UNIVERSITY OF BOTSWANA. PHYSICS DEPARTMENT. 2020/2021 END-OF-SEMESTER 2 EXAMINATION FRONT PAGE COURSE No: PHY 122 TITLE OF PAPER: ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM AND MODERN PHYSI ELECTRICITY, MAGNETISM AND MODERN PHYSICS SUBJECT: PHYSICS INSTRUCTIONS: ‘Answer any ten (10) questions out 13 given. DURATION: 2 HRS DATE: MAY 2021 TITLE OF EXAMINATION; BSe/BEd. Level 100 SOME USEFUL CONSTANTS: Coulomb's constant (ke=1/4ne0) Charge of an electron (-e) Charge of a proton (+e) Mass of electron (me) ‘Mass of a proton (ip) Permittivity of free space (2) Magnitude of acceleration due to gravity (g) Speed of light in vacuum (c) TeV Tnm 1A 1 pico (p) "No. of Pages (Including this page) = 9% 10? NmeC? FO 16 x10C =) 16x10 =9.11 x10! kg 1.67 «107 kg 8.85 «10°? CN? 9.8 ms? =3.0 x10" ms? = 1.6 x10"5 = 110° m = 1x10! m =1x 107? aE] DO NOT OPEN THIS PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO BY THE SUPERVISOR(Answer ANY 10 Questions out of 13 given) (Each question carries 10 marks) Question 1 ‘Two charges are placed along the x-axis. One charge (Qi = 8.5 tC) is at x, = 3.0 em and the other (Qo =-21 uC) is at xp = 9.0 em. (a) Caleulate the electric force exerted on each charge due to the other, and state with explanation how the magnitudes of the two forces compare. B] (6) Draw a sketch diagram of the charge configuration of this problem and show the directions of the electric field of each charge at x = 6.0 om. B) (©) Determine the magnitude and the direction of the resultant electric field at x = 6m. (4) A charge of q= +1.0 uC is placed in a uniform electric field of magnitude Ex = 1.20 x 108 NC" along the x-axis. (2) How much work must be performed in order to move the charge a distance © = 3.00 om in the positive x-direction? (4) (b) Whats the potential difference between the initial and final positions of the charge? (6) uestion 3 For the circuit shown below, 5Q 4 30V. 279 MW MW sos (a) Find the current in the circuit [4] (b) Find the potential difference between the points A and B. (4) (©) Which point, A or B, is ata higher potential? PR} uestion 4 A wire of unknown composition has a resistance of Ry = 35.0. when immersed in water at 20°C. When the wire is placed in boiling water, ts resistance rises to 47.6 2 What is the temperature of a hot summer day when the wire has a resistance of 37.8 Q. 0) 2Question § In the circuit below, calculate (a) the equivalent capacitance between points A and B. (6) (b) the total energy stored, given that the potential difference between points A and B i Vag = 3.5V. (4) 4uk OnE A —| 4 uF F ut uF Question 6 A 10m length of aluminium wire has a diameter of 1.5 mm. It carries a current of 12 A. Given that aluminium has approximately 10°? free electrons/m?, and a resistivity of 2.8 x 10-®0m. Find: (a) the current density 21 (b) the average drift velocity. BI (©) the electric field in the wire. 2] (@) the power dissipated on the wire, BI Question 7 A battery is connected across a variable resistance R. When the current is 6A, the terminal potential difference 8.4 V. When the current is 8 A, the terminal potential difference is 7.2 V. Find the internal resistance and the EMF of the battery. (10) x toQuestion § A battery of EMF ¢ = 20 Vand internal resistance r = 1 is connected to three resistors Ry = 60, R, = 4 Mand Rs = 12.0, as shown, yr Rp WW Ry AW AN Rs Find (@) The current J, from the source. (4) (b) The terminal potential difference of the battery. Ri (©) The current through each resistor. 4] Question 9 2Vv x 32 —j va(1)" “0 2 6v Ye, y* Is L@l¥ In the circuit in Figure above, the ammeter reads 3.0 A, (@) Write Kirchhof?