UNIT 4: FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY

VOCABULARY
access /ˈækses/ (n.) tiếp cận với
Students must have access to good resources.
announcement /əˈnaʊnsmənt/ (n.) thông báo
We saw that announcement on an internet site.
boost /buːst/ (v.) thúc đẩy/ tăng cường/ làm tăng thêm
Exercising every morning helps us boost energy for a fulfilling day of work.
cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/ (adj.) vui vẻ
He's always been a cheerful, hard-working employee.
annoying /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ (adj.) gây khó chịu, phiền phức
John is sometimes annoying.
annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ (adj.) khó chịu
I am annoyed by the big noise.
boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ (adj.) chán ngắt, tẻ nhạt
Playing mobile games is boring.
bored /bɔːd/ (adj.) cảm thấy nhàm chán
Brian is bored with Chinese.
dedicated /ˈdedɪkeɪtɪd/ (adj.) tận tụy
She is the most dedicated doctor in our hospital.
hopeless /ˈhəʊpləs/ (adj.) vô vọng, rất kém
Susan is hopeless at Maths.
hopeful /ˈhəʊpfl/ (adj.) lạc quan, tràn đầy hi vọng
She is hopeful about the future of the club.
helpless /ˈhelpləs/ (adj.) bất lực
They are helpless victims of war.
helpful /ˈhelpfl/ (adj.) hữu ích, nhiệt tình
The host family was very helpful.
meaningless /ˈmiːnɪŋləs/ (adj.) vô nghĩa
Don't lead a meaningless life.
meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ (adj.) có ý nghĩa
This is a meaningful volunteer activity.
charitable organisation /ˈtʃærətəbl ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (n. phr.) tổ chức từ thiện
This charitable organization has helped many people in need.
charity work /ˈtʃærəti wɜːk/ (n. phr.) công việc từ thiện
Teenagers can learn a lot from charity work.
community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ (n.) cộng đồng
They want to do something useful and meaningful for the community.
community service /kəˈmjuːnəti ˈsɜːvɪs/ (n. phr.) công việc vì lợi ích cộng đồng
More and more students take part in community service.
develop /dɪˈveləp/ (v.) phát triển
This job can give you an opportunity to develop new skills
development /dɪˈveləpmənt/ (n.) sự phát triển
These activities will enhance the development of rural areas.
disadvantaged /ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒd/ (adj.) thiệt thòi, có hoàn cảnh khó khăn
We visited disadvantaged children in this village.
donate /dəʊˈneɪt/ (v.) quyên góp ủng hộ
They donate clothes, books and money to this charity centre.
donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/ (n.) sự quyên góp, khoản tiền quyên góp
All kinds of donations are appreciated.
donor /ˈdəʊnə(r)/ (n.) nhà tài trợ, người ủng hộ
The charity received £100,000 from an unnamed donor.
handicapped /ˈhændikæpt/ (adj.) khuyết tật
We take care of handicapped children.
homeless people /ˈhəʊmləs ˈpiːpl/ (n. phr.) người vô gia cư
There are a lot of homeless people in this city.
low-income /ləʊ ˈɪnkʌm/ (adj.) thu nhập thấp
We provide support for low-income families.
needy /ˈniːdi/ (adj.) túng thiếu, nghèo
This fund is to help children of needy families.
priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ (n.) ưu tiên
Protecting the environment is our top priority.
raise money /reɪz ˈmʌni/ (v. phr.) quyên góp tiền
There are a lot of ways to raise money.
volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ (n.) tình nguyện viên
They need volunteers to help children with English.
(v.) tình nguyện
A group of students volunteer to clean this area every Saturday.
volunteer work /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə wɜːk/ (n. phr.) công việc tình nguyện
She did a lot of volunteer work last summer.

