TCI Co.

Ltd

Effects of liposomal encapsulation on vitamin C

absorption and metabolism

Executive Unit: National Taiwan University Hospital

Client: TCI CO., LTD

Principal Investigator: Dr. Jaw-Shiun Tsai

 TCI Co., Ltd
EVE Lab
Efficacy, Value, Experience

Report No. 2020E03004 1

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EVE Lab
Efficacy, Value, Experience

IRB Certification of Approval

Report No. 2020E03004 2

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EVE Lab
Efficacy, Value, Experience
1. Preface
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the oral delivery efficacy of

liposomal-encapsulated vitamin C via clinical trial.

2. Materials and Methods

2.1 Sample and Dosage
2.1.1 Lipo Vit C: 1000 mg Vitamin C

2.1.2 Non-Lipo Vit C: 1000 mg Vitamin C

2.2 Subject selection

2.2.1 Number of subjects

11 subjects

2.2.2 Inclusion criteria

Healthy adults aged 20-60 years old (without heart, liver, kidney,

endocrine and other major organic diseases)

2.2.3 Exclusion criteria

(1) Renal disease patient

(2) Cancer patient

(3) Underweight (BMI ≦ 17) or obesity (BMI ≧ 27)

(4) People who take drugs for chronic diseases

(5) Systolic blood pressure ≧130 mmHg or diastolic blood

pressure ≧85 mmHg

(6) Glucose AC ≧ 100 mg/dL

(7) Triglyceride ≧ 150 mg/dL、Total-Cholesterol ≧ 200 mg/dL

(8) Vitamin C allergic reaction

(9) People with mental illness

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 TCI Co., Ltd
EVE Lab
Efficacy, Value, Experience
(10) Female who is pregnant or nursing

(11) People with hemochromatosis

(12) People with calculus of kidney

(13) People who take vitamin C as a supplement for a long time (at

least 200 mg per day, maintain for more than a month)

2.3 Study design

This study adopts a two-stage design. Subjects need to participate in a total

of 2 tests after joining the trial. After each test is completed, an interval of 14 days

(wash-out period) is required before the next test can be performed (1st test→

wash-out 14 days→ 2nd test). Subjects must fast for 8 hours before testing. The

plasma vitamin C concentration is measured at baseline (0 hours) and 0.5, 1, 2, 3,

4, and 8 hours after ingestion of the test sample.

The values of results are expressed as Mean ± SD. A student t-test is

performed to assess the difference. Differences with p < 0.05 are considered

statistically significant. The study flow chart is as follows:

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Efficacy, Value, Experience

2.4 Test item

Plasma concentrations of vitamin C

3. Results
A total of 10 subjects have completed the trial. The subjects were informed to

consume one sachet Lipo Vit C or Non-Lipo Vit C every test. During the trial,

there were no any discomforts reported by the subjects.

The circulating concentration of vitamin C in plasma before and after

consuming the test sample is shown in Figure 1. The vitamin C concentrations of

the Lipo Vit C group were higher than the Non-Lipo Vit C group, which showed

that Lipo Vit C has better bioavailability and can last up in the body to 8 hours.

The area under the curve (line chart) of vitamin C content in plasma before

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 TCI Co., Ltd
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Efficacy, Value, Experience
and after consuming 8 hours was calculated according to Figure 1. The AUC of

Lipo Vit C is 86.29 g×hr/mL and the AUC of Non-Lipo Vit C is 37.08 g×hr/mL

(Figure 2). The bioavailability of Lipo Vit C was higher than Non-Lipo Vit C by

133%. Calculation formula=[(86.29-37.08)/37.08]×100%=133%.

The results showed that liposomal encapsulation technology can enhance the

bioavailability of vitamin C.

4. Conclusion
The vitamin C concentrations in plasma of Lipo Vit C group after the

liposomal encapsulation technology was higher than the Non-Lipo Vit C group,

which showed that Lipo Vit C has better bioavailability and provides the

supplementary benefit of vitamin C.

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 TCI Co., Ltd
EVE Lab
Efficacy, Value, Experience
Lipo Vit C (1000 mg Vit C)
Non-Lipo Vit C (1000 mg Vit C)
20.0
Plasma Vitamin C (g/mL)

** **
15.0 **
* *
* * *
10.0
* *

5.0 *

0.0
0 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Time (Hour)
-5.0

Figure 1. Changes in the concentrations of vitamin C in plasma at various time

points before (time = 0 hour) and after consuming the test sample. (Comparison of
Lipo Vit C and Non-Lipo Vit C at each time point: **p<0.01; *p<0.05)

100.00
Area Under Curve (g×hr/mL)

80.00

60.00

40.00 86.29

20.00 37.08

0.00
Lipo Vit C Non-Lipo Vit C
(1000 mg Vit C) (1000 mg Vit C)

Figure 2. The plasma concentration-time curve of vitamin C before (time = 0 hour)

and after consuming the test sample.

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