*s Current Law (KCL) for junction X or ¥. ri (&) Write the Kirchhoff's Voltage Laws for ioop 1 and 2 following the direction given as indicated in the figure above. Hence, (4) (© Find 41, 2 and the voltmeter reading, [4 Question 10 A galvanometer of resistance Ro = 0.5@ that admits a maximum current of ig = 2.5 md is to be used as a voltmeter with ranges 6 V, 18 V and 24 V. Draw a circuit that would convert the galvanometer into the multi-range voltmeter, hence calculate the resistances of the resistors to be used. [10]yuestion An unknown length of platinum wire of 0.920 mm in diameter is placed as an unknown resistor Ry in a Wheatstone bridge as shown. If Ry = 38.0.0, Ry = 46.0 0 and the bridge is balanced when R, is 3.48 0, how long is the platinum wire? p = 10.6 x 10-80 m. [10] juestion 12 An electron with a velocity of 2.5 x 10’m/s enters a region of uniform magnetic field of 0.02 T with its velocity at 45° to x-axis in the xz-plane as shown in the figure. ¥ Se] ea Zz v= 25x 10’m/s Ifthe magnetic field is directed along the +-axis, find the magnetic force (magnitude and direction) on the electron. 10) Question 13 A proton moves at 3 x 10”m/s normal/perpendicular to the uniform magnetic field of 21 Find the radius of the path and the time it takes to make one revolution, (19) weeeeeo9 4988444944 END OF PHY 122 EXAMINATION *####¢e0nnHeEEEEES o8Ke 5Solutions (10° V8.510*CV2NX1O“C) _ 46 960 e {(9—3) x10? m}?* ” (6) To be drawn by hand B) © e=%, where k = 8.99 x 10? Nmi/C? a] ‘We note that both electric fields point in the same direction ie. to the right hence we simply add them together. (899x10 Nn JCVB.Sx10%C) , (8.99x10 CVAIO*C) _ 5 grotwic (0.030m)" (0.030m)" Question 2 Let us denote the initial and final positions of the charge And B, respectively. The work which must be perform in order to move the charge from Ato Bis: (a) W=-q Exe =- (1.0.x 10%) (1.2 x 10°) (-3.00 x 102) =3.6 x 10°) [4] (b) ‘The work done on the charge goes to increase its electric potential energy, hence Ps ~Pa=4q(Ve- Va) = W=-qExe BI ie Va~Va=4 (1.20 x 10°) (-3.00 x 107) = 36.0 V BI uestion 3 (a) Going clockwise through the circuit 30-271 - 10-121 - 81-51 =0 [2] 20-521 uy 20 2= 038A tl] (b) Starting at point A Vq + 30 ~ (27)(0.38) = Vp 2) Va — Vp = 10.3 ~ 30 = -19.7 21 (©) Hence Vp is at higher or B is ata higher potential [2]R= Rll +a(T ~T)] 2 47.6 = 35[1 + a(100 ~ 20)} 2) 80a 35 oe iasyeo) = 45% 10°*/°C Q 37.8 = 35[1 + a(T — 20)] PI 2 (T — 20) = 45 x 10-*(r — 20) 378-35 _ 47 ay Or 720 = GFE = 178°C T= 20+ 17.8 = 378°C Q] Question (a) The 4 and 2 F"s in series, Cun(boLy a2 2) a aa) 2 : The I and C, ,are paraltel, therefore, C,,4 =2u-+ Ig = 3y0F. 2) The C,,.3, 6 and the 2," in series, 2] (o) dev? 21 (0.5)(10"°)(3.5)2 mw 125 4 t] Question 6 = se 6 Alm? @s= Tapert = 6.79 X 108 A/mi (2) l= nqugA 9 J=t=ngvg éfoxtoe = va Toy = 424 x 10-4 m/s BI J pee 2.8 x 10-)(6.79 x 10°) = 0.19V/m [2] = PR = pt = CD*2ox10- (10) _ OP PR Pag Rpt 22BY aRie 2] Vq— Vy = 1R = © Ir 2) 84V =e -6r oy uj 72V =6-8r Q) io] (1) ~@) gives 1.2 = 2r =H=06n (2) From (1) £=84+6r fo) 8.4 + (6)(0.6) RV i} Question 8 (a) Ro is parallel to Rs Rp = 222 = 30 1 Riis in series with Rp Rr = 60 +30 = 90 uy EMF ¢ = Vag + Ir = IRp — Ir (2) (b) The terminal potential difference Van =€-Ir = 20V~ (2A) =18V [2 (T= Ip, = 2A Ve, a) ¢2 = Vay = Vau ~ Ve, = 18V -(2A)(60)=6Y [1] 15A OSA ii} oy = +3A 2) I, = 1,~3A since=3A — {eqnl} (b) -2-41,+£48h=0 } 2) Or E=14-8), feqn2} © 6 +41, +3/, =0 21 Or 3h = 6-41, feqn3} Hence, from eqn3, 3h, = 6 ~ als = 6 ~ (4x 3A) = From eqn, h=h- -3A=-5A w From eqn2, E=14~8l, = 14~-8(-5A) = 54VQuestion 10 Drawing [3] The potential drop across the galvanometer, Ro, and Ri must be equal to 6 V when a maximum galvanometer current is flowing: Ing +R)=6V oR, _p, = 23000 21 Similarly, the potential drop across Ro, Rs, and Re must equal 18 V when maximum galvanometer current is flowing: Ig(Re + Ry +R2)=18V @ Rp 77 Ra ~ Ri = 4800.0 2) Similarly, for 24 V range: Io(Ro + Ri + Ry +Rs)=24V Ry ae Re —Ry—Rz = 24000 [3] Question 11 When the bridge is balanced Van = Van = IsRa = Ry a) 2] Ven = Veo = IsRy Re @ PR) From eqn (1) and (2) x3.48= 4210 21 BA _ 42i)n(046x10-2)8 =264m [4]Question 12 vanity +k Vy cos 45°, B= 0, , fe xB =|y, 0 vy = veos 90°, ZR 0 uv) = (BF 0 B,| Magnetic force on electron Fa qxB=ebx B= (—ev,B,)y v= vsin 45° (1.6 x 10-19C)(5 x 10’m/s)(cos 45°)(0.027) 5.66 x 10-4 jf IF| = 5.66 x 10-*4N, in the +y direction. Question 13 Magnetic force |F| = qvBsin 8 Since v is perpendicular to B, 9 = 90° IF| = qvBsin 90 ae Period T = 228 = (487 «10°27)¢34107) vB = me Texto 9x2 (.610"7@) = 2 1.67410-7 =0.157m =3.28x10"8s 2) (2) (!) a (2) 22)