DO 1 Vowel abnormality

DO 2 Rule
Alternative outline, not contraction
DO 3 Care A-B

DO 4 Care C-D ad valorem

DO 5 Care E-N

DO 6 Care O-Z

Vocabulary affidavit

Vocab Intro

Numbers

Punctuation
agriculture/agricultural
Word Lists

Text Lists from PDFs

Shorthand Books

Shorthand Dictionaries agriculturist

Full outlines required for:

agriculturalist agricultor

antagonism/antagonist/antagonistic

antitrinitarian

applicable

arbitrament*

archbishop

archbishopric
archiepiscopacy

architective*

aristocratic/aristocracy

astonish/astonished/astonishment

Safe for the noun "astonishment". Ensure the En is

written clearly full length, to differentiate from
"astound"

astonishing

astonishingly

astringency*

atonement*

Contraction is the same as attainment (Theory 20

Suffixes page)

aurora borealis

auspicious
auspiciously

inauspicious

inauspiciously

bandstand

Alternative outline, not contraction

banknote

baptise/baptised/
Baptist/baptism

rebaptise/rebaptised/rebaptism

beforehand

Alternative outline, not contraction

Using short form "hand"

benevolence/benevolent
benevolently

benignant/benignity

benignantly

bondsman

Compare with these full outlines:

bondman bondwoman bondmaid

brotherhood

burdensome

burdensomeness

overburdensome

Using short form "over"

businessman

Top of page Write the contraction clearly through the line, so that
it does not look like "busman" or "postman".

cabinet
Calvinism

captain

captainship

In the full outline, the Ish is disjoined so that it does

not look like the suffix "-cy":

captaincy

casual

Full outlines required for:

casually casuals (= a type of shoe)

Catholic

Roman Catholic

charter-party

Chiltern Hundreds

chloroform

Pronunciation of the first vowel may vary

Christian/Christianity
clearing house

"Clearing" on its own has dot ing, as per normal rules

Cobdenism

controversy/controversial

The full outline for "ConTROversy" with the accent on

the second syllable would be above the line with a
first place dash vowel
"Controversialist" is a full outline

co-religionist

cosmopolitanism

counterclaim

"Counter" on its own as per normal rules:

counter

covenant*

Care needed with the Kay, keeping it thin, as these

outlines are similar to govern and government

defendant

delinquency

delinquent

democracy/democratic
undemocratic

depreciate/depreciated

depreciatory

descriptive*

Full outline required for:

Top of page

descriptively

dessertspoonful

Keep the Ray short, otherwise the contraction will

look like "disrespectful"

development

The dictionary outline for the verb "develop" is in full

only, but using the above contraction for that word
presents no problem

dignify/dignified/dignity

Full outline required for:

 indignity

undignified

Compare indignant below

dilapidate/dilapidated/
dilapidation

discontentment*

See also contentment (Contractions Main page)

dissimilar

divergency

Pronunciation of the first vowel may vary: "dyve-" or

"divv-

doctrine

doctrinaire

doctrinal

Pronunciation of the second vowel may vary:

"doc-try-nal"

drunkenness

dyspepsia/dyspeptic
Top of page
 The full version of dyspepsia should always have the
final diphone written in, to differentiate from
"dyspepsy"
Full outline required for:

dyspepsy

ecclesiastic/ecclesiastical/
ecclesiastically

"Ecclesiastes" (Bible book) is a full outline, but the

contraction would be useful for noting Bible reference
numbers

electron*

electronic*

embankment

enthronement/enthronement

Alternative outline, not contraction.

The first version seems to be more reliable, as the
second one is very similar to "enthroning" which has
the same meaning:

enthroning

episcopal/episcopalian/episcopalianism

Esperanto
evangelical

The pronunciation of the first syllable may vary:

"eev-"

exchanger*

expectation*

expeditiously*

Full outline required for "expeditious"

extemporaneous

extemporaneously

extraordinary

extraordinarily

extravagance/extravagant
/extravagantly

favourable/favorable

Full outline required for "unfavourably/unfavorably"

