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Bwom? Keswanand tnstitute My Technolgy , Management 4 Gamothan Nem: UW Anasma. RTU Roll No:~ 2oEsKEc4 Subfect wisn Code:- Yih Optics Communication, 6EC > | Branch:- ECE Estey :- @ Seo. B Subset teaator say, Khan Rath? Maram Totat No. 4 Poges :- Shosignmend ne QL) What 1 the A ee @ Anoinect band gop Led? Divact_Baml_Geap 1) Dirt Band Gap bb a ama. gap who The A> veoten Ls similar et ae hkgrust dtatas Am The valence bone as the Lowest Atotes Le ane zondaction banol- 1) Moe syptetamt ti) Leben, Hilo tre valumee Jomo tv the IB att on bandl Will Aboings the potential. iv) Aom alae imi a phaton vy) Amertphous Mulcon And AOme, Ll- Vv madtertots b InAs ¢ GaAs Bo (2) Dipl LASER gol. t1vusholdl fim. Fon Lay 40 Ann de dw Los umougn to ovwreoms Ahe > there must be 0K. thon Low, oma the polnt a ple, Srothuct amet Gap _ 1) drolipuet bavel gape a a bandgap whe Ae mardmun o% the valimee tt) Los ofictent itt) 4ecton sob the valine bond. 40 the ten bamd wile Ahang. Ats potinttal And momentum iv) Comet wna phen v) altime silicon 4 Gu anuullas Mme Il-V anatenfals Auth a4 ANS ie The ee aouulty toss enabling tlie a fold goulon Ahevnald LASER a ® §3) How dvatanohe Photodiode wores 2 ans A Bualernohn Protea 24 a. one Mind o aernleonducton due Apu fo wigile Im Te KUL breakdown segion. ‘Thue cliooles ase Used as rt se vals uonlen Axo wsigl Lonel The Aystum’s io quanal eteotrtcad cystims Yom he wg a i digo U Aame as poncmia Aum APD wsoa postitur rmuthanivm +0 gute a rmosisable Alynal a pao. Tnts ts possible by Ym cba 2onditions on tru lieds thal owes a Lasege eutumt code puoin tre atserpiton Of A ae Dtigrmntiare betuum LED ana LASER: LED LASER Light Emi rg Died) | (Ligne Smnptigication by Stimulated ~. {e m | uy om ca wsancedh () 4 Amieondueter tute whion (eget anplton ing poooduees Mab 3 usryn an lee. £uovont fen ncaa Arocouad Vr is Aoliud LED | Bedhead antare amission | seantianton 4s kobe L ne ww Jue LED & baal 0 ontee | di) Tne wont of LASER ts baxd pinche 4 Wbselantnanes snd } on Se pte hy of, Atlomulat wc Liston - ci) LED Bc sioane a! \editrend 4 |G) LASER ts @ monochxomatte | auweae (At generates Ui (wie Is & mon- conount soe ef | (hy) LASER Ls cohsant ¢ highly digs se gare © mana | Abuationag. 95) “Whar axe optical suuitelus ? Ans. fa fs bldge , whieh Connects te fo Wchation ano controls aia paets don yt bs 40 eliediical data kyon jounsdng 1 ‘onedng Ut into x LS pal ps, Aa. | Qe) trplainn thu concypre oy population Anweaton poreases 2 | aw. Th ehlue Aptical crmpuigication Dh mew 70 uate a Mon squitibilum -listslsution oy Atoms Avon Mat me population a AM Appr dmigy Level As ater tram map a tut Louw brurgy keel (Le M>n). The coneti¢ion, whtch ds Anown a peputation Irwcaton As AMusnoted in Peleus ; engl \ exp CE/Kr) £, HAH — Denilty ey Atom (n) Qt) Hew Wom 4s diguunt prom DiwoM 7 Bins) WDM Atonds for’ wewelongen Aintslon a ae ak Aor “Demsetecweehingt Alivtalem omubti plore? 2) dn WDM Te mumbo a4 ea ccs agate Ayre 4 ypart seudngt dn Dum utlllgal lowly spaces 3) tn WDM Ahanmel 2uduer 40 L-6m 64, Ls while tm DOD Aramnel spacing 1s small 200 GHz ane Amall. 