Energy Chapter 12Energy ® Energy is the ability to cause change. It could change temperature, speed, position, shape or direction of an object. = There are many different types of energy. There is heat energy in the form of light. = There is chemical energy in the form of food. There is mechanical energy when you drive your (=) = When you use energy to change things, the energy used often changes as well. An example is when the chemical eneray in fireworks turn into light and heat energy.Energy = Whenever energy changes its called an energy transformation. = This occurs in your bodies also. When you eat pasta or a big Mac you are eating chemical energy. = When your muscles contract you use the chemical energy and turn it into heat energy so that you can play and run around. = That is why you get warm when you play and eventually sweat.Energy = Fats are a macromolecule that contain the most energy. They contain 3x more energy than sugars. = Our bodies do not use fats our first source of energy though because they are hard to break down. = We use sugars and carbohydrates first because they breakdown much easier.Potential & Kinetic Energy ® These two energy types deal with motion. = Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. An object which has motion - whether it be vertical or horizontal motion - has kinetic energy. = Everything that moves has a different amount of kinetic energy, and it all depends on the mass and speed of the object. = What would have more kinetic energy, a car going 5mph, or a lion running at Smph? = The car, b/c it has a lot more mass then a lion.Potential & Kinetic Energy ® Potential Energy- is considered to be stored energy in an object. When a boulder is held at the top of the hill but is not moving it has potential energy. = Its has potential to roll down the hill at a certain speed. Once the rock does roll down the hill, the potential energy transforms into kinetic energy. = Potential energy goes to kinetic energy when something acts to release the stored energy. = The more potential energy something has the MORN diml=ie(em=il=ike) Alen Y | MatehZonPotential & Kinetic Energy = A good example is a pendulum on a clock. If you pull the pendulum and hold it you are creating potential energy. = When you Jet go, the pendulum swings and turns the potential energy into kinetic energy. = The farther back you pull the pendulum the more kinetic energy will be made when you release it to swing.Kinetic Energy = Kinetic energy can be transferred from one object to another, when objects interact with each other. = An example is when you throw a bowling ball toward the pins. When the ball interacts the pins, the move and the energy from the ball is transferred to the ins = When the ball gives some of its kinetic energy to the pins the ball actually looses energy, and slows down. ®& H.W. pg 327 ques 1-4ai at=anel mals cep = Thermal energy deals with the transfer of heat Silene a = When you go out in the cold and than have a cup of hot cocoa the cocoa warms you up because of its high thermal energy. = Thermal energy moves from objects that are warmer to ones that are cooler. = The thermal energy that moves from the warmer object to the cooler one is what we call heat.aint aantel mals cep = We base our temperatures on thermal energy. Normal body temp is 98.6 C, if you were sick it might be 102 C. = This means that the molecules in your body are causing more thermal energy ltgt=lne ne) @n re) = We measure temperature with thermometers and we have 2 different scales: Fahrenheit and Celsius.Fahrenheit and Celsius = Celsius is the metric systems way of calculating temperature. It is based upon the temperature characteristics of water. = This scale calls the freezing point of 0°C and its boiling point is called 100° C. = Fahrenheit is also known as the British measurement of temperature. It has water freezing at 32°F and boiling at 212° F.How Thermal energy moves = When you bake a cake the thermal energy of your oven moves and heats up the kitchen. Thermal energy moves in thre ways. = Radiation- this is thermal energy that moves away from its source in all directions in the forms of waves. Ex: The suns energy and a microwave oven uses radiation to heat things with thermal lnsiteh AHow Thermal energy moves ® Conduction- is the transfer of thermal energy from one molecule to another. ® If you put a spoon into a hot bowl of soup, the spoon will get warmer because it conducts heat from the hot soup. ® Convection- is the transfer of thermal energy from one place to another in a gas or liquid form. An ex: is the wind, Wind can move radiation energy from the sun across a body of water and cause the water to be heated. = H.W. pg 342 ques. 1-10