CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS & A LEVEL PHYSICS: COURSEBOOK

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Coursebook answers
Chapter 4
Self-assessment questions 5 a  contact force

1 a  force of parachute
= 2000 N

direction
of 60°
travel
weight of parachutist 30°
= 1000 N 500 N

b force upwards = 2000 − 1000 = 1000 N b c omponent of weight down slope = 500
upwards sin 30° = 250 N
c  he will accelerate upwards (i.e.,
S c  he contact force of the slope is a normal
T
decelerate). reaction, so it is at 90° to the slope.
2 a 
Yes, the ship is in equilibrium, because d Friction; up the slope
it travels at a constant velocity (not 6 a 
component of acceleration parallel to
accelerating, so no resultant force acting slope = 9.81 × sin 25° = 4.1 m s−2
on it).
 et force down slope = 40 × 9.81 ×
b n
b U
 pthrust is equal and opposite to weight sin 25° − 80 = 85.8
of boat, as it is floating, so = 1000 kN acceleration = 8540.8 = 2.1 m s−2
c  ecause the velocity is constant, we know
B 7 a sum of clockwise moments = sum of
that the drag is equal and opposite to the anticlockwise moments
force of the engines, so = 50 kN 400 × 0.20 = F × 1.20
vertical component of force = weight −
3 a  so, force required is F = 4001.×200.20 = 67 N
upthrust = 2.5 − 0.5 = 2.0 N downwards b s um of clockwise moments = sum of
horizontal component of force = 1.5 N anticlockwise moments
so, resultant force is obtained from R2 = 400 × 0.20 = F × 0.50
(2.0)2 + (1.5)2 = 6.25 so, force on legs of wheelbarrow is
so, R = 2.5 N
angle = tan−1 12..50 = 37° to vertical F = 4000×.500.20 = 160 N

b No, there is a net force acting upon it.
8 a 
4 W
 ith rope horizontal, the force pulling the
box is F. With the rope at an angle θ to the
horizontal, the horizontal component
(= F cos θ) is less, since cos θ is less than 1.
Remember that weight = mg, and that
the acceleration g is the same for all the
masses; in our moments equation, g
cancels out from both sides.
sum of clockwise moments = sum of
anticlockwise moments
(100 × 30) + (10 × 45) = M × 20
so, mass M = 300020+ 450 = 172.5 ≈ 173 g

Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics – Sang, Jones, Chadha & Woodside
1 © Cambridge University Press 2020
 CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL AS & A LEVEL PHYSICS: COURSEBOOK

b B
 y this method, weighing could be carried c s um of clockwise moments = 2.5 + 2.5 =
out with a limited selection of relatively 5 N m = sum of anticlockwise moments
small masses. so, yes, the moments are balanced
c  pwards force at pivot = sum of the
U 10 torque = force × radius, so
weights of M, the 100 g and the 10 g mass
= (0.1725 + 0.110) × 9.81 force = torque
radius
= 0137
.18
= 761 N ≈ 760 N

= 2.77 N
9 a, b F1 = 0 N m
F2 = 10 × 0.25 = 2.5 N m clockwise
F3 = 10 sin 30° × 0.50 = 2.5 N m clockwise
F4 = 5 × 1.0 = 5 N m anticlockwise

Cambridge International AS & A Level Physics – Sang, Jones, Chadha & Woodside
2 © Cambridge University Press 2020