I. Match the words with their correct Vietnamese meanings.

1. handicapped, 2. disadvantaged, 3. dedicated, 4. donor, 5. annoying, 6. hopeless
A. rất kém, vô vọng
B. khuyết tật
C. có hoàn cảnh khó khăn
D. gây phiền phức, khó chịu
E. tận tụy
F. nhà tài trợ

II. Match the words with their meanings.

1. donate (v), 2. volunteer (n), 3. generous (adj), 4. remote (adj), 5. benefit (v)

a. giving or willing to give freely

b. far away from places where other people live
c. to give money, food, clothes, etc. to a charity
d. to be in a better position because of something; to be useful to somebody
e. a person who does a job without being paid for it.

III. Complete the following sentences using the correct forms of the words in II.
1. He is very __________. He is always willing to give a lot of money to charity.
2. The school is difficult to get to because it is located in a _______ аrеа.
3. If you don't have time to volunteer, you can________money and food.
4. This clean water project will ________the people in the village.
5. Our club needs more ______to clean up the park at the weekend.

IV. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.
1. A. disadvantaged. B. handicapped. C. bored. D. annoyed
2. A. donation. B. priority. C. hopeless. D. low-income
3. A. development B. dedicated. C. devoted. D. describe
4. A. development. B. improvement. C. documentary. D. environment
5. A. organisation. B. disadvantaged C. meaningless. D. obvious

V. Choose the options that best fit the blanks.

1. Your music is very ________. Can't you just stop it?
A. annoying. B. interesting. C. annoyed. D. bored
2. If you can do something to help others, you will find your life ________.
A. meaningful. B. meaningless. C. helpless. D. interested
3. Some of the students were ________ at English, so volunteer teachers had to try very hard.
A. hopeless. B. hopeful. C. endless. D. excited
4. She wishes she could do some ________ work this summer.
A. voluntarily. B. volunteerism. C. volunteer. D. volunteering
5. Life is sometimes very harsh for ________ families in big cities.
A. lowly-income. B. low-income. C. highly-income. D. high-income
6. The local government provides financial support to the children of ________ parents.
A. needful. B. needed. C. need-blind. D. needy
7. This charity provides financial support and mental comfort to ________ children.
A. advantaged. B. disadvantaged. C. advantageous. D. disadvantageous
8. You can ________ books, clothes, medicine and money to this charity.
A. donor. B. donate. C. devote. C. dedicate

REVIEW GRAMMAR – WHEN VS. WHILE

Past simple vs past continuous with when and while

I. Choose the correct verb form in each of the following sentences.

1. While Lan was working / worked as a volunteer in the countryside, she met an old friend.

2. I was revising for my civics class when my dad was telling / told me about the volunteer Job.

3. We saw many unhappy children while we were helping / helped people in remote areas.

4. He was sorting the donations when he was realising / realised how generous people were.

II. Combine the two sentences using when or while where appropriate.
1. They were cleaning the streets. It started to rain.

2. I was watching TV. I saw the floods and landslides in the area.

3. Tim was searching for employment opportunities. He found a job advert from a non-
governmental organisation.

4. They decided to help build a community center for young people. They were visiting some
poor villages.

III. Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Use the past
simple or past continuous.

1. I first (meet)________ Lan while we (work) _________as volunteers.

2. While we (walk)________ home, we (see) _________ a girl crying near a bus stop.

3. Kim (notice) ___________the poverty of the area while she (deliver) _____ free meals to old
people.

4. When I (arrive) ______at the community centre, a guest speaker (give) _________a speech.

advertisement /ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt/ (n.) quảng cáo

