Department of Education

Arts 9
Western Classical Art
Traditions (Architecture)
First Quarter – Week 4

Cristel P. Distrito
Writer

Mrs. Evangeline M. Aman

Validator

Evangeline M. Aman
Wilson F. Pascual
Edison C. Enerlas
Division Quality Assurance Team

Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City

Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City
(02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940

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 The self-learning module will help you acquire knowledge in the Western
Classical Arts. It has the following specific objective:

1. Compares the characteristics of artworks produced in the different

art periods
2. Creates artworks guided by techniques and styles of Western
Classical art traditions

Directions: Encircle the letter of the best answer

1. The architecture in this era was based on megaliths (a big rock) from
the Greek word lithos (stone) and megas (big)
a. Pre-historic Architecture c. Egyptian Architecture
b. Greek Architecture d. Gothic Architecture

2. A type of Egyptian tomb in the form of a flat-roofed, rectangular

structure with outward sloping sides.
a. Pitsa pael b. Mastaba c. Pyramid d. Dolmens

3. They built sturdy stone structures both for use and to perpetuate their
glory.
a. Pre-historic Architecture c. Roman Architecture
b. Greek Architecture d. Gothic Architecture

4. Mosaic decoration was perfected by the______________, as was the

use of clerestory to bring light in from high windows.
a. Gothic b. Byzantines c. Romanesque d. Roman

5. One of the biggest domes ever created with 108 feet in diameter and
because of its grand size it can still be seen from miles away.
a. Cromlech b. Parthenon c. Colosseum d. Hagia Sophia

6. The word dolmen originated from the expression taolmaen, which means
?
a. Stone table b. stone jar c. stone tablet d. stone

7. The exterior and interior walls along with columns and piers were
covered with hieroglyphics and pictorial frescoes and carvings painted
in brilliant colors.
a. Pre-historic Architecture c. Egyptian Architecture
b. Greek Architecture d. Gothic Architecture

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8. The most substantial ancient structure of the world
a. Stonehenge c. Parthenon
b. Pyramid of Giza d. Cave of Lascaux
9. It displayed solid masonry walls, rounded arches, and masonry vaults.
a. Pre-historic Architecture c. Egyptian Architecture
b. Romanesque Architecture d. Gothic Architecture

10. Has rich architecture and design splendid stained-glass windows.

a. Cathedral of Chartres c. Hagia Sophia
b. Colosseum d. Parthenon

Directions: Arrange the letters to form the correct word of different

periods/eras of paintings
1. G Y P E I A T N Emphasizes the importance of life after death

2. O A R N M copied from Hellenic Greek

3. Y A B Z N T I E N glorify Christian religion and express it
mystery

4. O G H I C T create buildings of height and light

5. E G E R K commonly found in vases, panels, and tombs

Pre-historic architecture
Prehistoric builders moved earth and stone into Stonehenge (best-preserved megalith
geometric forms, creating our earliest human-made site in Europe
formations.
▪ architecture based on megaliths (a big rock)
from the Greek word lithos (stone) and Megas
(big).
▪ Intended for burial
3 types of megaliths:

Menhir Dolmens Cromlech

Huge stone standing
vertically on the ground
-usually standing in the
middle of the field or
arranged in rows
(taolmaen-stone table) ‘from”- bent or curved, lech-
-2 standing stones slab, flagstone.
supporting a horizontal giant -circle of standing stone
stone.
-served as grave or altar
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Egyptian Architecture
In ancient Egypt, powerful rulers
constructed monumental pyramids,
temples, and shrines.

The exterior and interior walls along

with columns and piers were covered
with hieroglyphics and pictorial frescoes
and carvings painted in brilliant colors.
Ornamentations were symbolic Philae temple at night in Aswan
including scarab (sacred beetle),
solar disk and
vulture, common motifs (palm leaves, buds, flower of lotus, and
papyrus plants)
Temples were aligned with
astronomically significant events like
solstices

Hypostyle column in the

Temple of Amun
Pyramid of Giza
-most substantial structure of the world
-funerary structure of the 3 kings of t h e 4th dynasty namely:
1. Khufu (Cheops) Great pyramid attributed
2. Khafa (Chepren) pyramid next to the great pyramid
3. Menkaura (Mycerinus) smallest pyramid attributed
Greek Architecture
Classical architecture refers to the style
and design of buildings in ancient
Greece and ancient Rome.
best known from its temples,
many of which are found
throughout the region, and the
Parthenon is a prime example of
this, mostly as ruins but many
substantially intact.
Temples consisted of a central shrine Parthenon
or room in an aisle surrounded by rows of
columns.
post and lintel, it is composed of upright beams (posts) supporting
horizontal beams (lintels)

