Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CAMARINES SUR

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET NO. 1

QUARTER 4
Name of Student:
Grade/Section;
Learning TLE -AFA AGRICULTURAL CROP PRODUCTION/GRADE 10
Area/Grade Level:
Date:
Activity Title: HANDLING MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

I. Introductory Concept

This activity covers the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of students required to support
agricultural crop production work. It focused on learning the ability to prepare material tools and
equipment for agricultural production, hygiene and quality control.
The cost of accidents
 Physical costs – pain and suffering
 Money – both for the injured person and the employer
 Time off work because an accident may lead to loss of earnings for the
individual.
For the employer, there may well be hidden costs. Many people believe that minor injuries
cost nothing more than the price of a sticking plaster. But people will have to spend time dealing
with the accident. They may have to:
 help the injured person and give first aid.
 clean up.
 reschedule the job.
 repair or reset the equipment or check for faults.
 investigate the accident and prepare reports.
 deal with insurers or Health and Safety Inspectors.
 wait to have to get back to work.
 accidents which cause damage to expensive plant and equipment can cost
even more.

Types of tractor-related accidents

Rollovers or overturns are generally due to driving too fast ; striking surface hazards such as
rocks, stumps and holes; running into ditches; hitching high for extra traction; driving on steep
slopes; and operating front-end loaders improperly.
Falls from moving tractors often occur when there‘s an extra rider when moving and
transporting to and from the farm.
Another cause of tractor-related death and serious injury is being caught by, or entangled in,
rotating power takeoff (PTO) shafts. In most cases, the PTO shields were inadequate or had
been removed.
Other tractor-connected injuries and damage involve:
 colliding with motor vehicles or roadside objects;
 slipping and falling while mounting and dismounting;
 running over bystanders;
 striking overhead hazards;
 being struck by flying objects, broken parts, or hydraulic fluid;
 being crushed by a poorly supported tractor during repair work;
 sustaining cuts, bruises, burns and other nuisance, but painful injuries,
connected with maintenance and routine operation;
 being overcome by exhaust gases inside closed buildings;
 being burned by fires that erupt during refueling or as a result of a
collision or upset.

HOW TO REDUCE THE RISK OF TRACTOR ACCIDENTS

There are numerous human factors involved in fatal tractor-related accidents. Certain factors
like poor judgment, poor attitude, insufficient knowledge or training, fatigue, haste, stress,
depression, intoxication , or showing off can cause a fatal tractor overturn accident.

Each operator should be physically and mentally fit when operating a tractor. An operator
who is sleepy, tired or not feeling well may not be able to react in time to avoid an accident.
Be Properly Trained
A person who does not know how to operate a tractor safely in potentially hazardous
situations can be injured or killed by exercising poor judgment. Make sure all persons permitted to
operate tractors have been thoroughly trained. A good place to start training is with the Operator's
Manual. Review the Operator's Manual, if possible with the tractor in front of you
Be Familiar with Operator's Manual
Read and follow procedures as outlined in the operator's manual. By being familiar with the
operating features of a tractor, the operator will develop confidence when the tractor is driven under
adverse conditions. Learn the location and purpose of all of the gauges and controls as well as other
indicators. Knowing where the controls are by memory can allow you to react more quickly in an
emergency situation. There have been accident situations where individuals have become entangled
in machinery or the power takeoff shaft and rescuers or family did not know how to disengage the
equipment. Family members should know how to shut down equipment or disengage the PTO in
case of emergency.
Study the various decals on your equipment. They may point out DANGER, WARNING and
CAUTION for various points on the tractor. Have an experienced tractor operator with you as you
review the various decals and ask questions!
A copy of all Operating Manuals and other relevant safety materials should be kept on file for
quick reference.
Special danger areas
An analysis of accidents investigated by HSE indicates that there are certain places and parts
of machines which present special danger. These are some – but not all – of them. Remember that
any agricultural machine under power like the one given below represents potential anger.
 Rice mill-rotating/moving mechanisms
 Thresher-all rotating mechanisms
  Combine harvester – grain tank.
 Tractor – hitch mechanism, PTO shaft.
 Mounted equipment – underneath.
 Hand Tractor- rotating pulley

Also beware
of:
 in-house modifications to machines, and home-made machines;
 substandard parts (which may fail and throw off flying particles);
 any mechanism which can be turned manually but which may gather
momentum;
 any mechanism which has momentum and takes time to stop; and
 hydraulic fluid (where there is a danger of oil injection).

Hazardous activities

During the maintenance of agricultural machinery, there are many activities which are
potentially hazardous. Here are some of them:

Lubricating
If you need to remove the guard to lubricate the machine, never lubricate while the machine is in
motion.

Checking hydraulic systems

Remember that hydraulic oil is under high pressure. The external signs of oil injection may
be slight, but the internal damage is not and may lead to surgery or amputation. If checking for leaks,
use something (eg. a piece of card run along the hose) to show where the leak is. Do not use your
hands. Release the pressure before working on the system

Sharpening
When working on, for example a forage harvester, only the actual sharpening should take
place with the machine in motion. All activity before and after (eg. guard removal) should be done
with the machine stationary – even if rundown takes a long time. Beware of flying particles when
sharpening machinery. Use protective equipment such as goggles.

