Name: ________________________ Date: ____________________ [ID- B ]

Chapter 7&8 PRACTICE Test: Exponentials & Logarithms

SHORT ANSWER

A calculator is not permitted.

1. Graph the function y  2 x  3  3 . Include two points and the asymptote.

xh
2. Determine the equation of the given exponential function in the form y  a b  k.

3. Evaluate log 9 729.

4. Evaluate 6log 10 000 10.

1
5. Evaluate log 9 .
729

6. Evaluate e ln 11 .

7. Graph the function y  4log 1 x  5  2 . Include two points and the asymptote.
3

8. Determine the equation of the given logarithmic function in the form y  a log b x  h   k .

9. Determine the inverse of the function f x   4log 9 x  3   2 .

10. Given log x 7  0.8 , log x 2  0.3 , and log x 625  2.8 . Determine the value of log x 70 .

15 
11. Given log x 9  0.8 , log x 2  0.2 , and log x 5  0.5 . Determine the value of log x  .
2 

1
12. Solve log 6 x  8  log 6 x  3  1 .

13. Solve 5log x 4x  10.

14. Determine the solutions to the equation e 2x  10e x  16  0.

15. Determine the exact coordinates of all intercepts for the function y  2e 4x  10 .

SHORT ANSWER

A calculator is required. Round to four decimals if necessary.

x1
 1 
16. Graph the function y      2 . Include all intercepts and the asymptote.
 5

17. A $23 500 investment earns 25% per annum compounded semi-annually. How long will it take this investment to
reach $376 000?

18. A $17 500 investment earns 10% per annum compounded continuously. How long will it take this investment to
reach $350 000?

19. The growth of a certain bacteria sample can be modelled by the function below where t is time, in hours, and N is
the number of colony forming units (CFUs) currently present.

t
N t   25 1.3

(a) What is the initial size of this bacteria sample?

(b) Determine the amount of bacteria present after 12 hours.
(c) How long will it take this bacteria sample to double? Round your answer to the nearest minute.

20. Determine the number of digits in the number 9 3500 .

----

21. Determine the number of digits in the number 7 2850  9 2700 .

----

22. Graph the function y  4log 3 x  2  5 . Include all intercepts and the asymptote.

23. Graph the function y  3 log 5 x  2  3 . Include all intercepts and the asymptote.

24. Solve 9 x  4  2x .

25. Solve log 9 3x  8  log9 x  4  1 .

8
26. Determine the solutions to the equation log 5 x   7.
log 5 x

2
 ID: B

Chapter 7&8 PRACTICE Test: Exponentials & Logarithms

Answer Section

SHORT ANSWER

1.

2.

 1  x  1
y   5
 3 
 
3. 3
3
4.  2
5. –3
6. e ln 11

e ln 11 via inverse identity (i.e., base-e exponential “wipes out” the base-e logarithm

 11

1
 ID: B

7.

8.

y  4log 5 x  4  1
9. y  4log 9 x  3   2

x  4log 9  y  3   2

x2
 log 9  y  3 
4

x2
4
9  y3

x2
1 4
f x   9 3

10. log x 625  2.8  4log x 5  2.8  log x 5  0.7

log x 70  log x 7  2  5  log x 7  log x 5  log x 2  1.8

2
 ID: B

11. log x 9  0.8  2log x 3  0.8  log x 3  0.4

15   3  5 
log x    log x    log 3  log 5  log 2  0.7

2  2 
x x x

12. log 6 x  8  log 6 x  3  1

log 6 x  8  log 6 x  3  log 6 6

x 2  11x  24  6

x 2  11x  18  0

11  49
x Tip: factoring method is much easier if a calculator is not permitted!
2

x  9 and x  2

Note:  9   8  0 or  9   3  0 so x  9 is extraneous.

 x  2

13. 5log x 4x  10

log x 4x   2

x 2  4x

x 2  4x  0

x  x  4   0
 

 x  4 since x  0

3
 ID: B

14. e 2x  10e x  16  0

 x  2  
 e   10  e x   16  0 quadratic form
   

 x  
 e  2   e x  8   0
  

ex  2 and ex  8

 x  ln2, ln8

 1  
15.  0, 8  and  4 ln  5  , 0 
  

16.

nt
 r 
17. FV  PV  1  
 n

2t
 0.25 
376 000  23 500  1 
 2 

376 000 2t
 1.125
23 500

2t
16  1.125

log 16
 2t
log 1.125

23.539796769447
t
2

 t  11.77 years

4
 ID: B

18. FV  PV  e rt

350 000  17 500  e 0.1t

350 000
 e 0.1t
17 500

 350 000 

ln    ln  e 0.1t 
17 500   
 

 350 000 
ln    0.1t ln e
 17 500 

 350 000 
ln    0.1t 1
 17 500 

 350 000 

t  ln    0.1

 17 500 

 t  29.96 years
0
19. (a) N 0  25 1.3  25

12
(b) N 12  251.3  582.4521 CFUs (or 582 complete CFUs after 12 hours)

t
(c) 2 25  25 1.3
2  1.3 t
 
log 2  log 1.3t 
 
log 2  t log 1.3

log2
t  2.64192680
log 1.3

 2 hours 39 minutes

20. 9 3500

 log 93500   1   3500log 9   1  3339.84878303764  1  3340

 10   10 

----
21. 7 2850  9 2700

 
log 10  7 2850  9 2700 
 

   
 log 10  7 2850   log10  9 2700 
   

 2850log 10 7  2700log 10 9

 4984.9841895268

 4984.9841895268  1  4985 digits

----

5
 ID: B

22.

23.

24. 9 x  4  2x

x  4  log 9  x log 2

x log 9  4log 9  x log 2

x log 9  x log 2  4log 9

 
x  log 9  log 2   4log 9

4log 9
x
log 2  log 9

 x  5.8434

6
 ID: B

25. log 9 3x  8  log9 x  4  1

log 9 3x  8  log 9 x  4  log 9 9

3x 2  20x  32  9

3x 2  20x  23  0

20  124
x
6

x  –5.1893 and x  –1.4774

Note: 3  –5.1893   8  0 or  –5.1893   4  0 so x  –5.1893 is extraneous.

 x  –1.4774

8
26. log 5 x  7
log 5 x

 
 log x  log x   8  log x  7log x
 5  5  log x  5 5
 5 

2
 log 5 x   8  7log 5 x
 

 log x  2  7log x  8  0 quadratic form

 5  5

7  17
log 5 x 
2 1

7 17
2
x5

7 17 7 17
2 2
x5 and x5

 x  10.1258, 7715.4026