Science 10

1. Which of the following describes the build-up and release of stress during an earthquake?
A. the Modified Mercalli Scale C. the principle of superposition
B. the elastic rebound theory D. the travel time difference
2. The amount of ground displacement in a earthquake is called the _________ .
A. Epicenter B. dip C. slip D. focus
3. The point where movement occurred which triggered the earthquake is the _______ .
A. Dip B. epicenter C. focus D. strike
4. Which of the following sequences correctly lists the different arrivals from first to last?
A. P waves ... S waves .... Surface waves C. P waves ... Surface waves ... S waves
B. Surface waves ... P waves .... S waves D. S waves ... P waves .... Surface waves
5. How do rock particles move during the passage of a P wave through the rock?
A. back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
B. back and forth perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
C. in a rolling circular motion
D. the particles do not move
6. How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
7. Earthquakes can occur with _________ faulting.
A. convergent B. divergent C. transform D. all of these
8. Which type of faulting would be least likely to occur along the mid-Atlantic ridge?
A. convergent B. divergent C. transform D. all of these could occur
9. With increasing travel time the difference in arrival times between the P and the S waves _________
A. Increases B. decreases C. stays constant D. none of these
10. In general, the most destructive earthquake waves are the __________ .
A. P waves B. S waves C. Surface waves D. Q waves
11. Where is the focus with respect to the epicenter:
A. directly below the epicentre C. in the P wave shadow zone
B. directly above the epicentre D. in the S wave shadow zone

*FOR NUMBERS 12 – 15, REFER TO THE ILLUSTRATION BELOW

12. Point A, where slip initiated during the earthquake, is called the ________.
A. Dip B. epicentre C. focus D. scarp
13. Point B is called the earthquake ________.
A. Dip B. epicentre C. focus D. scarp
14. Point C is called the _________
A. Epicentre B. fault scarp C. seismic wave D. dip of the earthquake
15. What type of faulting is illustrated in this diagram?
A. convergent B. divergent C. transform D. all of these

*FOR NUMBERS 16-20, REFER TO THE FOLLOWING ILLUSTRATION.

16. What causes the up-and-down wiggles on the seismogram show above?
A. Variations in air pressure C. tsunami waves
B. ground vibrations D. electromagnetic pulses
17. Which set of waves are probably the surface waves?
A. A B. B C. C D. they are all surface waves
18. Which set of waves are the P waves?
A. A B. B C. C D. they are all P waves
19. Which set of waves are the S waves?
A. A B. B C. C D. they are all S waves
20. The difference in arrival times between which pair of waves can be used to determine the distance to the
epicenter?
A. A and C B. A and B C. none of these
21. How do rock particles move during the passage of a P wave through the rock?
A. back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
B. perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
C. in a rolling elliptical motion
D. in a rolling circular motion
22. How do rock particles move during the passage of a S wave through the rock?
A. back and forth parallel to the direction of wave travel
B. perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
C. in a rolling elliptical motion
D. in a rolling circular motion
23. Which of the following can be triggered by an earthquake?
A. intense ground shaking B. tsunami C. a landslide D. all of these
24. Which of the following can trigger a tsunami?
A. Undersea earthquakes C. the eruption of an oceanic volcano
B. undersea landslides D. all of these
25. Which of the following waves is the slowest?
A. P waves B. S waves C. Surface waves D. tsunami
26 Which of the following statements is false?
A. Most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries
B. The time and location of most major earthquakes can be predicted several days in advance
C. Earthquakes can be caused by normal, reverse and strike-slip faulting
D. P waves travel faster than both S waves and Surface waves
27. Which of the following observations may indicate a forthcoming destructive earthquake?
A. An increase in the frequency of smaller earthquakes in the region
B. rapid tilting of the ground
C. rapid changes in water levels in wells
D. all of these
28. Who developed the procedure used to measure the size of an earthquake?
A. Charles Richter B. Edward Sheridan C. James Hutton D. Art Smith
29. Shallow earthquakes, less than 20 km deep, are associated with _______.
A. Convergent plate boundaries C. transform plate boundaries
B. Divergent plate boundaries D. all of these
30. Which of the following statements is false?
A. Most earthquakes occur at plate boundaries
B. The time and location of most major earthquakes can be predicted several days in advance
C. Earthquakes can be caused by normal, reverse and strike-slip faulting
D. P waves travel faster than both S waves and Surface waves