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THERESE ACADEMY & IMDII

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MATHEMATICS 8 WW:
WEEK 4
THIRD QUARTER PT:

NAME: SCORE:
GRADE/SECTION: SUBJECT TEACHER: HANNAH JANE G. CLERIGO

LESSON 4: AXIOMATIC
STRUCTURE
Objectives: After going through this lesson, you will be able to illustrates the need for an axiomatic
structure of a mathematical system in general, and in Geometry in particular: (a) defined terms;
(b) undefined terms; (c) postulates; and (d) theorems.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Basic Definitions Using the Undefined Terms

 Collinear points – points that lie on the same line.
 Noncollinear points – points that are not contained on the same line.
 Coplanar points - points that lie on the same plane.
 Noncollinear points – points that are not contained on the same line.
 Intersection – the set of points that is common to both figures. Intersection could be a point,
a line, or a plane.
 Space – the set of all points.

Postulates Involving Points, Lines and Planes

Definition use undefined terms or terms previously defined to give a clear meaning of a word
or a phrase. A postulate is a statement that is accepted without proof. Theorem is a statement
needs to be proven first before accepted as true. At this point, we will learn about some postulates
on the relationships of points, lines and planes.

Basic Postulates
The following statements expressed relationships among points, lines and planes. They are accepted
as true.

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Ruler Postulate
The points in a line can be matched one-to-one with real numbers in such a way that:
i. to every point in the line, there corresponds exactly one number called its coordinate;
ii. to every real number, there corresponds exactly one point in the line; and
iii. the distance between two points is equal the absolute value of the difference of their
coordinates.

Distance Between Two Points

The distance AB between two points A and B with coordinates a and b, respectively, is given by the
absolute value of a – b.
𝐴𝐵 = |𝑎 − 𝑏| or |𝑏 − 𝑎|
Illustrative Examples:
a) The distance between A and C is given by
𝐴𝐶 = |−9 − (−1)| or |−1 − (−9)| = 8 units
b) The distance between B and F is given by
𝐵𝐹 = |−5 − 6| or |6 − (−5)| = 11 units

Line Segment, Ray and Angle Definition

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Other Concepts

LEARNING TASKS

ACTIVITY 1. Directions: Read and understand each question carefully then select the letter
corresponding to your answer.
_______1. What is the image shown in the right?
A. point B. plane C. line D. ray
_______2. Which of the following models a point?
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A. cable wire B. star in the sky C. edge of a rectangular table D. surface of a bond paper
_______3. Based on the figure below, which statement is FALSE?

A. UN and N U are the same segments.

B. Point U is the common endpoint of ⃗
U L and ⃗
UN .
G. ¿⃗ and ⃗
EU are opposite rays.
´ .
H. You can name the figure as EN
_______4. What is the intersection of a line and a plane?
A. plane B. point C. line D. ray
_______5. It is a point that divides a segment into two congruent segments.
A. bisector B. point C. midpoint D. ray
_______6. If points A, B, C are collinear with C between A and B, the segment addition postulate is:
A. AB + BC = AC B. BA + CB = AC C. BC + CA = AB D. BC + AC = CA
_______7. Points J, K and L are collinear with J between L and K. If KJ = 2x - 3, LK = 9x + 7 and
LJ = 4x - 8, solve for x:
A. – 4 B. 6 C. – 6 D. 4
_______8. If ⃗
AC is an angle bisector of ∠𝐵𝐴𝐷, and 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 = 43°, what is the measure of ∠𝐷𝐴𝐵?
A. 43° B. 50° C. 86° D. 180°
_______9. What postulate states that “three noncollinear points are contained in exactly one plane”?
A. Straight line postulate C. Flat Plane Postulate
B. Plane Postulate D. Intersection Postulate
_______10. It is a statement accepted without proof.
A. sentence B. definition C. postulate D. theorem
ACTIVITY 2:
A. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. Refer to the number line below.

1. The distance from D to _____________ is |1- (-2)|.

2. Point ___________ on BG has a distance of 4 units from G.
3. AC + _______________ = AF
4. The midpoint of B E is ____________________.
5. If plane M is a bisector of A G , then plane M intersects AG at the coordinate
____________________.
B. Give the missing data in the table below. Given that ⃗
IF bisects ∠LIE. Find the measure of m
and the actual measure of each angle.

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