BATCH CODE – TYPE HERE

• Subject Name- MATHEMATICS

• Chapter Name- ELLIPSE

Lecture No.- 1 By- Faculty Name

 Year Wise Number of Questions Analysis (2018 - 2023)

18

16

14
Number of Questions

12

10

0
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
Shift-1 Shift-2
 PPT Content
1 Basics of Ellipse
2 Standard equation of Ellipse
3 Focal Directrix Property, Auxiliary circle,
Eccentric angle
4 Parametric equation
5 Equation of Tangent and Normal
6 Properties of Ellipse
1 Standard Equation of Ellipse

2 Parametric Form and Auxiliary Circle, Eccentric angle

3 Position of A Point

4 Point of Intersection of A Straight Line and Ellipse

 STANDARD EQUATION OF ELLIPSE

𝑥2 𝑦2 2 = 𝑎2 1 − 𝑒 2
+ = 1, , 𝑎 > 𝑏, 𝑏
𝑎2 𝑏 2
 Important Terms and Definitions
1. Focus :

2. Directrix :

3. Major Axis :

4. Minor Axis :

5. Centre :

6. Vertex :

7. Latus-rectum :

8. Double ordinate :
 SHIFTED ELLIPSE:
If axes are parallel to coordinate axes and center of ellipse is (a, b) then equation of
(x−𝑎)2 (y–β)2
ellipse is + =1
𝑎2 𝑏2
(a,b)
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
Find the eccentricity of an ellipse + 2 = 1 whose latus rectum is half of its
𝑎2 𝑏
major axis.

1
Ans. e=
2
 Question

Find everything for ellipse

𝑥2 𝑦2
+ =1
400 144

Ans. e = 4/5
Center (0,0)
Focii = (±16, 0)
 Question
Find everything for ellipse
4𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 − 24𝑥 − 32𝑦 = 12

Ans. Center = (3,1)

3
𝑒=
2

𝐹𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑖 = (3 ± 2 3, 1൯
 Question
Find the equation of an ellipse, referred to its axes as the axes of coordinates,
with foci (±2,0) and latus rectum is 6 units.

𝑥2 𝑦2
Ans. + =1
16 12
 Question
Find the equation of the ellipse its centre at the point (2, −3), one focus at
(3, −3) and one vertex at (4, −3).

(𝑥−2)2 (𝑦+3)2
Ans. + =1
4 3
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
If one extremity of minor of the ellipse + = 1 and the foci form an
𝑎2 𝑏2
equilateral triangle, then find its eccentricity.

1
Ans. 𝑒=
2
 Focal Distance Property:
Sum of distances of a moving point from two fixed
points is always a constant which is greater than the
distance between those two fixed points
| PF1 | + | PF2 | = 2a
 Question
Equation of conic (𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 + 2)2 + 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 ൯ = 8ቁ ⋅ Identify
the conic & find its eccentricity.

1
Ans.
4 2
 Question
C1 and C2 are two fixed circles with radii r1 and r2 such that C2 is contained in
C1 . A third circle C moves in such a way that it touches C1 internally and C2
externally, then find the find locus of its centre.

[Ans. Locus of c is an ellipse]

 Question
Find semi-major, semi-minor and eccentricity of ellipse whose equation is:
(3𝑥−4𝑦+1)2 (4𝑥+3𝑦−2)2
+ =1
9 16

Ans. semi-major axis = 4/5

semi-minor axis = 3/5
7
e=
4
 Question
A circle has the same centre as an ellipse and passes through the focii 𝐹1 and 𝐹2
of the ellipse, such that the two curves intersect in 4 points. Let 𝑃 be any one of
their point of intersection. If the major axis of the ellipse is 17 and the area of
the triangle PF1 F2 is 30 , then the distance between the focii is
[JEE Adv-2017]

Ans. (13)
 AUXILIARY CIRCLE AND ECCENTRIC ANGLE :

A circle described on major axis as diameter is called the auxiliary

circle of the given ellipse & its equation is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2
𝑥2 𝑦2
and given ellipse is + =1
𝑎2 𝑏2
➢ P and Q are called the Corresponding points

➢ ∠QOA = 𝜃 is called the ECCENTRIC ANGLE of the point 𝑃 (0 ≤ 𝜃 < 2𝜋).

