I.

INTRODUCTION

Literary Criticism from Latin word “Criticus” which mean to Judge it is the process of
analyzing, interprets and evaluation of authors and their works of literature which can included
the novels, essays, poetry and short stories it is also the art or practice of judging and
commenting on the qualities and character of literary works. essence, literary criticism is an
opinion based on facts and its supported by evidence.

In Literary Criticism there have 13 types includes the Marxist Criticism and New
Historicism. So when we heard or read the Marxist Criticism the first thing that comes to our
mind is Karl Marx, Marxist Criticism is an approach to analyzing political issue in terms of
conflicts between individuals from various socioeconomic classes, and the New Historicism was
invented by Stephen Greenbalt and he claims that literature is always Historical and it is a style
of literary criticism that emphasizes the historicity by connecting it to the social, political or
cultural context of the author in a period of time. Additionally, they believe that literature should
be considered as a product of the authors time, place and historical circumstances.

At first what is Marxist Criticism and New Historicism? Marxist criticism applies political
science and economics to the study of literature also it is focus on the economic status of
characters, wealth, work, race and class conflict and the New Historicism should be studied and
interpreted in the context of both authors and the history of the critic.

II. BODY
The Marxist Criticism and New Historicism are different is it because the Marxist Criticism
are invented by Karl Marx and its only focus on the capitalist and working class, it is approach to
diagnosing political and social problems in terms of struggles between member’s different socio-
economic classes.

While the New historicism are invented by Stephen Greenbalt, New Historicism aims to get
much more detailed and granular about what was happening at a certain time and in a specific
place. The New Historicism makes an effort to place a literary works in its historical setting, this
terms about a period such as the Elizabeth era, significant political events and the spirit of time.
For example, the novel Oliver Twist or the Parish Boys Progress by Charles Dickens, it is a work
of literature published in Victorian Period in English History, it is reflecting the social, culture
and political climate of England at that time.

If there have difference between the Marxist and New Historicism also they have similarities
and that one is the Marxist and New Historicism have both place a strong emphasis on a piece of
literature’s cultural setting when analyzing it.

III. CONCLUCION

In conclusion, Marxist Criticism that its only focus on the class struggle and it is the most
realistic part of Marx, Marxist emphasize thus class, socioeconomic status, power dynamics
among different societal segments. Marxist Literary Analysis is useful because it can help the
readers how the class affects a texts storyline. The New Historicism is typically used as a literary
analysis method that focuses on interpreting the social, cultural, and political factors which that
the author was influencing the context in which the writer wrote the text.
 Marxist Criticism New Historicism

Similarities Differences
Differences

The focus of Marxist They Both share

New Historicism focuses
Criticism is the respect for cultural
on both comprehending
abolition of the class context and also both
Historical events via
system. acknowledge and
literary analysis and
Marxist Literary believe that history
understanding. New
criticism is has influence cultural
Historicism takes a
also more focuses on the advancement
boarder approach.
power relation.
 MARXIST CRITICISM NEW
HISTORICISMS

New Historicisms It is
they are the main claim on
Marxist criticism is both themes and meaning
an approach to place of of literature also this
analyzing political strong criticism are not
and social issues in emphasis universal and cannot
terms of conflicts on a be derived from the
between individuals piece of text alone. Rather,
from various literature they are the product
socioeconomic ’s cultural of the author’s time
strata. setting and cultural situation.
when