M AY PA J O H I G H S C H O O L

A Survey Study on Cyberbullying among

Grade 9 and 10 Students of

Maypajo High School

A Research Paper
Sumitted to the Faculty
of Senior High School
English Department
Maypajo High School

In Partial Fulfilment
for the Requirements in
Practical Research 2

By:

Angelo Morris Acar

John Patric Antonio
John Felman Boter
Arianne Shane Dumalagan
Aldwin Echaure
Christian Escarcha
Revin Cabigting Fabre
Jhudeil Carlos Martinez
Willygi Samaniego
Brix Tiquil

JANUARY 2023
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CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Today’s youth are the most technologically connected generation. In

the article by Digital Marketing Philippines (November 2021), from the 40

million active social media users, 65% of them are teenagers and young

adults, and 81% of them access their accounts daily (Gregorio, 2013).

Social-network about 78% of teens have cell- phones, of which half are

smartphones (pewinternet. org). With this explosion of electronic

communications, cyberbullying has emerged as a new form of inter sonal

aggression delivered electronically through online networks, text

messages, emails, and photo and video sharing.

Cyberspace as an avenue for receiving or delivering acts of

aggression is not well understood. The extant literature, almost exclusively

cross-sectional surveys, indicates that cyberbullying is frequently delivered

via social-media websites and cell phones, has a high percentage of “bully-

victims,” and is correlated with “offline” bullying (Wikipedia, 2016). A lot of

cyberbullying occurs when children lose sight of the consequences, Some do

not think sending messages which they see as "just messing" or "joking" is

bullying, do not understand how it can hurt someone. One of the common

reasons for cyberbullying is an attitude among bullies that they not caught.
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Internet anonymity empowers bullies and leaves them feeling like they

cannot be traced. Cyberbullying tends to be more extreme, often, young

people will say things online that they would say in person. To make this

worse, cyberbullying also allows the message to be more far- reaching. In

just a few clicks, an post can be shared all over a website for a whole school

to see (website.ie 2014). In 2019, the number of cyberbullying incidents in

the Philippines was highest for those in R4A, amounting to approximately

92.4 thousand victims. Cyberbullying or cyber libel also occurred more in

the CARAGA Region and the National Capital Region.

Thus, this study targets to determine the significance and purpose of

studying cyberbullying and have a better understanding to help the

students to identify the one being bullied or doing the bullying.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to conduct a survey on cyberbullying among Grade 9

and 10 students of Maypajo High School during School Year 2022-2023.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the questions:

1) How many times do students experience cyberbullying?

2) What particular age/s do students experience cyberbullying?

3) Among social media platform, which is mostly used in cyberbullying?

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Hypothesis

Studying Cyberbullying on our present time can help the Grade

9 and 1o students of Maypajo High School to have a better

understanding and to determine and prevent this kind of harassment.

Significance of the Study

This study will be beneficial to the following:

Students. They will be aware of the number victims of cyberbullying and

address it.

Teachers. They will provide ideas and information to their students to

avoid the cyberbullying which will affect their academic performance.

Parents. They will get some ideas on how to guide their children avoid

spending too much on the social media.

School Guidance. They would be guided to create policies and activities

that would address the problem of cyberbullying.

Scope and Delimitation

This study focuses on the number of students among Grade 9 and 10

of Maypajo High School who experience cyberbullying during the School

Year 2022-2023. It does not include other grade levels and possible solution

on cyberbullying.
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CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Cyberbullying or cyberharassment is a form of bullying or harassment

using electronic means. Cyberbullying and cyberharassment are also known

as online bullying. It has become increasingly common, especially among

teenagers,as the digital sphere has expanded and technology has advanced.

(Wikipedia,2017).

Cyberbullies Lack Empathy. In fact, several studies have found that a

large number of students who engaged in online bullying reported not

feeling anything for the victims after bullying online. Instead, many kids

reported that online bullying made them feel funny, popular, and powerful.

(VeryWellFamily, 2020). Cyberbullies Are Out for Revenge. When kids have

been bullied, they often seek revenge instead of coping with the situation in

healthier ways. The motivation for these victims of bullying is to retaliate

for the pain they have experienced.1 When this happens, these kids are

often referred to as bully-victims. Bully-victims feel justified in their actions

because they, too, have been harassed and tormented. These bully-victims

want others to feel what they have felt and feel justified in doing so. By

cyberbullying others, they also may feel a sense of relief and vindication for

what they experienced. These kids will sometimes even go after their bully

directly. Other times, they will target someone whom they perceive to be

weaker or more vulnerable than them.

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Cyberbullies Are Bored. Kids who are bored and looking for

entertainment will sometimes resort to cyberbullying to add some

excitement and drama to their lives. They also might choose to cyberbully

because they lack attention and supervision from parents. As a result, the

Internet becomes their only source of entertainment and an outlet for

getting attention.

