15.05.

2023, 14:35 Oil and Gas Engineering: Earthing System of Instrument Equipment

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Instrument earthing system shall consist of the following earth type:

·         Electrical earthing (also called dirty earthing or Protective Earthing (PE)) Popular Posts

·         Instrument earthing (also called Reference Earth (RE)) Thermowell Insertion and Immersion
Length
·         Intrinsically safe earthing There are two different terminologies
for thermowell, one is insertion length,
and another one is immersion length.
Thermowell insertion...
  Earthing System of Instrument
Equipment
1.       Electrical earthing is used to protect the power system, electrical equipment, and personnel from Instrument earthing system shall
electric shock. consist of the following earth type: ·
         Electrical earthing (also called
 How to do an electrical earthing? dirty earthing or Pr...

·         Armor of field instrument cable shall be terminated at cable gland. The Difference Between API and ASME
Pressure Safety Valve (PSV)
·         Armor of single and multi core cable going to junction box shall be terminated at cable gland. If the In the vendor data sheet, calculation
junction box made from metal, then it only needs to connect the earth stud bolt to the nearest steel sheet, and or catalogue of the PSV, it
was stated two different terms which is
structure. If the junction box made from non metal, the earth stud bolt will be located at the metal
API and ASME PSV th...
gland plates which have direct contact with the cable gland.
Marshalling Cabinet or Marshalling
·         Armor of single and multi core cable going inside or outside marshalling and system cabinet shall be Panel
terminated and connected to a bus bar inside the cabinet. Each bus bar inside the cabinet will be As discussed in the Typical Architecture
connected to a grounding dispatcher by 35 mmsq cable (usually green – yellow stripped). This of Instrumentation and Automation
grounding dispatcher will collect all connection from individual bus bar and then connect it to a System , the automation architecture of
general electrical earth loop (to structure steel) by a 70 mmsq cable. In general used, the earth bus the plant is having a ...
bar is made from copper and has 1 ½” width and ¼” height.
Pressure Safety Valve (PSV) Material
2.       Instrument earth
Selection
S pecify the Pressure Safety Valve
(PSV) material could be simple and
·         The general principle of instrument earth is all individual shields (screen) and overall shield (screen)
might be difficult for some situation. It
of single or multi pair cable shall be isolated from electrical earthing and terminated at different bus
becomes simple because ...
bar. This instrument earth usually also called reference earth since it serve the reference point of the
instrument loop (ground of internal electric circuit inside the instrument). Flow Direction of Control Valves
Flow direction of control valves has a
·         Individual shield (drain wire) of single pair cable shall be terminated at earth or ground terminal block relationship with a failure action, High
inside the instrument enclosure. Delta Pressure, Cavitation, and %
opening of the valve. ...
·         Individual shield from analog single pair cable going inside the junction box shall be terminated to
terminal block. Individual shield from digital single pair cable going inside the junction box shall be 2 Wires, 3 Wires, or 4 Wires RTD
terminated to terminal block and jump out each other then connect it to bus bar.
(Resistance Temperature Detector)?
RTD is a temperature sensitive metal.
The resistance of the RTD metal is
·         Individual shield from multi pair cable going inside the junction box shall be also terminated to
gradually changed with the changed of
terminal block match with the individual shield from single pair cable.
temperature. In applicati...

·         Overall shield from multi pair analog cable going inside the junction box shall be terminated to
terminal block or bus bar (overall shield at analog cable doesn’t have a pair with the shield from single
pair cable). Overall shield from multi pair digital cable going inside the junction box shall be Labels
terminated to bus bar.
Commissioning
·         All individual and overall shields (screen) from multi pair cable shall be terminated into respective
Instrument
instrument earth bus bar at marshalling cabinet.
Maintenance
·         Instrument bus bar will be connected to grounding dispatcher by 25 mmsq green-yellow stripped
cable. From grounding dispatcher, it will be connected to main instrument earth loop by 70 mmsq Material
green-yellow stripped cable.
Piping
3.       Intrinsically Safe earthing
safety

·         Isolation and termination of IS field cable shields (screen) at field devices, junction boxes and
marshalling cabinets shall be done in the same manner as for instrument earth explained above.
However the overall shield (screen) of multi pair cable for IS signals goes to marshalling cabinet shall
be terminated individually and connected to its IS bus bar. The individual shield (screen) of this cable
will be terminated directly to a galvanic isolator and then connected to the respective IS bus bar.

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15.05.2023, 14:35 Oil and Gas Engineering: Earthing System of Instrument Equipment

 The following maximum resistance limits shall be achieved after the instrument earthing system installed. This
resistance is minimized as much as possible so the un-normal current can be safely grounded at steel structure.

·         Between instrument earth bus bars and grounding dispatcher not greater than 0.5 ohm.

·         Between electrical equipment frame and nearest local stud earth on structural steel not greater than
1 ohm.

·         Between intrinsically safe installation and grounding dispatcher not greater than 0.5 ohm.

 
 
 
 

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15.05.2023, 14:35 Oil and Gas Engineering: Earthing System of Instrument Equipment
Labels: Instrument

15 comments:

Unknown June 16, 2014 at 4:40 AM

Hello there,
I’ve been checking your pots and they are truly interesting.
This in particular explains very well everything about earthing connections.
In my case of study I have a specific question, as follows:
My company has the standard practice of using multicore cables instead of paired cables, for
Digital Inputs/Outputs and 24V DC supplies. Those cables are not screened, I only have the
armour which I’m intending to terminate at cable glands. How am I supposed to carry with the
reference earth connection all along the way, from Marshalling Cabinet, to Junction Boxes
and field devices?
Could you give a hand here?
Thanks in advance.
Fely
Reply

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Thanks
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Instrumentation earthing system is very important but it is safe or not - Eutex International
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Unknown December 7, 2016 at 5:24 AM

Interesting Article. Find more article on cable gland used in oil and gas engineering.

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Dear what should me minimum resistance between pe and ie ?

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