43

CHAPTER III

Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusion and

recommendation of the study about Folk Healing Amidst Modern Times:

Health Beliefs and Practices among Selected Adults.

Summary of Findings

The researchers had interviewed 10 individuals from Brgy. Linao,

Ormoc City, Leyte, whose ages are within 30-70 years old, with a total of

6 females and 4 males by the use of the purposive sampling technique.

Researchers found out that the most preferred folk healer is Brad Teroy,

who was chosen from 5 respondents out of 10, and that 7 out of 10

respondents seek help when they experience sickness like sprains,

dizziness, fever, and lisa-lisa. In addition, researchers have also found out

that 6 out of 10 respondents said that factors that influence their health

seeking behaviors and folk healing preferences are because of their faith

and family influences, and that they have benefited physiologically from it

because of its efficacy (8 out of 10 respondents) and successful treatment

from the folk healers (9 out of 10 respondents).

Furthermore, in terms of the demographic profile of the

respondents, out of 100%, 60% ranged in age from 30 to 50 years old,

and another 60% were females, 30% were on elementary level, and 30%

were high school graduates for their educational attainment.

 44

90% were Roman Catholics, Folk healing is reported by Catholics

as the result of intercessory prayer to a saint or to a person with the gift of

healing. According to John Cavadini, when healing is granted, "The

miracle is not primarily for the person healed, but for all people, as a sign

of God's work in the ultimate healing called 'salvation', or a sign of the

kingdom that is coming." Some might view their own healing as a sign

they are particularly worthy or holy. According to the U.S. Catholic

magazine, "Even in this skeptical, postmodern, scientific age miracles

really are possible."

Conclusion

In conclusion, the researchers do believe in folk healing;

nevertheless, the researchers are all student nurses; furthermore, the

researchers trusted and believed in western medicine owing to the fact

that it is proven and tested in all different types of illnesses; moreover, it

was studied by all professional doctors.The researchers as well have this

trust in the beliefs and traditions of folk healing, and all the researchers

are Roman Catholic, as evidenced by the result of this study that all

Roman Catholics do believe in folk healing.

Folk Healing is perceived by patrons from Brgy. Linao, Ormoc City

to be effective in alleviating and healing health concerns. The acquisition

of such effectiveness of folk healing is attributed to satisfaction from

respondents’ prior experiences, low educational attainment, upkeeping of

and belief in family tradition, low economic status, and distrust in the

current healthcare system. Through the gathered data that presents the
 45

experiences of the respondents, this study was able to contribute

qualitative data about the folk healing in Brgy. Linao, Ormoc City.

Therefore, this study has paved an avenue for a better, deeper, and

meaningful way of understanding the influences and works of folk healing

in the midst of modern times.

This study aids health professionals and other professionals

working in the medical field in learning about folk healing and better

understanding patients who patronize such, subsequently aiding them in

providing a holistic treatment approach. A physician's effort in guiding a

patient's desire of blending folk healing with western medicine can help

bridge communication gaps by providing opportunities for open-minded

health education, establishing trust, and improving doctor-patient

relationship, eventually leading to better treatment outcomes and overall

experience for the patient.

Recommendations

Future studies may be recommended in light of the findings of this

study. Additional research is needed to clarify how different types of

religious involvement may mediate the health beliefs and practices in this

modern times. For future research, this study recommends utilizing a

larger sample size for data saturation, yielding more responses and newly

gathered data about the topic at hand. Furthermore, future studies may

shift the focus on albularyos and their perspective on human health and

health-seeking behaviors.
 46

REFERENCES

The Mananambals and Their Functions in Philippine Culture. (n.d.). from

https://www.msuiit.edu.ph/academics/colleges/cass/research/langki

t/2017/Article%205.pdf

Velez, M. C. N. (2021). Folk Healing Narratives: A Grounded Theory.

Journal of English Education and Linguistics, 2(1), 93–110.

https://doi.org/10.56874/jeel.v2i1.407

Rondilla, N. A., Rocha, I. C. N., Roque, S. J. R., Lu, R., Apolinar, N.,

Solaiman-Balt, A., Abion, T. J., Banatin, P. B., & Javier, C. V.

(2021). Folk Medicine in the Philippines: A Phenomenological

Study of Health-Seeking Individuals. International Journal of

Medical Students, 9(1), 25–32.

https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2021.849

Sharma, D., Gupta, V., Saxena, K., Shah, U. M., & Singh, U. P. (2020).

