Reviewing the 3D Seismic Survey and Reports of Beanibazar Gas

Fields
(Basin Modeling)

BGP Inc., China National Petroleum Corporation

Aug., 2023
 Outline

1. Geochemical Analysis
2. 1D Basin Modeling
 Geochemical Analysis
1. Oils from Beanibazar gas field are volatile oil，and the natural gas from it is terrigenous organic
gas, both originating from mature-high mature humic kerogens.

Characteristic Parameters of Condensate Oils

Isotope Composition(δ13C)/‰
Well Depth/m API Pr/Ph
Oil Aloph HC Arom HC

3232 46 6.12 27 28.1 25.8

BB-1X
3244 48 9 26.1

3459 46 5.72 26.7 27.9 25.4

3495 1 26.4
（J.A.Curiale, G.H.Covington,etc,2002)
Cassification of Oil Kerogen Type

• Condensate oils of BB-1X well are derived from terrestrial higher plants at the mature to high mature stage,
with API of 46-48°, belonging to volatile oil.
• Pristane/Phytane ratio is 5.72-9, indicative of an oxidized deposition environment.
• The values of Pr/C17 and Ph/C18 of oils show that their original organic matters are mainly type II-III.
• Isotopic composition is between -26.1‰ and -27 ‰ , indicating that they are sourced from terrestrial higher plants.
3
 Geochemical Analysis
Characteristic Parameters of the natural gas
Isotope/‰ 气组分/%
WELL Depth/m
δ13C1‰ δ13C2‰ δ13C3‰ δDC1‰ C1 C2 C3 C1/C1-5 C2+
BB-1X DST-1 3465-59 -41 -29.81 -26.56 -147.5 94.72 3.47 1.12 0.947 5.3
BB-1X DST-2A 3465-51 -40.9 -28.83 -26.62 -148.1 94.72 3.47 1.19 0.947 5.3
BB-1X DST-3 3275-66 -41.88 -29.23 -26.68 -147.5 90.59 6.42 1.854 0.906 9.4
BB-1X DST-4 3275-32 -41.9 -29.46 -26.5 -149 93 4 1.82 0.96 7
-75
BEANI BAZAR
-70 HABIGANJ
BAKHRABAD
-65
BEGUMGANJ
-60 Biogas
SYLHET
TITAS
-55
ATGRAM Biogenic-gas derived

δ13C1(‰)
from pyrolysis at low temperature
-50 CHHATAK

-45 Oil type gas

-40
Organic gas of terrigenous origin
-35

-30 Coal
type
-25 gas

-20
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
δ13C2-C1（‰）
Recognition of different types of natural gas using Carbon and hydrogen isotopes of methane and ethane.(From Huang Ruchang, 1992)
• For the natural gas within the Beani Bazar Block, the carbon isotope values of methane are in the range of -40.9~-41.9‰,
and the content of CH4 in the range of 90.59-94.72%(dry gas). Using the plot of carbon isotope versus hydrogen isotope 4
of methane, the natural gas is recognized as terrigenous organic gas, mainly sourced from humics.
 Geochemical Analysis
Carbon isotope and maturity calculations for natural gas
Ro/%
WELL Δ13c1/‰ C2+/%
Stha & Koch Faber Dai Jinxing Shen Ping Xu Yongchang
BEANI BAZAR DST-1 -41 5.3 1.15 1.05 1.19 1.28 0.87
BEANI BAZAR DST-2A -40.9 5.3 1.16 1.06 1.21 1.29 0.88
BEANI BAZAR DST-3 -41.88 9.4 1.02 0.92 1.05 1.16 0.80
BEANI BAZAR DST-4 -41.9 7 1.01 0.91 1.05 1.16 0.80
BEANI BAZAR -41.67 8.8 1.05 0.95 1.08 1.19 0.82

Equations for Coal derived gas Immature Low mature mature Highly Over
5 Stahl(1977) mature mature
6 Schoell(1980)
7 Dai jinxing et al.(1987)
8 Shen Ping et al.(1987, 1991)
9 Xu Yongchang et al.(1994)
10 Liu Wenhui et al.(1999)
11 Chen Jianping et al.(2021)

Equations for oil type gas

1 Stahl(1977)
2 Schoell(1980)
3 Dai jinxing & Qi houfa(1989)
4 Chen Jianping et al.(2021)

Low mature mature Highly mature over mature

A plot showing various relationships between carbon isotopic composition of Regression equations for different thermogenic gases A plot showing LOM-Ro relationship of natural gas from
natural gas and source rock maturity by experts.(From Chen Jianping, 2021) from the Eastern China Basin. the Bohai Bay Basin （From Huang Ruchang,1992）

