A line drawn on a chart which joins all points where the value of magnetic variation is

zero is called an:

a) aclinic line
b) isogonal
c) agonic line
d) isotach

061-007-002
A negative (westerly) magnetic variation signifies that:
a) True North is East of Magnetic North
b) True North is West of Magnetic North
c) Compass North is East of Magnetic North
d) Compass North is West of Magnetic North

061-007-003
At a specific location the value of magnetic variation:
a) depends on the magnetic heading
b) depends on the type of compass installed
c) varies slowly over time
d) depends on the value of true heading

061-007-004
At the magnetic equator:
a) Deviation is zero
b) Dip is zero
c) The isogonal is an agonic line
d) Variation is zero

061-007-005
Compass deviation is defined as the angle between:
a) the horizontal and the total intensity of the earth's magnetic field
b) True North and Compass North
c) True North and Magnetic North
d) Magnetic North and Compass North

061-007-006
Complete the following statement regarding magnetic variation:
The charted values of magnetic variation on earth normally change annually due to:
a) magnetic pole movement causing numerical values at all locations to
increase
b) magnetic pole movement causing numerical values at all locations to
increase or decrease
c) a reducing field strength causing numerical values at all locations to decrease
d) an increasing field strength causing numerical values at all locations to
increase
061-007-007
Deviation applied to magnetic heading gives:
a) magnetic track
b) compass heading
c) magnetic course
d) true heading

061-007-008
Isogonal lines converge as follows:
a) At the North and South Magnetic and Geographical Poles
b) At the North and South Magnetic Poles
c) At the Magnetic Equator
d) At the North Magnetic Pole

061-007-009
Isogonals are lines of equal:
a) compass deviation
b) magnetic variation
c) pressure
d) wind velocity

061-007-010
The agonic line:
a) Follows separate paths out of the North polar regions one currently running
through Western Europe and the other through the USA
b) is the shorter distance between the respective True and Magnetic North and
South poles
c) is midway between the magnetic North and South poles
d) follows the geographic Equator

061-007-011
The angle between True North and Magnetic North is called:
a) drift
b) deviation
c) variation
d) compass error

061-007-012
The horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field:
a) weakens with increasing distance from the nearer magnetic pole
b) is approximately the same at all magnetic latitudes less than 60°
c) is stronger closer to the magnetic equator
d) weakens with increasing distance from the magnetic poles

061-007-013
The lines on the earth's surface that join points of equal magnetic variation are
called:
a) isotachs
b) Isogrivs
c) Isoclines
d) Isogonals
061-007-014
The magnetic direction from the north magnetic pole to the north geographic pole is:
a) 090°
b) 180°
c) 000°
d) 360°

061-007-015
The north and south magnetic poles are the only positions on the earth's surface
where:
a) a position where the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field is a
maximum
b) a freely suspended compass needle will stand horizontal
c) a freely suspended compass needle would stand vertical
d) the value of magnetic variation equals 90°

061-007-016
The value of magnetic variation:
a) has a maximum of 180°
b) varies between a maximum of 45° East and 45° West
c) cannot exceed 90°
d) must be 0° at the magnetic Equator

061-007-017
What is the definition of magnetic variation?
a) The angle between Magnetic North and True North
b) The angle between the direction indicated by a compass and Magnetic North
c) The angle between True North and Compass North
d) The angle between Magnetic Heading and Magnetic North

061-007-018
What is the dip angle at the South Magnetic Pole?
a) 64°
b) 90°
c) 0°
d) 180°

061-007-019
What is the maximum possible value of Dip Angle?
a) 66°
b) 90°
c) 45°
d) 180°

061-007-020
Where is a compass most effective?
a) In the region of the magnetic South pole
b) In the region of the magnetic North pole
c) On the geographic Equator
d) About midway between the earth's magnetic poles
061-007-021
Which of the following conversions from True to Compass is the correct one?
............ T.....……V....……M...……D.. .……C
a) 130……..2W…....132…….+1……..131
b) 130……..2E……..132……..-1…….131
c) 130……..2W…....132……..-1……..131
d) 130……..2E……..132……..-1…….133

061-007-022
Which of the following statements concerning earth magnetism is completely
correct?
a) An isogonal is a line which connects places with the same magnetic variation;
the agonic line is the line of zero magnetic dip
b) An isogonal is a line which connects places with the same magnetic variation;
the aclinic is the line of zero magnetic dip
c) An isogonal is a line which connects places of equal dip; the aclinic is the line
of zero magnetic dip
d) An isogonal is a line which connects places with the same magnetic variation;
the aclinic connects places with the same magnetic field strength

