USER MANUAL

B-TRIPLE LOG TRAILER

ON VOLVO FH16-610 6x4

ASSET IDENTIFICATION REFERENCE

PRODUCT ID : 1-0733
SERIAL NO : 100791-001 s/d 100821-001

WARNING
FAILURE TO READ AND FOLLOW THE OPERATOR’S MANUAL AND ALL
ASSOCIATED OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS CAN RESULT IN DEATH, BODILY
INJURY, AND/ OR PROPERTY DAMAGE

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1. INTRODUCTION

Thank you for purchasing a Sanggar Sarana Baja quality product

We appreciate having you as a customer and wish you many years of safe and satisfied use of your
product.

Using your product manual

This manual is an important part of your product and should always remain with the product.

Reading your product manual will help you and others avoid personal injury or damage to the
product or machine.

Information given in this manual will provide the operator and personnel utilising this product
with the safest and most effective use of the product.

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2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................2
2. TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................3
3. SPECIFICATIONS ..............................................................................................................................5
4. DIMENSION .....................................................................................................................................7
5. PRODUCT OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................8
6. GENERAL FEATURES ......................................................................................................................10
6.1 BODY CONSTRUCTIONS ......................................................................................................10
6.2 RUNNING GEAR ..................................................................................................................12
6.3 ELECTRICAL .........................................................................................................................12
6.4 ACCESSORIES ......................................................................................................................13
7. SAFETY...........................................................................................................................................14
7.1 SAFETY NOTES.....................................................................................................................14
7.2 OPERATING SAFETY ............................................................................................................15
7.3 ENGINE SAFETY ...................................................................................................................16
7.4 SERVICE SAFETY ..................................................................................................................16
7.5 WORKPLACE SAFETY ...........................................................................................................17
7.5.1 RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE WORKPLACE..................................................................17
7.5.2 RISK MANAGEMENT ..............................................................................................17
7.5.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) ...........................................................18
8 OPERATING PROCEDURES .............................................................................................................20
8.1 FOR BEGINNING OPERATION..............................................................................................20
8.1.1 PRE-OPERATION CHECK POINT ..............................................................................20
8.1.2 COUPLING ..............................................................................................................21
8.2 LOADING OPERATION .........................................................................................................22
8.2.1 LOADING TRUCKS...................................................................................................22
8.2.2 SAFE ZONE..............................................................................................................23
8.2.3 RISK OF LOADING LOGS .........................................................................................24
8.2.4 LANDING CONDITION ............................................................................................25
8.2.5 PLACING THE LOAD ON THE TRUCK .......................................................................26
8.2.6 SECURING THE LOAD .............................................................................................27
8.3 TRANSPORTING LOGS .........................................................................................................28
8.3.1 LOAD STABILITY AND TRUCK ROLLOVER ................................................................29

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 8.3.2 REDUCING RISK OF ROLLOVER .............................................................................29
8.4 UNLOADING OPERATION ....................................................................................................30
8.4.1 UNLOADING LOCATION........................................................................................30
8.4.2 SAFE WORK AREAS ...............................................................................................31
8.4.3 UNSTRAPING THE LOAD .......................................................................................31
8.4.4 UNLOADING AND STACKING OUT ........................................................................31
8.5 UNCOUPLING ......................................................................................................................32
8.6 SCHEMATIC .........................................................................................................................32
8.6.1 ELECTRIC SCHEMATIC ...........................................................................................33
8.6.2 AIR BRAKE KIT SCHEMATIC (4 AXLE) ....................................................................40
8.6.3 AIR BRAKE KIT SCHEMATIC (3 AXLE) ....................................................................43
9 MAINTENANCE...............................................................................................................................46
9.1 DAILY MAINTENANCE AND PRE-START CHECK RECOMENDATIONS ..................................47
9.1.1 DAILY MANTENANCE AND PRE-START CHECK FOR PRIMOVERS ...........................47
9.1.2 DAILY MANTENANCE AND PRE-START CHECK FOR TRAILER .................................48
9.2 GENERAL MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE..................................................................................49
10 WARRANTY TERM ........................................................................................................................51
11 DRAWING & CATALOGUE ............................................................................................................56

