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    Phillip II of Macedonia expanded Greek influence by defeating Athens and Thebes. His son, Alexander the Great, further spread Greek culture by conquering Persia and reaching India. After Alexander's death, Greek culture mixed with local traditions, forming the Hellenistic civilization characterized by advances in science, philosophy, and cities like Alexandria. New schools of thought emerged such as Epicureanism which emphasized happiness in life over the afterlife, and Stoicism which promoted living virtuously in harmony with nature.

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    Phillip II of Macedonia expanded Greek influence by defeating Athens and Thebes. His son, Alexander the Great, further spread Greek culture by conquering Persia and reaching India. After Alexander's death, Greek culture mixed with local traditions, forming the Hellenistic civilization characterized by advances in science, philosophy, and cities like Alexandria. New schools of thought emerged such as Epicureanism which emphasized happiness in life over the afterlife, and Stoicism which promoted living virtuously in harmony with nature.

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    38 views6 pages

    4 The Spread of Greek Civilization

    Uploaded by

    api-597228084
    Phillip II of Macedonia expanded Greek influence by defeating Athens and Thebes. His son, Alexander the Great, further spread Greek culture by conquering Persia and reaching India. After Alexander's death, Greek culture mixed with local traditions, forming the Hellenistic civilization characterized by advances in science, philosophy, and cities like Alexandria. New schools of thought emerged such as Epicureanism which emphasized happiness in life over the afterlife, and Stoicism which promoted living virtuously in harmony with nature.

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    of 6

    THE SPREAD OF GREEK

    CIVILIZATION
    Phillip II of Macedonia
     Heavily influenced
    by the Greeks
     Sought to play up
    their rivalries in hope
    of gaining power
     Defeated an alliance
    of Athens and
    Thebes at the Battle
    of Chaeronea
     Assassinated
    Alexander the Great
     Educated by
    Aristotle,
    commander in
    father’s army,
    ambassador to
    Athens
     334 BCE – invaded
    Persia
     Extended empire to
    India
     Died at 32 freedominion.com.pa
    Influence of Alexander
     Spreading of Greek culture
     Mixing of cultures – Hellenistic
    Civilization
     Alexandria, Egypt : Great Library,
    Lighthouse
    Hellenistic Science
     Advances in:
     Medicine (surgery, anesthetics)
     Astronomy and Geography
     Mathematics and Geometry
    ○ Archimedes: lever, double pulley, catapult
    New Thinking
     Epicurus:
     No afterlife therefore the greatest good was
    being happy in life.
     Some emphasized personal enjoyment over
    moral conduct “epicurean”
     Zeno:
     Happiness revolved around living in harmony
    with nature.
     “Stoics” stressed self-discipline, courage and
    moral conduct (Church)
    ○ Person who remains calm in the face of pain or
    misfortune

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