Digital media and apps allow children to communicate and express

their creativity, connect with peers, and share their feelings. However, they

can be an avenue through which cyberbullying occurs. There are many

types of apps and sites available for free that give users the ability to

search for people and share or post information about them anonymously.

(stopbullying .gov Sep 14, 2021)

The word cyberbullying did not even exist a decade ago, yet the problem

has become a pervasive one today. Cyberbullies do not have to be strong or

fast; they just need access to a cell phone or computer and a desire to

terrorize. Anyone can be a cyberbully, and such persons usually have few

worries about having face-to-face confrontation with their victims. In fact,

the anonymity of cyberbullying may cause students who normally would not

bully in the tradition-sense to become a cyberbully (Poland, 2010).

Cyberbullying is an intentional action of harassment along the

complex domain of social media utilizing information technology online. This

research experimented unsupervised associative approach on text mining

technique to automatically find cyberbullying words, patterns and extract

association rules from a collection of tweets based on the domain / frequent

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words. Furthermore, this research identifies the relationship between

cyberbullying keywords with other cyberbullying words, thus generating

knowledge discovery of different cyberbullying word patterns from

unstructured tweets. The study revealed that the type of dominant frequent

cyberbullying words are intelligence, personality, and insulting words that

describe the behavior, appearance of the female victims and sex related

words that humiliate female victims. The results of the study suggest that

we can utilize unsupervised associative approached in text mining to extract

important information from unstructured text. Further, applying association

rules can be helpful in recognizing the relationship and meaning between

keywords with other words, therefore generating knowledge discovery of

different datasets from unstructured text ( cyberbullying . org)

School bullying is not new, but it has been a long and constant

problem. Bullying issues are often reported in the mass media and have

garnered attention not only in Malaysia but also abroad. Today, bullying can

no longer considered as a trivial social problem that can be taken lightly.

Failure to address this issue will have bad consequences for students in

particular. Various ways have been introduced to tackle this issue and one

of them is through the enforcement of law. This study will focus on the

bullying within the legal framework in Malaysia, especially in the context of

its definition. Studies showed that while in Malaysia, there are alarming

statistics about bullying, but little attention has been paid to the absence of

any specific law dealing with bullying in Malaysia. To date, no statutory

definition of bullying has been provided. This paper thus provides an

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overview of Malaysia’s legal framework of bullying compared with the

Philippines law on bullying. Despite a number of definitions of bullying

provided by the scholars, the paper concludes that to date, there are no

specific law on bullying and its statutory definition in Malaysia. Such

absence may not fully safeguard the interests of bullying victims

comprehensively. The findings would give more clarity to the theoretical

framework of bullying in Malaysia thus showing the commitment of the

government towards preventing the rampancy of this issue through legal

enforcement. (Defining Bullying among Students from Criminal Law

Perspective: Comparison between Malaysia and the Philippines).

(cyberbullying . org).

Mobile gamification has been explored to understand the possibility of

its application to promote engagement and motivation for learning among

students. However, it cannot be disputed that the growing market for

mobile games has drawn several ethical setbacks. Two of the setbacks

arising from mobile gaming are addiction and cyberbullying. Mobile Game

Addiction and Cyberbullying are ethical concerns that should be addressed

respectively as it hampers regular individual activities particularly of

students in an academic institution. In the Philippines, very few or no

studies have been conducted to determine the prevalence of ethical

concerns in mobile gaming specifically on Mobile Game Addiction and

Cyberbullying. It is the role of the present study to determine the

prevalence of Cyberbullying and Addiction in the context of Mobile Gaming

among students of one University in the Philippines through the

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Quantitative Approach. Existing Surveys were used to determine the

possible prevalence of Cyberbullying and Addiction. Additionally, a

discussion on consequentialism about the ethical dilemma in mobile gaming

is addressed through Qualitative approach. From the Game Addiction Test,

the over-all mean suggested that thirty-six (36) out of the eighty-eight (88)

respondents are at risk for Mobile Game addiction, whereas, six (6) can be

classified as mobile game addicts. The test also revealed that the

respondents play mobile games for Mood Modification (the need to shift

from a bad mood to a good mood). For Cyberbullying, it is not conclusive

that majority of the respondents have experience or have initiated

cyberbullying in mobile games. Nevertheless, a few of the respondents have

become a victim or have initiated cyberbullying. Ethical discussion on

Consequentialism and recommendations are discussed in the latter part of

the paper.

Last 2013, the Philippines approved the Anti-Bullying law, which

covered cyberbullying. However, a 2015 study revealed that 80% of Filipino

teenagers aged 13 to 16 are still experiencing cyberbullying (Takumi,

2016). This paper attempted to compare existing laws on cyberbullying

among selected ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) countries

such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

It also aims to identify each country’s anti-cyberbullying measures that

might fit other ASEAN countries’ needs. To achieve its purposes, it used a

qualitative research with the following primary methods: discourse analysis

of cyberbullying laws and alternative strategies addressing said concern;

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and literature review of online journals, online publications, and online news

articles. The study revealed that the Philippines is the only ASEAN country

with a cyberbullying law that addresses the students, while other countries

have alternative strategies in addressing the issue. Further, it found that

cyberbullying is experienced by individuals aged 6 to 30 through Facebook

and Twitter. The study suggests that the government should require schools

to develop specific and consistent policies that would address this concern;

and a curriculum that promotes digital responsibility. Finally, parents are

encouraged to educate their children on ethical values, particularly in the

digital world.