061-007-023
Which of these is a correct statement about the Earth's magnetic field?
a) It may be temporary transient or permanent
b) It acts as though there is a large blue pole in Northern Canada
c) The angle of dip is the angle between the vertical and the total magnetic force
d) It has no effect on aircraft deviation

061-007-024
Position B is 240°T and 200 nm from A. If the position of A is 00°N/S 100°E, what is
the position of B?
a) 01°40'S 097°07'E
b) 01°40'S 101°40'E
c) 01°40'N 097°07'E
d) 01°40'N 101°40'E

061-007-025
The angle between Magnetic North and Compass North is called:
a) compass error
b) magnetic variation
c) compass deviation
d) alignment error

061-007-026
The force acting on the needle of a direct reading compass varies:
a) inversely with both vertical and horizontal components of the earth's magnetic
field
b) directly with the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field
c) directly with the vertical component of the earth's magnetic field
d) inversely with the horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field
An aircraft is over position A (55°30'N 060°15'W) where BBB VOR (53°30'N
060°15'W) can be received. The magnetic variation is 31W at A and 28W at
BBB. What is the radial from BBB?

a) 031°
b) 208°
c) 028°
d) 332°

011: CONVERSION ANGLE (8 Questions)

061-011-001
An aircraft passes A (60°00'N 120°00'W) on route to B (60°00'N 140°30'W). What is
the great circle track on departure from A?
a) 261°
b) 270°
c) 279°
d) 288°

061-011-002
An aircraft flies from A (45°S 010°W) to B (45°S 030°W). The true course of the
aircraft on its arrival at B, to the nearest degree is:
a) 277°
b) 263°
c) 270°
d) 284°

061-011-003
Given: A is at 55°N 000°E/W, B is at 54°N 010°E; the average course of the great
circle is 100°T. The course of the rhumb line at point A is:
a) 096°
b) 107°
c) 100°
d) 104°

061-011-004
Given: A is at 55°N 030°W; B is at 54°N 020°W; the Great Circle track from A to B
measured at A is 100°T. What is the Rhumb line bearing from A to B?
a) 090°T
b) 284°T
c) 100°T
d) 104°T

061-011-005
Position A is at 70°S 030°W, position B is at 70°S 060°E. What is the Great Circle
track of A to B, measured at A?
a) 048°T
b) 228°T
c) 090°T
d) 132°T

061-011-006
The angle between the true great-circle track and the true rhumb-line track joining
the following points: A (60° S 165° W) and B (60° S 177° E) at the place of departure
A is:
a) 9°
b) 15.6°
c) 5.2°
d) 7.8°

061-011-007
The Great Circle bearing from A (70°S 030°W) to B (70°S 060°E) is approximately:
a) 132°
b) 312°
c) 048°
d) 090°

061-011-008
What is the Rhumb Line track from A (45°00N 010°00W) to B (48°30N 015°00W)?
a) 315°T
b) 150°T
c) 215°T
d) 330°T
015: CONVERSIONS (4 Questions)

061-015-001
265 US-gal equals? (Specific gravity 0.80)
a) 862 kg
b) 803 kg
c) 940 kg
d) 895 kg

061-015-002
730 ft/min equals:
a) 3.7 m/sec
b) 1.6 m/sec
c) 5.2 m/sec
d) 2.2 m/sec

061-015-003
Convert 70 metres/sec into knots.
a) 54 kts
b) 146 kts
c) 136 kts
d) 36 kts

061-015-004
What is the weight in kilogrammes of 380 US Gallons at a Specific Gravity of 0.78?
a) 1,123 kgs
b) 543 kgs
c) 2,470 kgs
d) 5,434 kgs

061-018-001
An aircraft departing A(40°N 080°E) flies a constant track of 270°T at a ground speed
of 120 kts. What are the coordinates of the position reached in 6 hours?
a) 40°00'N 060°00'E
b) 40°00'N 070°30'E
c) 40°00'N 068°10'E
d) 40°00'N 064°20'E

061-018-002
An aircraft is at 10°N and is flying South at 444 km/hour. After 3 hours the latitude is:
a) 02°N
b) 10°S
c) 0°N/S
d) 02°S