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3. SPECIFICATIONS
The main purpose B-triple trailers used to transport Wood & Pulp. This specification describes the
features of B-Triple Trailer used in conjunction with heavy duty 6x4 prime movers. With Gross
Combination Weight (GCW) of two hundred and twenty-eight (228) tons. Operational speed is
limited to a maximum fifty-five (55) km/hr. Trailers configuration is of two by four axle trailer, and
one by three axle trailer in road train configuration. Tractor head steer axle to last trailer axle
length is forty-two (42) meters.
B-Triple trailers capable of carrying a payload capacity of forty-five (45) tons to fifty-two (52) tons
each trailer with total 135 tons to 156 tons payload for one (1) set B-Triple configuration. Consist
of nine (9) bunks, with total bunk volume is three hundred and fifty-two (352) m3 per set. With
volume coefficient 0.7, wood density 0.55, and wood length 4 m. The tare weight of B-Triple Trailer
is 61ton (Trailer A = 21.2ton, Trailer B = 21.2-ton, Trailer C = 18.6 ton). Max Gross Combination
Weight (GCW) is two hundred and twenty-eight (228) tons.
Overall B-Triple Trailers length is forty-two (42) meter axle to axle. Maximum width of trailers is
three point seven (3.7) meters to timber bunk outside. Deck width 3.5 meter. Rear Overhang
(ROH) for Trailer C is 2500 mm. Overall trailer height ground to top stick is 4.7m with ground
clearance as low as practicable. Removable trailer stick height is 2.95 meters on step deck, and
3.15 meters on deck trailer. Bolster size is 120x83 mm using 80x80 mm hollow material. Bolster
mounting use container corner casting to fit on twist lock in trailer frame.
Calculation of COG (Center of gravity) and SRT (Static Rollover Threshold) minimum 0.35g (SRT
result is 0.399 - include with additional roll angle 3 degrees). Axle width using 2650mm.
Specification of the B-Triple Log Trailer are as follows:
SPECIFICATION OF B-TRIPLE LOG TRAILER
▪ Sub-frame fabricated “I” Beam of sufficient size and tensile strength,
with material using tensile strength of 490-610 MPa and tensile
strength of 780-930 MPa steel plate. Sub-frame use a 20 mm top
flange and a bottom flange. The bottom flange reinforced with a 16
mm thick doubler plate along gooseneck area.
▪ Both sides of the cross member are welded in the chassis area, the
joint of the cross member is welded.
▪ Skid plate constructed from 16 mm plate, wear resistance plate
material with 400 HBN hardness and tensile strength 1300 MPa. Skid
Trailer Construction plate fitted with a ninety (90) mm bolted Kingpin. The skid plate on
trailer A, trailer B, and trailer C have one location for the bolt in/drop-
in Kingpin.
▪ Fifthwheel have imposed load 36 tons suit 3 1/2" king pins, release
handle on the right hand side, Fifth wheel completed with manual
centralized grease system on 5 fifth wheel points.

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 ▪ Step deck with flat deck floor using checkered plate 4.5 mm and plate
3 mm for headboard. Headboard for all trailers and rearboard in
trailer C only.
▪ Each trailer equipped with 12 hooks for lashing, 6 on right side
between every stick, 3 on left side also between every stick.
▪ Each trailer equipped with box terpaulin for pulp on left side (size
1800x700x700)
▪ Axle use 18 ton capacity with axle length 2650 mm, Square beam
fitted with 10 stud ISO grease lubricated hubs to suit 335 mm PCD.
▪ Heavy Duty Mechanical (Leaf Spring) TEC Suspension to suit 18 ton
axle capacity.
Running Gear
▪ Tubeless Tire size is 325/95 R24 radial tubeless type, with spare two
(2) pcs of tire for each trailer.
▪ Steel wheel rim ISO 10 studs with PCD 335 mm.
▪ Brake system is fitted with axle 18-ton capacity with brake drum size
diameter 420mm x 200mm.
▪ Air system on trailers to have type 30/30 brake boosters using
hydraulic hoses.
▪ All air lines from trailer connection point to air tanks and braking
Brake System system to be run in protected conduit with steel pipe cover and
mounted in the corner of top flange chassis. All air lines using
hydraulic hose.
▪ Steel air tanks mounted with trailer chassis and all hoses protected.
Palm coupling position mounted in front and by full protection in
order to facilitate movement of hose spiral.
▪ Tail lights LED type with heavy duty steel protectors / turn indicators,
All cable protected in full length steel plastic conduit, main loom
using 7 core wire australian standard.
Electrical
▪ A strobe light and tail light shall mounted at the trailer C in upper side
of rearboard. All lights installed with anti theft protection. Strobe
light use heavy duty strobe light Beacon Amber.
▪ Socket 7 Pin connection.
▪ The trailer number is placed on each of the right and left sides of the
frame trailer using plate and add reflector, trailer number on
rearboard of trailer C, and reflector on edge rearboard of trailer C.
Accessories
▪ Landing Legs to support trailer steady standing.