Compare:
 verbal verbally

favourably/favorably

finality

Alternative outline, not contraction

foundation-stone

fugitive

fulgency

Pronunciation of the first vowel may vary - when

rhyming with "full", write the dash through the end
of the Eff and outline in 3rd position

generation

In phrasing, "J-Shun" can also be used to signify

"objection"

degeneration

regeneration

ginger

governor*

vice-governor

governor-general*
*Using short form

governorship

Top of page

grand-juror

Ensure the two Rays are long and clear, to prevent

confusion with "grand-jury"

grand-jury

Advisable to insert the final dot

greatest

Using the short form "great"

habeas corpus

haphazard

"haphazardly" is a full outline, but using the

contraction with a joined upward Ell would work just
as well

harbinger

henceforth*

See henceforward (Contractions Main page)

thenceforth*

See thenceforward (Contractions Main page)

high-pressure

Top of page

Some older dictionaries retain the I diphthong after

the Hay on the contraction

horticulture/horticultural
 Full outline required for:

horticultor

horticulturist

hypothecate/hypothecated

The full outline for "hypothecate" does not use a

halved Kay because the angle with the Ith would be
insufficient for it to be clear

imperialism

See also Methodism which is similar

impregnable/impregnably

indefatigable/indefatigably

indescribable/indescribably

indignant/indignation
 Compare undignified above

indignantly

indiscriminate

indiscriminately

indoctrinate

indoctrinated

indoctrination

inflationary

disinflationary

infinitesimal

inspector-general

Using short form "general". Full outline required for

"inspector" (Contractions Main page)
insularity

Alternative outline, not contraction - dictionary is

missing the initial dot on the first version

intelligencer*

intelligential*

intelligibility*

intemperance

ironmaster*

See also ironmonger (Contractions Main page)

ironmould*

Alternative outline, not contraction

journalism

journalist

journalistic

jurisprudence*

Top of page
Full outline required for "jurisprudent"

juxtaposition
 Full outline required for "juxtapose"

lance-corporal

"Corporal" is the contracted part, therefore "lance"

keeps its vowel sign

landmark

Alternative intersection, not contraction

life assurance

The intersection for "insurance" is En+Circle S

locomotive

longest

longitude

lordship

Combination of short form "lord" and contracted

suffix "ship"

machinery

malignant/malignancy

Full outline required for:

malignantly

man-of-war

Full vocalised outline for:

man-o'-war (suggested outline, not in dictionary)

If using this, you should insert the dash vowel after
 the En for clarity

melancholy

Full outline required for:

melancholia

merchantman

sergeant-major

Methodism

See also "imperialism" which is similar

microscopic

millionth

Not recommended, although given as above in the

biggest dictionary. The stroke Em is used for "million"
when written with numerals, and you cannot add an
Ith because that is used for "thousand". This will be
discussed in a future Phrasing page.

mineralogy

misdemeanour

motherhood

mother-of-pearl

mythology

neighbourhood/neighborhood
 Keep the halved BR stroke short, so it does not look
like "neighbour/neighbor"

nitrogen

non-commissioned officer

nonconformist

nonconformity

obnoxious
(i.e. = ob+shus)

obnoxiously
(i.e. = ob+shusly)

obscurity

observation

orthodox/orthodoxy

parallelogram

parliamentarian*

particularise

The short form "particular" is written above the line

particularised

particularising

particularism

The "particular" part matches the short form which is

also written above the line

percent

Top of page The contraction is written close to the preceding

outline or numeral

philanthropic/philanthropy

philanthropist

phonographer

phonographic

The normal outline "phonic" is similar:

phonic

phonography

plenipotentiary

possibility

practitioner*
preferential/preferentially

"Preference" uses N Hook/Circle S

Presbyterian/Presbyterianism

preservation

priesthood

The full outline omits the lightly-sounded T

Privy Council

Alternative intersection, not contraction

projection*

Top of page

Protestantism

Note the vowel sign for the "e" cannot be shown in

the vocalised outline, as there is nowhere to place it

publican*

pungency

qualification

Compare "cultivation" which is similar:

 cultivation

quarter

Full outline required for:

quartering
See also Vocabulary Numbers/quarter for a brief
method when used with numbers

question*

Full outline required for:

questioning questioningly

question-mark

Alternative intersection, not contraction

You could also use the intersection with the
contracted version of "question", but it might be
easier (but not strict theory) to write the Em in
proximity

quotation-marks

Alternative intersection, not contraction

If the person says "quote marks" a non-theory
suggestion would be to write Em in proximity to
"quote"

recognizance

The pronunciation can be either "recog-" or

"recon-" and is related to the word recognise. The
latter pronunciation is identical to "reconnaissance"
below:

recognise reconnoitre reconnaissance

recognizance = a legal obligation

reconnoitre reconnaissance = carry out a preliminary

geographical or military survey.

