CEX-6805/23 Quantitative Ability — 5 Answers and Explanations Class Exercise 1fol[zfa][3][ala{c]slele z{alel}alo to] b a{ bo [r2z{a [is] a | 14] a | 15 16| a | 17| b | 18] b | 19] a | 20| » zi] c [22] a [23] a | 24] » | 25] a | 26] b | 27] b | 28] c | 29 sola Home Exercise afo{[2{c]s3]o]4 silcel[e[c|7|pb|slalo|c|mlec a1] b [12] a [13] a | 14 15| 4 | 16] b [a7] a | 18] gd [19] gd | ala i 3.d Richa travels 120 m in 25 s. ae So her speed is 4.8 mv. 1.b Let n= number of steps taken by Anuj per minute, We have, Sbeed of Pallavi [25 _ 5 . ‘Speed of Richa V16 4 Therefore his speed will be = km/hr. Again, let us assume :. Speed of Pallavi Sxa 8=6ms. x= Distance in meters he covers in each step. : Therefore distance covered by Anuj in meters per min Pallavi takes 16 s to reach Q from T. a So distance between T and Q is 16 x 6 . Distance covered by him per hour in km will be ~, Distance between P and Q is 120 + 96 = M60 4.6 LetX minutes be the time required for going to school 1000 from home. Usually the car leaves home by (6 p.m. —X) min and the children are back home by acento tn (5 p.m. + X) min, 1000, 5 ‘On Saturday, the children reached home 30 min 7 earlier, ie. by (6 p.m. + X ~ 30) min. = x= 12 meters. = The total time for which the car was in use 3 = (2X 30) min, Therefore, the car was used for (X ~ 15) min to go 2d 15mls= 54 kmph and another (X — 15) min to come back from school. pen lan It the children were walking for Y minutes, then The train will crash at the wall ater 7)? = hours = 4pm. +Y¥ + (X—15) =5 p.m. + (X~30) min fc = Y-15=5p.m.—4 p.m. ~30. The bird will cover a distance of Hence, ¥ = 60 30 + 15 = 45 min ox 120 = 1600 km during this time Alternative method: We see that the car reduces its travelling time by Since the bird started from the wall and came back to 30 min. So it reduces its one-way traveling time by the wall every time, it will cover equal distance flying ft ee ee a eon wel = 15 min. Thus, it would have met the children 1600 So, it will cover 2 = 800 km flying towards the wall. 15 min earlier, i.e. 4.45 p.m. Now this means that the children walked from 4 p.m, to 4.45 p.m., ie. 45 min, QA-5 Page 1‘Total distance travelled by A = 20 x 4 x 5 = 400 milo, So, B has to travel a distance of 180 miles in 3x 5 5 hr 180 Bis spood = = 12h Lot the total time taken be t hours, t t t Distance traveled =50%5 + 25% +125 %E 4 Hence, average speed of the car is approximately 33 krvhr. Due to stoppages, the bus covers 9 km less in 1 hr. 9 Time taken to cover 9 km 60 = 10min, 54 Hence, on average the bus stops for 10 min every hour. Two of the dog's leaps cover 4 m. Three of the fox’s leaps cover 3 m. Thus, each time the dog runs 4 m the distance between them gets reduced by 4m-3m=1m The initial distance between them is 40 m. Hence, the dog will catch up with the fox when it covers 4 x 40 = 160 m. We soo that the trains take 18 hr and 8 hr respectively to complete their journeys. Lot the distance between the stations be LCM(18, 8), Le. 72 ke, Speed of the first train = 4 kerhr. Speed of the second train = 9 km/hr, By the time the train from A starts, train from B already would have travelled 9 km in 1 hr. Now the distance between the train Relative speed of the trains = 9 + 4 They will take he after 11 p.m, 4 Le. approximat ely at 351 am, Total time taken by the police in catching the thiot t2he ravelied by the