➢ Co-ordinate of P will be (acos 𝜃, bsin 𝜃) and this is called

parametric equation of ellipse.

➢ The equations 𝑥 = 𝑎cos 𝜃&𝑦 = 𝑏sin 𝜃 together represent the

𝑥2 𝑦2
ellipse + 2 = 1.
𝑎2 𝑏
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
Distance of a point on the ellipse + = 1 from its centre is 2 . Find the
6 2
eccentric angle of the point 𝑃.

𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 7𝜋
Ans. , , ,
4 4 4 4
 Question
Find ' e ' for the ellipse whose parameter equation is x = 3 + 2 cos 𝜃 &
𝑦 = 3 + 4sin 𝜃

3
Ans. e=
2
 Question
The curve represented by 𝑥 = (cos 𝑡 + sin 𝑡), 𝑦 = 4(cos 𝑡 − sin 𝑡), where ' 𝑡 ' is
a parameter is:
(A) Ellipse (B) Parabola
(C) Hyperbola (D) None of these

Ans. (A)
 POSITION OF A POINT w.r.t. AN ELLIPSE :
𝑥2 𝑦2
Let 𝑆(𝑥, 𝑦) = + − 1 be the given ellipse and P x1 , y1 is the
𝑎2 𝑏2
given point.
(i) If S x1 , y1 > 0 then P x1 , y1 lie outside the ellipse.
(ii) If S x1 , y1 < 0 then P x1 , y1 lie inside the ellipse.
(iii) If S x1 , y1 = 0 then P x1 , y1 lie on the ellipse.
 Question
Check whether the point 𝑃(3,2) lies inside, on or outside of the
𝑥2 𝑦2
ellipse + = 1.
25 16

Ans. Inside
 Question

Find the set of values of ' 𝛼 ′ for which the point 𝑃(𝛼, −𝛼) lies inside
𝑥2 𝑦2
the ellipse + = 1.
16 9

12 12
Ans. 𝛼 ∈ − ,
5 5
 INTERACTION OF A LINE AND AN ELLIPSE :
Let the equation of the line is 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 ……(1)
𝑥2 𝑦2
and equation of ellipse is + 2 =1 …….(2)
𝑎2 𝑏
from (1) & (2), we get
𝑏 2 + 𝑎2 𝑚2 𝑥 2 + 2𝑎2 𝑐𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑐 2 − 𝑏 2 = 0 …(3)

If D > 0  The line meets the ellipse in real and distinct

If D = 0  The line is a tangent to the ellipse

𝑐 = ± 𝑎2 𝑚2 + 𝑏 2 this is called condition of tangency

If D < 0  The line does not meet the ellipse

Question

For what value of 𝜆 does the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝜆 touches the ellipse

9𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 = 144.

Ans. 𝜆 = ±5
 BATCH CODE – TYPE HERE

• Subject Name- MATHEMATICS

• Chapter Name- ELLIPSE

Lecture No.- 2 By- Faculty Name

1 Equation of Tangent

2 Equation of Pair of Tangents Form External Point (x1,y1)

3 Director Circle of An Ellipse

4 Equation of The Normal

 Equation of Tangents in different forms:

(i) Point form :

xx1 yy1
+ = 1 is tangent to the ellipse at x1 , y1 .
a2 b2
(ii) Slope form :
𝑥2 𝑦2
Let the given line is 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 and given ellipse is + 2 = 1.
𝑎2 𝑏
Then equation of tangents are
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑚2 + 𝑏 2 or 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 − 𝑎2 𝑚2 + 𝑏 2
(iii) Parametric form :
xcos 𝜃 ysin 𝜃
+ =1
a b
𝑥2 𝑦2
is tangent to the ellipse, 2 + 2 = 1, at the point (acos 𝜃, bsin 𝜃).
𝑎 𝑏
NOTE:
𝛼+𝛽 𝛼+𝛽
cos sin
(i) Point of intersection of the tangents at the point 𝛼 & 𝛽 is 𝑎 2
𝛼−𝛽 ,b 2
𝛼−𝛽
cos cos
2 2

(ii) The eccentric angles of point of contact of two parallel tangents differ by 𝜋.
Conversely if the difference between the eccentric angles of two points is 𝜋
then the tangents at these points are parallel.
Question
Find the equations of the tangents to the ellipse 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 = 12
which are perpendicular to the line 𝑦 + 2𝑥 = 4.