061-018-003
An aircraft is flying around the Earth eastwards along the 60N parallel of latitude at a
groundspeed of 240 knots. At what groundspeed would another aircraft have to fly
eastwards along the Equator to fly once round the Earth in the same journey time?
a) 240 kts
b) 480 kts
c) 600 kts
 d) 120 kts

061-018-004
If an aircraft was to circle around the Earth following parallel 60°N at a ground speed
of 480 kts. In order to circle around the Earth along the equator in the same amount
of time it should fly at a ground speed of:
a) 240 kts
b) 960 kts
c) 480 kts
d) 550 kts

061-018-005
What is the time required to travel along the parallel of latitude 60°N between
meridians 010°E and 030°W at a groundspeed of 480 kts?
a) 5 hr 00 min
b) 1 hr 45 min
c) 2 hr 30 min
d) 1 hr 15 min

061-018-006
An aircraft at latitude 10° South flies north at a GS of 890 km/hr. What will its latitude
be after 1.5 hr?
a) 03°50N
b) 02°00N
An aircraft is planned to fly from A to B; distance 480 nm; average GS 240 kts.
It departs A at 1000 UTC. After flying 150 nm along track from A the aircraft is 2 min
behind planned time.
Using the actual GS experienced what is the revised ETA at B?
a) 1206
b) 1157
c) 1153
d) 1203

024: SOLAR SYSTEM (7 Questions)

061-024-001
Assuming mid-latitudes (40° to 50°N/S), at which time of year is the relationship
between the length of day and night, as well as the rate of change of declination of
the sun, changing at the greatest rate?
a) Winter solstice and autumn equinox
b) Spring equinox and autumn equinox
c) Summer solstice and winter solstice
d) Summer solstice and spring equinox

061-024-002
At what approximate date is the earth furthest from the sun (aphelion)?
a) Beginning of January
b) End of September
c) Beginning of July
d) End of December

061-024-003
Seasons are due to the:
a) Earth's elliptical orbit around the Sun
b) inclination of the polar axis with the ecliptic plane
c) Earth's rotation on its polar axis
d) variable distance between Earth and Sun

061-024-004
The angle between the plane of the Ecliptic and the plane of the Equator is
approximately:
a) 25.3°
b) 66.5
c) 27.5°
d) 23.5°

061-024-005
What is the highest latitude on the Earth at which the Sun can be vertically
overhead?
a) 23°
b) 45°
c) 0°
d) 66°

061-024-006
What is the reason for seasonal changes in climate?
a) Because of the difference between the Tropical Year and the Calendar Year
b) Because the Earth's spin axis is inclined to the plane of its orbit round the
Sun
c) Because the Earth's orbital speed round the Sun varies according to the time
of the year
d) Because the distance between the Earth and the Sun varies over a year
061-024-007
Which is the highest latitude listed below at which the sun will rise above the horizon
and set every day?
a) 72°
b) 68°
c) 62°
d) 66°
025: DAYS, YEARS & HOUR ANGLE (6 Questions)

061-025-001
At Greenwich the maximum time difference between the occurrence of mean noon
and apparent noon is approximately:
a) 1 min
b) 10 min
c) 5 min
d) 16 min

061-025-002
If the Greenwich hour angle is 240°, what longitude is this corresponding to?
a) 120°E
b) 110°W
c) 080°W
d) 160°E

061-025-003
In which two months of the year is the difference between the transit of the Apparent
Sun and Mean Sun across the Greenwich Meridian the greatest?
a) February and November
b) April and August
c) March and September
d) June and December

061-025-004
The length of a sidereal year is:
a) 365 days
b) 365 days 5 hrs 48.75 mins
c) 366 days
d) 365 days 6 hrs

061-025-005
The length of day/night varies with the declination of the Sun and the latitude of the
observer. In mid-latitudes (40°/50° N/S) the rate of change of the length of daylight is
greatest at:
a) The Equinoxes
b) The Solstices
c) Aphelion
d) Perihelion

061-025-006
The main reason that day and night throughout the year have different durations is
due to the:
a) relative speed of the sun along the ecliptic
b) gravitational effect of the Sun and the Moon on the speed of rotation of the
Earth
c) Earth's rotation
d) inclination of the Ecliptic to the Equator
061-033-001 3A
An Azimuthal or Plane projection:
a) is used for Lambert charts
b) is used for Polar Stereographic charts
c) is used for Oblique Mercator charts
d) is used for Direct Mercator charts