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4. DIMENSION

Figure 01. Dimension

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5. PRODUCT OVERVIEW
TRAILER A & B

01

02

03 11

04

05

06 07 08 09 10

12 13

14

15 16 17 18

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 TRAILER C

19

20

21

22

Figure 02. Trailer A, B & C Overview

ITEM QTY PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION

01 2 - LIFTING LUG
02 1 SB80246 FRONT HEADBOARD
03 1 - FRONT SOCKET CONNECTOR
04 1 - SKID PLATE
05 1 G00000000000045765 KING PIN
06 1 - CHASSIS
07 1 G00000000000045805 LANDING LEG
08 1 - PARKING BRAKE
09 1 SB1073305 TARPAULIN BOX
10 1 - QUAD AXLE
11 12 SB80250 STICK
12 2 G00000000000046329 RUBBER MUDGUARD
13 1 G00000000000045759 FIFTH WHEEL
14 2 G00000000000037042 REAR MUDFLAPS
15 1 SB1073301010115 REAR BUMPER
16 1 - REAR SOCKET CONNECTOR
17 12 G00000000000045784 TWISTLOCK
18 3 SB80248 TIMBER BUNK
19 1 G00000000000045789 STROBE LIGHT
20 1 SB80247 REAR HEADBOARD (TRAILER C ONLY)
21 2 G00000000000040167 TRAILER LIGHTS
22 1 - TRIAXLE (TRAILER B)

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6. GENERAL FEATURES
The B-triple log trailers is made of heavy-duty material and can carry loads With Gross
Combination Weight (GCW) of two hundred and twenty-eight (228) tons and operational speed is
limited to a maximum 55 km/hr.
The main components of B-triple log trailers are Body Assy (subframe, floor, timber bunk with
stick, head board, rear bumper, tarpaulin box), running gear (axle, brake system), electrical &
accessories.

6.1 BODY CONSTRUCTIONS

Body B-Double Log Trailer consists of several main parts, namely:
• Sub-frame fabricated “I” Beam of sufficient size and tensile strength.
• floor using checkered plate.
• Headboard for each of trailer, Rear board on trailer C only.
• Removable Timber Bunk.
• Skid plate with 90mm king pin.
• Tarpaulin box on each of trailer.
• Rear Bumper

Figure 03. Main Runner

Figure 04. Floor

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 Figure 07. Removable Timber Bunk & Stick

Figure 08. Rear Bumper Figure 09. Tarpaulin Box

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6.2 RUNNING GEAR
For running gear this B-Double Trailer uses Quad axle with a capacity of 18T for A & B trailers.
As for the C trailer it uses a Tri axle 18T complete with heavy duty mechanical (Leaf Spring)
TEC Suspension and braking system.

Figure 10. Running Gear Configurations

6.3 ELECTRICAL
Tail lights LED type (Stop, Turn, Reverse) with heavy duty steel protectors mounted at rear
board of trailer C. Heavy duty strobe light Beacon Amber type mounted at upper rear board
of trailer C. All cable protected in full length steel plastic conduit.

Figure 11. Strobe Lamp Figure 12. Taillights

Figure 13. Connector Socket

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6.4 ACCESSORIES
To support the trailer steady standing when released from the prime over, landing legs is
fitted to the front of each the trailer. Equipped with a crank to raise or lower. Hose gantry at
the front of each trailer as a hanger for connecting air brake hoses and electrical cables. Twist
lock as a timber bunk hook, installed 12 pieces on each trailer. Fifth wheel installed at rear of
trailer.

Figure 14. Landing Legs Figure 15. Fifth Wheel

Figure 16. Twist Lock

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7. SAFETY

7.1 SAFETY NOTES

This is the safety alert symbol. It is used to alert you to potential personal injury
hazards. Obey all safety messages that follow this symbol to avoid possible injury or
death.

This manual contains DANGERS, WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, NOTICES and NOTES which must be
followed to prevent the possibility of improper service, damage to the equipment, personal
injury, or death. The following formatting options will apply when calling the reader’s
attention to the DANGERS, WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, NOTICES and NOTES.

Note: Notes contain additional information important to a procedure and will be found
within the regular text body of this manual.

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7.2 OPERATING SAFETY

Before using the unit, be sure to read and understand all the instructions. This
equipment was designed for specific applications; DO NOT modify or use this
equipment for any application other than which it was designed for. Equipment
operated improperly or by untrained personnel can be dangerous. Read the operating
instructions and familiarize yourself with the location and proper use of all instruments
and controls. Inexperienced operators should receive instruction from someone
familiar with the equipment before being allowed to operate or set up the unit. The
following points should be always practiced:

▪ Do not operate a trailer in a confined, non-ventilated space.