Twitter is widely used to explore on the opinions of the public in

variety of topics. It has constantly gained popularity as good source of

information for visualization-centered application. This paper aims to

understand the opinions of senior high school students’ on cyberbullying in

a university in the Philippines. This study uses a tweet visualization tool to

present the opinions of students. The results of the study indicate that most

of the students feel pleasant on cyberbullying as the university

administration officers continuously drives information awareness campaign

that decreases fear and unpleasant emotion among the senior high school

students. Therefore, cyberbullying among senior high school students

remain an important concern for educators and students. This study

suggests practical and research recommendations.

With the advent of technology, cyberbullying is becoming more

prevalent with the use of electronic devices such as computers and mobile
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phones. This study will assess the impact of cyberbullying and its different

subtypes (phone call, text message, social network and e-mail bullying)

among different year levels in a selected secondary school in the

Philippines. Out of the 395 respondents, 334 experienced cyber bullying

alone of which majority are females (64.07%). For all types of

cyberbullying, first year level has the most number of victims and fourth

year having the least. Overall, social networking has the most number of

victims while phone call has the least. Phone calls are considered least

harmful by 4th year and is more harmful for 1st year. All year levels

consider social networking to be the most harmful for all subtypes of

cyberbullying. Text message and email bullying are considered more

harmful by 1st year and least harmful by 3rd year. Analyzing the impact of

each subtype of cyberbullying per year level, social network and email

bullying were statistically significant. Phone call and text message bullying

were not statistically significant.

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Theoretical Framework

This study was anchored in Routine Activity Theory which explains the

relationship between Cyberbullying. The theory states that victims are given

choices on whether to be victims mainly by not placing themselves in

situation where a crime can be committed against them, This study will

determine the frequency of occurances the age ranges at which

cyberbullying occurs,and the social media sites involved.

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Definition of Terms

Survey. It refers to the instrument that the researchers will be use

the idea to measure or to state the condition of students in Maypajo

High School who experienced cyberbullying.

Cyberbullying- It is refers to the embarrassment or humiliation that

experienced of the students in Maypajo High School via social media

platform.

CHAPTER 3
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RESEARCH DESIGN and METHODOLOGY

Method and Technique

The study used of descriptive method that consistently described a

population, situation or phenomenon. It make use of evaluate methods

design to use a wide variety of research methods to determine one or more

variables beyond learning students point of view in cyberbullying by using

survey, questions and answer session and observation as a techniques in

this research.

POPULATION and SAMPLE of the STUDY

The researchers will use the probability sampling method

specifically the stratified random sampling. Grade 9 level is composed

of 482 students divided into (10) sections, while Grade 10 level is

composed of 472 students divided into (10) sections. With the total of

954 students, 687 samples will be drawn.

Instrument of the Study

The researcher made questionnaire is consisted of broad range of

questions. A survey study on cyberbullying among Grade 9 and 10 students

of Maypajo High School. It was divided into three (3) parts : a) Research

instrument consists of the answer sheet that have three questions on how

many times do students experience cyberbullying

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b) Research instrument consist of the items which gathers respondents'

profile such as their age, sex except their name

c) Research instrument is the reading passages. It is the series of texts to

be read. The reading passages has questions about which is mostly used

social media platforms in cyberbullying.

Data Gathering Procedure

Construction. The questionnaire use is researchers- made. The contents

are based on existing phenomena about the objectives of cyberbullying

among Grade 9 and 10 students.

Validation. The questionnaire will be validated by Mr. Marlon M. Venzon -

School Administrator Mrs. Myla A. Nider - SHS Focal Person Mr. Ronel P.

Halos - AP Teacher. Their evaluation improved the content of the paper.

Distribution and Retrieval. Prior to the distribution of questionnaires, the

researchs will seek approval from the following: Mr. Benjamin M. Molina, II

- School Head Mr. Marlon M. Venzon - School Administrator Mrs. Myla A.

Nider - SHS Focal Person; Mr. Ronelson Bulao - Grade 9 Level Chairman

Mrs. Diana C. Dela Cruz - Grade 10 Level Chairman. The researchers

personally administred and retrived the questionnaires on the same

day to the respondents. Then, it will be analyzed based on the result

of statistical treatment.

Data Processing and Statistical Treatment

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In order to get the result needed, frequency percentage and mean

were used. The researcher will tally the responses to get the frequency.

Through the frequency result, percentage and mean will be computed.

CHAPTER 4
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DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

Number of Times Experienced Cyberbullying

Table 1
Distribution of Respondents as per Number of Times Cyberbullied