I saw your advertisement in the Youth Newspaper yesterday.
application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n.) sự xin việc, ứng tuyển
Susan is writing a letter of application.
benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ (n.) lợi ích
Doing volunteer work has a lot of benefits.
concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ (adj.) quan tâm, lo lắng
Many young people are concerned about community problems.
confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ (n.) sự tự tin
The course will help you build your confidence and develop your study skills.
confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ (adj.) bối rối
I'm getting really confused. What should I do now?
generous /ˈdʒenərəs/ (adj.) hào phóng, rộng rãi
Luke is very generous to his friends and family.
deliver /dɪˈlɪvə/ (v.) phân phát, giao (hàng)
She’s delivering free drinks to poor people.
involved /ɪnˈvɒlvd/ (adj.) tham gia, liên quan
My dad gets involved in a lot of activities to protect the environment.
life-saving /ˈlaɪf seɪvɪŋ/ (adj.) cứu nạn, cứu sống
We have learned to use some life-saving appliances.
direct the traffic /daɪˈrekt ðə ˈtræfɪk/ (v.) hướng dẫn giao thông
Some volunteer students direct the traffic during rush hours.
experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ (n.) kinh nghiệm
Do you have any experience in teaching children?
facility /fəˈsɪləti/ (n.) cơ sở vật chất, trang thiết bị
Schools and hospitals are necessary facilities.
interact /ˌɪntərˈækt/ (v.) tương tác, tiếp xúc
Volunteers have a chance to interact closely with the local people.
narrow-minded /ˈnærəʊ ˈmaɪndɪd/ (adj.) hẹp hòi, nhỏ nhen
He had been narrow-minded before he took this volunteer trip.
non-profit /nɒn ˈprɒfɪt/ (adj.) phi lợi nhuận
We are a non-profit charity organisation.
non-governmental /ˌnɒn ˌɡʌvnˈmentl/ (adj.) phi chính phủ
They work in a non-governmental organisation to protect the environment.
orphanage /ˈɔːfənɪdʒ/ (n.) trại trẻ mồ côi
They were brought up in an orphanage.
practical /ˈpræktɪkl/ (adj.) thực tế, thiết thực
I gained a lot of practical experience when I worked for the company.
passionate /ˈpæʃənət/ (adj.) đam mê, nồng nhiệt
I am a passionate and creative person.
position /pəˈzɪʃn/ (n.) vị trí
I'm writing to apply for the position of a volunteer guide.
reference /ˈrefrəns/ (n.) thư giới thiệu
I can send two references from my teachers.
remote area /rɪˈməʊt ˈeəriə/ (n. phr.) vùng sâu vùng xa
Our program aims to help poor households in this remote area.
running water /ˈrʌnɪŋ ˈwɔːtə(r)/ (n. phr.) nước máy
Residents in this area will be provided with clean running water.
rural area /ˈrʊərəl ˈeəriə/ (n. phr.) vùng nông thôn

I. Match each word with its correct meaning.

1. advertisement, 2. benefit (n), 3. passionate, 4. experience (n), 5. interact
A. communicate with people when you spend time with them
B. knowledge and skills gained through doing something
C. a helpful and useful effect
D. having strong enthusiasm for something
E. something that tells people about a film, a job, or a service.

II. Choose the options that best fit the blanks.

1. It was ________ of him to donate so much money to the charity.
A. confused. B. experience. C. generous. D. hopeless
2. Foods are ________ to our restaurant twice a day.
A. interacted. B. practical. C. delivered. D. involved
3. She has a lot of ________ in this field, so she was offered the job.
A. contact. B. involvement. C. maturity. D. experience
4. Taking care of the needs of the old, the sick and the homeless is our ________.
A. top priority. B. top preference. C. utmost importance. D. chief priority
5. Local people in this neighborhood have been supplied with ________ for five years now.
A. pipes. B. river water. C. running water. D. rainwater
6. Mary wrote a letter of ________ to Microsoft yesterday after seeing their advertisement in the
morning.
A. position. B. appliance. C. employment. D. application
7. Building necessary ________ such as hospitals, schools and parks is important.
A. facilities. B. services. C. equipment. D. utensils
8. My sister is writing a letter to apply for the ________ of an English teacher at the center.
A. vacancy. B. position. C. place. D. Both A & B are correct.

III. Fill in the gaps with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
1. There are (end)_______ opportunities for teenagers to volunteer these days.
2. We were very (excite) _______to help children organise afterschool activities.
3. The local people were really (help)_________. They supported us all the time we stayed there.
4. We need more (volunteer) _________for our community projects.
5. Our charity groups received generous (donate) ___________from the local people.