REPORT STRUCTURAL HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF A WATER RESERVOIR AT DHRUBDANGA. Name of the Client : Asansol Municipality Corporation PREPARED BY Dr. Partha Ghosh Professor CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT JADAVPUR UNIVERSITY ch Oe te mer Ena) 0.8) Kolkata-700106 | December 2022 jest Carson Egy Depatert Setar Veber Koa's TO 1H Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerCONTENTS Chapters Page No. CHAPTER-L 03 - 04 CHAPTER = IIL Test Results | Project Details. | | Rebound Hammer Pictures based visual Inspection Observation ... CHAPTER-V Discussions and Conclusions ... CHAPTER-VI Repairing Methodology... © Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerCHAPTER-1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ‘Wilthe visual inspection as well as Non-Destructive Test (UPV, Rebound Hammer, Half Cell Potential Test) for the existing Overhead Reservoir at Dhrubdanga. Asansol Municipality Corporation had allotted this job to Dr. Partha Ghosh, Professor of Construction Engineering. Department, Jadavpur University, Salt Lake Campus, Plot-8, Block-LB, Sector-III, and Kolkata-7000106, | 1.2 The Scope of the work consists of structural soundness report of the said OHR and any | ‘Suggestion on incorporation & deletion there in including the stability of the structure | through visual inspection along with different kind of NDT like Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test of PUNDIT LAB (Make PROCEQ) & Rebound Hammer Test (Make PROCEQ) instrument, 1.3 The Tests were conducted on 18" November 2022 in presence of Client Representative. A. Different kind of Testing :- = Name of Test Purposes Make Relevant Code : To know the Ultrasonic Pulse j IS 516 Part-5/Sec-1 1 | Vaeeinetent’ | homogeneity of Proceq on concrete Existing Surface q 2. | Schmidt Hammer | compressive strength Proceq ee ‘of concrete | 3 ; Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerInstruments Image of Instruments Schmidt panier —z. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test 4 » Construction Engineering Department Jadaypur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerCHAPTER-IL 2. Project Details A. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test Method as per IS $16 Part-5/Sec-1)2018: The Pulse Velocity Test is conducted by the Portable Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Digital Indicating Tester (PUNDIT LAB) Make PROCEQ which is internationally reputed highly accurate pulse time recording system. The Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity method consists of measuring the time of travel (in micro seconds) of an ultrasonic pulse passing through the concrete to be tested. Two transducers are used, one to transmit the pulse and the other to receive the pulse. The distance which the pulses travel in the conerete (ie. the path length) is also measured. The pulse velocity is determined from the relation. Path length Pulse Velocity = ——. Transit time Depending upon the arrangement of transducers, the Pulse Velocity tests may be Direct, Semi Direct or Indirect. Direct transmission, i.e. placing the transducers on opposite faces is the most accurate method. However, in many situations two opposite faces of the structural member may not be accessible for measurements, in such cases; the receiving transducer is also placed on the same face of the concrete members. Indirect transmission method is used in the present investigation. Accuracy of transit time measurement is dependent on good acoustic coupling between the transducer face and the prepared conerete surface. The test surface is prepared by rubbing the concrete surfaces with Steel brush and cleaned subsequently. Light grease is applied as couplant. ‘The natural frequency of transducers should preferable be within the range of 20 to 150 KHz. ‘Transducers with