dog = 12 x 60 « 720% Total distance travelled by the dog in the direction of the thiet ; 60+5 ' = 720% £0 72001 eam (G+ 50) (60-5) 2 5.c¢ Let the distance covered by the train be ‘a’ kms. ad So, the distance covered by the bus = (200 ~ a)kms Let the speeds of the bus and the train be b and t kmph respectively. Total time taken = Cut b 9c also, T= 2°° 10 a) and T= ee +6 i) Equating () and (i), we have a1 (i . if iv) 10.0 1 co-0(! Dividing (iv) by (v), we have ia =a=125 kms. tb iat) a6 (200 alg ‘) . Required difference = 125 - 75 = 50 kms. 28)Sp_ 2x40x60 2x 4060 «48 mph. 6b Average speed = SHE = fy 12d 7.d Let the total distance be 1800 km (LCM of 40,50,90) 1 Time taken to cover first 3% distance at 40 kmph = 15 hrs Time taken to cover next i rd ofthe remaining distance at 50 kmph = 8 hrs Time taken to cover the rest of the distance at 99 kmph “(o} 9 3.0 _ Totaldistance ___1800__ Average speed= “ Totaltime ~ 15454 00 9 1800 «9 . 56.44 km 135 +72+80 es Pago 2 > 4 Career “© Launcher QA-514,4. Aruns 200 m whon B runs 190 m, B runs 250 m when C runs 240 m, 2a vino Brine 107m Cine 28°. 480- 1728 (Or A boats C by 27.2 m in a race of 200 m. Honce, A beats C by 13.6 m ina 100 m taco, Since itis a rolay race, all the runners ran the samo 15.6 distance. Hence, for a same distance, 1 ratio of times = ratio of speeds Hence, ratio of times taken by B & D = 18: 16 = 9:8. 16.a Distance to be covered by A = (500 ~ 170) = 330 m. In the time A covers 2 m, B covers 3 m. Sovntetme Aesvessom. Beaver (24350) 5m -. When A reaches the winning post, B covers 495 m and therefore remains 5 m behind. Hence, A wins by 5 m. 17.b Due to movement of the escalator, the speed has 5 become 5 of riginal speed, hencetime should become : 2 atm etal ne, herby seg 2 ot td 3 time. Therefore, & of original lime = 3 sec = Original time = 5 sec. So, in sec, Harish can cover 5 x 2 = 10 steps. ‘There are 10 steps in the escalator. Let the speed of the escalator be x steps/sec. It is given that Rajat covers 11 steps in 35sec. So in these 35 sec escalator will cover 35x steps. Therefore, the total number of steps on the escalator must be 11 + 35x. () Similarly, Sharad takes 21 sec and covers 39 steps. So in these 21sec escalator will cover 21x steps. Therefore, total steps on the escalator must be 39 + 21x. Solving (i) and (i) we get; 11 + 95x = 39 + 21x = x=2 Hence, total number of steps = 81 18.b In the same time as Samar takes 45 steps, Vivek takes, 15 steps. Therefore, for every 3 steps of Samar, Vivek takes 1 step. 1a HW Samar takes 1 min for avery 2 stops, then he takes: 1 4, in for avory stop 45, For 45 atop, he takos “= 15 min So, Vivok takas 1 minuta for every step. For 40 stops, ho takes 40 min Difference betwoen their timas = 25 min Difference botwoon the number of steps covered 245-4025 Le, the escalator covers 5 steps in 25 min 1 Which means, speed of the escalator is. steps/min, It the escalator is moving, Samar climbs 45 steps and 1 the escalator covers 15 x = 3 steps. Henee, total number of steps = 45 +3 = 48. Let the speed the escalator be x steps/sec. As both the escalator and Arpit are moving in the downward direction, the effective speed will (12 + x) steps/sec and time taken = 12 sec. Now with this speed Arpit covers 264 steps to reach to the bottom. Therefore, the speed ‘x’ of the escalator is (12+) x 12 = 264 = x= 10 Hence, speed of the escalator is 10 steps/sec. 21.6 Speed downstream = 12 + 3 = 15 kmph. ‘Speed upstream = 12-3 = 9 kmph. Let distance between P and Q be x km, then 159 = x= 180km. Let the speed of the river be v m/sec. ‘The normal speed of the boat = 4v m/sec. Let distance AB be dm Therefore, did 4v-v av Let the speed of the boat while going to A from B be Ky misec. Therefore, a 3 7 = 54 Ku ey 7273800 = 5400 22.4 =2x3600=7200 — -...