3 classical
orders: Ionic, Doric,
Corinthian

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 The Temple of Hephaestos The Erechtheion, Acropolis
Athens Athens

Roman Architecture
They built sturdy stone structures both
for use and to perpetuate their glory.
▪ The emperors erected huge halls and
,• enas for The Temple of Zeus Olympia,
arenas for public games, baths, and Athens
procession.
▪ They built them of gigantic arches of
stone, bricks, and concrete or with barrel The Arch of Titus in Rome, an early
vaults Roman imperial triumphal arch with a
single archway

Colosseum
-an oval amphitheater in the center of the city of Rome, Italy.
- the largest ancient amphitheater ever built, and is still the largest standing amphitheater
in the world today, despite its age.

Byzantine Architecture

After Constantine moved the capital of

the Roman empire to Byzantium (now
called Istanbul in Turkey) in 330 CE,
Roman architecture evolved into a
graceful, classically- inspired style that
used brick instead of stone, domed
roofs, elaborate mosaics, and classical
forms

▪ use of clerestory to bring light in

Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom)
from high windows -one of the biggest domes ever created
▪ advancement in developing the dome with 108 ft. diameter
created a new style in global
architecture.

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 Hagia Irene
the first church that was built in
--
Constantinople, but due to its location,
it was severely damaged by
earthquakes and the Nika riots, and
required repair several times.
Pammakaristos Church
-known as the Church of Theotokos
Pammakaristos (All-Blessed Mother of God")
-is one of the most famous Greek
Orthodox Byzantine churches in
Istanbul

Chora Church
-medieval Byzantine Greek
Orthodox church preserved as the
Chora Museum in the Edirnekapı
neighborhood of Istanbul

Romanesque Architecture
As Rome spread across Europe, heavier,
stocky Romanesque architecture with
rounded arches emerged.

▪ doorways of churches are often grand

sculptured portals.
▪ Wood or metal doors are surrounded
by elaborate stone sculptures arranged
in zones to fit architectural elements.
▪ displayed solid masonry walls,
rounded arches, and masonry Maria Laach Abbey, Germany
vaults.

Portal, Church of Santa The Civic Hall in Massa The keep of Conisbrough St. Michael's Church,
Maria, Viu de Marittima, Castle, England. Hildesheim
Llevata, Catalonia, Spain Italy

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Gothic Architecture

Early in the 12th century, new ways of the building

meant that cathedrals and other large buildings
could soar to new heights. Gothic architecture
became characterized by the elements that
supported taller, more graceful architecture

▪ the pointed arch enabled builders to

construct much higher ceiling vaults
▪ stone vaulting borne on a network of stone
ribs supported by piers and clustered pillars.
▪ Stained glass windows Cologne Cathedral towers

Sainte Chapelle Interior Stained Glass

The Henry VII Lady Chapel at Westminster

Abbey Buttresses of Amiens Cathedral with
pinnacles to give them added weight

Chartres Cathedral

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Activity 1
Directions: Compare the architecture using the characteristics of
each period/era. Use the table below for your answer.

Activity 2:
Directions. Arrange the letters to form the correct word of different
architecture from t h e period/era of paintings. Write your answer
inside the box.

1. TOSNEGEHEN 2. ATCHERAL FO HRACTRES 3. YAPRIDM OF IZAG

4. OCLSOSMUE 5.ROIDC 6. GAIHA POASHI

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7. EMTLEP FO EZSU 8. LEDNOSM 9. LIPEAH EMTLEP

11. ARPENTON

Directions: express what you have learned in this lesson by completing

the sentences below.

1. I have realized

2. I have understood

3. I have learned

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Activity 1: My Dream House! (Cardboard House)
Procedure:
1. Choose from the different architectures that we discussed
and use them as inspiration for your dream house
2. You can use any recyclable cardboard
3. Take a picture and video with your work submit it to your
teacher via messenger or google classroom.
Materials: bond papers/ colored papers, paste/glue/glue stick,
scissors, cardboard,

Rubric

Criteria 25 20 15 10 5
1. All instruction were followed
2. Proper use of materials
3. Neatness of the artwork
4. Art includes your own ideas.

Activity 2: Light me Up!