Role of Faith healers: A barrier or a support system to medical

care- a cross sectional studyRole of faith healers: A barrier or a

support system to medical care, a cross sectional study. Journal of

Family Medicine and Primary Care, 9(8), 4298.

https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_868_20

Filipino Traditional Medicine.report. (n.d.). Scribd.

https://www.scribd.com/doc/22046305/Filipino-Traditional-Medicine

-report#scribd,2009

Brazier, Y. (2018, November 16). What was ancient medicine like

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323633
 47

Arens, R. (1957, January 1). The tambalan and his medical practices in

Leyte and Samar Islands, Philippines. EurekaMag.

https://eurekamag.com/research/025/951/025951967.php

LaMorte, W., MD, PhD, MPH. (2022). The Health Belief Model. from

https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/SB/BehavioralChan

geTheories/BehavioralChangeTheories2.html

Friel B. (2023, June 10). Faith healing. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.,

from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faith_healing

#:~:text=Faith%20healing

Oledan E.J. (2017). Folk healing practices: Reflecting an Inculturation of

Catholic faith. Philippine EJournals| Home.

https://ejournals.ph/article.php?id=13485

Cruz M. (2022, June). Traditional healers as health care providers for the

Latine community in the United States, a systematic review.

PubMed Central (PMC).

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/ PMC9257545/

Ronda N.,. (2021). Folk medicine in the Philippines: A phenomenological

study of health-seeking individuals. International Journal of

medical students. International Journal of Medical Students.

https://ijms.info/IJMS/article/view/849/1164

Lieban, R. W. (1962). The Dangerous Ingkantos: Illness and Social

Control in a Philippine Community. American Anthropologist,

64(2), 306–312. http://www.jstor.org/stable/666601

 48

Alegre J. (2019). The Waray culture of the Philippines. Academia.edu -

Share research. https://www.academia.edu/8631312/

The_Waray_Culture_of_the_Philippines

Genet J. (2014). Cultural beliefs on disease causation in the Philippines:

Challenge and implications in genetic counseling. PubMed Central

(PMC). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4159471/

Levin J. (2009). How Faith Heals: A Theoretical Model.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S155083070

8003844
 49

APPENDIX A
TRANSMITTAL LETTER

Western Leyte College of Ormoc City

College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences

April 24, 2023

Melbur N. Melgazo
Barangay Chairman
Brgy. Linao Ormoc City, Leyte 6540

Dear Mr. Melgazo,

With due respect, we student nurses from Western Leyte College of

Ormoc will be conducting a research entitled,"Folk Healing Amidst
Modern Times: Health Beliefs and Practices Among Selected Adults"
in partial fulfillment for the requirements for the Degree Bachelor of
Science in Nursing.The purpose of this research will provide healthcare
professionals a better understanding of patients who patronize folk
healing, how subsequently aiding them in providing a holistic approach to
treatment. This will also help in determining the factors influencing the
health seeking behaviors and folk healing preferences by the participants.
This study. In this regard, may we request your permission to conduct our
research among the 10 selected adult participants from your respective
barangay. Rest assured that the information gathered along with the
results will be treated with utmost confidentiality and anonymity of the
participants. We hope that this request will merit your approval. Thank you
very much.

Respectfully yours,
Alegado, Lorem Dexter B. Caballero, Michael Ivan P. Collantes, Ragen
N.
Comodas, Bianca Llona L. Cubi, John Kyle D. Dejano, Jerome,
Del Socorro, Mary Grace D Demeterio, Ma. Elena T. Encina, Joefranz
Kishi B. Ferrolino, Athena B. Gatoc, Hengilou Victorio,
Johnrey S.

Approved by:
Mrs. Ma. Conception A. Maico-Bacus, RN, MAN, EdD, COHN
Practical Research Adviser

Mrs. Emma Lissa B. Ramirez, RN, MAN, RM

Dean of the College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences
 50

APPENDIX B

DATA COLLECTION TOOL INTERVIEW GUIDE

(English Version)

DIRECTION: The researchers aim to take account of your demographic

profile in the first part. The second part contains the self-prepared
interview guide questions in which your answers and perspectives are
recorded accordingly. (Note: There is no right or wrong answer. All that is
important the indication of your personal feeling)
Part I. Socio-demographic Profile: Kindly specify your answer on the
space provided.
a. Age: _____
b. Sex: _____
c. Religion: __________
d. Educational Attainment: _________