▪ Do not operate a trailer on an unstable / slippery surface.
▪ Do not allow any children or untrained personnel operate a trailer.
▪ Do not Access the body of a trailer without a safety harness.
▪ Do not put any body part including hands or feet near any moving part.
▪ Do not release any hydraulic or engine oil while in operation as this can result in
injury or even death.
▪ Do not remove any shields unless servicing a trailer, ensure shields are out back
into place and tightened before operating.
▪ Do not be near the module while starting and running the engine.
▪ Do not reverse without inspecting your surroundings.
▪ Do not contact any moving or running part inside of the module while operating.
▪ NEVER start a unit in need of repair.
▪ NEVER operate the unit on a combustible surface.
▪ NEVER operate a unit while tired or under the influence of drugs or alcohol.
▪ DO NOT wear radio or music headphones while operating the machine.
▪ Keep all body parts, clothing, and other loose items away from moving parts.
▪ NEVER use the unit if insulation on electrical cord is cut or worn through.
▪ DO NOT fill fuel tank near an open flame, while smoking, or while engine is running.
DO NOT fill tank in an enclosed area with poor ventilation.
▪ DO NOT operate with the fuel tank cap loose or missing.
▪ Shut the engine down if any of the following conditions exist during operation:
1. Noticeable change in engine speed.
2. Loss of electrical output.
3. Equipment connected to the unit overheats.
4. Sparking occurs.
5. Engine misfires or there is excessive engine/generator vibration.
6. Protective covers are loose or missing.
7. If the ambient air temperature is above 120°F (49°C).

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7.3 ENGINE SAFETY

Internal combustion engines present special hazards during operation and fuelling.
Failure to follow the safety guidelines described below could result in severe injury or
death. Read and follow all safety warnings described in the engine operator's manual.
▪ DO NOT run engine indoors or in an area with poor ventilation unless exhaust hoses
are used. Engine exhaust contains carbon monoxide, a deadly, odourless, and
colourless gas which, if inhaled, can cause nausea, fainting or death.
▪ DO NOT touch or lean against hot exhaust pipes or engine components.
▪ DO NOT clean air filter with gasoline or other types of low flash point solvents.
▪ DO NOT operate the unit without a functional exhaust system.
▪ Prolonged exposure to sound levels more than 85 dB(A) can cause permanent
hearing loss. Wear hearing protection when working around a running engine.
▪ Batteries contain sulfuric acid which can cause severe injury or death. Sulfuric acid
can cause eye damage, burn flesh, or eat holes in clothing. Protective eye wear and
clothing are necessary when working on or around the battery. Always disconnect
the negative (-) battery cable from the corresponding terminal before performing
any service on the engine or other components.
▪ NEVER open the radiator cap or oil drain plug while the engine is running or before
the engine has cooled down. Allow the unit to cool completely before attempting
any service work.
▪ Keep area around exhaust pipes and air ducts free of debris to reduce the chance
of an accidental fire.

7.4 SERVICE SAFETY

All service work must be performed by qualified personnel who are familiar with the
equipment. Follow the safety guidelines described below to prevent hazardous
situations which could result in severe injury or death.

▪ NEVER wash any part of the electrical system with high pressure hoses, power
washers, or steam cleaners. Water may collect in the electrical system (control
panel or electrical line), causing damage to electrical parts.
▪ Replace all missing and hard to read decals. Decals provide important operating
instructions and warn of dangers and hazards.
▪ Before servicing the unit, make sure the Key switch and circuit breakers in the OFF
(O) position, and the negative (-) terminal on the battery is disconnected. NEVER
perform even routine service unless all electrical components are shut down.
▪ The circuit breakers must be in the OFF (O) position when starting the unit.
▪ Wear heavy leather gloves when handling hose.

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7.5 WORKPLACE SAFETY

7.5.1 RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE WORKPLACE

In forestry operations, the risk of death or serious injury increases significantly when workers
are not effectively separated from the known hazards of mobile plant and logs.
Responsibilities when you are at work:
• Take reasonable care of your own safety.
• Take care of the safety of others who may be affected by what you do or fail to do.
• Cooperate with any actions taken by your employer to comply with health and safety
laws.
• Never intentionally or recklessly interfere or misuse anything provided at your
workplace in the interests or health, safety, and welfare.
• Report hazards and incidents.

In practice, this means should:

• Follow all reasonable directions of employers and people in charge of workplace.

These directions may take the form of signs, operating procedures, site inductions or
user
manuals for the truck or machine are using.
• Speak up and question any rules or directions that don’t make sense or may make a
problem worse.
• Not interfere or alter safety features of the truck or machine you are operating.
• Use all the safety equipment you have been supplied, including personal protective
equipment.

7.5.2 RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk management is intended to be opportunity to improve a job. If done properly, most risk
assessments result in a change to the way a job is done and make it easier and safer to do.
Risk management involves four steps:

• Identify hazards – find out what could cause harm.

• Assess Risks – understand the nature of the harm that could be caused by the
hazard, how serious the harm could be and the likelihood of it happening.
• Control Risks – implement the most effective control measure that is reasonably
practicable in the circumstances.
• Review Control Measures to ensure they are working as planned.

Unless there are already well-known and effective controls in use in workplace, must should
involve in a risk assessment when:

• Start working on a new site.