a frequency of 50 to 60KHz are useful for most all-round application. Generally lower frequencies allow more depth of penetration. Higher frequencies allow better resolution in the measurements. The Pulse Velocity method of testing may be applied to the testing of plain, reinforced and pre- Stressed concrete whether it is precast or cast-in-situ. The measurement of Pulse Velocity may be used to determine; a) The homogeneity of the concrete. b) The presence of voids, cracks or other imperfections. ¢) Changes in the structure of the concrete which may occur with time 4) The quality of the concrete in relation to the standard requirements ) The Quality of one element of concrete in relation to another. » Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerTable 1 of IS S16 (Part-s/See-1)-2018 :Amendment No.01 Nov 2019 gives generalized Pulse ‘Velocity ratings for Concrete, ulse Velo General Conditfons( 3.0 s. The above may be taken as guidelines for assessing the condition of the structure, Any weakness. in the form of cracks, voids, weak concrete will result in lower pulse velocities. Details of the Instruments — PUNDIT LAB Ultrasonic Instrument (Serial No. S/N PLO1-000-0000), made in Switzerland, the technical specification is given below (www. Proceg.com). ‘Transit Time Measurement Range 0.1-9999u1s Auto ranging Resolution Ons Display 79X21 mam passive matrix OLED Sed 1254 250V380V 00 AUTO Receiver Selectable gain steps Pundit Lab TX, 10X,100X,AOTO Bandwidth 20 KH,-S0OKH, Memory ‘Non: volatile,, 500measured values Regional setting Metric and imperial units supported Power Supply Battery 4X AA Batteries(> 20hour continuous use) Mains: 5¥,<500 mA Via USB Charger PC 5v,<500 mA directly Via USB Charger ‘Construction Engineering Department Jadaypur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerMechanical ens 172x 55K 220mm, Toamentet 1.3 kg(Including Batteries) Environmental Conditions . ae Operating temperature =P to COTO 140°F) Humidity "< 95% RH, non condensing Calibration Standard calibration sample is available along with the instrument B. Schmidt Hammer Test Method as per IS 516 (Part 5/Sec 4) : 2020 The Rebound Hammer Instrument is a mechanical device used for performing rapid, non- destructive quality testing on materials according to the customer’s specifications. In most cases, however, the material involved is concrete. The device is to be used exclusively on the surfaces of the concrete and with the help of this instrument we can determine the grade of concrete. B.1.1 Objective: The rebound Hammer Method could be used for i.) Assessing the likely compressive strength of concrete with the help of suitable co-relations between rebound Index and compressive strength. ii.) Assessing the uniformity of concrete iii.) Assessing the quality of the concrete in relation to standard requirements. iv.) Assessing the quality of one element of concrete in relation to another. In this case Proceq Make has been used. B.1.2 Measuring Procedure as per the Guide line of IS516 (Part 5/Sec 4) : 2020 : ‘As a common practice a few test impacts are performed with the concrete test hammer on a smooth, hard surface before taking any measurements and also grindstones are used to smoothen the test surface. When the plunger of rebound hammer is pressed against the surface of the concrete, the spring controlled mass rebounds and the extent of such rebound depends upon the surface hardness of concrete. The surface harness and therefore the rebound is taken to be related to the compressive strength of the concrete. Then concrete test hammer is positioned perpendicular to the test surface. Thereafter, the impact plunge is deployed by pushing the concrete test hammer towards the test surface until the pushbutton springs out. Each test surface should be tested with at least 5 to 10 impacts. The individual impact points must be spaced