Professional Documents
Culture Documents
U R B A N D E S I G N
P.GOPALAKRISHNAN
URBAN RENEWAL
Origin - America
Year - 1930’s
Initially referred to slum clearance and housing but has gradually evolved into a
multidimensional concept.
DEFINITION
• Urban renewal is the process by which a large area of a town, slowly renews
itself and thereby gradually changes its character to fit in with the needs of
contemporary society
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URBAN RENEWAL
The main reason is the removal of blight and urban decay from the city centers
3. traffic problems
4. outworn buildings
5. the area in themselves lack interest, color and any pleasant feeling,
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HISTORY OF URBAN RENEWAL
1930 – 1970 - Robert Moses in the redevelopment of New York City and New
York State
1934 – American housing Act of 1934 -housing for poor residents of urban
areas – SLUM CLEARANCE
1937 – American Housing Act of 1937, - U.S. Housing Agency and the nation's
first public housing program -- the Low Rent Public Housing Program.
1950 – Pittsburgh became the first major city to undertake a modern urban-
renewal program
1964 – By the end of 1964, there were 229 urban renewal projects in
execution
Recently sites of Urban renewal have been especially former port and
industrial areas.
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TYPES OF URBAN RENEWAL
There are three main types of urban renewal projects since world war II,
2. Slum Clearance : Purchase of buildings and land, the removal of the uses
and inhabitants of that land, the demolition and clearance of the land, and
the building of the site
1. Waterfront redevelopment
2. Center city (downtown ) renewal
3. Brown field redevelopment (Abandoned industrial areas and rail yards)etc
USA UK
• PITTSBURG • BRISTOL
• NEWARK • PLYMOUTH
• BOSTON • PORTSMOUTH
• PHILADELPHIA • COVENTRY
etc etc
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URBAN RENEWAL PROJECTS:
NEW HAVEN (1954 -1968)
Old city streets, built for pedestrians and trolleys, could not support new volume
of traffic
Before renewal
Oak and Broad Streets
After renewal
Route 34 Connector
Demolished Oak Street
neighborhood
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URBAN RENEWAL PROJECTS:
PITTSBURGH (1950 -1970)
Formerly a working-class
neighborhood
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URBAN RENEWAL IN INDIA
Major metropolises are attempting to tackle the problem of blight and decline
through renewal initiatives in india.
The significance in the Indian context is different as most of our towns and cities
have grown haphazardly over the years.
Urbanization process in India is increasing at a faster ,This in turn, has led to the
decline of older towns and cities.
Urban renewal in India had its origin in early 20th century in a different name,
it was undertaken under the City Improvement Trust
• improving the visual appearance of old areas and creation of better living
environment
1. CHARACTER
4. EASE OF MOVEMENT
5. LEGIBILITY
6. ADAPTABILITY
7. DIVERSITY
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1. CHARACTER
• Distinctive landscapes
• Natural features
• Building materials
Clarity of form
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3. QUALITY OF THE PUBLIC REALM
A place with public spaces and routes that are lively and pleasant to use
4. EASE OF MOVEMENT
• Easy accessibility
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5. LEGIBILITY
Ease of understanding
6. ADAPTABILITY
Ease of change
• Flexible uses
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7. DIVERSITY
Ease of choice
• Biodiversity
URBAN CONSERVATION :
It embraces all acts that prolong the life of our cultural and natural heritage,
It is the process through which the material, historical, and design integrity of
immovable objects are prolonged through carefully planned interventions.
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URBAN RENEWAL COMPONENTS
URBAN CONSERVATION :
ORIGIN:
•Viollet-Le-Duc (1817 – 1879) was a pioneer who undertook most of the early restoration of
historic monuments in France.
•Opposition to the French concept of restoration and unity of style began in England.
URBAN CONSERVATION :
ORIGIN:
• In 1848, John Ruskin (1818 – 1900) criticized against restoration as ‘the most
total destruction which a building can suffer
• William Morris (1834 – 1896), the founder of the Society for the Protection of
Ancient Buildings, He suggested the concept of ‘conservative repair’
CHESTER - ENGLAND
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Major principles laid down on an international basis guarding Conservation are: -
1. The conservation of historic towns and other historic urban areas should be
an integral part of coherent policies of economic and social development and
of urban and regional planning
• The relationship between the town or urban area and its surrounding setting,
both natural and man-made
• The various functions that the town or urban area has acquired over time.
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MAJOR PRINCIPLES IN THE CONSERVATION OF HISTORIC TOWNS:-
3. The participation and the involvement of the residents are essential for the
success of the conservation programme
5. New functions and activities should be compatible with the character of the
historic town or urban area.
7. Traffic inside a historic town or urban area must be controlled and parking areas
must be planned so that they do not damage the historic fabric or its
environment.
8. Specialised training should be provided for all those professions concerned with
conservation.
ORGANISATIONS:
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URBAN CONSERVATION IN INDIA :-
ORGANISATIONS:
World Monuments Fund, a New York based Foundation, is involved with conservation projects in
in Jaisalmer, Rajasthan.
PROJECTS
HYDREABAD :
The regeneration project for the historic walled city of Hyderabad is based on improving
• sanitation,
• regulating billboard displays
• diverting overhead cables into underground conduits,
• zoning parking and creating landscaped areas.
• New street furniture is made of granite, drawing on local resources and craftsmen's skill
PROJECTS IN INDIA
Jaisalmer Streetscape Revitalization Project
Heritage Architect :-INTACH (Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage)
• Jaisalmer Streetscape Revitalization Project was designed to restore and revitalize two
landmark residential streets Dhunda Para and Kotri Para, within the historic fort of Jaisalmer
• Project aim was to restore the streetscape’s original appearance, the project managers removed
modern, incompatible additions and materials and replaced them with original materials
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