PART II. Health Beliefs and Practices on Folk Healing of Selected Adults
on Brgy. Linao, Ormoc City, Leyte.
1. Who is/are your preferred folk healer? And why?
2. In what situations/instances that makes you consult a folk healer?
And why?
3. What factors influenced you to believe and practice folk healing
and why?
4. How did your beliefs and practices of folk healing benefit you
physiologically?
5. Is there relief from the help extended by the folk healers?
 51

DATA COLLECTION TOOL INTERVIEW GUIDE

(Visayan Version)

DIREKSYON: Ang mga tigdukiduki nagtinguha sa pag-asoy sa imong

sosyodemograpikong impormasyon sa unang bahin. Ang ikaduhang
bahin naglangkob ang interbyu diin ang imong mga tubag ug mga
panglantaw girekord. (Note: Walay husto o sayop nga tubag. Ang
importante mao ang pagsulti sa imong personal nga pagbati)
Part I. Sosyo-demograpikong impormasyon: Palihog ibutang ang imong
tubag sa luna nga gihatag.
a. Edad: __________
b. Sekswalidad: __________
c. Relehiyon: __________
d. Edukasyon nga nahuman: __________

Part II. Health Beliefs and Practices on Folk Healing of Selected Adults on
Brgy. Linao, Ormoc City, Leyte
1. Kinsa nga mananambal ang imong madali ug doul? Ug ngano siya
man?
2. Sa unsa nga mga sitwasyon nga magpatambal mo sa mga
mananambal? Ug ngano?
3. Unsa ang mga hinungdan ang nakaimpluwensya sa imong mga
desisyon nga modangop ug tambalan ug ngano?
4. Sa unsang paagi nakabenepisyo kanimo ang imong mga pagtuo
ug mga gawi sa tradisyonal na pagtambal sa imong panlawas?
5. Aduna bay kahupayan gikan sa tabang nga gihatag sa mga
tambalan?
 52

APPENDIX C

CONSENT FORM

STUDY TITLE:
Folk Healing Amidst Modern Times: Health Beliefs and Practices
Among Selected Adults

DATE OF BIRTH:

AGE:

1. I have given my approval that I have read and understood

all the information given in this consent form dated
__________________________. All of my responses will be
gathered and taken as part of the study regarding the Folk
Healing Amidst Modern Times: Health Beliefs and Practices
among Selected Adults.

2. I admit that I am a certified resident of Brgy. Linao who

believes and practices folk healing. I am chosen to
participate for the purpose in this research study, which is to
know the result of Folk Healing Amidst Modern Times:
Health Beliefs and Practices among Selected Adults.

3. I fully understand that my identity will be kept private. I agree

to answer all of the research questions and am willing to
provide my appropriate responses. Nonetheless, the
researchers will disclose my demographic information due to
ethical concerns.

4. I understand that the information I provided in response to

the interview will only be used for the purposes of this
research study and will be kept completely confidential.
Furthermore, there will be no public report or disclosure to
unrelated parties.
 53

5. I acknowledge that my participation in this research project

is voluntary and that I have the right to withdraw at any
chosen time without providing any justification.

6. I consent to participate in the research project. I have been

fully informed about the research project as a whole and
have carefully read and comprehended the permission form.
My inquiries for clarifications have all been satisfied.

7. If I need to contact the researchers, I can directly contact

them with their given number: 09488774762.
You are making a decision whether or not to participate in a
research study.
Your signature below indicates that you have decided to
participate in the study after making all the information
above and you have understood the information in this form,
have had any questions answered and have received a
copy form for you to keep.

PARTICIPANT’S INITIALS:

PARTICIPANT’S SIGNATURE AND DATE:

ADDRESS:

OCCUPATION:

PHONE NUMBER:
 54

CURRICULUM VITAE

Lorem Dexter Jr B. Alegado

Mabini St. Baybay City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 961-796-4336
E-mail: loremdexterjr.alegado@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Baybay I Central School

2013 - 2014

Secondary: Franciscan College of the Immaculate Concepcion

Junior High School
2017 - 2018

Franciscan College of the Immaculate Concepcion

Senior High School
2019 - 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Playing basketball
● Fish keeper
 55

CURRICULUM VITAE

Michael Ivan P. Caballero

Brgy. Linao Ormoc City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 992-782-6406
E-mail: michaelivan.caballero@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Holy Child Catholic School

2011 - 2012

Secondary: St. Peter’s College of Ormoc

Junior High School
2015 – 2016

St. Peter’s College of Ormoc

Senior High School
2017 – 2018

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Reading books
● Watching movies
● Playing basketball
 56

