Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

Science 9
Quarter 4 – Module 6:
Heat, Work and Energy

MELC: Construct a model to demonstrate that heat can

do work.
(S9FE-IVe42)

Prepared by:

Liezl E. Valiente
Marcos National High School
Science- Grade 9
Share-A-Resource-Program
Quarter 2 – Module 6: Heat, Work and Energy
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Liezl E. Valiente
Editor: Erwin Jun Daguio Cathlene Batuyong
Victor Dahilig Sheralyn Suniga
Reviewers: Jay A. Lagatero
Illustrators:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Joann A. Corpuz EdD, CESO V
Joye D. Madalipay EdD
Santiago L. Baoec EdD
Jenetrix T. Tumaneng
Jerry G. Tabrilla EdD
Ursino C. Pascua

Division Design & Layout Artist: Jerry M. Burgos

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Schools Division of Ilocos Norte
Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: ilocos.norte@deped.gov.ph
 9
Science
Quarter 4 – Module 6:
Heat, Work and Energy
Introductory Message
This Contextualized Learning Module (CLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each
lesson with ease.
This CLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test is provided to measure your prior knowledge on the lesson. This will
show you if you need to proceed in completing this module or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the
end of this module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning.
Answer keys are provided for all activities and tests. We trust that you will be honest
in using them.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher is also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you in your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this CLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests.
Likewise, read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any question in using this CLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module focuses on heat and work. It aims to explain how heat can be
turned into work and how doing work releases heat. It discusses on the spontaneous
processes where heat flows from an object of higher temperature to an object of lower
temperature. Furthermore, how heat engines functions, specifically, car’s engine is
given emphasis. It tackles also how heat pump operates. Efficiency of heat engines
is discussed through some worded problems and its effects to the environment.
Thermal pollution is explained as a result of rise in temperature of bodies of water
that is detrimental to aquatic animals and is caused by the disposal of heated
industrial waste water. Being aware of the disadvantages of less efficient heat
engines, we could design ways and means to lessen its effects.

In your grade 7, it is learned that heat is related to temperature. Heat transfer

may change one’s temperature or one’s phase. This change in temperature, either a
decrease or an increase means that there is an energy transfer in the form of heat.
On the other hand, phase change means that there is a change in body’s internal
energy We will be focusing only on the adiabatic or no heat enters or leaves the
system.

The module is divided into two lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Heat, Work and Energy
 Lesson 2 – Heat Pump and the Principles of Refrigeration

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. demonstrate that heat can be converted into work;

2. infer that doing work can release heat;
3. distinguish processes as spontaneous or non-spontaneous process; and
4. describe how heat pumps (refrigerator and air conditioner) work.

What I Know
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Francis stretched a rubber band five times. After that, he observed that the
rubber band felt warmth. Did the rubber band gain heat?
A. No, it is not evident.
B. Yes, the rubber band felt warmth means it gained heat
C. Yes, the rubber band felt warmth means it loss heat.
D. No, temperature is not related to a gain or loss of heat.
1
2. Mang Fermin, a carpenter, is planing a piece of wood with his planar. After few
minutes, he observed that it is hot. Which of the following describes the situation?
A. Heat transfer is not evident.
B. Hotness means there is an increase in the temperature.
C. Hotness is not related to a change in temperature.
D. Hotness means there is a decrease in the temperature.

For nos.3-5.
Four identical beakers, I,II,III,IV are placed on a large electrical hotplate. I and
II are half-full and III and IV are full of tap water with the same initial temperature.
I and IV are placed on the hot plate for 2.5 minutes, III is left on for 5 minutes, and
II is left on 10 minutes. The water does not boil in any of the beakers.
I. Beaker I, half-filled with water on hot plate for 2.5 minutes
II. Beaker II, half-filled with water on hot plate for 10minutes
III. Beaker III, full of water on hot plate for 5 minutes
IV. Beaker IV, full of water on hot plate for 2.5 minutes

3. Which of the beakers of water will receive the most heat?

A. I B. II C.III D.IV

4. Which of the beakers of water will have the lowest temperature right after being
heated?
A. I B. II C.III D.IV

5. Which beakers of water will have almost the same final temperature after being
heated?
A. I and II B. I and III C. I and IV D. II and III

6. Is it possible to change the temperature of a glass of water by stirring the water,

though the glass is insulated from its surroundings?
A. No, stirring will not affect the temperature of the water.
B. No, insulation prevents the change of temperature of the water.
C. Yes, stirring the water increases its internal energy causing the increase
of its temperature.
D. Yes, stirring the water decreases its internal energy causing the decrease
of its temperature.

