CRIMINAL LAW I

Prosecutor Jedrek Ng
A.Y. 2022 - 2023

General Principles:
 Definition of Criminal Law
 Definition and understanding of the following terms:
 Crimes
 Felonies
 Offenses
 Infraction of the Laws
 Ordinances
 Act
 Omission
 Overt Act
 Intent
 Motive
 Specific Criminal Intent
 General Criminal Intent
 Mala in Se
 Mala Prohibita
 Continuous Crime
 Continuing Crime
 Impossible Crime
 Pro Reo Doctrine
 Rule of Lenity
 Sources of Criminal Law
 Theories
 Nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege
 Limitations on Congress to enact Penal Legislation
 Constitutional Rights of the Accused
 Characteristics of Criminal Law
1. Generality
2. Territoriality
3. Prospectivity
- Correlate with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
(UNCLOS
 Construction of Penal Laws

 Cases:
1. Rimando v. Comelec, G.R. No. 176364, September 18, 2009
2. Magno v. CA, G.R. No. 96132, June 26, 1992
3. Corpuz v. People, G.R. No. 180016, April 29, 2014
4. Del Socorro v. Van Wilsem, G.R. No. 193707, December 10, 2014
5. AAA vs. BBB, G.R. No. 212448, January 11, 2018
6. Jacaban v. People, G.R. No. 184355, March 23, 2015
7. People v. Hijada, G.R. No. 123696, March 11, 2004

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 8. Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 148560, November 19, 2011
9. Minucher vs. Scalzo, G.R. no. 142396 Feb. 11, 2003
10. Liang vs. People, G.R. No. 125865 March 26, 2011
11. People vs. Lacson, GR 149453, April 1, 2003
12. Go vs. Dimagiba, GR 151876 June 21, 2005

Article 1

Article 2
 Cases:
1. US vs. Bull, G.R. No. L-5270, 15 January 1910
Article 3 FELONY
 Cases:
2. Roque v. People, G.R. No. 193169, April 06, 2015
3. De Guzman v. People, G.R. No. 178512, November 26, 2014
4. Rivera v. People, G.R. No. 166326 January 25, 2006
5. Villareal v. People, G.R. NO. 151258, February 1, 2012
6. Gaviola v. People, G.R. No. 163927
7. US v. Ah Chong, GR No. L-5272, March 19, 1910
8. People v. Oanis, G.R. No. 47722, July 27, 1943
9. Yapyuco v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 120744-46, June 25, 2012
10. Loney v. People, G.R. No. 152644 : February 10, 2006
11. Jorge Navarra v. People, G.R. No. 224943, March 20, 2017
12. Dungo v. People, G.R. No. 209464, July 1, 2015
13. Calimutan vs. People, GR No. 152133, February 9, 2006
14. Estrada vs. Sandiganbayan, GR No. 148560, November 19, 2011

Article 4 CRIMINAL LIABILITY

 Cases:
1. Garcia v. People, G.R. No. 171951, August 28, 2009
2. People v. Jenny Likiran, G.R. No. 201858, June 4, 2014
3. People v. Ulep, G.R. No. L-36858, June 20, 1988
4. Belbis Jr. v. People, G.R. No. 181052, November 14, 2012
5. People v. Ortega, G.R. No. 116736, July 24, 1997
6. Urbano v. IAC, G.R. No. 72964, January 7, 1988
7. People v. Villacorta, G.R. No. 186412, September 7, 2011
8. People v. Acuram, G.R. No. 117954, April 27, 2000
9. People v. Talampas, G.R. No. 180219, November 23, 2011
10. People v. Flora, G.R. No. 125909, June 23, 2000
11. People v. Adriano, G.R. No. 205228, July 15, 2015
12. People v. Violin, G.R. Nos. 114003-06, January 14, 1997
13. People v. Sales, G.R. No. 177218, October 3, 2011