• The Ro values for the Beani Bazar Block calculated from the left plot are in the range of 0.8~1.28%, 0.99-1.12% on the
average. While the Ro values derived from the regression equations in the middle plot are in the range of 0.8~0.95%. As
such, the natural gas from the Beani Bazar Block is basically thermal gas, originating from mature-high mature source rocks.
 Geochemical Analysis
2. Source rocks from Beanibazar gas field are type II2-III, moderate-good source rock
Source Rock Data Compilation
Integrated Geochemical Data Profile of Surma Trough

0.5 0.25 20

Origin of petroleum in Bangladesh,2002, The American Association of Petroleum Geologists

(Hossain,2009)
• According to the assay data from Hossain et.al, 2009, for the
source rock of Bhuban, Renji, Jenam and Kopili Fms, TOC ranges
0.3%~16% and HI 121~166mg /g, which belong to moderate to
good source rock Mudstone Richness Classification for Surma Group, Surma
 Outline

1. Geochemical Analysis
2. 1D Basin Modeling
1D Basin Modeling

Based on the well log data, well completion

reports, core data and new seismic interpretation
results on stratigraphic division, the stratigraphic
framework for 1D modeling is built. Then the
boundary conditions of paleo-water depth, heat
flow and sedimentary water surface temperature
are set and 1D modeling of Titas gas field is
conducted. Next, the model-derived data are
calibrated by comparing with measured data,
thus the most realistic results are obtained.

8
 1D Basin Modeling

BB-2（V）

BB-1（V）

Burial History of Vasual Well BB-1（V） Burial History of Vasual Well BB-2（V）

• So far, 2 wells have been drilled, and 1D modeling of 18 formations from 2 virtual wells has been conducted. The
results show that the shallow Bokabil mudstones of Surma group in Beanibazar gas field, with Ro ranging 9
0.4%~0.5%. is unable to serve as effective gas source rock. As such, this study focuses on middle-deep source
 1D Basin Modeling
1.Build the stratigraphic framework of deep buried layers

BB-1(V)

BB-2(V)

Stratigraphic Columns for the Foredeep Belt in the Bengal Basin

Seismic-interpreted Strata of Visual Well
• On the basis of the updates data on stratigraphic division，erosion time and thickness, source rock characteristics, geologic age for the
horizons in the geologic framework (Ma) of the study area (based on The Geological Time Scale and the ages of the Tertiary strata
described in MODELLING OF MATURITY AND HYDROCARBON GENERATION IN THE BENGAL BASINS,BANGLADESH AND
STUDY OF GASES IN BANGLADESH)，the stratigrahphic frameworks for the two virtual wells are established. 10
 1D Basin Modeling
2. Boundary conditions and Calibration Data
Statistical table of calibration data
Temperature(
Depth (m) Value(%Ro) Depth (m) Value(%) Depth (m)
°C)
2691 0.38 2279 20 1000 47
2816 0.38 2288 23.5 2000 65
2845 0.44 2294 22 3000 85
3243 0.43 2939 21 3250 84
3460 0.43 2965 22.5 3462 102
3517 0.49 3245 18.5 4000 105
3670 0.45 3516 20 3265 90
1200 0.3 3288.05 14.3 3284 101.5
1800 0.35 3288.33 14.2
2500 0.4 3288.63 18.4
2700 0.41 3288.97 19.3
2800 0.43 3289.24 18
2850 0.55 3289.55 18.7
3400 0.49 3289.85 18.1
3500 0.5 3290.16 2.6
3625 0.52 3290.46 17.8
3900 0.55 3290.8 19.2
4125 0.58 3291.07 16.9
4600 0.6 3291.37 18.4
3254 0.46 3291.71 19.7
3462 0.48 3291.98 18
7800 2 3292.29 18.8
9000 3.79 3292.9 20.4
Boundary Conditions for 1D Modeling

• Create pseudo wells BB-1（V）and BB-2（V）at the locations of BB-1 and BB-2 and set values for them with respect 11
to boundary conditions , Ro, porosity and temperature in line with geological features.
 1D Basin Modeling
3. 1D Modeling Result and Discussion

90 90
• Create pseudo wells
BB-1（V）and BB-2（
V）at the locations of
BB-1 and BB-2. The 1D
modeling of the pseudo
wells show UBB ,LGS,
LBB reservoir are 76-
94 ℃ and the
temperature ranges 65-
100℃ at 6000-4000m
156℃ and up to 152-224℃ at
152℃
166℃ 164℃ the source rock
180-200℃ interval.
174-193℃