7. Heat flows normally from _____________________.

a) higher temperature to lower temperature.
b) higher temperature to warmer temperature.
c) lower temperature to higher temperature
d) lower temperature to cooler temperature.
8. How does water from the deep well move upward?
A. It occurs naturally. C. It uses spontaneous process.
B. It uses water heat pump. D. It uses a special heat engine.

2
9. What is the function of a heat engine?
A. It converts chemical energy to mechanical energy.
B. It converts mechanical energy to chemical energy.
C. It converts thermal energy to mechanical energy.
D. It converts thermal energy into chemical energy.

10. What causes thermal pollution?

A. exhaust of different vehicles. C. degradation of water.
B. exhaust from different industrial engines. D. all of the above

After doing this pre-assessment, you are now ready to do the succeeding activities
of this module.

Lesson
Heat, Work and Energy
1

What’s In

The concept of the conservation of energy states that: Energy cannot be

created nor destroyed. The first law of thermodynamics is actually based on this
concept. It states that: The change in internal energy of a system equals the
difference between the heat taken in by the system and the work done by the system.
Internal energy of a substance is the sum of molecular kinetic energy (due to the
random motion of the molecules), the molecular potential energy (due to forces that
act between the atoms of a molecule and between the molecules), and other kinds of
molecular energy. When heat flows in instances where the work done is negligible,
the internal energy of the hot substance decreases and the internal energy of the cold
substance increases. While heat may originate in the internal energy supply of a
substance, it is not correct to say that a substance contains heat. The substance has
internal energy, not heat. The word “heat” is used only when referring to the energy
actually in transit from hot to cold.

The law is expressed as;

ΔU = Q-W
Where: Q = the amount of heat flowing into a system during a given process
W = the net work done by the system
ΔU = the change in the system’s internal energy.
3
 This is derived from the conservation of energy given as how heat is related to
work.

Q= W + ΔU
Joule (J) is the SI unit for energy. The first law tells us that a system’s
internal energy can be changed by transferring energy by either work, heat or a
combination of the two.

Sample problem:

If 150 J of energy is added to a system when no external work was done, by

how much will the thermal energy of the system raised?

Given: Q= 150 J Find: U

W= 0

Solution:

U= Q- W
= 150 J- 0
= 150 J
Try this:

A 120 J of energy is added to a system that does 40 J of external work. How

much thermal energy of the system is raised?

Summary:

1. The increase in the internal energy of a system is equal to the amount of

heat added to a system minus the work done by the system.
2. Adiabatic process is a process without gain or loss of heat.
3. Internal/ thermal energy is the sum of all kinetic and potential energies of
the atoms/ molecules in the system.

What’s New

When you heat a pot of tap water on a hot burner of a stove. It is observed
that the water temperature increases. In this situation, heat flows from hot burner
to the cold water. When two objects at different temperatures are put in contact, heat
spontaneously flows from an object of high temperature to the object of low
4
temperature. The natural flow of heat is always in the direction tending to equalize
the temperature. If the two objects are kept in contact long enough for their
temperatures to become equal, the two bodies are said to be in thermal equilibrium,
and there is no further heat flow between them. Let us take for example, when you
have a fever. You will use clinical thermometer in your armpit in able to monitor your
temperature. Heat is flowing from your armpit to the thermometer; when the
temperature reading stops increasing, the thermometer is then in equilibrium with
your armpit, and they are at the same temperature.

Activity 1: The Heat is On!

Directions: The simulation/illustration (Downloaded from PHET
Interactive Simulations. University of Colorado) below shows the temperature of
water before boiling, while boiling, and after boiling. Study the illustration carefully
and answer the questions that follows.