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 14. Intod v. CA, G.R. No. 103119, October 21, 1992
15. Jacinto v. People, G.R. No. 162540, July 13, 2009
16. People v. Tan, G.R. No. 95322, March 1, 1993
Article 6 STAGES OF FELONIES
 Cases:
1. People v. Gaborne, G.R. No. 210710, July 27, 2016
2. People v. Lamahang, G.R. No. L-43530, August 3, 1935
3. Baleros v. People, G.R. No. 138033, February 22, 2006
4. People v. Lizada, G.R. No. 143468-71, January 24, 2003
5. Abella v. People, G.R. No. 198400, October 7, 2013
6. People v. Labiaga, G.R. No. 202867, July 15, 2013
7. Valenzuela v. People, G. R. No. 160188, June 21, 2007
8. Canceran v. People, G.R. No. 206442, July 1, 2015
9. People v. Quinanola, G.R. No. 126148, May 5, 1999
10. People v. Orande, G.R. Nos. 141724-27, November 12, 2003
11. People v. Pareja, G.R. No. 202122, January 15, 2014
12. Cruz v. People, G.R. No. 166441, October 08, 2014
13. Defensor Santiago v. Justice Garchitorena, G.R. No. 109266, December 2, 1993
14. People v. Orita, 184 SCRA 306
15. People v. Campuhan, 329 SCRA 270
16. Baleros v. People, GR No. 138033, February 22, 2006
17. Cruz v. People, GR No. 166441, October 8, 2014
18. People v. Listerio, GR No. 122099, July 5, 2000

Article 8
 Kinds of Conspiracy
 Instances where mere proposal or conspiracy are punishable
 Detaching from a Conspiracy
 Cases:
1. People v. Pagalasan, G.R. Nos. 131926 & 138991, June 18, 2003
2. People v. Larrañaga, G.R. Nos. 138874-75, February 3, 2004
3. People v. Carandang, G.R. No. 175926, July 6, 2011
4. People v. Octa, G.R. No. 195196, July 13, 2015
5. People v. Feliciano, G.R. No. 196735, May 5, 2014
6. People vs. Bokingco, G.R. No. 187536 August 10, 2011
7. People v. Castillo, G.R. No. 132895, March 10, 2004
8. Fernan Jr, et al vs. People, GR 145927, August 24, 2007

ARTICLE 10
1. Ladonga vs. People, GR 141066, February 17, 2005
2. People vs. Simon, 234 SCRA 555
3. Go-Tan vs. Tan, GR 168852, September 30, 2008

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Article 11 Justifying Circumstances
 Battered Woman Syndrome
1. People v. Genosa, G.R. No. 135981, January 15, 2004
 Cases:
1. People v. Regalario, G.R. No. 174483 March 31, 2009
2. People v. Dulin, G.R. No. 171284 June 29, 2015
3. People v. Fontanilla, G.R. No. 177743 January 25, 2012
4. Toledo v. People, G.R. No. 158057 September 24, 2004
5. US vs. Ramos, G.R. No. 7020
6. People vs. Narvaez, G.R. Nos. L-33466-67, April 20, 1983
7. Nacnac vs. People, GR 191913, March 21, 2012

Article 12 Exempting Circumstances

 Minority
 RA 9344 (Juvenile Justice and Welfare Law, as amended by R.A 10630)
 AM No. 02-1-18-SC (November 24, 2009)
 RA 10630 (An Act Strengthening the Juvenile System)
 Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 10630
 Cases:
1. People v. Sarcia, G.R. No. 169641 September 10, 2009
2. People v. Victoriano Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 187683 February 11, 2010
3. Ty v. People, G.R. No. 149275 September 27, 2004
4. People v. Castillo GR 172695, June 29, 2007
5. People v. Abrazaldo, GR 124392, February 7, 2003
6. People v. Latosa, GR 186128, June 23, 2010

Article 13 Mitigating Circumstances

 Ordinary Mitigating Circumstance vs. Privileged Mitigating Circumstance
 Sec. 26 of R.A. 9262 (Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act);
 Cases:
1. Del Poso v. People, G.R. No. 210810, December 7, 2016
2. Urbano v. People, G.R. No. 182750 January 20, 2009
3. People v. Ignas, G.R. Nos. 140514-15, September 30, 2003
4. Nizurtado v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 107383 December 7, 1994
5. People v. Genosa, G.R. No. 135981, January 15, 2004
6. Manuel v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 158413, February 8, 2012
7. People v. Callet, GR 135701 May 9, 2002
8. People vs. Adlawan, GR 131839, January 30, 2002
9. People v. Ignas, GR 140514-15, September 30, 2003