Ans. 2𝑦 = 𝑥 ± 4
Question
How many real tangents can be drawn from the point (4,3) to
𝑥2 𝑦2
the ellipse + = 1. Find the equation these tangents &
16 9
angle between them.

𝜋
Ans. Two, 𝑥 = 4 & 𝑦 = 3,
2
 Question

Find the equations of the tangents to the ellipse 𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 = 16 each

one of which makes an angle of 60∘ with the 𝑥 - axis.

Ans. 𝑦 = 3𝑥 ± 7
Question
Find the locus of the foot of the perpendicular from the centre of the
𝑥2 𝑦2
ellipse + 2 = 1 on the chord joining two points whose eccentric
𝑎2 𝑏
𝜋
angles differ by .
2

Ans. 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 2 = 𝑎2 𝑥 2 + 𝑏2 𝑦 2 .
 Question

Equation of the tangent to an ellipse 9𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 = 144 passing from (2, 3).

Ans. 𝑦 = 3, 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 5
 Question
The area (in sq. units) of the quadrilateral formed by the tangents at the end
𝑥2 𝑦2
points of the latus rectum to the ellipse + = 1 is:
9 5

27 27
(A) (B) 27 (C) (D) 18
2 4

Ans. (B)
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2 −9
If the line 𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 12 is tangent to the ellipse + 2 = 1 at the point 3, ,
𝑎2 𝑏 2
then the length of the latus rectum of the ellipse is : [JEE(Main)-2019]

(A) 12 2 (B) 9 (C) 8 3 (D) 5

Ans. (B)
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 4 = 0 is a common tangent to 𝑦2 = 4𝑥& + 2 = 1. Then the value
4 𝑏
of 𝑏 and the other common tangent are given by :
(A) 𝑏 = 3; 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 4 = 0 (B) 𝑏 = 3; 𝑥 + 2𝑦 + 4 = 0
(C) 𝑏 = 3; 𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 4 = 0 (D) b = 3; x − 2y − 4 = 0

Ans. (A)
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
If slope of common tangent x2 + y2 = 12 and + = 1 is m find 12m2
16 9
[JEE Main 2021]

Ans. (9)
 Question
𝑥 2 +1
Find number of points on curve 𝑦 = from where two perpendicular
𝑥
𝑥2 𝑦2
tangents are drawn to ellipse + =1
16 9

Ans. (4)
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
If minimum area of triangle formed by tangents to + 2 = 1 with
𝑏2 4𝑎
coordinate axes is k (ab) Find k.

Ans. k =2
 Question
If tangents are drawn to the ellipse 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 2 at all points on the ellipse
other than its four vertices then the mid points of the tangents intercepted
between the coordinates axes lie on the curve [JEE (Main)-2021]
1 1 𝑥2 𝑦2
(A) 2 + 2 = 1 (B) + =1
4𝑥 2𝑦 2 4
𝑥 2 𝑦2 1 1
(C) + = 1 (D) + = 1
4 2 2𝑥 2 4𝑦 2

Ans. (D)
 Question
Locus of the point of intersection of the pair of tangents on an ellipse if the
difference of the point of eccentric angle of their point of contact is 2𝜋/3.

𝑥2 𝑦2
[Ans. 2 + 2 = 4ቃ
𝑎 𝑏
 Question
Let 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝜆 be positive real numbers. Suppose 𝑃 is an end point of the latus
𝑥2 𝑦2
rectum of the parabola 𝑦2 = 4𝜆𝑥, and suppose the ellipse + 2 = 1 passes
𝑎2 𝑏
through the point 𝑃. If the tangents to the parabola and the ellipse at the point 𝐏
are perpendicular to each other, then the eccentricity of the ellipse is
[JEE (Adv)-2020 ]
1 1 1 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2 3 5

Ans. (A)
 Equation of tangents from an external point:

Joint equation of line PA and PB is given by SS1 = T 2 .

𝑥2 𝑦2
Here 𝑆 ≡ + 2 −1
𝑎2 𝑏
x21 y21
S1 ≡ 2 + 2 − 1
a b
xx1 yy1
T≡ 2 + 2 −1
a b
Question
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A tangent to the ellipse + = 1 meets the ellipse + = 𝑎 + 𝑏 in the
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑎 𝑏
points P and Q; prove that the tangents at P and Q are at right angles.
Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
If tangents to the parabola 𝑦 2 = 4𝑎𝑥 intersect the ellipse + = 1
𝑎2 𝑏2
at 𝐴 and 𝐵, the find the locus of point of intersection of tangents at A
and B.