{i) From (i) +(ii): Kv+v_ 7200 43 av ~ 5400& Required perventage change av-av “fy 100 » 25% (docromen) 23.4 And B will bo together ater every 900 £00. = B48 800 (15-10) 5 18 B and C will be togethor after every 200 — £00 = 1080 sec (18 ~15)x c 5 LOM (648 . 1080) = 3240 sec ‘Therefore A, B and C will be together for the first time ‘ater 3240 seconds, ie. 524 — 54 min 60 24.6 Let length of the track = L L = Required time = ——_+ _ Relative Speed 1a 28x16 _ 28x16 Ct 28-16 “42 16 28 25.a Time taken by B and C to cover the entire track will be 20 s and 30 s respectively. ‘They will meet first time after LCM (10, 20, 30), Le. 60 5 = They will meet second time after 120 s. 26.b Distance travelled by bus at the rate of 60 km/hr 00 — 30x 2-40 x 3= 120 km Time taken to cover 120 km at the speed of 60 kavhr = 2 hr Hence, total time taken = 2 +3+2=7 hr. 27.b Let the distance be x. Then, K =x 8 0 7 B07 Go 2 X= 208KM. 28. Distance = 100 m Let speed of the bike be x Net speed = (x — 3) km/hr 4 Time = Gp hr Distance ‘Speed 014 9 > x3" 60 daar = stance traveled a= speed t= time taken According to given condition a af Eat eet wa Va jtetes 10 minutes + t= 30 minutes. 5 Speed of rain = 108% 55 = 30m/sec. Distance covered in passing the platform = (90 + 120) Home Exercise Let trains’ speed be x and y m /sec. Total distance covered = Sum of the length of two trains = 120+ 180 = 900m. When they run in same direction, relative spee (x -y) Is given by: xoys a2 ti) When they run in opposite directions relative spee (+4) is given by = 300 xty= 5 60 fi) Solving (i) and (i), we get = x= 40 misec = 144 kmh. = y =20 misec = 72 km / hr. ‘Speed downstream = 7 +2 = 9 kmph. Speed upstream = 7-2 =5 kmph. Let the distance be x. Then, x x86 9°5 60 3 14x = 88% 45 60 = x=3km +ab 4a 7b > a Unsrenn peed » 28 = Tem to Downstrnam speed = Speed in stil water = 20 misec, Stating point 8 A 15 misec 14000-x| ) st meeting point Let x be the distance covered by A. Distance Speed 14000-x 20 Time = = 35x = 1400015 => x= 6000 m=6 km, ‘Speed downstream = 12 + 3 = 15 kmph. Speed upstream = 12 - 3 = 9 kmph. Let distance between P and Q be x km, then x x42 x 242-2 3% 59 > 5° = x= 180 km. 8 5 Ratio of the rates of Raj and Ravi= :1=5:3 So, in a race of § m, Raj gains 2m over Ravi. 2m are gained by Raj in a race of 5 m. 80 m are gained by Raj ina race of (520-200 2 <. Winning post must be 200 m away from the starting point. Length = 900 m 5 Ns speed = 27%, 5 =7.5m/sec. 10.6 eran « a § «tom Tin whan by As cong ora an 2 20 a6 78 Time taken by B to complete one roves ~ 22...90 s06 10 They will moot at starting point at LCM of (120, 90) = 960 see = 6 min, Length (L) = 1200 m. 5 Speed of X (x) = 18%;5 =5m/ sec. 5 Speed of ¥ (y) = 27x, =7-5m/sec. 5 Speed of Z (2) = 45x, =12.5m/sec. They will meet for first time on starting point in the Lk ang Lem of | + rand & 1200 _ oso sec, | y L | 1200 _ 96 se 27125 LOM of (240, 160 and 96) is 480 sec. _ ie. 8 minutes, Let x km be the distance