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 10. People v. Espina, GR 132325 July 16, 2002

Article 14 Aggravating Circumstances

 Ordinary Aggravating Circumstance vs. Qualifying Aggravating Circumstance vs. Special
Aggravating Circumstances vs. Inherent Circumstances
 Cases:
1. Dorado v. People, G.R. No. 216671, October 3, 2016
2. People v. Macaspac, G.R. No. 198954, February 22, 2017
3. People v. Macariola, G.R. No. L-40757 January 24, 1983
4. People v. Nazareno, G.R. No. 196434, October 24, 2012
5. People v. Dulin, G.R. No. 171284 June 29, 2015
6. Fantastico v. Malicse, Sr., G.R. No. 190912, January 12, 2015
7. People v. Bokingco, G.R. No. 187536 August 10, 2011
8. People v. Tabarnero, G.R. No. 168169 February 24, 2010
9. People v. Vilbar, G.R. No. 186541 February 1, 2012
10. People v. Matibag, G.R. No. 206381, March 25, 2015
11. People v. Feliciano, Jr., G.R. No. 196735 May 5, 2014
12. People v. Naelga, G.R. NO. 171018 : September 11, 2009
13. People v. Dizon, GR 134802 October 26, 2001
14. People v. Ancheta, GR Nos. 138306-07 December 21, 2001

Articles 16 to 20 Persons Criminally Liable for Felonies

 Correlate Article 17 with Conspiracy

 Correlate Article 19 with PD 1612 or the “Anti-Fencing Law”; accessory vs. fence
 Cases:
1. Ambagan, Jr. v. People, G.R. No. 204481-82, October 14, 2015
2. People v. Dulay, G.R. No. 193854 September 24, 2012
3. People v. Gambao, G.R. No. 172707, October 1, 2013
4. People v. Cupino, G.R. No. 125688, April 03, 2000
5. People v. Agulos, GR 121828, June 27, 2003
6. People v. Watimar, GR Nos. 121651-52 August 16, 2000

Articles 21 to 88 Penalties
 Cases:
1. People v. Arrojado, G.R. No. 130492, January 31, 2001
2. People v. Nelmida, G.R. No. 184500 September 11, 2012
3. People v. Punzalan, G.R. No. 199892 December 10, 2012
4. Santiago v. Garchitorena, G.R. No. 109266 December 2, 1993
5. People v. Patriarca, et. al., GR 135457, September 29, 2000
6. Batulanon v. People, GR No. 139857, September 15, 2006

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Indeterminate Sentence Law
 Cases:
1. Fransdilla v. People, G.R. No. 197562, April 20, 2015
2. Zafra v. People, G.R. No. 176317, July 23, 2014
3. People v. Lopez, G.R. No. 181441, November 14, 2008

(Application of ISLAW)
4. People v. Leonardo, G.R. No. 181036, July 6, 2010
5. People v. Matias, G.R. No. 186469, June 13, 2012
6. Legrama v. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 178626, June 13, 2012
7. Flordeliz v. People, G.R. No. 186441, March 3, 2010
8. Imbo v. People, G.R. No. 197712, April 20, 2015

Probation Law PD 968, as amended by RA 10707

 Cases:
1. Villareal v. People, G.R. No. 151258, February 1, 2012
2. Colinares v. People, G.R. No. 182748, December 13, 2011
3. Bala v. Hon. Martinez, G.R. No. L-67301, January 29, 1990
4. Urbano v. Comelec, G.R. No. 168550, August 10, 2006
5. Jalosjos v. Comelec, G.R. No. 193237, October 09, 2012

Article 89 Extinction of Criminal Liability

 Cases:
1. People v. Bayot, G.R. No. 200030 April 18, 2012
2. People v. Bautisa, G.R. No. 168641 April 27, 2007
3. People v. Pangilinan, G.R. No. 152662 June 13, 2012
4. SEC v. Interport Resource Corporation, G.R. No. 135808 October 6, 2008
5. Romualdez v. CA, GR No. 165510-33, July 28, 2006
6. People v. Patriarca, et. al., GR 135457, September 29, 2000

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