• Start working in a new or modified truck or machine.
• Something goes wrong and someone is hurt or nearly hurt.
• Changed the type of logs are carting.

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 7.5.3 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
PPE is an abbreviation for Personal Protective Equipment. These are things that you can
wear to reduce the chance of a serious injury. When outside the cabin of a truck or machine,
people working in haulage operations are expected to wear:

SAFETY HELMETS

• To protect the head from impact and falling objects.

• Do not write or stick anything on the shell of the helmet.
• The helmet should be replaced every two years or sooner if
damaged.
• The date your safety helmet was issued to you should be written
inside your helmet on the sticker supplied.

HIGH VISIBILITY CLOTHING

• High visibility clothing should be always worn as the outer most

garment.
• When working in dull or dark conditions you should wear a
retroreflective garment. To be compliant with the Australian
standard they must have the letter ‘N’ on their label.
• The high visibility garment should be worn so that it cannot
become entangled.
• Garments should be replaced when they become badly
damaged, soiled or faded.

SAFETY FOOTWEAR

• You should wear lace-up footwear that has ankle protection.

• A protective toe of Class 1 is recommended.
• Failure to wear protective footwear can result in broken toes.
• Protective footwear should be cleaned regularly.
• Boots should be replaced when treads become worn.
• Boots should be replaced when the upper is damaged, to ensure
that the protective toe is not exposed.

EYE PROTRCTION

• Protect from dust or other debris get in eyes.

• It takes a while for your eyes to get used to wearing eye
protection. If you get headaches or dizziness you may need to
• change the task, you’re doing to let your eyes adjust. If glasses
are too tight, they can cause headaches. Make sure your eye
protection is comfortable.

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 HAND PROTECTION

The type of glove you wear should be matched with the type of
hazard. Examples are listed below.
• Abrasive Hazards ˃˃˃ (like lashings) Leather / Pigskin gloves.
• Fuels / Oils ˃˃˃ PVC Gloves
• Gloves should be replaced if the seams have failed, there is wear
between the fingers or there are any other obvious faults.

HEARING PROTECTION

• You should wear either earplugs or earmuffs when instructed by

your work procedures or when a blue sticker displaying earmuffs
is attached to the machine or piece of equipment you are
operating.
• If the earmuff cushion does not form a tight seal around the ear,
the earmuff will not be effective.
• You are encouraged to wear hearing protection whenever you
operate plant.

SUN PROTECTION

• You should wear long-sleeved, collared shirts and broad-

brimmed hats, even while working in areas that are shaded.
• Sunscreen should be reapplied every two hours.

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8 OPERATING PROCEDURES
The purpose of this Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is to provide guidance that must be
followed by the user related to the operation of Log Trailer, the following is the recommended
priority for the procedure:

8.1 FOR BEGINNING OPERATION

Prior to trailer operation, it is the operator’s responsibility to complete a daily check over
the Log Trailer and Prime Mover Truck:
▪ Read and understand all safety sections at the beginning of this manual.
▪ Ensure all maintenance procedures are up to date. For more information, refer to
“General Maintenance”.
▪ Maintain a log of daily Pre-Start Checklists to ensure all checks are carried out.
▪ Check the tyre pressures daily - Refer to the tyre manufacturers specifications on the
wall of the tyre (max cold 120 psi is normal).
▪ Check fluid levels - engine oil, hydraulic oil, grease.
▪ Grease all moving parts daily - drive shaft, suspension etc. – make sure you have located
all grease nipples for your individual trailer and prime mover as positions may vary from
trailer/truck to trailer/truck.
▪ Check fuel level in fuel tank the trailer.
▪ Look for leaks under the trailer/truck - oil, fuel, grease.
▪ Check for worn or rubbing hoses/piping on the trailer.

8.1.1 PRE-OPERATION CHECK POINT

8.1.1.1 Check all around condition.
8.1.1.2 Check that all lights work.
8.1.1.3 Check that all reflectors are in place and not obscured.
8.1.1.4 Visually inspect all heavy duty walking beam suspension for broken.
8.1.1.5 Check tire pressures. Tyres should be inflated to tire manufacturer's
specifications.
8.1.1.6 Check the wheel lugs are tight and the rims are not slipping.
8.1.1.7 On Wheels with see through hubs, check the oil level in the wheel hubs. Add
as needed.
8.1.1.8 Make sure the spare tire is secure in the carrier.
8.1.1.9 Make sure there is sufficient air pressure in the air tank for braking system.
8.1.1.10 Set trailer parking brakes and rock the trailer back and forth to test the
brakes.
8.1.1.11 Check for chaffed hoses, piping and cracked fittings.
8.1.1.12 Inspect for any apparent damage, look for oil, air or fuel leaks.