061-033-002
Cylindrical projections:
a) form the basis of Lambert charts
b) form the basis of Mercator charts
c) form the basis of Polar Stereographic charts
d) cannot form the basis of any chart used for navigation

061-033-003
It is essential that any chart used for navigation has the following property:
a) Bearings must be correctly represented
b) Shapes must be correctly represented
c) Areas must be correctly represented
d) Scale must be constant and correct

061-033-004
The chart that is generally used for navigation in polar areas is based on a:
a) Gnomonic projection
b) Lambert conformal projection
c) Direct Mercator projection
d) Stereographical projection

061-033-005 3b
Which are the 2 fundamental conditions for a chart to be orthomorphic?
a) Scale must be constant all over the chart. Scale must be correct all over the
chart
b) Meridians must be shown as straight lines. Parallels must be shown as
straight lines
c) A Great Circle must be a complex curve. A Rhumb line must be a straight line
d) Meridians and parallels must intersect at right angles. Scale should be the
same (or should change at the same rate) in all directions

061-033-006
In which of the following projections does a plane surface touch the Reduced Earth
at one of the Poles?
a) Lambert's
b) Direct Mercator
c) Gnomic
d) Stereographic
034: SCALE (12 Questions)

061-034-001 3A
A chart has the scale 1: 1,000,000. From A to B on the chart measures 1.5 inches
(one inch equals 2.54 centimetres). The distance from A to B in nm is:
a) 44.5 nm
b) 54.2 nm
c) 38.1 nm
d) 20.6 nm

061-034-002 3a
A straight line drawn on a chart measures 4.63 cm and represents 150 nm.
The chart scale is:
a) 1: 5,000,000
b) 1: 1,000,000
c) 1: 6,000,000
d) 1: 3,000,000

061-034-003 3b
A straight line on a chart 4.89 cm long represents 185 nm. The scale of this chart is
approximately:
a) 1: 6,000,000
b) 1: 7,000,000
c) 1: 5,000,000
d) 1: 3,500,000

061-034-004
Approximately how many nautical miles correspond to 12 cm on a map with a scale
of 1: 2,000,000?
a) 43 nm
b) 150 nm
c) 329 nm
d) 130 nm

061-034-005 3a
At 47°N the chart distance between meridians 10° apart on a chart is 5 inches.
The scale of the chart at that latitude is approximately:
a) 1: 8,000,000
b) 1: 3,000,000
c) 1: 6,000,000
d) 1: 2 500,000

061-034-006
Given: Chart scale 1: 1,850,000; chart distance between two points is 4 cm. Earth
distance is approximately:
a) 100 nm
b) 74 nm
c) 40 nm
d) 4 nm

061-034-007
Given: A chart with a scale of 1: 200,000; chart length from A to B 11 cm. What is the
approximate distance from A to B?
a) 21 nm
b) 22 nm
c) 14 nm
d) 12 nm

061-034-008
On a navigation chart a distance of 49 nm is equal to 7 cm. The scale of the chart is
approximately:
a) 1: 700,000
b) 1: 130,000
c) 1: 1,300,000
d) 1: 7,000,000

061-034-009 3b
On a chart meridians at 43°N are shown every 10 degrees apart. This is shown on
the chart by a distance of 14 cm. What is the scale?
a) 1: 2,000,000
b) 1: 6,000,000
c) 1: 4,000,000
d) 1: 5,000,000

061-034-010
On a chart the distance along a meridian between latitudes 45°N and 46°N is 6
cm. The scale of the chart is approximately:
a) 1: 18,500,000
b) 1: 1,000,000
c) 1: 1,850,000
d) 1: 185,000

061-034-011
The chart distance between meridians 10° apart at latitude 65°N is 3.75 inches. The
chart scale at this latitude approximates:
a) 1: 3,000,000
b) 1: 2,500,000
c) 1: 5,000,000
d) 1: 6,000,000

061-034-012
The distance measured between two points on a chart is 42 mm; the scale of the
chart is 1: 1,600,000. The actual distance between these two points is
approximately:
a) 370 nm
b) 63 nm
c) 36 nm
d) 67 nm
035: MERCATOR CHARTS (21 Questions)

