeT cé B BEPXHIOIO FACT [paBHTaLIHOHHOrO cenapatopa 1. [pasurayHouHEHi cenaparop TpeawHasnadeH (UIA NpeABapHTeADHOH OuMcTKH HB, yo cogepkanna Hedrenpo- ayxtos menee 100 mad, 1.€. ana pasvenenma rpyOogucneprmpowanneix HedyrAHbix auyapcuit. Kopmyc ceriapatopa npencrannacr co6oii caapHyro KOHCTpyKnito 13 CANIM, 3AUJHULCHHY!O OF KOPpOSHH ¢ BHYTpeHHeh wv HapyxKHO cTOpoH cnoaMH aHTHxopposniinoro toKppiTas, cToliKoro mpoTaa 3a60pTHoM BogLL. CKapysx TpaBuTalHOHHEI cenaparop OSopyAORaN NpexoxpauUTebHLIM KjanaHom 4, MaHOMeTpoM 5, BEIBOAaMM OT AATUHKOB 3 u 6, ONperenaroUUX comepxKaHHeE HedTenpoaykror B konnmakax cenapatopa. CoOpasuimeca B KosIMaKe cenapato- pa nedyrenpoayxrsi orBonaTes vepe3 MHeBMaTHueckHe TopuIeREIe KAanauLt 7, 8 cOopHeii Tanx Hedrenpoaykros 13. Konrpossupie kpanei 21 caysxar aya BU3YANBHOrO KOHTPONA HaM4HA HeIbrempouyKTOR B KOJMaKax cenapatopa. Puc. 15. Cxesra yeranonna “RWO" L-xopuye cenaparopa; 2nynbt yupasnenna: 3-poinoa01 pata KoutpoaR couepamaUKE nedrenponyiron; 4-npezoxpanutexnmti Knataa, S-masomerp, 6-bolsombl . narunka KON IPOsI ComepxAHHA HeiyrerponyETOR, T-nHenmoaBTOMATHUECKHE MOPULEBKIC KutaTalib! copoca HerenposyKros & COopuEti TaUK; 8- sHeKIPOTHEDMATHYECKMA KuarlaH BOsBpATa JbAALNOH HOA NPM nossUNerAe nedrecogepaauuA 9 uel poe 15 mali; 9 TOANpy-xxieHiaH Knanatt china nojt 3a Gopr; 10-xpatt nozaHHt BonB! AUK HOMBRE 11 aBapHHKbiN aTeHK CHTHAMAUMA DpH TOBLIEIELUE HedTecOMep KARMA B CTANACMOH no.Te spi 15 nov; 12-npan enna sompy, 13-cGopaniit rari HebrenposyKtos, [4-naHToROl Hacoc: 15-aanopno-venosmpanturii knanan wbixoa anCro nox, 16-concnon ust aman SaLIMTDL BHELTOOTO Hacoca; 17-KopHye (pHbIpA; IS-Kpant yrlancHHa acdyrenpoayeTon 4 Bosstyxa; 19-manomerp, 20-uad) asapuliniol carrannsaunn; 21-Kpann cnana Hedtenpo- AYKTOR 9 cenaparopa; 22-KpaM yaaneuMs NosMyNa Hy cenapaTopa; 23- KoIponKitas KHONKA paGOrs! cHeTeMt aBTOMATAKH: 24-1IABHbIM BbILMOMATENS CHCTeMht aBTOMATHKH 25-sanopmuit xnanan mexay ceaparopom H (piibt PON, 29Bosayumsrii kpan 22 npearasHaven sna BEInycka Bo3myxa H3 Cenlapato- pa B MepHog ero 3anomHeHHA. Bowa, cozepxaulaa HedrenponyKTEl NpOXosUT Yepe3 PPaBUTaLMOHHEM cenapatop 4 moctynaet B dunetp 17. DunsTp c unbrpyoulMM TaTpoHOM HK 3auvCTHKIM TpyOonpoRONOM NpeAHa3Ha¥eH JUIA TOHKO o4NCTKH HB 20 octaTounoro HedreconepKanna - 5 Mavs. CoOpapuinecd B KONMMake (buNbTpPa HedTeMposyKTb! OTBOARTCA Yepe3 ynpabiaembiii Bpy4Hyto BOIAYWHBIK Kpak 18. JlapsenHe B CHCTeMe HB KOpIy- ce WHabTpa MOwepKHBAcTCA NOANPYKMHCHHBIM CJMBHDIM KanaHoM Ha BbINYCKE OYHULEHHOM Bob. CreneHb OTAEIEHHA HedIeNpOAYKTOB OT BOMB ABIACTCA NOCTOAHHOM Lp HawiekHu Ao 0.2 MITa. Mosromy npa ocroxHHOM: Zassennu 0,1 Mila 8 kopnyce duierpa # noppuueHnn aaeieHus 3 cenaparope no 0.25 Mila ssnseTca mpH3HakoM 3arpa3HeHus @wAbTpyroLucro NMatpoua, Koropsiii HeoGxo_HMmo 3amcHnty. KoncrpyktHBHo kopnyc usTpa BbINOAHCH avalor4ko Kopnycy cenapatopa. unvrp 17 cHaGxer dpunsrpytouuM narpoHoM c¢ BBICOKOI crencHBIO auerkn. Cuapyxxn dbiurp oGopyrioBan Manomerpom 19 1 Kpanom 18 4epe3 koroptiii co6panmueca n xonnake quautpa Hedrenpoaykts! MoryT OTBO- AMTLCA OOpaTHo B ABSA. Tpy6onposog