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 8.1.2 COUPLING
8.1.2.1 Prior to coupling the tractor truck (prime mover) to the trailer chock the rear
trailer tyres.
8.1.2.2 Line up the fifth wheel of the tractor truck (prime mover) to the trailer.
kingpin.
CAUTION

If the nose of the trailer is too low, the ramming force needed to lift the
trailer will damage the nose of the trailer. If the nose of the trailer is too
high, the kingpin may override the jaws of the fifth wheel and result in fifth
wheel damage or a "high hook-up"

8.1.2.3 Exit the cab and check the height of the fifth wheel. Verify that the nose of
the trailer will make first contact with the fifth wheel just back of the fifth
wheel center line. Adjust the landing leg to achieve the correct trailer height.
8.1.2.4 Back the tractor until the fifth wheel coupler jaws engage the kingpin. When
the king pin is engaged. Pull the vehicle forward to check for a positive
hookup.
8.1.2.5 Exit the cab and attach air, hydraulics and electrical connectors at the
bulkhead.
8.1.2.6 Make sure the kingpin is locked in fifth wheel coupler jaws and that the fifth
wheel release handle is not pulled.
8.1.2.7 Enter the cab and charge the trailer brakes with air. To check the coupling
try to power the tractor/trailer forward and back. The brakes should stop
motion in either direction.
8.1.2.8 Exit the cab, push the crank handle in to engage low gear, and raise the
support legs. Stow the crank handle.

Figure 17. Landing Legs Operation

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8.2 LOADING OPERATION
The process of loading operation for Logging or mining vehicles may only be carried out by
persons who are trained or certified according to applicable regulations. The process of
loading operation is only recommended using the recommended equipment and according
to the required safety regulations and in the specific location that has been determined.

The driver and loader are both responsible for ensuring that the logs are placed on the truck
trailer, so they comply with all mass, dimension, and load restraint laws.

The loader is responsible for identifying a safe zone for the driver and ensuring that loading
does not proceed unless the driver tells them that it is safe to start loading.

Prior to loading commencing the driver and loader should agree on the safe zone for drivers
during the loading operation.

8.2.1 LOADING TRUCKS

LIFE THREATENING HAZARDS

TRUCK DRIVERS HAVE BEEN KILLED AND SERIOUSLY INJURED DURING

LOADING OPERATIONS.

The main cause of truck driver fatality during loading operations is a failure of
drivers to remain in their safe zone during the loading operation.
Never enter the loader operator’s work zone while logs are handled.

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 8.2.2 SAFE ZONE
The driver and loader operator should agree in writing the location of the safe zone
for the driver prior to loading commencing.

The safe zone should have risk controls that address the following:
• Logs falling on driver from mobile plant.
• Logs falling on driver from trailer.
• Verbal communication between driver and loader operator.
• Visibility of driver to loader operator.

The safe zone may include the cabin of the truck if the above risk controls are
addressed, and state and worksite standards allow it. However, the cabin is not an
acceptable safe zone if logs are lifted over the truck cabin.

SAFE ZONE RECOMMENDED FOR LOCATIONS OUT OF VEHICLES

Figure 18. Safety Zone

The high-risk zone for the loader is an area described by the boom length plus a half
log length of the mobile plant. Safe zones must be established outside the high-risk
zone. Visual barricades may be installed to identify the loader’s work area.
High risk zones are:
• Opposite side of the vehicle from the mobile plant,
• Opposite side of log stacks from the mobile plant, or
• Anywhere closer to the mobile plant that is less than 15 metres.

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 Figure 19. High Risk Zone

8.2.3 RISK OF LOADING LOGS

In addition to the life-threatening hazards identified in previous sections, loading of
logs presents several risks that drivers and operators need to understand and
implement risk solutions.

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 Soft ground conditions can destabilise mobile plant during the loading of logs. This
can result in the logs sliding out of the grips or the mobile plant toppling sideways.

Figure 20. Soft Ground Condition Loading

8.2.4 LANDING CONDITION

The landing area presents risks due to the nature of the geography and the lack of
permanent infrastructure for loading vehicles.

Maximum lift when operating on a slope, more than five degrees must be reduced
from maximum capacity. Operating on side slopes can cause logs to slide out of grips
from mobile plant loading trucks. Side slopes can also destabilise the mobile plant
during loading.

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 8.2.5 PLACING THE LOAD ON THE TRUCK
The load must be placed on the vehicle to ensure:
• The load can be restrained effectively
• The load does not destabilise the vehicle
• The load remains stable when applying and removing lashings
• The load is not contaminated with items that can fall from the vehicle in transit.

The objectives when building a load are to:

• Maximise the friction between the outer logs and the trailer
• Ensure that contact between internal logs is maximised.

In order to achieve this, the loader operator should:

• Begin building the first layer of logs from the furthest side
• If possible, place larger logs at the base of the load
• Alternate logs with large tapers so that the top of the load is flat
• Ensure short logs not create a point of weakness in the load.
• Use your boom to compact the load progressively.

