W. Lemanza and A.

Lesmana / Deep Soil Improvement Technique Using DMJG Method 2441

Table 1. DMJG treatment parameters adopted in NCH Station. 3.4 DMJG Treatment Results
Blade Diameter
1,600 mm The corings and laboratory tests results from the treated soil
(Mechanical Part)
Column Diameter 2,800 mm specimens had met all requirements of the soil improvement
Water Cement Ratio 100% criteria. The results showed drastic improvement of the original
For E Layer 600 kg/m3
soil properties. Table 2 presents the soil parameters comparison
Mechanical Mixing Part
Cement Dosage
For Other Layers 400 kg/m3
of before and after DMJG treatments.
Number of Blade Cuts 400 times/m
Table 2. Soil properties comparison of before and after treatment.
For F2 Layer 300 L/min
Slurry Discharge Rate Original Soil Properties
For Other Layers 300 L/min
Jet Grouting Part
For F2 Layer 8 min/m SOIL Average Average N-SPT
Withdrawal Speed Depth (m) E50 (kPa)
For Other Layers 7 min/m TYPE cu (kPa) (blows/300mm)
E • 10 15 +1.2 (z-10) 0~1 300Cu
M • 10 15 +1.2 (z-10) 0~1 300Cu
F1 • 10 N/A 3 ~ 17 1500N

DMJG Treated Soil Properties

SOIL Average Average N- SPT Average E50
Depth (m)
TYPE qu (MPa) (blows/300mm) (MPa)
E • 10 2.8 > 100 390
M • 10 3.8 > 100 548
F1 • 10 3.3 > 100 523
Figure 3. Typical DMJG column arrangement.
As shown in Figure 5 and 6, the laboratory tests of DMJG core
3.3 Quality Control samples show both mechanical part and jet grouting part share similar
statistical trends in terms of strength represented by the Unconfined
During the treatment process, the soil improvement quality was Compressive Strength (qu) and stiffness (E50). The mean of qu and E50
ensured through the utilization of computerized quality control for mechanical part are 3.89 MPa and 565 MPa, whereas for jet
system to monitor and record improvement depth, penetration grouting part are 3.56 MPa and 544 MPa respectively.
and withdrawal rate, and slurry discharge rate at every meter of
depth.
For the final product, i.e. treated soil uniformity and 60
properties, an extensive coring and laboratory test regime were Mechanical Part Jet Grout Part

carried out for the mechanical part as well as the jet grouting 50
Frequency (%)

49
part. Figure 4 illustrates the coring locations for both
mechanical and jet grouting parts. 40

32
30

20

12
10 9 9 9 810
6 7
6 7
5 6
4
3 4 4
2 2 2 2 1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
qu (MPa)

Figure 5. Statistical distribution of qu of all DMJG core samples.

60
Mechanical Part Jet Grout Part

Figure 4. Coring locations of mechanical and jet grouting parts. 50

Frequency (%)

The quality of coring was examined in accordance to 40

Singapore Land Transport Authority (LTA) material and

workmanship (M&W) specification, which requires Total Core 30
`

Recovery (TCR) to be minimum 85%. In addition, core samples 19

21

were sent to laboratory for Unconfined Compression Test. The 20

13 20
16

acceptance criteria were based on the design requirements that 16 17 9

specified stiffness (E50) of 90 MPa and Unconfined 10
3
6
10 10 4 4
9 2
Compressive Strength (qu) of 900 kPa at 28 days. 5 6 5
1 1
0
In total, the corings were carried out at 107 locations with 36 0 200 400 600 800 1000
1 1
1200
1
1400 1600
cores for the mechanical part and 71 cores for the jet grouting E50 (MPa)
part. In addition, 87 boreholes of Standard Penetration Test
(SPT) were also carried to provide in-situ strength check of the Figure 6. Statistical distribution of E50 (stiffness) of all DMJG core
treated soil mass complying to LTA M&W Specification. samples.