Source: https://phet.colorado.edu/ Source: https://phet.colorado.edu/

Figure 1. Before Boiling Figure 2. While Boiling

Source: https://phet.colorado.edu/
Figure 3. After Boiling
Table 1. Temperature Comparison (Use descriptive word to compare the
temperature of each situation)
Temperature before boiling Temperature while boiling Temperature after boiling

5
 What is It

Process Questions:
a) Compare the temperature of water before it is boiled, while it is boiling,
and after it is boiled.
b) What does the increase in temperature indicate?

Definition of Spontaneous Process

Heat flows normally from higher temperature to lower temperature. It is a
natural or spontaneous process. It does not require any external energy to occur. A
spontaneous process is one that occurs on its own, without any energy input from
the outside. Once started, a spontaneous processes proceeds on its own, without the
continuous external help. No intervention is required because these processes are
thermodynamically favorable.

Examples of spontaneous processes are:

a) A ball will roll down an incline b.) Iron will rust.

6
 c.) ice melts into water d.) water flow downhill

Note that how quickly a process occurs has no bearing on whether or not it is
spontaneous: It may take a long time for rust to become obvious, yet it will develop
when iron is exposed to air. A radioactive isotope may decay instantly or after millions
or even billions of years; yet, it will decay.

Definition of Non-Spontaneous Process

When heat flows from lower temperature to higher temperature, it needs
mechanical energy. It is called non-spontaneous process. A non-spontaneous
processes does not take place on its own. It needs continuous external influence.
Once started, a non-spontaneous processes will stop when the continuous external
force is withdrawn. In so doing, work should be done.

Examples of Non-spontaneous are:

a) Flow of water up a hill b) Flow of heat from inside of

refrigerator to the room

c) Dissolution of sand in water d) Diffusion of gas from low pressure

to high pressure

7
 The reverse of a spontaneous process is a nonspontaneous process: Energy
must be added in order for one to occur. For example, rust doesn't convert back into
iron on its own, a daughter isotope won't return to its parent state.

A reversible process is defined as a process in which the system and

surroundings can be returned to the original conditions from the final state without
producing any changes in the thermodynamic properties of the universe, if the
process is reversed.

Activity 2: Where do I belong?

Directions: Study the given illustrations/pictures below. Put a check mark in the
table that corresponds to your answer.

A. Drying of garlic leaves B. Breakage of an egg

C. Rotting of Mangoes D. Cooling of water

8
E. Waterfall (Kaanrian Falls, Burgos, I.N.) F. Rice cooking

Spontaneous Non-spontaneous Needs work

Process to reverse the process
Process

Process Questions:
1. How can we reverse the process for each of the processes?
A) Drying of garlic leaves

9
 B) Fixing an eggshell to make it whole

C) Keeping the food fresh from spoilage

D) Heating of water

E) Flowing the water back to the top

2. What is needed to reverse the process?

Now that we have known that every non-spontaneous process needs work or
mechanical energy in able to make it happen, it is about time for us to find out how
heat pump functions.

Lesson Heat Pump and The Principles

2 of Refrigeration
A Heat pump is a device which pumps heat from, one or more low temperature
sources to one or more high temperature sinks simultaneously, with the help of an
external source of energy. Heat
pumps are designed to move thermal
energy opposite to the direction of
spontaneous heat flow by absorbing
heat from a cold space and releasing
it to a warmer one. Heat pumps are
very efficient for heating and cooling
systems and they can significantly
reduce the energy costs. "Heat" is not
conserved in this process because it
requires some amount of external
energy, such as electricity. Heat
pumps also work extremely
10
 efficiently, because they simply transfer heat, rather than burn fuel to create it and
also help in the reduction of greenhouse emission in various industry applications.
The most common examples of heat pumps are air conditioners and freezers.

All heat pumps use a refrigerant as a transitional fluid to absorb heat where
it vaporizes, in the evaporator, and then to release heat where the refrigerant
condenses, in the condenser. The refrigerant flows through the insulated pipes
between the evaporator and the condenser, allowing for efficient thermal energy
transfer.

The use of heat pumps can save a

lot of energy and money. While heat
pumps may have lower fuel costs than
conventional heating and cooling
systems, they are more expensive to buy
but it is also very important to realize that
heat pumps will be most economical when
used year round.

Activity 3: Know me!

Directions: Identify whether the following applies the principle of a heat pump by
putting a check (/) on the space provided. Otherwise put an (X) mark.

