2.

Probability
1
a) PR   and PH  
1 3
8 7 B1
1 3 3
  
8 7 56
b) PRH ' or PR' H  or PRH  M1

1 4 7 3 3
    
 8 7   8 7  56
M1
4 21 3
 
56 56 56
28 1 A1
 or or 0.5
56 2
4

2.

B2

6 W
/9=2/3

W
1
7 /3
/10 R

7 W
A /9
3
/10
½ R
2
/9
R
W
4
½ /9
 1
/20 W
5
B /9
R
5
/9 W
½
R

4
/9
R

(b) (i) ( ½ x 7/10 x 2/3) + ( ½ x 3/10 x 2/9) + ( ½ + 4/9 x U1

½)+
½ x ½ x4/9) = 22/45
A1
(ii) 1 – 22 M1
45 A1
= 23
45
M1
(iii) ( ½ x 7/10 x 1/3) + ( ½ x 3/10 x 7/10) + ( ½ x ½ x 5/9)
+ A1
(½x½x½)
7/60 + 7/60 + 5/36 + 5/36 B1
= 23/45 A1

(iv) 1 – 23 = 22
45 45
10

1. (a) (i) Total balls = 3 + 6 = 9

2
/8 B-----------BB
3
/9 6
W /8
9 balls 6
/9 W------------BW
3
W /8 B-------------WB
5
/8
= P(BW) or P(WB) W-----------WW
1 2
= 3 x6 + 6 x3
93 8 9 8
= 18 + 18 = 36
 72 72 72
=½

(ii) = P(BW) or P(WB)

=3x6 + 6 x3
9 9 9 9
= 18 + 18
81 81
= 36 = 4
81 9

(b) (i) P(WW) =6 x5

9 8
= 30 = 5
72 12
(ii) P(WW) =6 x 6
9 9
=4
9
2. P(W) = 7/12 P (B) = 5/12
(2 white and one brown)
=(WWB or WBW or BWW
= ( 7/12 x 6/11 x 5/10) + (7/12 x 5/11 x 6/10)+ ( 7/12 x 7/11 x 6/10 )
= 22/44
(ii) P(BBW or BWB or WBB)
= ( 5/12 x 4/11 x 7/10 ) + ( 5/12 x 7/11 x 4/10 ) + ( 7/12 x 5/11 x 4/10 )
= 7/22
(iii) P (at least one white cup)
= (1-P(BBB) = 1-(5/12 x 4/11 x 3/10)
= 21/22
(iv) P (same colour) = P(BBB or WWW)
= (7/12 x 6/11 x 5/10) + (5/12 x 4/11 x 3/10 )
= 9/44

3. a) 2 3 5 7
2 32 52 72
3 23 53 73
5 25 35 75
7 27 37 57

b) P(E) = 4
16
=¼
1 L
4. /5
4
/5
1 L1
/3 3
½ /10 L
M 7
/10
1 1
/6 /20 L1
L
 (a) P(late) = (1/3 x 1/5) + ( ½ x 3/10) + ( 1/6 x 1/20)
= 1/15 + 3/20 + 1/120
= 9/40

(b) P = 1/3 x 1/5) + ( 1/6 x 1/20)

= 1/15 + 1/20
= 3/40

(c) P= (not late) = (1- 9/40)

5. a)
TU 4
½ /5
4
/5 US
SH
1
½ TU /5
4
US
/5 US
3
/5 ¼ TU
SH 1
/5
¾
US
TU 1 US
/5
3
/5
b) i) P(all faults)= P( SH and TU and US)
= 2/5 x ½ x 4/5 = 4/25

ii) P(exactly two) = 2/5 x ½ x 1/5 + 2/5 x ½ x 1/5 + 3/5 x ¾ x 1/5

6.
1
/10 D ...ADD
1 D 1
/10
/10 D1
9 D
9 1 /10
5
/8 A 10 D /
6
/100 D1
5 6
/8 B 100/ D
94
94 /100 D1
/100 D16
/100 D

94 D1
/100
Both defective
=3x1x1+5x6x6
8 10 10 8 100 100
=3+ 180
800 80000
= 24
4000
=3
500
7. a) 4 9
/5 /10
R Break
B
3
2 /10 Break
/3
L 7
/10
1 Break
1 /10
/3 R
9 9
/10 /10
G Break
1
/10
3 9
/10 /10
L
7
/10 Break

b) i) P (BL or GL) = 2/3 X 1/10 + 1/3 X 1/10

= 2/15 + 1/30 = 5/30
ii) P( BL break or GR break)
= 2/3 X 1/5 X 3/10 + 1/3 X 1/10 X 3/10
= 2/50 + 1/100 = 4+1/100 = 5/100

iii) P( BR break or GR break)

= 2/3 X 4/5 X 1/10 + 1/3 X 9/10 X 1/10
= 8/150 + 9/300 = 16+9/300 = 25/300
 iv) 1 – (5/100 + 25/300) = 1 – 15+25/300
= 260/300
8.
1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
P( a two days outing) = 10/36 = 5/18

(b) 1 2 3 4 5 6
H H1 H2 H3 H4 H5 H6
T T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
P(2days and one day pocket money)
= 5 x 10
18 12
= 25
108