224℃ 217℃
The thermal temperature of the pseudo-well BB-1（V） The thermal temperature of the pseudo-well BB- 12
at the location of BB-1X well 2（V）at the location of BB-2 well
 1D Basin Modeling

• Maturity modeling
results show that LBH
base muds have Ro
value of 1.05-1.15%.
The Ro range is 1.25-
1.34% for Renji muds,
1.41-1.84% for Jenam
muds, 1.95-2.43% for
Kopill muds, with
Ro>1.3% for source
rocks; Jenam muds are
1.15% 1.05%
1.29-1.34% Renji
at high-mature wet-gas-
1.25-1.31%
1.44-1.81% generation stage, and
1.41-1.78% Kopil muds at over
Kopili mature dry-gas-
2.29-2.43% 1.95-2.20%
generation stage.
Ro from the pseudo-well BB-1（V）at the location Ro from the pseudo-well BB-2（V） at the
of BB-1X well location of BB-2 well
 1D Basin Modeling

25% 25% • According to the

porosity data from BB-
2 well and 1D modeling
12% of BB-1（V） and BB-2
12% （V）pseudo wells, the
porosity of the reservoir
of 2000-4000m fall in
7% 7% the range of 12%-25%.

The porosity of the pseudo-well BB-1（V）at the The porosity of the pseudo-well BB-2（V）at the
location of BB-1X well location of BB-2 well
 1D Basin Modeling

0.5%
0.5%

0.7% 0.7%

1.0% 1.0%
1.3% 1.3%
1.5% 1.5%
2.0%
2.0%

The burial history for BB-1(V) well The burial history for BB-2(V) well

• Rapid deposition occurs during Eocene-mid-Oligocene times, followed by a period of slow deposition.
• Bhuban and Renji shale reach 0.8% in Ro at 15.5Ma and 21.11Ma respectively, reach 0.9% at 7 Ma and 13.8 Ma，which have not
reached the peak of hycrocarbon generation at present day.
• Jenam Shale reaches 1.3% in Ro after 18.35-18.5Ma, while Kopili Shale reaches the same Ro of 1.3% after 6.3-27Ma, entering the
stage of gas generation. Kopili Shale reaches up to 2% following 6.3-11Ma.
 1D Basin Modeling

95%
80%
75%
69.5%

Kopili

TR for source rocks from BB-(V) well vary with depth and time

• Source rocks from BB-1(V) well both have a high hydrocarbon transformation ratio(TR).
• With respect to Renji and Bhuban shales, kerogen transforming to hydrocarbon starts at 30Ma and peaks in early
Miocene. Till the present day, the transformation ratio is in the range of 69.5-75%.
• For Jenam Shale, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion begins in mid-Oligocene and peaks at 23Ma, with TR up to
80% at the present day; for Kopili Shale, it begins in early Oligocene and peaks at 27Ma, with TR up to 95% at present.
 1D Basin Modeling

90%
79%
70%
59%

TR for source rocks from BB-2(V) well vary with depth and time

• As for BB-2 well(V), the transformation ratio curve of kerogen to hydrocarbon shows that all of its
source rocks share comparable TR with those form BB-1(V) well. Hydrocarbon generation and
expulsion in this wells begins in mid-Oligocene，and the TR at present day is in the range of 56-90%
，slightly lower than BB-1(V) well. 17
 1D Basin Modeling

The amount of hydrocarbon generated versus time for BB-1(V) well The amount of hydrocarbon generated versus time for BB-2(V) well

• In line with Kinetic modeling, the source rocks are predicted to have started hydrocarbon generation during the time of Early Oligocene.
• egionally, Jenam Shale and Kopili Shale have TOC values of 4% and 3% respectively, and HI of 150mg/gTOC and 200mg/gTOC,
indicating that Jenam Shale is mainly at the highly mature stage of wet gas generation and it is later than Kopili Shale in hydrocarbon
generation. Its past production totals 3.2-3.5Mtons for either single well BB-1X and BB-2. Kopili Shale is mainly at the stage of over-
maturity, corresponding to dry gas generation zone. It begins to generate and expel hydrocarbon in an early stage and it produces a
total of 2.4-3.8Mtons of hydrocarbon in a single well.
• Bhuban and Renji shale are relatively shallower buried. Their hydrocarbon genetic potentials are both below 1M/tons.
Comments