1. 1. 1.
11 11 11
1 1 1

11
 1. 1.
11 11
1 1

Now, let us take a look at the basic refrigeration cycle as shown in the figure below.

https://www.swtc.edu/Ag_Power/air_conditioning/lecture/basic_cycle.htm
Figure 4. Air conditioning cooling cycle
Principles of Refrigeration
 Liquids absorb heat when changed from liquid to gas.
 Gases give off heat when changed from gas to liquid.

For an air conditioning system to operate with economy, the refrigerant must be
used repeatedly. For this reason, all air conditioners used the same cycle of
compression, condensation, expansion and evaporation in a closed circuit. The same
refrigerant is used to move the heat from one area, to cool the area, and expel this
heat in another area.

 The refrigerant comes into the compressor as a low-pressure gas, it is

compressed and then moves out of the compressor as a high-pressure gas.
 The gas that flows to the condenser. Here the gas condenses to a liquid, and
gives off its heat to the outside air.
 The liquid then moves to the expansion valve under high pressure. This valve
restricts the flow of the fluid, and lowers its pressure as it leaves the expansion
valve.
 The low-pressure liquid then moves to the evaporator, where heat from the
inside air is absorbed and changes it from a liquid to gas.
 As a hot-low pressure gas, the refrigerant moves to the compressor where the
entire cycle is repeated.

12
 Note that the four-part cycle is divided at the center into high side and low side.
This refers to the pressures of the refrigerant in each side of the system.
Summary:

1. Heat flows normally from higher temperature to lower temperature which is

spontaneous process. It does not require any external energy to occur.
2. Non-spontaneous process happens when heat flows from lower temperature
to higher temperature. It needs mechanical energy to occur.
3. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that Heat will never of itself flow
from a cold temperature to a hot temperature object. Hence, heat pump is
used.
4. A heat pump is a device that reverses the direction of the heat flow: from a
cold reservoir to a warmer one. Refrigerator and air conditioning unit are
examples of heat pump.

Activity 4: The Reverse of It

Directions: Study the illustrations and parts of typical single stage vapor
compression refrigeration below and complete the data in the table. You may also
open the following link for more information and details on refrigeration cycle:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XscHn6GPWO0.

Figure 5. Typical Single Stage Vapor Compression Refrigeration

Mechanism Function
1. Compression

2. Condensation

13
 3. Expansion

4. Evaporation

Process Questions:

A. Refrigeration Cooling System

1. How does a refrigerator work?

2. Describe a compressor. How does it work? What gas is inside the compressor

which has low boiling point?

3. What happens to the hot gas produced by compression?

4. How does a condenser function?

5. What happens to the pressure and heat in the evaporator?

6. When does the cycle repeat?

What’s More
Activity 5: Comlete Me

Directions: Fill in the spaces with the correct words for each clue. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.

14
Across:
1. A process that takes place on its own Down:
without external influence. 2. it is where heat from the inside
3. Sum of all kinetic and potential air is absorbed and changes
energies of the atoms/ molecules from a liquid to gas.
in a system. 6. a process in which the
4. Restricts and lowers the flow of system and surroundings
the fluid in refrigeration cycle. can be returned to their
5. Working fluid used in original conditions.
refrigeration cycle. 7. the device that transfers heat
from a low temperature
8. SI unit for energy.
reservoir to a high temperature
9. A process without gain or loss of heat. reservoir.
10. A process that needs continuous
external influence to occur.

Activity 6. True or False

Direction: Modified True/False Test. Study each statement. Write True if it is

correct and if not, change the underline word/s to make it true.

1. Heat flows normally from higher temperature to lower temperature which is

non-spontaneous process. It does not require any external energy to occur.
2. Spontaneous process happens when heat flows from lower temperature to
higher temperature. It needs mechanical energy to occur.
15
 3. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that Heat will never of itself flow
from a cold temperature to a hot temperature object. Hence, heat pump is
used.
4. Thermal pollution is brought about by the accumulated exhaustion of heat
from diesel, gasoline and industrial engines.
5. A heat pump is a device that reverses the direction of the heat flow: from a
cold reservoir to a warmer one. Refrigerator and air conditioning unit are
examples of heat pump.

