SWAMI VIVEKANANDA INSTITUTE OF

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

REPORT ON
DIGITAL MODULATION

NAME: NAZIR ISLAM DAFADAR

ROLL NO: 24130322057
SEMESTER: 5TH
PAPER NAME: DIGITAL COMMUNICATION AND
STOCHASTIC PROCESS
PAPER CODE: EC503
 INTRODUCTION

In a digital communication system, the source to be transmitted is discrete both in time andamplitude.

 Digital information carrying signals must be first converted to an analog waveform

prior to transmission.
 At the receiving end, analog signals are converted back to a digital format before
presentation to the end user.
 The conversion process at the transmitting end is known as modulation.
 The receiving end is known as demodulation or detection.
 DESCRIPTION OF THE TOPIC
 What is Digital Modulation?

The term DM stands for digital modulation, and it is a common term for the techniques of
modulation. This modulation uses discrete signals for modulating a carrier wave. Indifference,
both the amplitude modulation and frequency modulation techniques are analog. Digital
modulation removes communication noise as well as provides enhanced strength for the signal
intrusion. But, it is not rare to digital modulation schemes for introducing time delay because
of the required process. To avoid this, a comfort SST (Secure Stream Technology) audio is
designed.

 Types of Digital Modulation:

There are several kinds of digital modulation techniques are available based on the requirement
which includes the following.

 ASK or Amplitude shift Key

 FSK or Frequency shift key
 PSK or Phase shift key

ASK modulation-

Amplitude-shift keying (ASK) is a form of amplitude modulation that represents digital data
as variations in the amplitude of a carrier wave. In an ASK system, a symbol, representing one
or more bits, is sent by transmitting a fixed-amplitude carrier wave at a fixed frequency for a
specific time duration.
.

FSK Modulation-

FSK is a scheme of frequency modulation. The output of a FSK modulated wave is high in
frequency for a binary High input and is low in frequency for a binary Low input. The binary
1s and 0s are called Mark and Space frequencies.

PSK Modulation-

Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation process which conveys data by changing
(modulating) the phase of a constant frequency carrier wave. The modulation is accomplished
by varying the sine and cosine inputs at a precise time. It is widely used for wireless LANs,
RFID and Bluetooth communication.
  Difference between Analog and Digital Modulation:

The difference between Analog Modulation and Digital Modulation include the following-

Analog Modulation Digital Modulation

An AM signal can signify any value in a range. A DM signal can only signify with a set of
discrete values.
In analog modulation (AM), the input must be in the In digital modulation (DM), the input must be the
form of analog. data in the form of digital.

In AM, the value between the max & min is considered In DM, only two binary numbers are considered
to be applicable. applicable such as 1 and 0.

Most of the signals that we transmit in nature are But using digital modulation, you require
analog like voice signal, and it is much simpler to transmitting through an ADC converter before
complete analog modulation compare with digital transmission & a DAC at the end of the receiver
for recovering the unique signal. The extra
phases required to transmit DM (digital
modulation) enhances both the price and
difficulty of the transmitter as well as receiver.

The AM can generate a signal to carry the frequently The DM generates a signal whose rate changes at
changing data. particular time intervals.

In AM, it is not easy to disconnect the signal from In DM, the signal can simply disconnect from
noise. noise.

CONCLUSION
Digital Modulation provides more information capacity, high data security, quicker system
availability with great quality communication. Hence, digital modulation techniques have a
greater demand, for their capacity to convey larger amounts of data than analog modulation
techniques.

All given options are digital modulation schemes but the most appropriate option amongst them
is ON-OFF keying which is also known as ASK. Amplitude-shift keying (ASK) is a form of
amplitude modulation that represents digital data as variations in the amplitude of a carrier
wave.
 REFERENCES
For doing this report writing I took the help or referred from the following websites :

www.wikipedia.com

www.brittanica.com

www.topper.com

www.electronicsdesign.com

www.tutorialspoint.com