CHAPTER I

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Social media refers to applications that allow users to interact with each other

through the creation and exchange of media, text, and calls within a network. Some

examples of social media platforms include Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and

TikTok. In addition, the negative impact that excessive social media use can have on

the mental health of young people.

Social media has become an indispensable aspect of young people’s digital

interactions, as they use it mostly for entertainment and communication purposes.

Consequently, it has the potential to have both positive and negative effects on them.

Deterioration in mental health is one of the side effects stemming from social media

overuse.

Social media causes increased use and problems due to their attractions.

Hence, it can affect mental health, especially in students. This study aim of

determining the relationship between the use of social media and the mental health

of students. While social media can sometimes be a self-esteem booster, it can also

cause you to experience feelings of inadequacy about your life and your appearance.

Even if you know that the images you see online are manipulated or represent

someone else’s highlight reel, they can still cause feelings of insecurity, envy, and

dissatisfaction.

Being socially connected to others can ease stress, anxiety, and depression,

boost self-worth, provide comfort and joy, prevent loneliness, and even add years to

your life. On the flip side, lacking strong social connections can pose a serious risk to

your mental and emotional health. In today’s world, many of us rely on social media

platform. While each has its benefits, it’s important to remember that social media

can never be a replacement for real world human connection. It requires in person
contact with others to trigger the hormones that alleviate stress and make you feel

happier, healthier, and more positive. Ironically for a technology that’s designed to

bring people closer together, spending too much time engaging with social media can

actually make you feel more lonely and isolated and exacerbate mental health

problems such as anxiety and depression.

On the other hand, some studies have also highlighted the positive aspects of

social media usage. It can provide a sense of connection, support, and opportunities

for self-expression. Social media platforms can serve as a platform for sharing

experiences, finding communities, and raising awareness about mental health

issues.

To gain a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between social

media usage and mental health, researchers have been investigating various factors

such as the amount of time spent on social media, types of content consumed, social

support, age, gender, personality traits, and individual vulnerabilities.

Overall, the background of this study is driven by the need to uncover the

nuanced relationship between social media usage and mental health, recognizing

both the potential risks and benefits it may have on individuals’ well-being.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

General Problem

This study aimed to determine the effects of using social media in the mental health

of grade 11 students at San Francisco High School Saint Ruiz Street Poblacion East,

Lamut Ifugao.

Specific Problem
To determine the relationship between the social media and mental health issues of

grade 11 students of San Francisco High School. Specifically, the aimed to

determine the following:

1. Who are the respondents:

1.1 Grade and Level?

1.2 Sex?

1.3 Age?

2. What is the relationship between Social Media Usage on the Mental Health of

Grade 11 students of San Francisco High School?

3. What is the effect of Social Media to their Academic Performances?

OBJECTIVES

General Objectives

To understand the relationship of social media usage to the mental health of the

students and the factors that contribute to the negative effect of mental

Health.

Specific Objective

I. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship of social media usage

and its effect to the mental health of the Grade 11 students of San

Francisco High School.

II. To determine the effect of social media usage to the various aspects of

mental well-being, such as anxiety, depression, self-esteem and

loneliness of the Grade 11 students of San Francisco High School.

HYPOTHESIS

There is a significant correlation between Social Media Usage and Mental

Health of Grade 11 students of San Francisco High School.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This research study will identify the relationship between Social Media

Usage and Mental Health of Grade 11 students of San Francisco High School with

the focus on students Health and wellness promotion and illness prevention.

This study will mainly identify and asses in regards on how does grade 11

students of San Francisco High School uses social media and how does it affects

their mental health and Well-being.

The research instrument used is a survey questioners. The respondents are

students from the Senior High School Grade 11 of San Francisco High School only.

This study is taken for the First Semester for the Academic Year 2023- 2024.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The result of this study will benefit the following:

Students. This study will help the students to limit their time spending on Social

Media and to take more care of their Health since this will provide information about
the Effects of using social media to their mental health. This student would be able to

manage their times. They would become more responsible.

Teachers. They could help each other in implementing plans in helping the students

to focus and concentrate to their studies thus, they can treat this problem objectively.

