ASSIGNMENT

Subject: BEE4143 POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION & HIGH VOLTAGE

Marks: 100 marks (10%)
Due date submission: Tuesday, 06/06/2023

A rural substation of three-phase, 230 kV, 50Hz system feeds three step-down
transformers, as shown in Figure 1. Two of the transformers feeds an
industrial facility, that step down voltage from 230 kV to 33 kV. The other one
is connected to a 315 kVA auxiliary transformer of 33/0.415 kV that feeds
the switchyard. The preliminary size of the grounding grid system is largely
based on the size of the substation to include all dimensions within the
perimeter of the fence. To establish economic viability, the maximum area is
considered and formed the shape of a square with an area of 958.85 m2.

Field Data:
Assume a uniform average soil resistivity of the substation ground is
measured to be 50 Ωm. Three hundred (300) numbers of earthing rods, each
of them is 3m long installed along the perimeter of the grid. Initial design
parameters are given in Table 1.

Table 1: Initial design parameters.

𝜌 = 50 Ω𝑚 𝑡𝑠 = 0.5𝑠
A = 958.85 𝑚2 𝜌𝑠 = 2500 Ω𝑚
Spacing of conductors, D = 4.5 m ℎ𝑠 = 0.11 𝑚
𝐷𝑓 = 1.026 3∅ 𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 17 𝑘𝐴
h = 1.8 m 𝑍𝑒𝑞 = 0.322 + 𝑗0.242 Ω
𝐶𝑝 = 1.2 𝑅𝑔 𝑜𝑓 3∅ 𝑓𝑎𝑢𝑙𝑡 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 1.0043 Ω

1) Discuss the purpose of a substation grounding.

2) The IEEE Std. 80-2000 includes a design procedure that has a 12-step
process, is used as a reference to aid the substation grounding design
engineer. Draw the substation grounding design procedure block
diagram.
3) Design a proper substation grounding to provide safety measures for
anyone going near or working on the substation. Consider the tolerable
touch voltages (Etouch) for 70 kg person to withstand shock duration of
0.5s. Evaluate your design by comparing the maximum Ground
Potential Rise (GPR) with the tolerable touch voltage (Etouch).
Figure 1(a): 33 kV switchyard layout.
 Figure 1(b): 33 kV switchyard layout.

Reference (figure):

https://iitr.ac.in/Departments/Hydro%20and%20Renewable%20Energy%20Department/static/Modern_hydroelectric_engg/vol_2/Chapter9_
Power_Evacuation_Main_Single_Line_Diagram_Grid_Interconnection_and_Switchyard_Layout.pdf