Revision Notes

Class – 5 Environmental Studies

Chapter 4: Mangoes Round the Year

Summary of Mangoes Round the Year

 This chapter aims to make us understand the food we eat, and whether it is
safe to have it or not.
 Every food in our ecosystem comes with an expiry date when it starts to get
spoiled and it becomes inedible.
 Different food items get spoiled in different ways and times.
 For example, Milk can be stored for 2 days maximum but raw rice can be
preserved for a longer period.
 Fungus is a type of plant that cannot produce its food. It appears as a black,
white, or green velvety layer on decaying foodstuffs, leather, and other
materials.
 These Fungus grows on bread mould when it starts decomposing.

How to preserve foods

 Food preservation is the process of preventing edible items such as fruits and
vegetables from spoiling.
 The foods' nutritional value, flavor, and color are all preserved. This is done
to extend the life of the food product and make storage and distribution easier.
 There are five methods of preserving foods they are as follows:
1. Drying: Some foods are dried to keep them fresh for a longer period. For
example dry fruits.
2. Refrigeration or freezing: Some foods are frozen to keep their flavor and
nutritional value. frozen peas, for example.
3. Pickling is another method of food preservation.
4. Fermentation is another method of food preservation.
5. Sweetening and salting: Sugar kills germs when added to food. Sugar
enhances the flavor of the food. Jelly and jams, for example. By salting
fish and other foods, they become dehydrated.

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What happens when we eat spoiled food?

 Food is a necessary part of life for all living things.

 It gives us the energy we need to go about our daily lives.
 It aids in the development of our immune systems, making us more capable
of fighting diseases.
 This is why it is more important than ever to eat the right food at the right
time.
 Microorganisms can sometimes grow on the food we eat.
 These foods on which microorganisms are grown start decomposing at it
become unhealthy and harmful for our body.
 These microorganisms cause different types of diseases in our body like food
poisoning.

Summer treat – Mamidi Tandra

 Mamidi Tandra: Aam Papad: A dried edible made from ripe mangoes.
 To begin, we must procure the following items from the market: a palm-leaf
mat, coconut-husk string, sugar, jaggery, and casuarina poles.
 We must construct a platform using a mat and casuarina poles.
 After that, strain the mango juice from the ripped mangoes through a fine cloth
to remove any remaining fibers.
 Later, apply a thin layer of juice to the mat, spreading it evenly and allowing
it to dry.
 Later, cover it with a sari to keep it dust-free.
 They keep adding layers to it every day.
 A thick layer of golden mamidi tandra cake is ready after four weeks.

Practice Questions

Q 1. What can we know from what is written on the packet?

Ans: The expiry date, manufacture date, ingredients used to prepare the food, price,
and net weight are all visible on the packet.

Q 2. What food items do you preserve in a refrigerator?

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Ans: Pickles, milk, butter, vegetables, ketchup, ice cream, and other foods can be
stored in the refrigerator. Look inside your refrigerator if you need more food.

Q 3. Write 'T' for True or 'F' for False statements.

1. Germs grow in dehydrated food.
2. Boiling helps in keeping milk for 1-2 days.
3. Spoilt food gives a foul smell.
4. Expiry date on food packs is a useless information.
Ans:
1. False
2. True
3. True
4. False

Q 4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words given in the box.
dust, muslin, green coriander, cooked rice, onion, drying, sweetening and
salting, milk, sprouts, mangoes, ripe, unripe, sugar, fridge/refrigerator
(i) ............... can be kept fresh by boiling it.
Ans: Milk
(ii) ............... can be kept fresh by keeping it in a dry open place.
Ans: green coriander
(iii) Mamidi tandra is prepared from ............... mangoes.
Ans: ripe
(iv) Pulp can be strained using ............... cloth to remove the fibres.
Ans: muslin
(v) Fruits and vegetables in the home can be preserved by keeping them in
the...............
Ans: Fridge
(vi) Making jam is a way of preserving the fruits by adding ............... .
Ans: Sugar

Word Meanings

 Mamidi Tandra: In Telugu, Mamidi Tandra means mango jelly.

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  Frozen: As a result of being extremely cold, a liquid has frozen.
 Muslin: lightweight plain-woven cotton fabric.
 Microorganisms: an organism that is microscopic, particularly a bacterium,
virus, or fungus.
 Fermentation: the process of a substance being chemically broken down by
bacteria, yeasts, or other microorganisms; usually involves effervescence and
the release of heat.

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