Parents and Guardians. Parents and Guardians should encourage their children to

share their problem, it is also to know how their children behave at school. Likewise,

this would give them the opportunity to help, guide their children in leading with

problem that may affect performances specially with regards to their academics.

Future Researchers. The conduct studies will further open doors for future

researchers to refine and expand the relationship between Social Media usage and

Mental Health. This may serve as a source of information to the future researchers.
 CHAPTER II

Review of Related Research Topic

It is easier now to track what friends, frenemies, and foes are doing and to monitor

raises and falls in status on a near-constant basis. There is more social pressure to

disclose personal information. These technologies are said to takeover people’s

lives, creating time and social pressures that put people at risk for the negative

physical and psychological health effects that can result from stress. Stress might

come from maintaining a large network of Facebook friends, feeling jealous of their

well-documented and well-appointed lives, the demands of replying to text

messages, the addictive allure of photos of fantastic crafts on Pinterest, having to

keep up with status updates on Twitter, and the “fear of missing out” on activities in

the lives of friends and family. ( Keith et al., 2015, p.2).

According to the cognitive explanation theory, social networking addiction is due to

faulty cognition, and people tend to use social networks to escape from internal and

external problems. In general, addiction to social networking is classified as a form of

cyber-relationship addiction. Social networking addiction refers to mental concern

over the use of social networks and the allocation of time to these networks in such

way that, it affects other social activities of individuals such as occupational and

professional activities, interpersonal relationships and health leading to disruption of

their life . Social networking has a negative impact on physical and psychological

health and causes behavioral disorders, depression, anxiety and mania. In this

regard, results of a study on German students (2017) showed a positive relationship

between addiction to facebook, with narcissism character, depression, anxiety and

stress. It is

believed that addiction to social networking is higher in people with anxiety, stress,

depression and low self-esteem. (Seyed et al., 2019, p.24).

Mental health is defined as a state of well-being in which people understand their

abilities, solve everyday life problems, work well, and make a significant contribution

to the lives of their communities. There is debated presently going on regarding the

benefits and negative impacts of social media on mental health. Social networking is

a crucial element in protecting our mental health. According to the theory, people

who spend more time in sedentary behaviors such as Social media use have less

time for face-to-face social interaction, both of which have been proven to be

protective against mental disorders. On the other hand, social theories found how

Social media use affects mental health by influencing how people view, maintain, and

interact with their social network. A number of studies have been conducted on the

impacts of social media, and it has been indicated that the prolonged use of social

media platforms such as facebook may be related to negative signs and symptoms of

depression, anxiety, and stress. furthermore, social media can create a lot of

pressure to create the stereotype that others want to see and also being as popular

as others. (Fazida et al., 2020, p.8).

There is no denying that social media has now become an important part of many

people’s lives. Social media has many positive and enjoyable benefits, but it can also

lead to mental health problems. Previous research found that age did not have an

effect but gender did; females were much more likely to experience mental health

than males. A number of studies have been conducted on the impacts of social

media, and it has been indicated that the prolonged use of social media platforms

such as Facebook may be related to negative signs and symptoms of depression,

anxiety, and stress. Furthermore, social media can create a lot of pressure to create

the stereotype that others want to see and also being as popular as others. (Azeezat

et al., 2020, p.6).

Jacquelyn and Zia (2021) Stated that Many people in today’s world live with their

smartphones as virtual companions. These devices use electronic social media

networks that alert users to updates on friends, favorite celebrities, and global

events. Social media has become firmly integrated into a lot of people’s daily lives.

According to the Pew Research Center, 72% of people in the United States now use

social media. At its core, social media is a powerful communication tool that has

changed how individuals interact with one another. It speeds up how people

exchange and share information, thoughts, and ideas across virtual networks.

Researchers recognize youth and students as a vulnerable group compared to adults

because their increased use of social media is occurring during a time of identity

formation, where they are free to explore various life possibilities and develop new

values. Furthermore, their use occurs when critical brain circuits involved in emotion

regulation and motivation are continuing to undergo development. As social media

plays a large role in their day-to-day lives, Patterns and frequency of use have the
potential to become problematic. On this level, youth are more at risk for facing

cyberbullying, finding it difficult to disengage from the media and allowing it to

interfere with their social relationships; this in turn puts them at risk for experiencing

negative emotional and psychosocial outcomes. Therefore, younger individuals are a

vulnerable group of social media users, and it is important to better understand the

outcomes for well-being that are associated with this type of problematic social media

use. Yet, the magnitude of impact social media has on adolescents and emerging

adults, especially When considering problematic use, remains unclear.(Holly et al.,

2022, p.2).