𝑏4
Ans. 𝑦 2 = − 3 ⋅𝑥
𝑎
Question
Find the locus of point of intersection of tangents at the extremities
𝑥2 𝑦2
of the chords of the ellipse + = 1 subtending a right angle at its
𝑎2 𝑏2
centre.

𝑥2 𝑦2 1 1
Ans. 4 + = +
𝑎 𝑏4 𝑎2 𝑏2
 Director Circle :
𝑥2 𝑦2
Equation of Director Circle for ellipse 2 + 2 = 1 is x2 + y2 = a2 + b2
𝑎 𝑏
Question
An ellipse slides between two perpendicular lines. Show that
the locus of its centre is a circle.
Question
A tangent to the ellipse 𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 = 4 meets the ellipse 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 6
at 𝑃 and 𝑄. Prove that the tangents at 𝑃 and 𝑄 of the ellipse
𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 6 are at right angles.
 Normal to an Ellipse:
(i) Point Form :
𝑥2 𝑦2
Equation of normal at 𝑃 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 to ellipse + = 1 is
𝑎2 𝑏 2
𝑎2𝑥 𝑏2𝑦
– = a2 – b2
𝑥1 𝑦1
(ii) Parametric Form : Equation of normal at 𝑃 (a cosq, b sinq)to ellipse
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦
+ = 1 is − = 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
𝑎2 𝑏2 𝑐𝑜s 𝜃 𝑠𝑖n 𝜃
 𝑥2 𝑦2
(iii) Slope Form : Equation of normal with slope m to an ellipse + 2 = 1 is
𝑎2 𝑏
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 𝑚
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 ±
𝑎 2 + 𝑏 2 𝑚2
 Question
Find the equation of the normal to the ellipse 9𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 = 288 at
the point (4,3).

Ans. 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 7
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
If the normal at the point 𝑃(𝜃) to the ellipse + = 1
3 2
intersects it again at the point 𝑄(2𝜃), then find cos 𝜃.

Ans. –1
Question
Find the shortest distance between the line 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10 and the
𝑥2 𝑦2
ellipse + =1
16 9

5
Ans.
2
 Question
𝑎𝑥 𝑏𝑦 𝑥2 𝑦2
If straight line + = c is a normal to the ellipse + 2 = 1(𝑎 > 𝑏), then
3 4 𝑎2 𝑏
𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 is equal to
(A) 4c (B) 5c (C) 6c (D) 2c

Ans. (B)
 Question
Tangent and normal to an ellipse 3x2 + 5y2 = 32 at P(2,2) meets x-axis at Q and
R. Find area of triangle PQR [JEE Mains 2019]

68
Ans.
15
 Question
If normal to ellipse 3x2 +4y2 = 12 at point P is parallel to 2x + y = 4 and tangent
to ellipse at P passes through Q(4,4) than distance PQ is equal to

5 5
Ans.
2
Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
If normal at one end of latus rectum" of ellipse + = 1 passes through
𝑎2 𝑏2
5−1
other end minor axis then show that e2 =
2
 Question
Find the equation of the largest circle with centre (1,0) that can be inscribed in
the ellipse 𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 = 16.

Ans: (𝑥 − 1)2 + 𝑦 2 = 11/3

Question
𝑥2 y2
Any ordinate NP of an ellipse + = 1 meets the auxiliary circle in the
a2 b2
corresponding point Q;
prove that the locus of the intersection of the normals at 𝑃 and 𝑄 is the circle
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 .
 BATCH CODE – TYPE HERE

• Subject Name- MATHEMATICS

• Chapter Name- ELLIPSE

Lecture No.- 3 By- Faculty Name

1 Equation of Chord Passing Through (a cosq, b sinq), (a cosf, b sinf)

2 Equation of The Chord With Middle Point (x1,y1)

3 Equation of The Chord of Contact

 Chord of Ellipse:

Equation of chord joining points P(a) & Q(b) is

𝑥 𝛼+𝛽 𝑦 𝛼+𝛽 𝛼−𝛽
co s + si n = co s
𝑎 2 𝑏 2 2
Important Result Related to Focal Chord :

If chord joining points P(a) & Q(b) is focal chord then

𝛼 𝛽 𝑒−1
tan tan =
2 2 𝑒+1
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
Write the equation of chord of an ellipse + = 1 joining
25 16
𝜋 5𝜋
two points 𝑃 and 𝑄 .
4 4

Ans. 4x = 5𝑦
Question
If P(𝛼) and P(𝛽) are extremities of a focal chord of ellipse then
𝛼−𝛽
cos
prove that its eccentricity 𝑒 = 2
𝛼+𝛽
cos 2
Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
Find the sum of squares of two diameters of the ellipse + =1
𝑎2 𝑏2
𝜋
whose extremities have eccentric angles differ by and show that it
2
is constant.

Ans. 4 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
Question
Show that the sum of squares of reciprocals of two perpendicular
𝑥2 𝑦2
diameters of the ellipse + 2 = 1 is constant. Find the constant
𝑎2 𝑏
also.

1 1 1
Ans. +
4 𝑎2 𝑏2
 Equation of Chord whose mid point (x1, y1)

Equation of this chord 𝐴𝐵 is T = S1

x21 y21
Here S1 ≡ + 2−1
a2 b
xx1 yy1
T≡ 2 + 2 −1
a b
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
Find the equation of chord of the ellipse + = 1 whose mid point be (−1,1).
16 9

Ans. (9x – 16y – 25 = 0)

 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
Find the equation of chord of the ellipse + = 1 whose mid point
16 9
be (1,1).

Ans. 9𝑥 + 16𝑦 = 25
 Question
𝑥2 𝑦2
Find the locus of mid-points of chords of the ellipse + 2 = 1 touching the
𝑎2 𝑏
𝑥2 𝑦2
ellipse + 2 = 1.
𝑐2 𝑑

2
𝑐2𝑥2 𝑑2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
[Ans. + = + ቉
𝑎4 𝑏4 𝑎2 𝑏2
 Question
Find the locus of the middle points of chords of an ellipse
(a) which subtend a right angle at their centre.
(b) the tangent at the ends of which intersect at right angles.

[Ans. (a) 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 𝑏 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑦 2 2 = 𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑏 4 𝑥 2 + 𝑎4 𝑦 2 ;
(b) 𝑎4 𝑏 4 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 𝑏 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 𝑦 2 2 ሿ
 Chord of contact

Line joining 𝐴 and 𝐵 is called the chord of contact 𝑃 𝑥1 , 𝑦1

of point 𝑃 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 w.r.t. the ellipse.
The equation of chord of contact is
𝑥𝑥1 y𝑦1
2
+ 2 =1
𝑎 𝑏
 Question
Tangents are drawn from the point (3,2) to the ellipse 𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 = 9.
Find the equation to their chord of contact and the equation of the straight line
joining (3,2) to the middle point of this chord of contact.

[Ans. 3𝑥 + 8𝑦 = 9; 2𝑥 = 3𝑦ሿ
 Question
If the chords of contact of tangents from two points 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 and
𝑥2 𝑦2
𝑥2 , 𝑦2 to the ellipse + = 1 are at right angles, then Find the
𝑎2 𝑏2
𝑥1 𝑥2
value of
𝑦1 𝑦2

𝑎4
Ans. − 4
𝑏
 BATCH CODE – TYPE HERE

• Subject Name- MATHEMATICS

• Chapter Name- ELLIPSE

Lecture No.- 4 By- Faculty Name

1 Co-normal points

2 Properties of normal and tangent

 Co-normal points

Points on the curve at which the normals pass through a common

point are known as co-normal points.
The sum of the slopes of the normals at conormal points is zero.
 Properties of Eccentric angles of the Co-normal points.
𝑥2 𝑦2
(i) Sum of eccentric angles of co-normal points on the ellipse + 2 =1
𝑎2 𝑏
is odd multiple of 𝜋.

