1. What is Paper Chromatography?

Analytical chemistry, technique for separating dissolved chemical substances by taking advantage of
their different rates of migration across sheets of paper. It is an inexpensive but powerful analytical tool
that requires very small quantities of material.

https://www.chemguide.co.uk/analysis/chromatography/paper.html

2. What is the difference between stationary and mobile phase?

Mobile phase: a gas or liquid that transports the solution being tested through the other substance
(water, rubbing alcohol are examples).

Stationary phase: the liquid or solid through which the tested substance is carried (coffee filter paper,
paper towel are examples).

The main difference between the mobile phase and stationary phase is that the mobile phase is the
solvent moving through the column, whereas the stationary phase is the substance, which stays fixed
inside the column.

https://www.google.com/amp/s/pediaa.com/what-is-the-difference-between-mobile-phase-and-
stationary-phase/amp/

3.What is meant by capillary action?

Capillary action is defined as the spontaneous flow of a liquid into a narrow tube or porous material.
This movement does not require the force of gravity to occur. In fact, it often acts in opposition to
gravity. Capillary action is sometimes called capillary motion, capillarity, or wicking.

https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-capillary-action-604866

4.What is the principle behind Paper Chromatography?

Principle of paper chromatography: The principle involved is partition chromatography wherein the
substances are distributed or partitioned between liquid phases. One phase is the water, which is held in
the pores of the filter paper used; and other is the mobile phase which moves over the paper. The
compounds in the mixture get separated due to differences in their affinity towards water (in stationary
phase) and mobile phase solvents during the movement of mobile phase under the capillary action of
pores in the paper.

https://owlcation.com/stem/What-is-Paper-Chromatography-Principle-Uses-experiment-video
5. How do you get a positive finding in Paper Chromatography?

In the paper chromatogram the substances show the same spots, and it matches color. The spots travel
the same distance when measured and when the rf value is calculated it is the same.

6.What will be the basis for you to conclude that the ink used in writing a document is not one or the
same?

They produce the same number of spots, and these match in color

The spots travel the same distance up the paper (have the same Rf value)

http://www.forensicsciencesimplified.org/docs/how.html

7.What is the value of ink as physical evidence?

The ink used in a note left at a crime scene can be identified through paper chromatography. The
chromatogram showing the components of the ink used in the note can be compared to chromatograms
of known inks hopefully identifying the type and brand of ink used providing a clue to the crime.

https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ink-analysis