According to the current study, people with low household income were more likely to

use social media, most likely because low-income people seek free information and

services due to a lack of access to facilities and equipment in the real world or

because they seek assimilation with people around them. Inconsistent with our

findings, Hruska et al. reported that people with high household income levels made

much use of social media, probably because of cultural, economic, and social

differences or different information measurement tools. This is because they spend

more time on social media due to the need for more emotional attention, the search

for a life partner, or a feeling of loneliness. This also led to the problematic use of

social media. According to the results, Fars people used social media more than

other ethnic groups, but this difference was insignificant. This finding was consistent

with Perrin’s study, but the population consisted of people aged 18 to 65. In the

current study, there was a significant relationship between gender and mental health,

so that women had lower mental health than men. The difference was in health

sociology. Consistent with the present study, Ghasemi et al. indicated that it

appeared necessary to pay more attention to women’s health and create an

opportunity for them to use health services. (Abouzar et al., 2023, p.73).
The use of social networks is strongly correlated with the development of anxiety and

other Psychological problems such as depression, insomnia, stress, decreased

subjective happiness, and a sense of mental deprivation. The majority of the cited

literature predicts that the likelihood of social media-induced mental health problems

is directly proportional to the amount of time spent on these sites, the frequency of

usage, and the number of platforms being used. Various possible explanations have

been implicated, including a negative impact on self-esteem through unhealthy

comparisons, social media burnout, stress, lack of emotional regulation due to social

media preoccupation, and development of social anxiety due to decreased real-life

social Interactions. (Ujala et al., 2023 , p.39).

Many studies have reported a significant association between social media use and

depressive symptoms (Primack et al., 2017; Twenge et al., 2018). For instance, a

large-scale study by Twenge et al. (2018) found that adolescents who spent more

time on social media were more likely to report depressive symptoms than those who

spent less time on these platforms.Anxiety, similar to depression, there is evidence to

suggest that increased social media use is associated with higher levels of anxiety

(Vannucci et al., 2017; Woods & Scott, 2016). A study by Vannucci et al. (2017)

found that young adults who reported high levels of social media use also reported

higher levels of anxiety symptoms. Self-Esteem, some studies have found a negative

relationship between social media use and self-esteem (Fardouly et al., 2015; Vogel

et al., 2014). Fardouly et al. (2015) found that participants who spent more time on

social media reported lower self-esteem and higher levels of appearance

comparison. Sleep Quality, Research has also suggested that social media use can

negatively impact sleep quality (Levenson et al., 2017; Scott et al., 2017). Levenson
et al. (2017) found that Individuals who reported higher levels of social media use

had poorer sleep quality and Increased sleep disturbances. (Tyler, 2023).

Hasan (2023) Explains that one of the primary features of social media is chatting. As

a social network, chats are a powerful method of communication among social media

users. They may take the form of group or private chats. According to, young people

with psychological issues tend to worsen their conditions by participating in social

media chatrooms. Private chats are not exempted, as ref. found that constant

chatting with other people without feeling their physical presence is one reason for

the increase in mental health issues among social media users. The outcome is more

loneliness, a common factor in psychological deterioration. While chatting may not

directly cause depression and other mental health problems, it can exacerbate an

individual’s symptoms if one engages in long chats. The studies further caution that

young people must be careful when chatting with their peers on social media. (p.14).
Relationship between Social Media Usage and Mental Health

of

Grade 11 students of San Francisco High School

Group 1

Members :

AGLIBUT, VOYZER REY

BU-UCAN, MARJORIE

DICAMHOL, AISEANE IVANNE

GUTIEREZ, DIMPLE JOY

MANAOL, ADAMM DOMINIQ

PUMIHIC, RALPH HARLEE

SABALA, IAN KURT