061-035-001 3a
On a Mercator chart the 180°W to 180°E parallel of latitude at 53°N is 133 cm long.
What is the scale of the chart at 30°S?
a) 1: 21,000,000
b) 1: 3,000,000
c) 1: 27,000,000
d) 1: 1,800,000

061-035-002 3a
A direct Mercator graticule is based on a projection that is:
a) concentric
b) spherical
c) conical
d) cylindrical

061-035-003 3b
A Mercator chart has a scale at the equator 1: 3,704,000. What is the scale at 60°S?
a) 1: 7,408,000
b) 1: 3,208,000
c) 1: 185,200
d) 1: 1,852,000

061-035-004
Assume a Mercator chart. The distance between positions A and B located on the
same parallel and 10° longitude apart is 6 cm. The scale at the parallel is 1:
9,260,000. What is the latitude of A and B?
a) 60°N or S
b) 45°N or S
c) 30°N or S
d) 0° N/S

061-035-005 3a, 3b
At 60°N the scale of a direct Mercator chart is 1: 3,000,000. What is the scale at the
Equator?
a) 1: 3,500,000
b) 1: 1,500,000
c) 1: 6,000,000
d) 1: 3,000,000

061-035-006
At latitude 60°N the scale of a Mercator projection is 1: 5,000,000. The length on the
chart between C N60° E008° and D N60° W008° is:
a) 35.6 cm
b) 17.8 cm
c) 19.2 cm
d) 16.2 cm
061-035-007 3a
How does scale change on a normal Mercator chart?
a) Expands as the secant² x (½ co-latitude)
b) Expands directly with the secant of the latitude
c) Correct on the standard parallels expands outside them contracts within them
d) Expands as the secant of the E/W great circle distance

061-035-008 3b
On a Direct Mercator chart a great circle will be represented by a:
a) complex curve
b) straight line
c) curve concave to the equator
d) curve convex to the equator

061-035-009 3a
On a Direct Mercator chart a rhumb line appears as a:
a) spiral curve
b) straight line
c) small circle concave to the nearer pole
d) curve convex to the nearer pole

061-035-010
On a Direct Mercator chart at latitude 15°S a certain length represents a distance of
120 nm on the earth. The same length on the chart will represent on the earth at
latitude 10°N a distance of:
a) 118.2 nm
b) 117.7 nm
c) 122.3 nm
d) 124.2 nm

061-035-011 3b
On a Direct Mercator chart at latitude of 45°N a certain length represents a distance
of 90 nm on the earth. The same length on the chart will represent on the earth at
latitude 30°N a distance of:
a) 45 nm
b) 78 nm
c) 110 nm
d) 73 nm

061-035-012 3b
On a Direct Mercator chart meridians are:
a) parallel unequally spaced vertical straight lines
b) parallel equally spaced vertical straight lines
c) inclined equally spaced straight lines that meet at the nearer pole
d) inclined unequally spaced curved lines that meet at the nearer pole
061-035-013
On a direct Mercator projection at latitude 45°N a certain length represents 70 nm. At
latitude 30°N the same length represents approximately:
a) 70 nm
b) 86 nm
c) 57 nm
d) 81 nm

061-035-014
On a direct Mercator projection the distance measured between two meridians
spaced 5° apart at latitude 60°N is 8 cm. The scale of this chart at latitude 60°N is
approximately:
a) 1: 6,000,000
b) 1: 3,500,000
c) 1: 4,750,000
d) 1: 7,000,000

061-035-015
On a Mercator chart at latitude 60°N the distance measured between 002°W and
008°E is 20 cm. The scale of this chart at latitude 60°N is approximately:
a) 1: 278,000
b) 1: 5,560,000
c) 1: 2,780,000
d) 1: 556,000

061-035-016
On which chart projection is it not possible to show the North Pole?
a) Transverse Mercator
b) Direct Mercator
c) Lamberts
d) Polar Stereographic

061-035-017 3a
Parallels of latitude on a Direct Mercator chart are:
a) parallel straight lines unequally spaced
b) arcs of concentric circles equally spaced
c) straight lines converging above the pole
d) parallel straight lines equally spaced

061-035-018
The scale of a Mercator chart is 1: 6,250,000 at 34°N. The scale at 54°S is:
a) 1: 8,880,000
b) 1: 4,320,000
c) 1: 9,040,000
d) 1: 4,430,000
061-035-019
The total length of the 53°N parallel of latitude on a direct Mercator chart is 133
cm. What is the approximate scale of the chart at latitude 30°S?
a) 1: 30,000,000
b) 1: 18,000,000
c) 1: 25,000,000
d) 1: 21,000,000

