Walter Burley Griffin

• Walter Burley Griffin (1876 - 1937) was an American architect and

landscape architect.

• Influenced by the Chicago-based Prairie School, Griffin developed a

unique modern style in partnership with his wife, Marion Mahoney
Griffin. In 28 years they have designed more than 350 buildings,

• Natural focus towards the integration of cities with natural focus. It has
been used for local natural development, and its unique nature has
influenced cities.
 Canberra

• Griffin gained prominence when he won the international design

competition for the new capital of Australia in 1912. His entry
showcased a unique approach incorporating landscape, geometric patterns
and an emphasis on the relationship between buildings and nature.
Their surroundings.

• The Griffins' design for Canberra featured a central lake, a system of

radial and concentric roads, and a series of geometrically designed
neighborhoods
• Garden City Concept The design of Canberra drew inspiration from the
Garden City movement, which aimed to create livable, self-contained
communities with a balance of urban and natural elements.

• Function and Efficiency Canberra's planning was intended to create a

functional and efficient city. The design took into account the needs of
government administration, and the planning also includes
residential areas.

• Symbolism and national identity Canberra has been portrayed as

Australia's identity
 Lúcio Costa

• Lúcio Costa (1902-1998) was a renowned Brazilian architect and urban

planner. He is best known for his significant contributions to the design
of the modernist capital city of Brasília, which became the capital of
Brazil in 1960.

• Costa was born on February 27, 1902, in Toulon, France, to Brazilian

parents. He studied architecture at the Escola Nacional de Belas Artes
(National School of Fine Arts) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. During his early
career, he worked as an architect and an urban planner.
 Plano Piloto

• The sketch, hence the city, was drafted by Lúcio Costa who won the competition for the building of
the new capital of Brasil

• Within four years the city was built. The project started by cutting down trees and plants in the
defined location located in the approximate center of the vast country.

• A huge number of workers and tons of steel and concrete were flown in. The city was built at maximum
speed according to the detailed plan. In April 1960, Brasília was inaugurated, from then on
superseding Rio de Janeiro as the capital of the country.
 • The shape of Brasília resembles a bird that spreads wings. The whole
city is subdivided into sectors, each of them having its function for the life in
this city.

• Along the monumental axis are the seat of government, the parliament,
all offices of various ministries and embassies as well as the church, the
theatre, the stadium, the concert hall and further public buildings.
 • beginning of the northern and southern wings are reserved for hotels, the
two wingtips provide each a sector with hospitals, in between residential
areas.

• These residential areas are divided into so called superquadras, consisting of

residential blocks and courtyards.

• The planting in the courtyard complies with its planning by the landscape
architect Roberto Burle Marx.
 Jan Gehl

• Jan Gehl is a Danish architect, urban designer, and urban planning

consultant born on1936 in Copenhagen, Denmark.

• Gill's works and ideas have had a major impact on urban planning and
design, shaping cities around the world to prioritize the needs and well-
being of pedestrians and cyclists.

• A strong advocate for creating urban environments that foster social

interaction, public life and sustainability.
 Melbourne
• Public spaces in Melbourne city center are typically designed as a
prominent public gathering place, transforming many streets and walkways
to prioritize pedestrians and enhance the urban experience.
New York City
• Public spaces in New York City, such as the redesigned
Times Square and pedestrian transformation. Their
interventions aim to improve the quality of public spaces,
enhance safety, and create more attractive environments
for pedestrians.
 Copenhagen
• Pedestrianizing Copenhagen Gill played a major role in transforming
Copenhagen into a pedestrian-friendly city. His work focused on creating
pedestrian zones and widening sidewalks, which contributed to the city's
reputation as a leading example of livable urban design.
Moscow
• Improving public spaces and the pedestrian experience in
downtown Moscow focuses on creating a more walkable,
people-oriented environment, incorporating elements
such as widened sidewalks, improved street furniture,
and enhanced public plazas.
 Points of improvement in city planning

• Gill Emphasizes Designing Cities At The Human

• Scalehow People Use And Interact With Urban Spaces

• Enhancing Sidewalks, Creating Dedicated Bike Lanes, And

Reducing The Dominance Of Cars

• Create Attractive And Accessible Public Spaces, Such As Parks