referring

reformation
 See also reform (Contractions Main page)

registrar

religion

Alternative short form, not contraction

religious

Alternative short form, not contraction

religiously

Alternative short form, not contraction

repugnant/repugnance

repugnantly

requesting*

Top of page

resignation

resurrection

reverend

The contraction is for "reverend" but the full outline

also represents "reverent"

revivalism

Saviour/saviour

Compare:
 saver

scornful

scorn is written with Hook N

scornfully

scripture

Alternative short form, not contraction

scriptural

unscriptural

The contraction is shown incorrectly on the line in the

1974 dictionary

antiscriptural

search-party

Alternative intersection, not contraction

ship-builder

significancy

The contraction is shown incorrectly on the line in the

1974 dictionary

solicitor-general

Using short form "general"

stag-party
 Alternative intersection, not contraction

stenographer

stenography

stepping-stone

"Stepping" on its own uses dot ing

stock-in-trade

Using short form "trade"

strongest

Alternative outline, not contraction - unlike "longest",

the dictionary shows a vowel in both versions

stumbling-block

subjectivism

subjectivity

superscribe/superscribed

Compare subscribe/d on Contractions Main page

superscription

Compare subscription on Contractions Main page

surreptitious

surreptitiously
suspicious*

suspiciously

unsuspicious

unsuspiciously

Top of page

tabernacle

testatrix

third-party

Alternative intersection, not contraction

thumb-mark

Alternative intersection, not contraction

tidemark

Alternative intersection, not contraction

tinsmith

In the full outline, note the Circle S is inside the Em,

as it belongs with that syllable.

town-council

townsman
 In the full outline, note the Circle S is inside the En,
as it belongs with that syllable.

trademark

Alternative intersection, not contraction

Using short form "trade"

transatlantic

transform/transformed

transformation

Compare "transfer" which omits the N:

transfer transferrer

transformer

transubstantiate/transubstantiation

The full outline also omits the N

transubstantiated

A Dee may be written to any contraction or short

form if felt necessary to increase clarity, but this
appears to be the only word where it is part of the
dictionary outline. Other contractions are perfectly
legible without it. Adding the Dee is not part of
normal theory (unlike Pitman 2000 which does use it
regularly).

tribunal
unconstitutional/unconstitutionally

under-secretary

Using short form "under"

unfortunate

Compare this with the optional contraction for

"phenomena" below. The only way to differentiate is
to write the Eff towards the end of the stroke En, to
show it was written second. "Unfortunate" is a much
more useful contraction, if you were going to choose
only one of these two to adopt.

unfortunately

phenomena

This is the same as the optional contraction for

"unfortunate" above. The only way to differentiate is
to write the En more towards the right of the Eff, to
show it was written second.
See also inconvenient (Contractions Main page)
which is similar

phenomenon

Union Jack

unionism

unionist

trades-unionism

Using short form "trade"

Compare:

trade-union trades-union

trade-unionism union

unrealizable
urgency*

utilitarianism

vegetarian

vegetarianism

vice-chairman

vice versa

watermark

Alternative intersection, not contraction

way-mark

Alternative intersection, not contraction

The full outline uses the R hook rather than Ray, in
order to achieve a better join with the Way.

worthwhile

youngest

Using short form

Top of page

Placenames:

Antarctic

Birmingham
 British version: omits the H sound
US version: use Dot Hay

Ensure you keep the two Ems, as in UK locals

sometimes refer to their city as "Brum", from
"Brummagem" the alternative name used in that
area.

Great Britain

Using short form "great"

Jodrell Bank

Alternative intersection, not contraction

(=Jodrell Bank Astrophysics Centre, UK)

Johannesburg

"Jo'burg" would be a full outline

San Francisco

The abbreviation " 'Cisco " would be just the last part
of the full outline

Liverpool

Middlesex

New York

New York City

Transylvania

United Kingdom
 Use only when the words are spoken in full

United States

Use only when the words are spoken in full

United States of America

Use only when the words are spoken in full

The full outline phrase omits "of"

Top of page

nnnnnnnn

"Whatever is true, whatever is noble, whatever is right, whatever is pure,

whatever is lovely, whatever is admirable – if anything is excellent or
praiseworthy – think about such things." (Philippians 4:8)

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