061-035-020
What is the chart distance between longitudes 179°E and 175°W on a direct
Mercator chart with a scale of 1: 5,000,000 at the equator?
a) 10.6 cm
b) 7.2 cm
c) 16.7 cm
d) 13.3 cm

061-035-021
Which one of the following, concerning great circles on a Direct Mercator chart is
correct?
a) They are all curves concave to the Equator
b) With the exception of meridians and the equator they are curves concave to
the Equator
c) They approximate to straight lines between the standard parallels
d) They are all curves convex to the Equator
037: LAMBERTS CHARTS (21 Questions)

061-037-001 3a
The Lamberts projection:
a) is a simple cylindrical
b) is a modified conical
c) is a modified cylindrical
d) is a simple conical

061-037-002
A course of 120°T is drawn between X (61°30'N) and Y (58°30'N) on a Lambert
Conformal conic chart with a scale of 1: 1,000,000 at 60°N. The chart distance
between X and Y is:
a) 66.7 cm
b) 33.4 cm
c) 36.0 cm
d) 38.5 cm

061-037-003 3b
A Lambert Conformal conic chart has a constant of the cone of 0.75. The initial
course of a straight line track drawn on this chart from A (40°N 050°W) to B is 043°T,
at A.
The course at B is 055°T. What is the longitude of B?
a) 41°W
b) 36°W
c) 38°W
d) 34°W

061-037-004
A Lambert Conformal conic chart has a constant of the cone of 0.80. A straight line
course drawn on this chart from A (53°N 004°W) to B is 080°T at A. The course at B
is 092°T. What is the longitude of B?
a) 011°E
b) 019°E
c) 008°E
d) 013°E

061-037-005 3a
A Lambert Conformal conic projection with two standard parallels:
a) the scale is only correct along the standard parallels
b) shows all great circles as straight lines
c) the scale is only correct at parallel of origin
d) shows lines of longitude as parallel straight lines

061-037-006 3a
A Lambert Conformal conic chart has standard parallels at 63°N and 41°N. What is
the constant of the cone?
a) 0.656
b) 0.891
c) 0.788
d) 0.707
061-037-007
A straight line is drawn on a Lambert Conformal conic chart between two positions of
different longitude. The angular difference between the initial true track and the final
true track of the line is equal to:
a) difference in longitude
b) chart convergency
c) earth convergency
d) conversion angle

061-037-008 3b
A straight line on a Lambert Conformal projection chart for normal flight planning
purposes:
a) is a Loxodromic line
b) is a Rhumb line
c) can only be a parallel of latitude
d) is approximately a Great Circle

061-037-009
On a Lambert chart (standard parallels 37°N and 65°N) with respect to the straight
line drawn on the map between A ( N49° W030°) and B (N48° W040°) the:
a) rhumb line is to the north the great circle is to the south
b) great circle is to the north the rhumb line is to the south
c) great circle and rhumb line are to the south
d) great circle and rhumb line are to the north

061-037-010
On a Lambert Conformal chart the distance between meridians 5° apart along
latitude 37° North is 9 cm. The scale of the chart at that parallel approximates:
a) 1: 6,000,000
b) 1: 2,000,000
c) 1: 3 750,000
d) 1: 5,000,000

061-037-011 3b
On a Lambert Conformal conic chart earth convergency is most accurately
represented at the:
a) parallel of origin
b) Equator
c) north and south limits of the chart
d) standard parallels

061-037-012
On a Lambert Conformal conic chart great circles that are not meridians are:
a) straight lines regardless of distance
b) curves concave to the pole of projection
c) curves concave to the parallel of origin
d) straight lines within the standard parallels
061-037-013 3b
On a Lambert Conformal conic chart the distance between parallels of latitude
spaced the same number of degrees apart:
a) expands between and reduces outside the standard parallels
b) reduces between and expands outside the standard parallels
c) is constant throughout the chart
d) is constant between and expands outside the standard parallels

061-037-014 3b
Scale on a Lambert Conformal conical chart:
a) varies slightly as a function of latitude and longitude
b) is constant
c) is constant along a parallel of latitude
d) is constant along a meridian of longitude

