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MANAGERS
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Definition of managers
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Every organisation needs someone who can support, administrate, and control other employees. Otherwise, the organisation will simply not function well. This person
in business is called a manager. In 2002, Google tried to eliminate managers from their organisation stating that they are a company of 'engineers for engineers'. This
experiment lasted only a couple of months, and Google realised that they need managers to help employees achieve the company's goals.
Definition of managers
Definition
Managers are responsible for achieving the goals and objectives of an organisation through managing its resources (human, financial, and operational).
Managerial duties include, but are not limited to leading the team, setting objectives, analyzing performance, making decisions, and reviewing.
Depending on the hierarchical level of a manager, the duty could be to manage an individual, a department or the whole business. What managers all have in
common is that they have power, responsibility and influence over other employees. The main goal for managers in an organisation is to ensure that their managerial
operations contribute towards organisational goals. Managers generally sit in a hierarchical structure, which usually involves three levels of manager, from top to
bottom:
Top-level managers
Middle-level managers
Lower-level managers
These management levels will be explained in more detail in one of the following sections.
Setting objectives
Managers must know the goal they aspire to achieve in the organisation, which will allow them to set effective objectives. Importantly, the set objectives must align
with the company's corporate objectives. Additionally, managers must have interpersonal skills and be able to communicate these objectives to employees clearly
and simply so that everyone understands them.
Analyzing
Part of the manager's role is the ability to analyze various organisational aspects. There are three main aspects that the majority of managers are required to analyze:
Analyzing the current situation of a business and applying this analysis when setting new objectives.
Analyzing employees' performance to ensure that they are working towards set targets, identifying areas that require improvement, and tracking that
improvement.
Analyzing the extent to which the set objectives were met and the efficiency of working towards them.
Leading
The role of the manager is to be able to lead and motivate staff towards achieving set objectives. This should be done in a way that gives employees a clear direction
on how they can accomplish their targets successfully. To do that, managers must have qualities, skills, or techniques that can inspire others. For example, managers
can motivate employees using their natural leadership qualities such as charisma or inspiring staff by showing their achievements and personal journeys to achieve
their managerial roles. Most importantly, good managers need to understand what management and leadership techniques are the most effective to manage staff
successfully.
Making decisions
Managers must have confidence in making decisions, whether they are making decisions with regards to employees' daily tasks or making corporate decisions for the
organisation. The types of decisions will depend on their managerial level in the organisation. They will often have to make decisions within set deadlines.
Reviewing
Managers must be able to review the outcomes of their decisions and the extent to which the set objectives were achieved. Managers must be able to review the
decisions they made in great detail, helping them to make better decisions in the future. They should have the ability to identify mistakes and learn from them so that
they can avoid them in the future.
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There are three types of managers. Their types are differentiated by levels (see Figure 1). Starting from the bottom of the pyramid, they include:
Lower-level managers
This is the lowest level - also called 'entry-level' management. Their main managerial tasks include:
In the company, these managers are called shift managers, supervisors, assistant managers and team leaders.
Middle-level managers
The middle-level managers are in the middle of the pyramid, between lower-level managers and top-level managers. They work as connectors between lower-level
management and top-tier management, and vice versa. They are the communication bridge between the other two levels. Middle managers may be split into more
levels depending on the size and nature of the organisation. Small organisations may have one level, whereas larger enterprises may have a few levels of middle
management.
In the company, these managers generally include department specialised managers such as marketing managers, sales managers, operations managers, finance
managers. In a franchise, they are called branch managers.
Top-level managers
These managers are accountable to the Chief Executive Officers (CEO) or board directors. These managers are at the top of the organisation's hierarchy and are
responsible for ensuring the company's success as a whole. These are the key responsibilities of top-level managers:
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In the company, these managers are called the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Marketing Officer (CMO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), etc.
Chartered managers
A top-level manager can gain the title of chartered manager, which is the highest managerial status through formal qualifications.
A chartered manager has credentials, experience, and outstanding leadership and management skills. Chartered managers have higher salaries compared to other
managers.
There are different routes to becoming a chartered manager. Firstly, taking a written examination. Managers must either have a degree, a professional qualification, or
a high level of expertise in their field. They also have to complete an assessment and attend an interview to gain a recognised Chartered Institute of Management
(CIM) certificate.
Hard skills
Hard skills include industry-specific skills such as IT and engineering skills. These are also called technical skills.
Soft skills
Soft skills are also called 'people' and 'interpersonal' skills. These skills are essential for managers regardless of the industry because managers are ultimately
responsible for managing people.
You can find many sets of soft skills that characterise a good manager, but there is a set of skills that all managers must have. They are:
Communication
Listening
Consistency and reliability
Motivational
Problem-solving
Emotional intelligence (EQ)
Emotional intelligence
Emotional intelligence (EQ - Emotional Quotient) is part of a soft skill set. EQ is important for managers to attain as it represents the ability to understand and
manage their own emotions and other people's. We must be aware that this is a crucial skill to have in any workplace.
Daniel Goleman is one of the key thinkers in emotional intelligence theory. This theory outlines that a manager must have four key competencies:
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Managers - key takeaways
START QUIZ
The manager is responsible for managing people in the organisation. Managers must make sure that employees know
what they're doing and that organisational operations run smoothly.
The manager's role includes the includes: 1) Setting objectives 2) Analyzing 3) Leading 4) Making decisions 5) Reviewing.
Managers are split into three levels: Low-level managers, middle-level managers and top-level managers.
A chartered manager is the highest managerial status. It can be achieved through certification.
Soft skills are also called 'people' and 'interpersonal' skills. These are more general and are relevant to any manager
regardless of the industry.
Q: Who is a manager?
A: Managers are responsible for achieving the goals and objectives of an organisation through managing its resources (human, financial, and
operational). Managerial duties include, but are not limited to leading the team, setting objectives, analyzing performance, making decisions,
and reviewing.
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A: Good managers have a broad skill set. These skills are split into two categories, hard and soft skills.
1. Hard skills
Industry-specific skills
2. Soft skills
Communication
Listening
Consistency and reliability
Motivational
Problem-solving
Emotional intelligence (EQ)
A: The manager's role includes the includes: 1) Setting objectives 2) Analyzing 3) Leading 4) Making decisions 5) Reviewing.
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