(c) (i) 5/18 x 2/12 2D pocket

= 5/108 2
/12
10 1D pocket
(ii) 5 /12
/18 2D
2 No pocket
13 /6
/18 1D
4
/6 No pocket
P(get pocket money)
= 5/18 x 2/12 + 5/18 x 10/12 + 13/18 x 2/6

9. (a) (i) P( W W) = 4 x 3
10 9
=2
15
(ii) P (W W) or (R R) = 4 x 3 + 6 x 5
10 9 10 9
=2 + 1 = 7
15 3 15

(iii) P (at least Red)

= 1 - P(WW)
=1– 2
15
13
15
(iv) P(WR) or P(RW) = 3 x 4 + 2 x 2
5 9 5 3
= 8
15

10. a) i) 8/15
 ii) 2/15 + 5/15 = 7/15

b) i) B- BR
B G- BG
8
/15 R- BR
2
/15 B- BG
R G- GG
5
/15 R- GR
G B- RB

G- RG
R- RR
Gh = 2/15 x 1/14 = 2/210 = 1/105

ii) RG or RB
3
/21 + 7/45 = 45 + 147
945

= 192
945

(c)(i)
H T
1 1H 1T
2 2H 2T
3 3H 3T
4 4H 4T
5 5H 5T
6 6H 6T

11. (a)
(b) (i) same colour = 5/9 x 4/2 x 3/7 + 4/9 x 3/8x 2/7
= 5/42 + 1/7
= 11/42

(ii) more red balls = 5/89 x ½ x 3/7 + 5/9 x ½ x 4/7 + 5/9 x ½ x 4/7
= /42 + 10/63 = 10/63
5

= 5/42 + 20/63= 15 + 40 = 55
126 126
(iii) at least black ball was picked
= 1- 5/9 x ½ x 3/7
= 1 – 5/21
= 16/21

(iv) Atmost 1 red ball picked

= 5/9 x 4/2 x 3/7 + 4/9 x 5/8 x 3/7 + 4/9 x 3/8 x 2/7
= 5/42 + 5/92 + 1/21
=5+5+2
 42
12
= /42
= 2 /7

3
/10

12. 5
/10
A
½ 2
/10 W

½ G
4
B /12
R
3
/12
5
/12
W

G
P (Red) = ( ½ x 3/10) + ( ½ x 4/12)= 19 60

13. (a) 1
/10 Break

9 Break1 B1
4 R /10
/5
3
/10 Break
2
/3
B 1
/5 L
9
/10 R
7
/10 Break1 B1
G R Break
9
/10
1
/10 3 Break1
L /10
Break1
7
/10
Break1 B1
bi) P (left handed)
= 2/3 x 1/5 + 1/3 x 1/10
= /15 + 1/3
2

= 5/30 = 1/6

ii) P ( Right handed and will break)

= 2/3 x 4/5 x 1/10 + 1/3 x 1/9 x 1/10
= 8/150 + 9/300
= /300 = 1/18
25

c) P (= 2/3 x 4/5 x 1/10 + 2/3 x 1/5 x 3/10 + 1/3 x 9/10 x 1/10 + 1/3 x 1/10 x 3/10

14. (i) P (RRR) = 5 X 5 X 5

15 15 15
 = 125
3375
= 1
27
(ii) 125 + 64 + 216
3375 3375 3375
= 405
3375
= 3
25
(iii) P (RBG) + P (GRB) + P(BGR)
5 X4X6 + 6X5X4 + 4X6X5
15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
= 120 + 120 + 120
3375 3375 3375
= 24

(iv) P(BBB) + P(GGG) + P(BBG) + P (GGB)

B- To bed on time
= 4 X 4 X 4 + 6 X 6 X 6+ 4 X 4 X 6 + 6 X 6 X 4
B- To bed late
15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15
W- Waking upon time
= 64 + 216 + 96 + 144
W- waking up late
3375 3375 3375 3375
C- Getting to class on time
= 520 + 104
C- Getting to class late
3375 3375

15.

W B- To bed on time
/5 ~ C
5 2
/6 ~B- To bed late
3 B 1
/5 W- Waking upon time
/4 1
/6 ~W C ~W- waking up late
4 C- Getting to class on time
/5
~C 3 ~C- Getting to class late
¼ 1
/3 /5 C
~B W 2
2 /5
/3 1
/5 ~ C
~W C
4
/5 ~C √ tree diagram.
(a) (i) P(Bnw) = ¾ x /6 5
√ Addition of probability
= 5 /8 √Addition of prob.
ii) P( Waking up late) √ Addition of prob.
1
¾ x 1 /6 + ¼ x 2/3
3 2

= 1 + 1 =3 +4
8 6 24
=7
24
b) (i) P (BW~C) or P(B~W~C)
1
3 x 1 x 4 + 3 x 5 x 2
 4 6 5 4 6 5
2 2 1

1 + 1 = 4 + 10
10 4 40
=7
20
ii) P (~B ~C) = 1 x1x3 + 1 x 2 x 1
4 3 5 4 3 5
=1 +1 = 3+2 = 5
20 30 60 60
=1
12