CASE ANALYSIS OF REAL GASES

Introduction

Chemical reactions are a fundamental part of natural and artificial systems, including living

organisms and industrial processes. Understanding the principles of chemical reactions and the

behavior of reactive systems is crucial for designing and optimizing chemical processes.

A chemical reaction is a process that results in the transformation of one or more substances, leading to

the formation of different products. The starting materials, or reactants, undergo a series of chemical

changes to form the end products. The rate of a chemical reaction, or how quickly it proceeds, is

influenced by various factors such as temperature, pressure, concentration, and the presence of a

catalyst.

Reactive systems are complex systems that involve chemical reactions and interactions

between different components. These systems can range from simple homogeneous reactions in

solution to complex heterogeneous reactions that involve multiple phases and chemical species.

Reactive systems can exhibit diverse behaviors, including oscillations, pattern formation, and chaos.

The study of chemical reactions and reactive systems is a multidisciplinary field that encompasses

various branches of science and engineering, including chemistry, physics, mathematics, and chemical

engineering. Understanding chemical reactions and reactive systems has widespread applications in

various fields, such as materials science, energy production, environmental science, and

pharmaceuticals.

Real gases are gases that deviate from the ideal gas law, which assumes that gases consist of

point-like particles with no volume and no intermolecular interactions. Conversely, real gases have

finite volumes and experience intermolecular forces that affect their behavior, particularly at high

pressures and low temperatures. The behavior of real gases is described by various equations of state,

such as the van der Waals equation and the Redlich-Kwong equation, which account for the non-ideal

behavior of gases. These equations incorporate correction factors that consider the volume and

intermolecular forces of real gases. Real gases can deviate from ideal behavior, as reflected in their

non-zero compressibility factor.

 The study of real gases is essential in several fields, including chemical engineering,

thermodynamics, and materials science. Real gas behavior is particularly relevant in the design and

operation of industrial processes that involve gases, such as natural gas processing, liquefaction of

gases, and gas storage. Understanding the behavior of real gases is also critical in the exploration and

production of natural gas and oil, as well as in the study of planetary atmospheres.

Objectives

The goals of studying real gases are to comprehend the non-ideal behavior of gases: Real

gases deviate from the ideal gas law, and understanding these deviations is essential in predicting gas

behavior under various conditions. To develop accurate equations of state for real gases: Since ideal

gas equations of state are not applicable to real gases, accurate equations of state for real gases are

necessary to predict their behavior and design processes that involve them. To investigate the impact

of intermolecular forces on gas behavior: Real gases experience intermolecular forces that affect their

behavior, and understanding the nature and strength of these forces is vital in predicting the behavior

of real gases. To examine gas phase behavior at low temperatures and high pressures: Real gases

display non-ideal behavior under such conditions, and understanding this behavior is critical in the

liquefaction and storage of gases. To apply knowledge of real gas behavior in industrial processes:

Understanding real gas behavior is crucial in designing and optimizing industrial processes that use

gases, such as natural gas processing, gas liquefaction, and gas storage.

Overall, studying real gases is crucial in comprehending gas behavior under different

conditions and developing accurate models for their behavior. The knowledge gained from studying

real gases has practical applications in various fields, including chemical engineering, materials

science, and energy production.

Result

Real gases display non-ideal behavior due to their finite volumes and intermolecular forces,

which have a significant impact on their behavior at high pressures and low temperatures. Equations of

state, such as the van der Waals equation and the Redlich-Kwong equation, take into account the

volume and intermolecular forces of real gases and describe their non-ideal behavior.

The study of real gases has resulted in the identification of various phenomena, such as the critical

point, which is the point at which a gas can no longer be liquefied by increasing pressure at a constant
temperature. Real gases also exhibit deviations from ideal behavior, such as a non-zero compressibility

factor, which indicates the deviation from ideal gas behavior.

The comprehension of real gas behavior has practical applications in many fields, including chemical

engineering, materials science, and energy production. For example, understanding the behavior of real

gases is crucial in the design and optimization of gas processing and storage systems, such as natural

gas processing and liquefaction, as well as in the exploration and production of natural gas and oil.

Conclusion

In conclusion real gases exhibit non-ideal behavior that deviates from the ideal gas law, which

assumes gases are point-like particles with no volume or intermolecular forces. Real gases have finite

volumes and intermolecular forces that influence their behavior, particularly at high pressures and low

temperatures. Equations of state, such as the van der Waals equation and the Redlich-Kwong equation,

describe the non-ideal behavior of real gases.

The study of real gases has revealed various phenomena, including the critical point, which has

practical applications in fields such as chemical engineering, materials science, and energy production.

Understanding real gas behavior is crucial in designing and optimizing gas processing and storage

systems, as well as in the exploration and production of natural gas and oil.

Overall, the study of real gases has facilitated the development of accurate models for predicting gas

behavior under different conditions, which has practical applications in various fields.