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import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
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class Solution {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<String> strings = new ArrayList<String>();
        strings.add("Hello, World!");
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}
/*
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Throughout this interview, we'll write code to analyze a simple server process
uptime log. These logs are
much simplified, and are just strings of space separated 0's and 1's. The log is a
string of binary
digits (eg "0 0 1 0"). Each digit corresponds to 1 hour of the server running:
"1" = <crashed>, "down" // server process crashed during the hour
"0" = <didn't crash>, "up" // server process did not crash during the hour
EXAMPLE: A server with log "0 0 1 0" ran for 4 hours and its process crashed during
hour #3
   hour: |1|2|3|4|
   log : |0|0|1|0|
              ^
              |
             down during hour #3
We can *permanently remove* a server at the beginning of any hour during its
operation. A server
is on the network until it is removed. Note that a server stays POWERED ON after
removal, it's
just not on the network.
We'd like to understand the best times to remove a server. So let's introduce an
aggregate metric called a "penalty" for removing a server at a bad time.
EXAMPLE: Remove a server with log "0 0 1 0"
    hour : | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
    log : | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
remove_at: 0 1 2 3 4 // remove_at being `x` means "server removed before hour
`x+1`"
            ^ ^
            | |
     before hour #1 after hour #4
We define our penalty like this:
+1 penalty for each DOWN hour when a server is on the network
+1 penalty for each UP hour after a server has been removed
Further Examples:
   hour : 1 2 3 4 // total penalty = 3 (3 server-up hours after remove)
   log : 0 0 1 0
           ^
           |
         remove_at = 0
   hour : 1 2 3 4 // total penalty = 2 (1 server-down hour before remove + 1
server-up hour after remove)
   log : 1 0 1 0
             ^
             |
           remove_at = 2
   hour : 1 2 3 4 // total penalty = 1 (1 server-down hour before remove)
   log : 0 0 1 0
                   ^
                   |
                 remove_at = 4
Note that for a server log of length `n` hours, the remove_at variable can range
from 0, meaning "before the first hour"‍
‍to n, meaning "after the final hour".
‌
1a)
Write a function: compute_penalty, that computes the total penalty, given
a server log (as a string) AND
a time at which we removed the server from the network (call that variable
remove_at)
In addition to writing this function, you should use tests to demonstrate that it's
correct.
## Examples
compute_penalty("0 0 1 0", 0) should return 3
compute_penalty("1 0 1 0", 2) should return 2
compute_penalty("0 0 1 0", 4) should return 1
*/