Narrative Script:

Slide 1:
Good Day Everyone! I am Richard F. Balte, your reporter for today’s discussion.
I’ll be tackling 3 topics under EMERGING SUSTAINABLE TECHNOLOGIES. So, what are we waiting
for? let’s get started.

Slide 2:
So we have here the Topics covered/outline. I’ll be discussing 3 topics namely, Heat Storage, PV
System Sizing, and lastly Conducting a Power Load Analysis.

Slide 3:
HEAT STORAGE
What comes in your mind when you hear the word Heat Storage?

Anyone could be thinking about storing heat and so am I. Technology has come on in leaps and
bounds when it comes to renewable energy. And Energy is a very important part of this. It just
means na maaari tayong makapag store ng renewable energy at gamitin ito kung kinakailangan
anytime sa tulong ng ating Teknolohiya.

There are lots of ways to store energy as heat means renewables such as solar panels and heat
pumps.
Now let’s take a closer look at how thermal energy storage works.

Slide 4:
What is Thermal Energy Storage?
Thermal energy storage o kilala rin sa tawag na Heat storage, kadalasang na ginagamit ito sa
ating mga tahanan kung tag-lamig sa pamamagitan ng heater at pagpapanatili ng init ng tubig
through storing.

Meron tayong several ways to store heat by means of utilizing solar panels, heat pumps, and
biomass boiler as shown in the picture below.

Slide 5:
How do Thermal Energy system works?

We have here 2 examples of Heat Storage. The first one, is Thermal stores such as hot water
tanks.
May kakayanan itong mag store ng heat in the form of hot water na kayang panataliin ang
temperature o init nito for several hours. Kumbaga maikukumpara ko ito sa isang Thermos na
kayang magstore ng hot water at i-maintain ang init ng tubig sa loob ng mahabang oras. Ang
pinagkaiba lamang nito, ang Thermal stores specifically ng hot water tanks ay malaking storage
at Malaki ang kapasidad na mag store ng galloon of water, samantalang ang Thermos na gamit
natin sa ating mga bahay ay ang small version nito.

Isa rin sa halimbawa ng device na kaya mag store ng heat ay ang Heat Batteries. Sa
pamamagitan ng Latent Heat, kaya ng batteries na ito na mag store ng energy as heat at
magamit upang paganahin ang iba’t-ibang device tulad na lamang ng solar PV at wind turbines.

Slide 6:
Let us now move on with the 2nd topic for today’s discussion: PV System Sizing
What it is and why it’s important?
Slide 7:
Let us first have a background about Solar PV System.
What is Solar PV system?
Solar Photovoltaic System is one of renewable energy systems which uses PV modules na
makikita nyo sa picture sa bandang ibaba ng presentation. Ang electricity na nagegenerate ng
Solar Panels ay maaring i-store or gamitin directly sa ating mga appliances sa ating bahay.

What are the Major Components of a Solar PV system?

Mayroon tayong iba’t-ibang components ng Solar PV system gaya nalamang ng inverter, battery
bank, loads, energy sources at maraming pang iba na ating tatalakayin in succeeding slides.

Slide 8:
Isa sa mga major components ng Solar PV system ay ang “PV module” na kadalasang kilala ng
karamihan bilang Solar Panel. May kakayanan itong mag convert ng sunlight into usable
electrical energy.

“Solar Charge Controller”, on the other hand, functions as regulator o nagpapanatili ng voltahe
na pumapasok sa PV panels paputanng battery. It also prevents battery from overcharging as to
to prolong its battery life.

Next is Inverter, it stores energy for supplying to electrical appliances when there is a demand.
Sa madaling salita, ito ay ang nag susupply ng electrical energy para gumana at magamit natin
ang mga appliances natin sa ating mga bahay.

Slide 9:
We also have Battery as major components of a Solar PV system, as well as Loads, and Auxiliary
Energy Sources.

Pamilyar na ang karamihan sainyo sa Battery, kumbaga pag sinabing battery mayroon itong
stored energy na maaring gamitin anytime at anywhere.