061-037-015
The constant of cone of a Lambert Conformal conic chart is quoted as 0.3955. At
what latitude on the chart is earth convergency correctly represented?
a) 23°18'
b) 68°25'
c) 21°35'
d) 66°42'

061-037-016
The constant of the cone on a Lambert chart, where the convergence angle between
longitudes 010°E and 030°W is 30°, will be:
a) 0.75
b) 0.40
c) 0.64
d) 0.40

061-037-017
The convergence factor of a Lambert Conformal conic chart is quoted as 0.78535.
At what latitude on the chart is earth convergency correctly represented?
a) 51°45'
b) 38°15'
c) 52°05'
d) 80°39'

061-037-018 3a
The nominal scale of a Lambert Conformal conic chart is the:
a) scale at the standard parallels
b) mean scale between the parallels of the secant cone
c) scale at the Equator
d) mean scale between pole and Equator
061-037-019 3a
Parallels of Latitude on a Lambert Conformal conic chart are represented by:
a) arcs of concentric circles
b) hyperbolic lines
c) straight lines
d) parabolic lines

061-037-020 3a
The standard parallels of a Lambert's conical orthomorphic projection are 07°40'N
and 38°20' N. The constant of the cone for this chart is:
a) 0.60
b) 0.92
c) 0.39
d) 0.42

061-037-021 3b
The two standard parallels of a conical Lambert projection are at N10°40'N and
N41°20'. The constant of the chart is approximately:
a) 0.66
b) 0.44
c) 0,18
d) 0,90
039: POLAR STEREOGRAPHIC CHARTS (12 Questions)

061-039-001 3a
A straight line is drawn on a Polar Stereographic chart joining A (70°N 060°W) to B
(70°N 060°E). What is the initial track direction (going eastwards) of the line at A?
a) 090°T
b) 120°T
c) 030°T
d) 330°T

061-039-002 3a
How do Rhumb lines (with the exception of meridians) appear on a Polar
Stereographic chart?
a) Concave to the nearer pole
b) Straight lines
c) An ellipse round the pole
d) Convex to the nearer pole

061-039-003
On a Polar Stereographic chart a straight line joins A (70°N 40°W) to B (70°N
80°E). The direction at A of the straight line track from A to B is:
a) 060°T
b) 069°T
c) 030°T
d) 033°T

061-039-004
On a Polar Stereographic chart a straight line joins A (70°N 40°W) to B (70°N
80°E). The longitude of the most northerly point on the straight-line track from A to B
is:
a) 40°W
b) 20°E
c) 80°E
d) 20°W

061-039-005
On a Polar Stereographic map a straight line joins A (70°N 102°W) to B (80°N
006°E). The point of highest latitude along this line occurs at longitude 035°W. What
is the initial straight-line track angle from A to B, measured at A?
a) 023°T
b) 077°T
c) 229°T
d) 049°T

061-039-006
On a Polar Stereographic chart the scale:
a) is constant throughout the chart
b) varies as the sin of the latitude
c) varies as the square of the secant of half the co lat
d) varies as the secant of the latitude
061-039-007 3b
On a Polar Stereographic chart great circles which are not meridians are:
a) complex curves
b) straight lines
c) straight lines within the standard parallels
d) curves concave to the pole of projection

061-039-008 3b
On a Polar Stereographic chart showing the South Pole, a straight line joins position
A (70°S 065°E) to position B (70°S 025°W). The course on departure from position A
is approximately:
a) 250°T
b) 225°T
c) 135°T
d) 315°T

061-039-009 3b
Two positions plotted on a Polar Stereographic chart; A (80°N 000°) and B (70°N
102°W). They are joined by a straight line whose highest latitude is reached at
035°W. At point B the course is:
a) 023°
b) 305°
c) 203°
d) 247°

061-039-010 3a
What is the value of the convergence factor on a Polar Stereographic chart?
a) 1.0
b) 0.866
c) 0.5
d) 0.0

061-039-011
Which one of the following describes the appearance of rhumb lines except
meridians on a Polar Stereographic chart?
a) Straight lines
b) Curves concave to the pole
c) Curves convex to the pole
d) Ellipses around the pole

061-039-012
Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the appearance of great
circles with the exception of meridians on a Polar Stereographic chart whose
tangency is at the pole?
a) They are curves convex to the pole
b) They are complex curves that can be convex and/or concave to the pole
c) Any straight line is a great circle
d) The higher the latitude the closer they approximate to a straight line