CURRICULUM VITAE

Ragen Collantes
Bonifacio St. Ormoc City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 948-877-4762
E-mail: gen.collantes@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Tacloban Angelicum Learning Center

2010 - 2011

Secondary: East Adventist Academy

Junior High School
2012 – 2013

New Ormoc City National High School

Junior High School
2014 - 2015

Tertiary: AMA Computer Learning Center

Associate Computer Technology
2019 – 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Playing lawn tennis

● Watching movies
 57

CURRICULUM VITAE

Bianca Llona L. Comodas

Brgy. Gabas Baybay City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 918-492-0090
E-mail: biancallona.comodas@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Bambanaba Elementary School

2013 - 2014

Secondary: Franciscan College of the Immaculate Concepcion

Junior High School
2017 – 2018

Franciscan College of the Immaculate Concepcion

Senior High School
2019 – 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Playing Volleyball
● Listening to music
● Watching Movies
 58

CURRICULUM VITAE

John Kyle D. Cubi

Lawis St. Poblacion Albuera, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 921-775-7065
E-mail: johnkyle.cubi@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Albuera North Central School

2012--2013

Secondary: St. Peter’s College of Ormoc

Junior High School
2016 – 2017

St. Peter’s College of Ormoc

Senior High School
2018 – 2019

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Sports and watching TV series

 59

CURRICULUM VITAE

Jerome Dejano
Brgy. Cogon Ormoc City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 951-040-2952
E-mail: joefranzkishi.encina@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Cogon Central School

2013 - 2014

Secondary: New Ormoc City National High School

Junior High School
2017 – 2018

Ormoc City Senior High School

Senior High School
2019 – 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Playing badminton
● Playing piano
 60

CURRICULUM VITAE

Mary Grace D. Del Socorro

Kananga, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 935-479-5056
E-mail: marygrace.delsocorro@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Kananga Central School

Brgy. Poblacion Kananga, Leyte
2012-2013

Secondary: New Ormoc City National High School

Ormoc City, Leyte
Junior High School
2016 – 2017

STI College of Ormoc

Aviles St, Ormoc, 6541 Leyte
Senior High School
2018 – 2019

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Swimming
● Watching TV series
● Photography
 61

CURRICULUM VITAE

Ma. Elena T. Demeterio

Brgy. Luna Ormoc City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 956-549-7243
E-mail: maeelena.demeterio@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Matag-ob Central School

2011-2012

Secondary: St. Peter’s College of Ormoc

Junior High School
2017 – 2018

San Lorenzo Ruiz College of Ormoc

Senior High School
2018 – 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Watching movies & documentaries

● Arts and crafts, drawing
● Sculptures
● Reading
 62

CURRICULUM VITAE

Joefranz Kishi B. Encina

Brgy. Gimarco Tabango, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 906-086-9966
E-mail: joefranzkishi.encina@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Gimarco Elementary School

2013 - 2014

Secondary: Leyte National High School

Junior High School
2017 – 2018

Marcelino R. Veloso National High School

Senior High School
2019 – 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Watching true crime documentaries

● Reading novels
 63

CURRICULUM VITAE

Athena B. Ferrolino
Brgy. Tabunoc Villaba, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 961-741-0310
E-mail: athena.ferrolino@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: A. Tumamak Elementary School

2013 - 2014

Secondary: Villaba National Comprehensive High School

Junior High School
2017 – 2018

University of Cebu - Lapu-Lapu and Mandue

Senior High School
2019 – 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Watching movies
● Surfing in the internet
● Going out
 64

CURRICULUM VITAE

Hengilou L. Gatoc
San Isidro Ormoc City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 93-631-4257
E-mail: hengilou.gatoc@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: San Isidro Elementary School

2011 - 2012

Secondary: New Ormoc City National High School

Junior High School
2015 – 2016

ACLC College of Ormoc

Senior High School
2018 – 2019

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Painting
● Sculpture
 65

CURRICULUM VITAE

Johnrey S. Victorio
Brgy. Dist. 28 Ormoc City, Leyte
Contact No.: +63 927-446-5233
E-mail: johnrey.victorio@wlcormoc.edu.ph

ACADEMIC BACKGROUND

Primary: Ormoc City Central School

2013-2014

Secondary: New Ormoc City National High School

Junior High School
2017 – 2018

Western Leyte College

Senior High School
2019 – 2020

INTEREST/HOBBIES

● Playing basketball
● Playing video games