Ang Load naman na tinutukoy dito ay ang mga appliances sa ating bahay na nagcoconsume ng
electricity na konektado sa ating PV system gaya nalamang ng lights, radio, TV, computer.
Refrigerator, etc.

Lastly, we have Auxiliary Energy Sources, it can be a diesel generator or other renewable
sources as shown in the picture below.

Slide 10:

We have here 2 Types of Photovoltaic Systems:

First one Off Grid or autonomous PV system, they produce power independently of the utlitiy
grid
Next one is, Grid-connected PV system which interface with the utility grid.
Mayroon tayo ritong figure na nag papakita ng comparison ng itsura o installation ng PV system
sa ating mga tahanan. Una ang “Stand-Alone Off-grid PV system” na kung ating mapapansin,
after nitong makapagkalap ng electrical energy direkta itong naiidistribute o ginagmit ng
tinatawag nating Loads gaya ng TV, refrigerator, laptops, etc.

Sa kabilang banda, ang “Grid-connected PV system” naman, ang nakakalap nitong electrical
energy ay direkta namang napupunta sa Power Company. Sa madaling salita ito ay hinaharvest
ng mga Power Company.

Slide 11:
Solar PV System Sizing
To compute for the total PV Panels energy needed,

First Calculate the total Watt-hour per day for each appliance used.
Then, Calculate total Watt-hours per day needed from the PV modules.

We have here Example: A house has the following electrical appliance usage: Given the values,
we can now solve for Total PV Panels energy needed.

Total Appliance use = (18W x 4hrs.) + (60W x 2hrs.) + (75W x 24 x 0.5hrs.) = 1.092Watt-hour/day

Then solve for, Total PV Panels energy needed by multiplying 1.3

Slide 12: To solve for the size of the PV modules First, we need to calculate the total Watt-peak
rating needed for PV modules Then, Calculate the no. of PV Panels for the system Now that we
already know the steps, we can now start solving for Number of PV Panels needed.
Slide 13:
To solve for the Inverter Sizing.

Add the Total Watt of all appliances

For Safety, the inverter should be considered 25-30 percent bigger size. The Inverter size should
be about 190Watt or greater.

Slide 14:
To Solve for Battery Sizing

First, Calculate the total Watt-hours/day used by appliances.

Then, Divide the total Watt-hours/day used by 0.85 for battery loss.
Next, Divide the answer obtained in item 4.2 by 0.6 for depth of discharge.
and, Divide the answer obtained in item 4.3 by the nominal battery voltage.
Lastly, Multiply the answer obtained in item 4.4 with days of autonomy to get the required ampere-hour
capacity of deep-cycle battery.

Now let’s try to solve for the Battery Sizing using the given.

Slide 15:

To solve for Solar Charge Controller Sizing

Solar charge controller rating = Total short circuit of PV array x 1.3

Slide 16: CONDUCTING A POWER LOAD ANALYSIS

Slide 17:
In Conducting a Power Load Analysis
The first step in the process of investigating a PV system for a home or small business is to calculate the
power load. A thorough examination of electricity needs of the building helps determine:

The size of the system needed

How energy needs fluctuate throughout the day and over the year.

Measures that can be taken to reduce electricity use and increase the efficiency.

Selectable Loads are equipment that use electricity intermittently (e.g., night lights, appliances, power
tools).

Phantom Loads equipment with continuous energy consumption that is not readily apparent (e.g., radio,
TV, appliance control/indicator, power strip) and must be recorded.
Slide 18:
In conducting a Power Load Analysis, we can just apply the steps in the previous slide that we have
discussed.

Slide 19 & 20:

We have here Table 25.9 which provides information on selectable and phantom loads.

In the first, first column we have Appliance or Piece of Equipment.

In the second Colum we have Connected load, Actual load, and Phantom load which are under Power
Requirement.

We can just search or navigate the Watts or Volt Ampere for the General Appliances, Kitchen appliances,
Household Appliances, Lights, and lastly Heating/Cooling Equipment.

Slide 21:
Do you have any questions? Don’t hesitate to ask.
Send it to us! We hope you learned something new.