A) What is Colonism?

Colonism refers to combination of territorial, cultural, political and economic

domination of one group of people by another group of people. The long control exercised by
the British Empire over North America, Africa and India are the examples of collonical
domination.
b) What is De-colonism?
In simple terms decolonization means. When a colony controlled by another become
independent then it is called de-colonism.
IMPACT OF DECOLONISM AND AFRO-ASIA RESURGANCE
1. Change in the nature and scope of international relations
After decolonization, new and sovereign nations emerged in Asia, Africa and Latin
America. They really internationalized international relation. New types of relations and
regional problems come on the International level and this opened new views in International
relation.
2. Set back to imperialism and Racialism :
In abolishing racialism the Afro-Asian countries played a significant role. It was
mainly due to the efforts of united nation the racialism come to an end.
3. Power vacuum and Bipolarization :
With decolonization some of the newly independent state required political, military
and economic support from outside. The race started between United States and Soviet Union
to fill this power vacuum. So some of the nation came under the umberalla of Soviet Union
and United States.
4. Theatre of cold war :
Soviet union wanted to establish communication in newly developed states. This was
prevented by United States by giving aids to that nation. Thus the newly independent states
becomes centers of ideological and political competition.
5. Emergence of Non-aligment :
Some of Afro – Asian State did not want phony of the two blocs. They welcomed
non-aligment policy. They were not dependent on any block.
6. Concept of third world :
The newly emerged state make the third world. It includes the poorer,
economicallyless, developed countries of the world. The less developed countries in the
South and new international economy from the developed countries in the North leads to
North-South-Conflict.
7. Pressure of USA
After the Second World War, the USA emerged as a powerful country. Colonical
powers are already weakened. The United States wanted to fill the vacuum and establish
democratic form of government in the colonies. It did not wanted other power to dominate so
it give pressure to the newly emerged state.
8. Eyelid of communism :
Communists help many of the colonies to become independent. So peoples believe
the socialist camp. The wester power granted freedom to many of the colonies and transferred
the power to non-communist people.
9. UNO contribution :
The imperial powers responded to the call of UNO and withdraw gradually from their
colonies.
10. Regional conflicts :
Many newly developed states had conflicts between them For eg: India and Pakistan,
South Korea and North Korea and etc. In all the conflicts the big power was involved.
11. Nee – Colonialism :
Nee – Colonialism is the continuation of exploitation by other means. It aim was to
dominate economically in the place of political and military. By economic dominance the big
power control the poor nations (eg) China control economically Sri Lanka.