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Pertemuan 2
Pertemuan 2
Si
Pertemuan IV
Bivariate Normal Distribution
• The generalization of the well-
known normal distribution to
multiple variables is called the
multivariate normal distribution
(MVN).
• Many multivariate techniques rely
on this distribution in some manner.
• Although real data may never come
from a true MVN, the MVN provides
a robust approximation, and has
many nice mathematical properties.
• Furthermore, because of the central
limit theorem, many multivariate
statistics converge to the MVN
distribution as the sample size
increases.
> library(rgl)
> library(plot3D)
> library(plot3Drgl)
> library(squash)
> library(MASS)
> #scatterplot
> plot(bvn1[,1],bvn1[,2],pch=20)
> smoothScatter(bvn1[,1],bvn1[,2],colramp = rainbow2)
95%
(-1.22 , 1.22)
(2.12 , 2.12)
Example 2
Major axis
Minor axis
> library(mixtools)
> library(MASS)
> mu1<-c(5,10)
> Sig1<-matrix(c(9,16,16,64),nrow = 2)
> plot(bvn,xlab="X1",ylab="X2")
> ellipse_bvn(bvn,.5)
> ellipse_bvn(bvn,.1)
> ellipse_bvn(bvn,.05)
Example 3
95% Confidence
Region:
If X has a multivariate normal distribution, then:
X
f(X|Y=50)
f(X|Y=30)
Just a review
Multivariate Case
Sampling Distribution of ∑
Law of Large Numbers
Central Limit Theorem
ASSESSING MULTIVARIATE
NORMALITY
qj = (j–.5)/n, j = 1, 2,..., n.
Exercise