at Jeast 20mm apart. Then the average of the 5-10 rebound values R’ which have been measured is taken, In general practice, the average value of ‘R’ is first determined from each set of the test readings and then the values which are beyond +5 than the average value are ignored. Again, the average value of ‘R’ is determined from the remaining values of each set of readings. Thereafter, the average value of the total sets of the readings is taken. The value of ‘R’ so obtained is now used to find the corresponding value of compressive strength from the standard curve of the manufacturer’s manual. Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScanner= RESULTS OF REBOUND HAMMER TEST TABLE ‘Site Name : Dhrubdanga Water Tank Date : 18.11.2022 & Name of the Structure | Dir-of | Re-bound Hammer | Average ae Test Readings Value | “Pe) | Column - 01 How. [20] 34 [3230 [32 | 32 29 30 [32 | 34 | 32 | 30 32, 29 = ‘Column -02 How 1293032134 [32 [31 21. z 30 3230] 28 3230, 25 ee ou. [29134132] 30] 34] 32 29 a = Ho [34 [3230/28] 32] 31 21 z ‘Column -04 How [24 [3032 [30 [32] 32 29 5 34 |32)32[36|32] 33 30 ce aa. [34301323230] 32 29) pa ees Howe [32 ]32)36 [3413233 30 ae oe [223432 [3234 [33 30) ¥ m0 Howe [50/29/34] 32] 34] 32 29) Ce oe 34 [29 [34132 [34] 33 30 E on Howe [3p [34] 32 [343233 30 ae _ [a[a2 [34] 28 [32 | 32 29 as par 08 How" [34 ]32)36]32[30| 33 30 | 17 _| ¥ 28 (24) 23|27[22| 25 17 18 Cia) Howe [39]28|20[28|28| 28 22 19 34) 32[36 | 3229 | 33 30. a ora ly Hove [303234] 32] 34] 32 29 2 32 | 34 [3230] 32) 32 29 2 @iemeid Howe (30/32 [34] 3230] 32 29 2 3429 )32[34| 2932 29 ZA Cima How [3032] 30] 34) 32] 32 29 25__| Beam (between Col, 05-Col. 28/30) 32] 32/30] 30 25 [6 06) Howe [og] 29] 32130] 30] 30 25: Ba seen Genes 20 col 2624] 28|27|26| 26 19 24)| 27) 28) 26[24|_26 19 29, | Beam (between Col.09-Col, | 5, ,,. |26|27|25|28 [26] 26 19 30 10) 24 | 28) 26)|28 [29 |_27 20 BIL} Beam (between Col.11-Col. | ys, [24|28127| 28] 26| 27 20 32 12) 26 |27|29|28|24| 27 20 331] Beam (between Col.O1-Col. | 57, |28|28| 3012927 28 2 34 02) [28292725 [28] 27 20 35] Beam (between Col.03-Col. | 5, |29|30]27|25|28 | 28 22 36 04) 3029 [2730/28 | 29 2A 8 Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerRESULTS OF UPV TEST TABI ite Name : Dhurbdanga Water Tank Date : 18.11.2022 I. Name of Structure UPV [Distance | Velocity Remarks 0. Direction | (mm) | Kmisec fi ‘Column - OF Direct 600 2219, Doubtful [2 ‘Column - 02 Direct 600 4.360 Good 3 Column - 03 Direct 600 4.164 Good 4 Column - 04 Direct 600 4351 Good 5. Column - 05 Direct 600 4.405 Good 6 Column - 06 Direct 600 3.764 Good 1 Column - 07 Direct 600 3.902 Good) 8 Column - 08 Direct 600 4.280 Good 9 ‘Column = 09 Direct 600 3.536 Good ho ‘Column - 10 Direct 600 3.289 Doubtful 1 Column - 11 Direct 600 3.387 Doubtful jl2 Column - 12 Direct 600 2.526 Doubtful [13_ | Beam (between Col, 05- Col. 06) | _ Direct 600 3.972 Good i14_|- Beam (between Col. 07- Col. 08) | Direct 600 3.678 Good [I5_[_ Beam (between Col. 09- Col. 10) | Direct 600 3.729 Good 16 | Beam (between Col. 11- Col. 12) | Direct 600 3.429 Doubtful 17_| Beam (between Col. 01-Col.02) | Direct 600 3.529 Good 18 | Beam (between Col. 03-Col.04) | Direct 600 3.629 Good Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test | 9 ) Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerSUMMERY AGE RESULTS COM RISON OF TABLE Site Name : Dhrubdanga Overhead Reservoir Test Results s! Name of Structure Average UPV Test ae, nme a Welocity) (Compressive Strength) (Km/Sec) (Nimm?) 1 Column - 01 2219 Doubtful 29 2 Column - 02 4.360 Good 25-27, 3 Column - 03 4.164 Good 27-29 4 Column - 04 4351 Good 29-30 5 Column - 05 4.405 Good 29-30 6 Column = 06 3.764 Good 29-30 7 Column - 07 3.902 Good 30, g Column - 08 4.280 Good 29-30 9 Column - 09 3.536 Good 17-22 10 Column - 10 3.289 Doubéful 29-30 i Column - 11 3.387 Doubéful 29 12 Column = 12 