4) dn The WPM aruba, Ul ACamal -osedues at tin aame time futead ‘hae tego Anson tim. Mote ushile rr DWDM multiple align The dame fiber slg 3) 4n DWDM ee ae 40 WDM 98) Gen: Zee pina, ER. fue: apleal Medio hrs). By wing § > (Ni) the BER Ja given by * BER exge (SyNoly) Bit Exocox Rate ® %) G10) Whua, Np 70. % photons Me ietoney (quantum) Bit max Rate (BER) o a eblgtial optical oceluer. Imdleates the isenblliy Of mn Amtoruet dit Adnttycoation . BL town Rate (BFR) is tru. xatio 4 bids Keedal 2n 201K 10 tte fora Auumubes of bls seule. Sl typical gas Lawe As amitting a apuctsal Mme Auntnal at 632. Bram , lehese goin Awe has a -uldin % 3:003* 10-3 mm. Hy comlty awk % 200m, Caleulate numbuc isuolimal modus oes te nepuaretione tno bustole tne gas rmudium tobe L. We kad, m= 2nb = 2xix2xio% Caan a 632-8x10-7 A = 632-8nm M4 Also, a Int. (aA) L= 2oem= 2x%10~2™ hay-utatn - 3.003 x10-3nm 4= 2nl (ad) aa ee eee — 2XVx1x102 DX= 1-001 x10 am Ie Atpawation AA q specttal Lina ls 413 of hal, wbattn 4, gain Awur , 40 70 - oF Lomagituolinat moolts= 3 ee © Shmmad moze Aorrdord owetion (er) = 100K = 100x104 sa mat BER Ixio* “[g-4 + Rotator Ansty is 4! win by = . = Ov, = 6x SIOOxIG4 - 6x 10x10" (Pred.p im * a Se L VT D 5 6xXloxiot4 =18973¢0w 3-16 22456602 a hs) > 40 log (O-ensa43)> 2.28659 am PART-B QI) DH GaAs [As ILD hos a cau angi Yy 0-5omm,, an fing, loss Aetyiclont oeay A Tree ct afl ce of od 4 uncoated facet sop eerianltion oy 0°36. a) (fe ee in tnauubold gaim caypiclont whim ds Imvtrand e Aupctivdly Sg the | pipe na ems Ae (8) Ung Ay PUT ans A ea ttl] Thus , with Ri= Ry = 0-35, me silt 5 "ita" (etacon)] Pod with Ry =0°35 A R= 1-0 (Gin), = Aa lttt stem (aebz)] &) wasting 4, = C8 = My 3-18 Ny = 0-42 | $2) | Difpuumtiate betuutn Apordarcous Aol Atimulatedl embston drs. 3 Emtusion | ghtimullaitedl tmbsion 1) hy tnarstiton ayy am skyeteon 1) Ailmulatt ‘tion sae Zs the prow whut protons are fim. Ame Lata tate A0 the * Around A10He Aappons Ms Le HSU Af The moatunal Av ues xhows wlinout Ane attton of ay andinal agent. The Haaleatton As A" wens of Auch DHowitlers Is abit as Aportamuous Hanltotion 2) This prumomumnon % in Leps , F Luaxent : 3) dru Ls to population Aruvaion Oy aliments We LED A) NO retinal Atimnull regard 4rhfol_yote 5) oS Vw | oo phe ofr Auniiplon 2) Ths ds the kay proeus of forrnatoon a idl beam. 3) Paputaston Inusoision ix achbevial waa. ay ni fre LAS radlastob ‘by Anirnuddate A) Ht Ls Aosvudl Ay enternal atimel. 5. 2 abt hs Final and 2 ’ EF, ——_ 1 MV a {\por oS nan E,. Atireaulgeel emipsion eee ee $18) whar Js duper Hato uote? Draw ze Lgl vmitting ow DH LED? A Alouble Audermeiuoture , sometimes called clousle hetowjunction , M formed Wuhun tuo Avi conductor mayollals cou grown inte a “Aamoluicn”. Oru nnatodal (such as Alans) fs wet for He dutor Ayer (oe Alnalting ) one amainan ey Amature avec gpp (Ato a Oars) A Asal fox teu Armes Asien amel imumunt 2an be achtuud by the we A Aumbimation 4° mutta. retxoyuretion fepenax dn a obs As ail 4 helo druetua GH). acplain fn pede y EDFA ample Sm-« Era (cosine Dap lave Pmptfiearton) se tx Cecio ape sl as Lon apical amplyteatin muoliam Ard sttuctty erbaneid i grat Nowadays, EDFA Js L Uaeak 40 Aermpensace jor fisex loss Vor long ~ haul. apttoal convmumiatton Mak cenonoctudstie ts thar Lt Aan empligy matipl 4 : A Agmals Almnulta Av Lasily combi wlthe boom i Be As wel dnl cand and | road, in yrone 1530 40 1565 m - ED tis camer andl Ahoctes thai a 125m The banke AtHuctune ay em EDFA Aonsists Op a Lung of Otblum Alyped sour (EDF), A pump las amd vIDM combiner The wom pombinur J Avrnls ne Manal 4 pamp veauelunagh 29 thud thy Aan pp ol sbrmultaruawly Areca dhe EDFA. ublum Dopeol eptioat Fibur ipa, () een tej 1guem offieat plump 960mm The arian lgmal , 15500m shgral seen der ie, oa + qn 15500m Aynal 4s comblrit with a 181m jump (awe wre WDM sit Tha. atynad. 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