Great job! You are almost done with this module. Let’s summarize what you
have learned from the lesson and activities by doing the next activity.

What I have Learned

Activity 7: In your answer sheet, fill out the tables below using the
concepts/insights/learnings that you had while accomplishing this module.

Three facts I learned are:

Two questions I still have are:

One opinion I now have is:

What I Can Do

16
Activity 8. Heat the Eggs!
Direction: Read and analyze the situation below Perform the tasks that follow.

Your father started backyard breeding organic chicken at home. But he

noticed that the organic chicken hens are not capable of hatching the eggs. Design
and create an incubator that could hatch the eggs. Apply what you have learned in
the previous activity and stay as factual as you can. Use materials that can be easily
obtained from your home and in your community. You may also use recycled
materials. Happy project making!

If you need additional information on how to create an incubator, you may

want to refer to (youtube.com/watch?v=2kcEhRndhKk).

Rubric #1: Rubric for Project Making

Category 4 3 2 1

Knowledge The incubator The incubator The incubator The incubator

demonstrates demonstrates demonstrates demonstrates
(40%)
a thorough a good a some a few
knowledge of knowledge of knowledge of knowledge of
the subject the subject the subject the subject
investigated. investigated. investigated. investigated.

Appearance The project’s The project’s The project’s The project’s

of the Project appearance is appearance is appearance is appearance is
professional quite somewhat quite poor
(20%)
and polished professional poor with with many
without and polished some distractive
distractive with a few distractive elements.
elements. distractive elements.
elements.

Content The project The project The project The project

Facts content is content is content is fair content is
exemplary and good and and suggests poor and
(25%)
suggests the suggests the the student suggests the
student has student has has not student has
discovered the discovered discovered not done
important most of the most of the

17
 ideas of important important sufficient
his/her topic. facts of facts. research..
his/her topic.

Creativity Project is Good creative Some attempt Little attempt

excellently effort. Project was made to was made to
(15%)
presented is neat and add color and add color and
reflecting shows originality. originality.
creativity and evidence of Project is Project has
a lot of time spent on neat.. sloppy
thought. it. appearance.

Assessment

Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on
a separate sheet of paper.

1. What is commonly used as refrigerant for most of the refrigerators?

A. Liquid that is easy to solidify.
B. Liquid that is hard to solidify.
C. Gas that is easy to liquefy.
D. Gas that is hard to liquefy.

2. Which of the following devices/appliances reverses the direction of the heat flow:
from a cold reservoir to a warmer one?
A. Air Fryer B. Air Conditioner C. Radio D. Television

3. Given the following mechanisms, which best describes correct sequence of

the refrigeration cycle?
I. compression II. condensation III. Expansion IV. Evaporation

A. I, II, III, IV B. II, III, IV, I C. III, IV, I, II D.IV, III, I, II

4. How can air conditioning unit functions as heater during cold days and cooler
during hot days?
A. It cools the inside of the house and heats the outside.
B. It takes heat from the air outside to warm the inside.
A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. None of them
18
5. Heat flows normally from higher temperature to a lower temperature. How would
you classify this process?
A. Adiabatic C. Non-spontaneous
B. B. Isothermal D. Spontaneous

6. Every non-spontaneous process needs mechanical energy. To make it happen,

which of the following appliances found in a typical home would you suggest best
apply this process?
A. Air fryer B. Refrigerator C. Radio D. Television

7. Which of the following refers to how well a machine operates as to the ratio of
useful work done?
A. Thermal Induction C. Thermal Process
B. Thermal Efficiency D. Thermal Power

8. The internal energy of a system is initially 35 J. The system does 34 J of work.

What is the system’s final internal energy when a total of 46J of energy is added
to the system by heat?
A. 47J B.26 J C.37 J D.36J

9. Which of the following laws states that Heat will never of itself flow from a cold
temperature to a hot temperature object.
A. First Law of Thermodynamics C. Law of Entropy
B. Second Law of Thermodynamics D. Law of Enthalpy

10. Heat pump is a device that reverses the direction of the heat flow: from a cold
reservoir to a warmer one. How would you classify this process?
A. Adiabatic B. Isothermal C. Non-spontaneous D. Spontaneous