Directions: Create an example of stained glass that has a practical
use. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xosiIUuQTKA&t=228s
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 Materials:
big empty glass bottle, black
permanent marker, acrylic
paint/sharpie markers/any
colored permanent marker,
glue, tee light candle, water.

Procedure:
1. Choose a design for your stained-glass bottle candle holder.
It should be relevant to medieval themes and symbolisms.
2. Trace your design outside the bottle using the
permanent black marker. Your outline should be bold
and thick
3. Color your design.
4. After coloring, re-outline your design with a black marker to
make the outline precise and visible.
5. After coloring and re-outlining your design, apply a glaze
composed of white glue diluted in water
6. Place the tee light candle inside the bottle and light it so
you can see the stained-glass effect.
7. Take a picture and video with your work submit it to your
teacher via messenger or google classroom.

Criteria 25 20 15 10 5
1. All instruction were
followed
2. Proper use of materials

3. Neatness of the artwork

4. Art includes your own

ideas.

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Activity 3: My
Mosaic Materials:
Recycled papers, colored papers, candy
wrapper Bond paper/Oslo paper/recycled
cardboard Scissors
Glue
Ruler
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6- TU44S45Ds&t=68s

Procedure:
1. Create your design/pattern for your mosaic
2. Cut your preferred materials (colored paper, candy wrappers,
etc.) into small pieces.
3. Start pasting your cut materials into your design.
4. Take a picture /video with your work, submit it to your
teacher via messenger or google classroom.
Rubric
Indicators 25 20 15 10 5
1. Composition and design- Excellent Very Good Fair poor
shows the theme and motif good
of Roman/Medieval
subjects
2. Process –
a. Follows the
instruction in doing
the activity
b. Maintain cleanliness in
the working area
3. Materials use – use proper
materials and tools
prescribed in the activity
4. Overall look of the work –
shows overall
characteristics of Roman
and Medieval art
Total

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 Direction: For each of the following questions, encircle the letter of
your answer
1. In Roman architecture, the emperors erected huge halls and
arenas for public games, baths, and procession
a. True c. Maybe
b. False d. Does not say

2. Romanesque architecture displayed solid masonry walls,

rounded arches and.
a. masonry vault c. glass wall
b. pointed arch d. columns

3. One of the biggest domes ever created, and also known as

the “Holy wisdom”.
a. Cathedral of Chartres c. Colosseum
b. St. Peter’s Basilica d. Hagia Sophia

4. This architecture became characterized by the elements that

supported taller, more graceful architecture.
a. Greek c. Roman
b. Gothic d. Byzantine

5. The three classical orders of architecture in Greek: Doric, Ionic and.

a. Pyramid c. Corinthian
b. Stonehenge d. Dolmens

6. Ornamentations were symbolic in Roman architecture.

a. True c. Maybe
b. False d. Does not say

7. In Greek architecture, temples consisted of a central shrine or

room in an aisle surrounded by rows.
a. Columns c. Arch
b. Dome d. Vault

8. In Pre-historic, architecture was based on megaliths.

a. True c. Maybe
b. False d. Does not say

9. In what period/era d i d the new ways of building meant that

cathedrals and other large buildings could soar to new heights?
a. Romanesque c. Gothic
b. Roman d. Greek

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10. In this period/era, t h e doorways of churches are often
grand sculptured portals.
a. Romanesque c. Gothic
b. Roman d. Greek

References
https://www.thespruce.com/classical-architecture-
4797909 https://www.thoughtco.com/architecture-timeline-
historic-periods- styles-175996
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/720505640378742653/
https://youtu.be/JC93CPSV94M
https://steemit.com/nature/@yo117/menhir
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolmen
https://www.wikiloc.com/hiking-trails/ruta-megalitica-i-
itaida- 2237989/photo-844804
https://www.egypttoursportal.com/ancient-egyptian-
architecture/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Greek_architecture
#/media
/File:Erechtheum-_Acropolis_of_Athens.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Amiens_Cath%
C3%A9dr ale_Notre-dame_arc-boutant_sud-est_4.jpg

Pre-test Looking Back

C-A-B-C-B-D-A-C-B-B-A EGYPTIAN, ROMAN, BYZANTINE, GOTHIC, GREEK

Activity 2 Post test

STONEHENGE 1.A-2.A-3.D-4.B-5.C-6.B-7.A-8.A-9.C-
10.A CATHEDRAL OF CHARTRES
PYRAMID OF
GIZA
COLOSSEUM
DORIC
HAGIA SOPHIA
TEMPLE OF
ZEUS DOLMENS
PHILAE TEMPLE
PARTHENONS

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