Gabatan, Heavenly T. 6242 Pol. Sci.

Major 9

BA Political Science 3 Politics and Governance in Southeast Asia

Asia is a vast continent with a lengthy and tumultuous past. Territorial disputes abound in the
region, many of which have deep historical roots. Former allies have turned rivals, and vice versa.
Alliances have come and gone over the years. China is not alone in having a racism problem. It's a global
affliction to which no one appears to be immune. There are some who act and believe in highly racist
ways in every society, and those who do not. Both forms can be found in China, as in most places.
Racism in China is a result of the country's history, nationalism, and Sinicization, among other causes.
Racism has been documented in modern China in several instances.

As China's strength and influence in Asia and beyond strengthens, some analysts casually argue
that China has always wanted to control its world in hard power terms, has often succeeded in doing so,
and will continue to do so. In terms of the first, most Chinese are extremely proud of their country's
lengthy history as a robust and dynamic culture as well as a powerful political and social institution. They
believe China belongs at the top of the world's main powers, at least in Asia, and in some ways, globally.
In relation to this, China treat the Asian region uncivilized because they are barbarous people. In other
words, people without manners or uncivilized. However, Vietnam is an exception because it was
invaded by China.

This is a brief information about China’s invasion in Vietnam. In the mid-1970s, China's relations
with Vietnam began to deteriorate significantly. China dubbed Vietnam the "Cuba of the East" and
referred to the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with the Soviet Union as a military alliance after
Vietnam joined the Soviet-dominated Council for Mutual Economic Cooperation (Comecon) and signed
the Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with the Soviet Union in 1978. The frequency and severity of
incidents along the Sino-Vietnamese border grew. Vietnam invaded Cambodia in December 1978,
immediately ousting the pro-Beijing Pol Pot administration and taking control of the country.

In a brief, limited operation involving primarily ground forces, China attacked practically the
entire Sino-Vietnamese border in February 1979. On the morning of February 17, 1979, the Chinese
launched an attack that included troops, armor, and artillery. Air power was not used at the time, or at
any other point during the war. The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) had moved eight kilometers
into Vietnam along a broad front in less than a day.

The PLA's tactical failings during the Sino-Vietnam War will not be covered by any amount of
strategic propaganda. The campaign was marred by errors ranging from training and planning to
employing Red Army meatgrinder tactics for which the PLA lacked the necessary training, resources, and
expertise.

The element of surprise was no longer present. The battle-hardened Vietnamese militia had dug
in and waited. The PLA, on the other hand, deployed second-class garrison troops. Faced with far
tougher likely Soviet retribution, the PLA's best-armed and best-trained men faced north. The final
phase of the conflict saw the most intense fighting, culminating in the conquest of Lang Son on March
2nd. The Vietnamese used their preferred strategy of forsaking metropolitan areas in favor of the
densely built-up hills surrounding them. These strong sites were not contested by the PLA. Instead, they
pushed their way into the cities, capturing them after a tough battle in close quarters. None of the
routes into these cities were considered secure in the West. Throughout the next decade, tensions
between China and Vietnam remained high, and most of Vietnam's limited resources were devoted to
defending its border with China and its interests in Cambodia. Therefore, it means that Vietnam was the
earliest civilization in the region.

References:

Early History. (n.d.). Retrieved from Countrystudies: http://countrystudies.us/vietnam/3.htm?

fbclid=IwAR2A9nx9fkPJPtjNGbsf6F6j6tYyBdBkSad09Gb48S3sxKE0nUlO3NxCjMk

Girard, B. (2020, April 23). Racism is Alive and Well in China. Retrieved from The DIplomat:
https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/racism-is-alive-and-well-in-china/?
fbclid=IwAR2pUltvI2dkyjVANuUc1sIsjwNcAuAVtS7A31ypqL8AERQ7DxKKuRNcqRw

Racism in China. (n.d.). Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism_in_China?

fbclid=IwAR0l_3ph7Z-H5jAvNQeYLoJYJKzGgdUa0MpxQQ0GhpwB4N9ToLxc6MNq_tU