The base of the load affects the whole load. It is good practice to stop two or three
times during the load build to consolidate the previous layer of logs.

Putting a heavy log 20 cm lower in the base of the load will have the same effect on
truck stability as placing it 60 cm lower at the top.

Figure 21. Loading Configuration

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 8.2.6 SECURING THE LOAD
Once the loader has completed placing logs onto truck, the driver must apply
sufficient lashings to the load to satisfy the load restraint performance standard. The
driver should walk around the load to check the load is compliant with mass,
dimension and crowning requirements.

The driver should conduct a risk evaluation of the load to determine the number and
types of lashings that need to be applied. A risk assessment should be available for
each configuration of logs that is hauled. The risk assessment should consider:
• Log friction
• Log overhang past stanchion
• Load height
• Lashing capacity
• Lashing pre-tension
• The availability of load blocking devices

The outcome of the risk assessment should specify:

• The number and type of lashings required,
• The lashing pre-tension required, and
• Any requirement to apply additional belly chains to assist with unitising the load.

Consignors and receivers should ensure that trucks have the capacity to adequately
restrain specific log types when planning haulage operations and transport operators
should ensure drivers are provided with the appropriate equipment.
Use Lashing pre-tension and belly chain for tie the load.

Figure 22. Log Securing

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 The hazards that need to be controlled while applying lashings:
Securing logs on trailers once loading has been completed presents risks to drivers.

8.3 TRANSPORTING LOGS

TRUCKS HAVE BEEN INVOLVED IN INCIDENTS THAT HAVE RESULTED IN THE DEATH
AND SERIOUS INJURIES OF DRIVERS AND OTHER ROAD USERS WHILE
TRANSPORTING LOGS AND OTHER FOREST PRODUCE.

The main factors involved with these deaths are:

• Vehicle collisions.
• Truck roll overs.
• Logs and other material falling off trucks.

To address these issues drivers must:

• Ensure speed is appropriate for road condition and load configuration.
• Check lashing tension is maintained throughout the journey.
• Ensure there are no unrestrained logs or other debris that can fall out of the back or side of the
load.
• Take designated rest breaks.

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 8.3.1 LOAD STABILITY AND TRUCK ROLLOVER
The stability of log and other forest products in transit is a key issue for drivers and
operators. The key factors that impact stability is the load centre of mass and vehicle
speed. Logs and other forest products that are loaded to maximum height are at high
risk of vehicle rollover. Static Rollover Threshold (SRT) is used to evaluate vehicle
rollover risk. SRT is a measure of the sideways acceleration of the vehicle required to
cause a rollover. The higher the sideways force (SRT) required to roll the vehicle, the
better the stability of the vehicle. To reduce the risk of rollover to medium or low,
the SRT should be 0.35 g or more.

8.3.2 REDUCING RISK OF ROLLOVER

To reduce rollover risk, the following vehicle specifications should be considered
suspension and electronic roll stability.

A. Suspension
Airbag suspension typically provides an improved resistance to rollover due to
the limitation of maximum travel of the suspension.

Steel leaf suspension systems provide better initial resistance to rollover,

however suspension travel can increase markedly once maximum loads are
exceeded, resulting in significant sideways tilt of the vehicle.

Airbag suspensions maximise overall suspension stability

B. Electronic Roll Stability

Electronic roll stability provides a system that samples the vehicle stability at the
commencement of the journey and applies braking to individual axles to reduce
vehicle speed during cornering. Rollover risk is minimised by reducing vehicle
speed as the combination approaches rollover instability.

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8.4 UNLOADING OPERATION

TRUCK DRIVERS HAVE BEEN KILLED DURING AND SERIOUSLY INJURED

DURING UNLOADING OPERATIONS.

8.4.1 UNLOADING LOCATION

Once arrive at an unloading facility, are required to follow the rules of the site. May
need to complete an induction prior to entering the facility. Each site will be
different but should familiarise with the following:

• The process for weighing or estimating your load.

• That paperwork needs to give and.
• Where to park so that can remove lashings safely.
• Where to stand when your truck is unloaded.
• Who to ask for help.
• First aid and incident management plans.
• The location of facilities for meals and rest breaks.

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 8.4.2 SAFE WORK AREAS
In order to safely unload a truck carrying logs a driver needs:

• A safe area to unstrap the load.

• A safe area to stand while logs are lifted off the trailer.
• Marking exclusion zone

8.4.3 UNSTRAPING THE LOAD

Wait until the unstrapping zone is free. Proceed to unstrapping zone, fit personal
protective equipment and remove lashings. Inspect load for hazards. These may
include logs that have moved or broken since secured lashings. If concerned that the
load is unsafe ask the loader for assistance. Use the following unbuckling procedure:

• Release tension from lashing(s).

