DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY: FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

1. ORAL- (0-2 y.o) infants achieves gratification through oral activities such as feeding, thumb sucking and
bubbling.
2. ANAL- (2-3 y.o) child learns to respond to some of the demands of society (such as bowel and bladder control).
3. PHALLIC-(3-7 y.o) child learns to realize the differences between males and females and becomes aware of
sexuality.
4. LATENCY- (7-11 y.o) child continuous his/her development but sexual urges are relatively quiet.
5. GENITAL- (11-Adult) growing adolescent shakes off old dependencies and learns to deal maturely with the
opposite sex.

FREUD’S LEVELS OF CONSCIOUSNESS

a. Conscious level- everything that we are aware of particular moment

- thoughts, perceptions
b. Preconscious level- Anything that can easily be made conscious; what we might call available memory
- memories, stored knowledge
c. Unconscious level- all the things that are easily available to awareness
- fears, unacceptable sexual desires, violent motives, irrational wishes, immoral urges, selfish needs, shameful
experiences

FREUD’S STRUCTURE OF PERSONALITY

a. Id- driven by pleasure principle, which strives for immediate gratification of all desires, wants, and needs.
b. Ego- develops from the id and ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in
the real world.
- operates based on the reality principle, which strives to satisfy the id's desires in realistic and socially
appropriate ways
c. Superego- begins to emerge at around age five.
- holds the internalized moral standards and ideals that we acquire from our parents and society (our
sense of right and wrong)

2 parts of Superego:

1. Conscience- information about things that are viewed as bad by parents and society .
2. Ego ideal- includes the rules and standards for behaviors that the ego aspires to.