2.526 Doubtful 29 13 | Beam (between Col. 05-Col.06) | 3.972 Good 2s 14 | Beam (between Col. 07-Col.08) | 3.678 Good 19 15 | Beam (between Col, 09- Col. 10) 3.729 Good 19-20 16 | Beam (between Col. 11- Col. 12) 3.429 Doubtful 20 17 | Beam (between Col. 01- Col. 02) 3.529 Good 20-22 18 Beam (between Col. 03- Col. 04) 3.629 Good 22-24 10 Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerCHAPTER~—IV SEVERE STRUCTURAL CRACKS ARE DEVELOPED AT SEVERAL PLACES ON STRUCTURE u —= ) Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerSUREACE PLASTER AND CONCRETE SPALLING FROM SEVERAL PLACES. THE STRUCTURAL STEEL ARE EXPOSED AND CORRODED Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerpresent Observation: pased on detailed visual inspection the following observations have been made - Location Description Defect Discussion | ge Name ? Overhead Reservoir at Dhrubdanga | + Severe Cracks are found on the structures. Column ~ Surface plaster spalling from the several place yt ~ Concrete spalling from the several place | = Structural Stee! are exposed and corroded I ~ Severe Cracks are found on the structures : — ~ Surface plaster spalling from the several place ~ Conerete spalling from the several place = Structural Steel are exposed and corroded Based on the above observation the different kinds of Non-Destructive test were conducted for confirmation the conditions of the structures. The condition of the structure is in poor conditions at several places; hence it is-not possible to conduct also different kind of NDT at all places. Some NDT were carried out near about the distressed portion. Most of column is very week due to damage of surface plaster | and concrete. Most of the connecting beam has wide crack at several faces as well as most of the reinforcement is corroded. Shear reinforcement of the beam is damaged as a result there are wide shear cracks on the beams. Concrete gets dilapidated from | the columns due to lost of its bond stress and reinforcement of the columns is also corroded. Most of the Plaster and concrete is severely affected. It is very clear from the instrumental data that the structure is needs to be major repairing work to survive and reuse this OHR. 13 > Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScannerthe guideline of IS 516 Part-5/Sec-4): 2020 ith of all concrete are not homogeneous. From. e overall average Its it fi ee stren; above results it is confirmed that th _ de fe | Stuctures of Overhead Reservoir itis 1 compressive strength of concrete for 7MPa.-30MPa, Itis very clear from the Ultrasonic Palse cl Velocity Test results as shown in Table-II that the Pulse Velocity range through concrete for the ae is Doubtful to Good Condition as per the guideline of Table- I of IS 516 Part-S/Sec- 172018. SL.No. | Type of structure ceees 7 Columns, Beam | Need to be Major repair through PU Grouting, Jacketing, Glass fiber Wrapping. Based on the visual inspection along with Non-Destructive Testing results it can be concluded that the condition of the OHR is in unhealthy. At several places the structural reinforcement is severely corroded which has lost its properties. Most of the cases the concrete and steel has lost their bond. This is advised not to full load the OHR for the safety purposes. So, based on the structure condition it is need to be major repair immediately. Dr, Partha Ghosh B.E(Civil), M.E(Structural Engg.) Ph.D(n Engg.) | Professor, Construction Engg. Deptt. Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700106. 4 » ‘Construction Engineering Department Jadavpur University, Salt-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScanner‘Scanned with CamScanner‘Scanned with CamScannerNV Wy ‘Scanned with CamScannerFe akind of shear keys and gat along with bonding | Costzucton Egincering Departent Idaypur Univesity, Sel-Lake Campus, Kolkata-700106 Scanned with CamScanner