• Unhook shackle(s).
• Pull lashing to check it is free to move.
• If it is free to move, begin pulling lashing off load while walking backwards
slowly.
• Once you are five paces from truck slowly pull remainder of lashing off load.
• Watch top of load to check for any log movement and the location of the shackle
• If lashing becomes snagged stop pulling lashing and contact loader on UHF and
follow machine assisted unstrapping procedure.

8.4.4 UNLOADING AND STACKING OUT

• Proceed slowly to unloading zone with load unstrapped.
• Never drive past a pedestrian or other driver unstrapping their load while your load is
unstrapped.
• Ask loader for permission to enter unloading area.
• Secure truck, fit personal protective equipment and move into safe zone.
• Notify loader operator when you reach safe zone.
• Leave safe zone when loader operator notifies you that it is safe.
• If necessary, proceed to a safe area to fold and secure trailers.
• Exit site.

Loader operators should not commence unloading until driver notifies

them, they are in the safe zone. Warning log stacks can be unstable.
Pedestrians should be excluded from the area around log stacks.

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8.5 UNCOUPLING
8.1.5.1 Set the trailer parking brakes and place chocks in front of the Low
Loader/Trailer wheels.
8.1.5.2 Exit the cab and lower the landing legs. Place the crank in high gear and turn
the handle clockwise until the landing legs contact the ground.
8.1.5.3 Place the crank in low gear and crank the handle several turns to transfer the
trailer weight to the landing legs.
8.1.5.4 Disconnect hydraulic lines, electrical connectors and air brake lines at the
bulkhead.
8.1.5.5 Pull and unlock the fifth wheel release handle.
8.1.5.6 Enter the cab and slowly move the prime mover forward until clear of the
Low Loader/Trailer.

8.6 SCHEMATIC
This Trailer is equipped with electrical system for lighting, air brake system for the braking
system and a manual greasing port that functions to provide lubrication at a predetermined
point. The following is a schematic of the 3 systems that have been installed in the Trailer:

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 8.6.1 ELECTRIC SCHEMATIC

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 8.6.2 AIR BRAKE KIT SCHEMATIC (4 AXLE)

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 8.6.3 AIR BRAKE KIT SCHEMATIC (3 AXLE)

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9 MAINTENANCE

Drain air tanks daily to avoid moisture in air lines, air switches and brake system. Normal maintenance
service and replacement of parts are the responsibility of the owner/operator and, as such, are not
considered defects in materials or workmanship within the terms of the warranty. It is strongly
recommended that the equipment be periodically checked by a Products Manufacturer (PT. Sanggar
Sarana Baja).

At 1000 km:
▪ check tightening of the wheel nuts.
This check must be performed each time a wheel is removed. The tightening torque should be between
600 and 700 Nm.
▪ Retight the suspension and re-align the axles (Annex 1)

Every month:
change the grease of the disc of the 5th wheel after cleaning the disc and the King Pin, of all the elements
of the vehicle to grease to ensure the good operation. Also perform manual greasing on the
axle/suspension sections that have been connected through the hose and cetralized on the greasing points
mounted on the rear trailer.

Every 3 months:
check the condition of the brake pads, for disc brakes, this warning light is located on the brake caliper, as
indicated on the axle maintenance manual. For drum brakes, the warning light is located on the automatic
brake levers.

Every 6 months:
Re-tighten the suspension elements and clean the valve filters.

Once a year:
Check the joints, and also tighten the suspension to ensure proper operation and re-align axles (Annex 1),
also clean the valve filters.
NOTICE!
These intervals have been made for normal use of the Low Loader; these intervals are shortened in case
of using the Low Loader in very hard conditions. In addition to the basic reviews, a thorough inspection
is recommended before each trip or suspected of malfunction.

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9.1 DAILY MAINTENANCE AND PRE-START CHECK RECOMENDATIONS
Vehicles involved in the transport of logs and other forest products often operate in very demanding
conditions. To maximise the operational safety and reliability of these vehicles, a suitable
maintenance and pre-start check regime should be in place.
The recommended pre-start checks for prime movers and trailers are provided in the tables below:

9.1.1 DAILY MANTENANCE AND PRE-START CHECK FOR PRIMOVERS

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 9.1.2 DAILY MANTENANCE AND PRE-START CHECK FOR TRAILER

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9.2 GENERAL MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

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 NOTES:

1. The life expectancies of the various components are estimates only.

2. Check manufacturer's recommendations on all service information.

3. All equipment should be serviced using good engineering maintenance practices.

4. Observe all safety warnings.

5. Always use genuine spares and recommended tools.

6. Maintain cleanliness to avoid contamination.

Specific maintenance schedules and replacement parts can be seen in the maintenance schedule on products
7
manufacturer related.

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10 WARRANTY TERM

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11 DRAWING & CATALOGUE

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