Working under machines

When working under raised machines, jacks should be used and correctly located, and
additional support (e. g axle stands) provided.
When working on hydraulically-raised equipment (e. g. trailers) use props. Never rely just on
the hydraulics.

Hammering
Beware of flying particles. Always use the appropriate personal protective equipment.
It offers protection not only against flying particles, but also many other risks.
Cleaning
Be aware of the danger of falling off or into machinery, particularly wet or muddy conditions.
Make sure you know how to access machines safely –especially large machines such as combines.
Don‘t clean with machines running and guards removed.

Blockages
Many accidents happen while cleaning machine blockages – often because operators attempt
to clear a blockage while the machine is still powered. Again, the key question to ask is: ―Have I
been trained to do this job properly?‖ If the answer is ―no‖, do not attempt it.

Removing blockage

Use safe stop.

Safe Stop is probably the single most important procedure for the prevention of accidents. A
blocked machine may suddenly start operating again unless the engine is stopped before the
blockage is cleared. The power must be locked off or the key removed to stop other people restarting
the machine while you are working on it.

Check if the equipment has already stopped.

Even if the power has been turned off, machine parts may continue to rotate.
On some machines, run-down times of five minutes are not unusual. Many injuries are caused because
work is begun before the machine has come to a complete stop.

Make the stop positive: chock it.

Where possible, take additional precautions to ensure that moving parts remain stationary –
e.g. chocking the cutting cylinder of a harvester to prevent movement.

Use a tool to clear the blockage.

Never use your bare hands to clear a blockage or try to kick it free. Note that, even in cases
where operators use a tool to clear a blockage, a significant number are injured because the machine
is still running.

If it isn’t cleared, don’t touch.

Remember, machines can suddenly move when a blockage is cleared.
II. Learning Skills from the MELCs/CGs

LO3.Handle materials and equipment

3.2 Handle and transport materials, equipment and machinery according to
enterprise guidelines.

III. Activities

A. ACTIVITY 1
FILL ME!
Supply the crossword puzzle with the correct terms/ words from the reading
information above using the hints given beside the puzzle. Write your answer on
your answer she
 B. ACTIVITY 2

Carefully analyze the following statements. Write the word AGREE if the
statement is true and DISAGREE if the statement is wrong.
1. Never use your bare hands to clear a blockage or try to kick it free.
2. Safe Stop is probably the single most important procedure for the prevention of
accidents.
3. When operating a tractor, it is not necessarily important to consider the fitness of the person.
4. Personal protective equipment offers protection not only against flying particles, but also
many other risks.
5. No accidents happen while cleaning machine blockages therefore, it is always safe even
the machine is still powered.
6. Many injuries are caused because work is begun before the machine has come to a complete
stop.
7. Lubricating a machine in motion is safe.
8. Accident may lead to loss of earnings for the individual.
9. A good place to start training is with the Operator's Manual
10. There are numerous human factors involved in fatal tractor-related accidents.

C. ACTIVITY 3

Direction: Make a recorded video on how to properly perform handling of any materials and
equipment found in your home. Perform a specific action on how to use the
material/equipment you choose.

IV. Rubrics for Scoring

Criteria Points

A. Strictly follow the safety 10

rules of cleaning of tools
and equipment
B. Use of PPE 5

C. Clearness and Content of 10

the video presented
Total 25

V. Reflection

Guide Question:

In handling materials and equipment, I learned that _

_
_
_
VI. References

 Order No. 870.218-53 May 2014 Farm Practice Storage Of Hazardous Material,
Columbia Ministry of Agriculture
 https://encryptedtbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcR87mmpwQ2eRz
 http://www.sofweb.vic.edu.au/safe@work/workplace_hazards.asp\\ Retrieved
April 11, 2014
 https://www.worksafe.vic.gov.au/safety-and-prevention/health-and-safety-
topics/controlling-ohs-hazards-and-risks/about-hazards-and-risks/what-are-hazards- and-risk
Retrieved April 12, 2014

Prepared by:

JOVEN B. BALLESTER
T-I, Nabua National High School

Quality assured by:

FE F. PERALTA, Principal II
SALVE V. DELA CRUZ, Principal I
JORGE C. IMPORTANTE, Principal I
RUTH P. TADURAN, Principal I
WILLIAM T. LOPEZ, School Head

Reviewed by:

MIGUEL P. BARCIA
AFA Division Coordinator
Answer Key

Activity 1
Activity 2
1. Money 1. AGREE
2. Overturns 2. AGREE
3. Bruises 3. DISAGREE
4. Caution 4. AGREE
5. Physical Cost 5. DISAGREE
6. Hammering 6. AGREE
7. Google 7. DISAGREE
8. Lubricating 8. AGREE
9. AGREE
9. Trained
10. AGREE
10. Fatigue

Activity 3

Students will be assessed with the Rubrics for performance.