of the school from the house. Eee Saar )eeigra bate 4° 60 2 3 Thus, ex=4km, Since the distance remains constant, we have D=sT li) 1 o=6+9{7-3] aao=(s-9(T*} ll) (Where D is the distance, S is the original speed ar Tis the original time.) Solving them we get S = 25 krvhr. il)SS tunnel bo **' and 11.b Lot th longth of tho train and the ‘tho ongino of tho “ax'm respectively. At 12.30 P. ox train was 2 m trom the entrance of tho tunnel: In cx one cog it mronton novan cor [5*} or Stmia Saeed aon = 1 So, the train will cover (12x + x) m = 13x m in 130 s. 1d <25km > 8 A 30 km/hr 25 km/hr Every hour the faster train gains (0-25) = 5 km, over the slower train. « Distance of 25 km is gained in 5 hr. 19.4 Speedo the train =36 x {= 10m/s [At this speed the train took 35 s to cross the platform, “. Distance travelled by the train = 85 x 10 = 350 m “> Length of the train = 350 ~ 20 = 100m. In the same time as A runs 200 m in the race, S runs 180 mand N runs 160 m. In other words, in the same time as S runs 180 m, N runs 160 m. So in the same time as S runs 100 m, N will run 14.2 160 100x—>> | = ( ian) 888m Hence, in a 100 m race, S will beat N by (100 ~ 88.89) 1.11 m. 15.4 Race 1: In whatever time Karan covers a distance of 100 m, ‘Arjun covers 90 m in the same time. <. Ratio of their speeds = 10 : 9 Race 2: Karan is 10 m behind the starting point. Once again to ‘cover 100 m from this new point, Karan will take the same time as before. In this time, Arjun willbe covering 90 meters only. This means that now both of them will be at the same point, which will be 10 meters away from the finish point. Since both of them are required 16. 17.4 18.4 to covor the same distance of 10. mand Karan has a gher spood, he will beat Arjun. No need for aleulations as option (4) is the only such option. Lot the two parsons moot after x seconds. Elective spood of Prashant = 4 +2 =6 stops/sec “=, Stops climbed down by him = 6x Evfoctivo spaod of Moana = 5 ~ 2 = 3 steps/sec “ Stops climbed up by her = 3x so number of ‘hs those two meet on a particular step, ‘stops in the escalator will be = 6x + 9x—1 (Here, 1 is subtracted as the common step where they meet is counted twice) In the given question, Hence, the number of steps in teh es 9x 10-1 =89. = 10 seconds. sscalator will be Let the speed of the escalator be x steps/sec. “The relative speed of Govind will be: (8 - x) steps/see [Govind runs in the opposite direction to that of escalator} The relative speed of Sajid will be: (4.25 + x) steps! sec [Sajid runs in the same direction to that of escalator] Now, the effective distance traveled by both of them will be equal 3 (B—x) x 18 = (4.25 +x) x 24 Solving the equation we get: Hence, speed of the escalator is 1 step/sec. Let Amit take 1 step in t minute and speed of escalator be x steps per minute. => 10 + 10xt = 30 - 30xt wt one} Number of steps in escalator = 10 + 10.5 =15, Lot Sanjeev and Vicky take t, and t, min for 1 step respectively. Total time taken by Sanjeev =8tz Similarly, 5 + Sxty = 15 => xt ‘Total time taken by Vicky =5t, ="? x Hence, the required ratio = 7 : 10. ee ee20+v 20-v 49.4. Hore, we have 30 =. where v is. 20.d Lot the speod in which Yuvraj can row his boat in still 20 800d of the water bo V kmph stream. = 40+2v=60-3v = ve4mis, = 8V2-23.8V-24=0 = 6V2— 28,8 45V- 24 =0 = BV (V-48) +5 (V4.8) =0 = (V4.8) (6V +5) =0 Hence, V = 4.8 kmph.