Additional Activities
If you have access to the internet, there are several videos that will help you
go through understanding the concept of Heat pumps and Refrigeration. Here are
some you can easily access:

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQi6r85P3wQ
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kcEhRndhKk
3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQi6r85P3wQ

19
 20
the outside of the refrigerator.
temperature, and pushes it into the coils of the condenser on
constricts the refrigerant vapor, raising its pressure and 1. Compression
Function Mechanism
Activity 4: The Reverse of It
Activity 3: Know Me
What’s More:
What’s More: Activity 2:
Spontaneo Non- Needs 1. How can we 2. What is needed to
us Process Spontaneo Work to reverse the process? reverse the process?
us Process Reverse A. drying of leaves to A. By using plant
the make them fresh press
Process again B. By putting them
B. fixing an egg shell together using
Drying of Breakage Drying of to make it whole scotch tape
garlic of egg leaves C. keeping the mango C. By using
leaves fresh from rotten refrigerator
D. heating of water D. By using stove
Rotten of Cooling of Rotten of E. flowing the water E. By using water
mangoes water mangoes back to the top pump or motor
Water falls Rice Water falls
(Kaangrian cooking
falls)
What’s New: Activity 1 What I Know:
Temperature Temperature Temperature 1. B
before boiling while boiling after boiling 2. B
Anwer may vary Anwer may vary Anwer may vary 3. B
4. D
Process Question: 5. B
1. The water’s temperature was lower before boiling 6. C
compared to when it is boiling and after boiling. 7. A
2. It means an increase in internal energy of the water. 8. B
9. C
10.D
Answer Key
 21
Activity 4: Refrigeration Cycle
References
Process Question:
1. Work has to be done by the compressor to “suck” the colder gas from inside the
refrigerator out, effectively forcing energy to flow from a chamber of lower
temperature to warmer room outside.
2. A compressor is a motor which compresses a gas known as Freon to a pressure
of several atmospheres.
3. The hot gas produced by the compressor turns through a condenser.
4. The condenser turned the cooled gas to near room temperature which then
condenses into liquid. This cold liquid which has high pressure flows through a
narrow tube connected to the evaporator.
5. The liquid evaporates due to its low pressure. At the same time, it absorbs heat
from the contents of the refrigerator.
6. The cycle repeats when the gas that absorbed the heat is produced and goes
back to the compressor.
What’s More: Activity 5: Crossword Puzzle
Across: Down:
1 Spontaneous 2. Evaporator
3.Thermal Energy 6. Reversible
4.Expansion valve 7. Heat pump
5. Refrigerant
8. Joules
9.Adiabatic
10. Non spontaneous
What I Have Learned: Activity 6: Output Varies
Activity 7: Modified True/False
1. Spontaneous 2. None-Spontaneous 3. True 4. True 5. True
What I Can do: Activity 8: Output varies
Assessment:
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D
6. B 7. B 8. A 9. B 10.D
coil, thus cooling the air.
liquid to a gas is taken from the air as it passes through the
the Latent heat required to boil off this refrigerant from a 4. Evaporation
evaporator
expansion or change of state from a liquid to a vapor in the
removes pressure from the liquid refrigerant to allow 3. Expansion
compressor, is brought into the condenser.
absorbed in the evaporator and the work energy from the
pressure gaseous refrigerant, which carries the heat energy
changing a vapor into a liquid by extracting heat. The high- 2. Condensation
References

Books
Corpuz, Nhil Atom, Leano, Shai Vincent, Mamaril, Chloe. Science for Millennials
Grade 9 K-12 Compliant-Fourth Quarter, Salinlahi Publishing House, Inc. pp.
150-156

Padua, Alicia L. and Crisostomo. 2003. Practical and Explorational Physics.Science

and Technology series.Vibal Publishing House, Inc.Quezon City.

Science 9 Learner’s Material. Department of Education. Republic of the Philippines.

Fourth Quarter Unit III, Heat, Work and Energy, FEB printing Corporation. pp.
221-228

Websites

Phet Interactive Simulations on Physics, Retrieved March 21,2021 from

https://phet.colorado.edu/

Principles of Air Conditioning cycle and Refrigeration. Retrieved March 21,

2021 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQi6r85P3wQ,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kcEhRndhKk,
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NQi6r85P3wQ

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