cucremsi abifa4un (capa 3a Gopt) orcenlapupopaHHoit Bo- abi o6opynoBan: - NOAMpyKAHEHHEIM 3aNOPHO-HeBO3BpaTHBIM KsIallaHoM 15, oTpery- JIMpOBaHHBIM Ha JaBTeHHe 0,05 MITa; = RATYNKOM aBapHANO! cHrHanManN 11, cpaGarsiRAOMMi npH 3Ha- YeHUSX COMep>xKaHHA Het)-TemponyKTOB B BOE Gonee 15 Mi/A; - MOAMpyKHHEHHEIM 3aMOpHEIM KsaMaHOM CNMBa BOI 32 Oopt, ¢ QHala30HOM HacTpoiiKH oT 0,05 MITa no 0,10 MIla; - STEKTPONHEBMATHYECKHM KialaHOM, MpeAHA3HAeHHBIM fsa BO3- BDala BOAbI B /bAsa IPH 3HAYCHHAX COMePKAHHA HEPTEMPOAYKTOB B BOLE Goaee 15 ma/n. Tpwnuun seiicrsua cenapatopa “RWO”. Cxema asmxcuun HB 3 ce- napatopHoit ycraxosKe “RWO” nokasana Ha pic 16. Hacoc nom aaBicHuem nlogact sAbAsIbHy!O BOAY B rpasHTaulMoKNEt cenaparop | no tpySonpoBony 2. B Kopnyce cenapatopa, 3a cueT NpHHyAUTeNbUOl UAMPkyALHH MOTOK cMeCH MpOXOAHT CHcTeEMy KOMBUCBHIX KAMEP, CedeHHe KOTOPBIX paccUHTAHBI Tak, sT06bI NlojteemHaa cHsIa HedrenpoAyKTOB B NpOTHBOTOKE Mpeosoniesa noBepx- HocTHoe TpeHHe B Bose H HetprenpomyKtel, TakHM OGpa30M, TODHHMAAHCh B BepxHlolo Hace cenaparopa. Sromy mpoueccy cHocoGcrByIoT yuacTKH 3aMen- eH HW YCKOpeHus, a Taloke MogorpeR SMy.ILCHM B 3MeeBUKe 6, TAK 4TOOLI Jake Menbuailine Gacruilbl HETeNnpOAYKTOR OFINH OTENCHH! OT BOB. OTMeNeHHEIe OT BODE HedhrenpoyKTs! COOupaloTcA B KONMaKe 4 cema- paTopa, B IBYX pa3ieNeHHLIX Apyr OT Tpyra ypaBHHTesIbHbIX KaMepax. Konn- 30 uecTRo OTAeNMBIINXca HeiprenpomyxTor perucrpupyetca arunKamH 3c MYBCTBHTEIGHMIMH 3IEMEHTAMH WH CHCTeMoii aBTOMATHYeCKOrO KOHTpOMS. Co6panuivecs B KONMake cemapaTopa HedrenpofykTs! OTBOAATCA Yepes MBA MHeBMATHYECKHX NOPIWHEBEIX Kafana 5 MpesBapHTeMbHO OTperyMpoRAHHDIX Ha fapeHue Boznyxa or 0,40 MIla 10 0,60 MMa p cOopHbiii Tank Hecprenpo- ayxtos 13 Ha pue. 15. Bola, npexBapuTenbyO OYHULEHHAA OT He*renpoxyKTOB Ao 3HayeHHit MeHee yem 100 Mii/n H, B OCHOBHOM, OcBOOOxKJeHHas OT MeXaHMYeCKHX NpH- Meceii noctynaet B dbuabtp 8, B KOTOpoM, mpoxouA 4epe3 durETpyrounit HaTpou 9 w 3a4KcTHbIe TpyOKH OYHMAeTCA QO OCTaTOYHOrO CodepxaHHa B Heit Hedrenpogyxros 5 mai/a. Co6pasmiveca B KONNake @unbTpa He*TeMpopykThI OTBOAATCA 4Yepes kpan 7, ynpabiacmbiii apy4Hyl WIH aBTOMaTHYcCKH. 3HaucHHe AaBCHHA oKosio 0,10 Ma s crereme 1 B kopnyce unutpa, noaepausactes roanpy- WHHCHHEIM K1aMaHOM CHIMBA CUMMeHHOH BoE 3a Gopt. TaKaa nacTpotika oBecreuneaer HopManLity!o paSory cenapatopa 4 cToK HedrenponyKros B copubiii TaHK. Bxon Hedteconepramett TbATBHOR BOR Puc. 16. Cxema anipkettis verprecorepyxatiteH nbs1sHoH ROB! R CemtapaTope K (pieTETpe 1-Kopnyc certaparopa; 2- tpyGonponoa sxona HB a cenaparop; 3-aeoas anextpoz0s; 4- pepx-Hiit KoaTIa COopa Heipru; S-nHesMoasToMaTHNtecKHe Mopitiensie Kranaxa c6poca ned; 6-aMeennk oBorpera ImyaKcnn: T-cnyckioll xpan Hedy 2 KOAnaKa cbwumTpa; 8 kopnye baastpa; 9~pisibrpyiomnit tatpoH. Tipemauie 1 Hanopunie narpyOxn coequHenst Galinacom Manoro aNa- MeTpa, KOTOpLI cy KUT 3aMBTOH OT paboTEI BCyXylO JO Tex Nop, oka HarHe- TaTenbHBIi TpyOonpowog He 3aNonHUTCA Bono. Ha Gaiinace ycTaHoRseH COMCHOMAHEIM KanMaH, MOAKMIOUeHHBIA K CHCTeMe NlycKa Hacoca, KOTOppIii OTKpEIBaeTCA, MOcne BBONA ero B eiiCTBHe. 31