(ii) If 𝜃1 , 𝜃2 and 𝜃3 are the eccentric angles of three points on the ellipse,
then normals at these points are concurrent
if sin 𝜃1 + 𝜃2 + sin 𝜃2 + 𝜃3 + sin 𝜃1 + 𝜃3 = 0
(iii) Co-normal points lie on a fixed curve:
Let 𝑃 𝑥1 , 𝑦1 , 𝑄 𝑥2 , 𝑦2 , 𝑅 𝑥3 , 𝑦3 and 𝑆 𝑥4 , 𝑦4 be co-normal points,
then PQRS lie on the curve 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑏 2 𝑘𝑥 − 𝑎2 ℎ𝑦 = 0
This curve is called Apollonian rectangular hyperbola.
Q(x2, y2) P(x1, y1)

T(h, k)

R(x3, y3) S(x4, y4)

(iv) The area of the triangle formed by the three points, on the
𝑥2 𝑦2
ellipse 2 + 2 = 1, whose eccentric angles are 𝜃1, 𝜃2 and 𝜃3 is
𝑎 𝑏
𝜃1−𝜃2 𝜃2−𝜃3 𝜃3−𝜃1
2𝑎𝑏sin sin sin .
2 2 2
 Properties of tangent and normal on ellipse :

(1) Tangent & normal at any point 𝑃 bisect

the external & internal angles between the
focal distances of 𝑆𝑃 & 𝑆 ′ 𝑃.
SG SP
∴ ′ = ′
SG SP
⇒ PG is bisector of angle ∠P in △ S ′ PS.
This is called reflection property of ellipse.

“If incoming light ray passes through focus S'(or S), strike the concave
side of ellipse the after reflection it will pass through other focus.”
(2) The locus of the point of intersection of feet of perpendicular
from foci on any tangent to an ellipse is the auxiliary circle.
(3) The product of perpendicular distance from the foci to any
tangent of an ellipse is equal to square of the semi minor axis.
(4) Tangents at the extremities of latus-rectum of an ellipse
intersect on the corresponding directrix.
(5) If the normal at any point P on the ellipse with centre C meet the
major & minor axes in G & g respectively' & if CF be perpendicular
upon this normal then
(i) PF. PG = b2
(ii) PF. Pg = a2
(6) The portion of the tangent to an ellipse between the point of
contact & the directrix subtends a right angle at the corresponding
focus.
(7) Image of focus in any Tangent lies on line joining point of contact
& other focus.
 Question
If foci of ellipse which touches 𝑥-axis are (1,2)&(4,5) then find eccentricity of
ellipse.

3
Ans. 𝑒=
29
 Question
3 3 𝑥2 𝑦2
If normal at 𝑃 2, meets major axis of ellipse + = 1 at 𝑄 then find
2 16 9
𝑆𝑄: 𝑆 ′ 𝑄 (where 𝑆&𝑆 ′ are foci)

8− 7
Ans.
8+ 7
 Question
If a quadrilateral is formed by drawing tangents at end point of latus rectum of
standard ellipse then find area outside of ellipse but inside of quadrilateral in
first quadrant.

2𝑎2 1
Ans. − 𝜋𝑎𝑏 ×
𝑒 4
Question
Any tangent to an ellipse is cut by the tangents at the ends of the
major axis in T and T ′ . Prove that circle on TT ′ as diameter passes
through foci.
 Equation of an ellipse referred to two perpendicular lines :

𝑥2 𝑦2
Given ellipse + =1 …(1)
𝑎2 𝑏2
Let 𝑃(𝑥, 𝑦) be any point on the ellipse,
then 𝑃𝑀 = 𝑦 & 𝑃𝑁 = 𝑥
PN2 PM2
∴ above equation can be written as + 2 =1 ….(2)
a2 b
From equation (2) we conclude that if perpendicular distances p1 & p2 of
a moving point P(x, y) from two mutually perpendicular straight lines
L1 ≡ 𝑙x + my + n1 = 0 & L2 ≡ mx − 𝑙y + n2 = 0 respectively
then equation of ellipse will be
𝑝22 p21
+ =1
a2 b2
2 2
mx − 𝑙y + n2 𝑙x + my + n1
𝑙 2 + m2 𝑙 2 + m2
⇒ + =1
a2 b2
 Question
Find the equation the ellipse whose axis are of length 6 & 2 6
and their equations are 𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 3 = 0 & 3𝑥 + 𝑦 − 1 = 0.

𝑥−3y+3 2 3𝑥+𝑦−1 2

Ans. 10
+ 10
=1
( 6)2 (3)2
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